KR20050090218A - 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질, 그의 제조 방법 및 그를포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 - Google Patents
리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질, 그의 제조 방법 및 그를포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20050090218A KR20050090218A KR1020040015478A KR20040015478A KR20050090218A KR 20050090218 A KR20050090218 A KR 20050090218A KR 1020040015478 A KR1020040015478 A KR 1020040015478A KR 20040015478 A KR20040015478 A KR 20040015478A KR 20050090218 A KR20050090218 A KR 20050090218A
- Authority
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- South Korea
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- active material
- carbon
- sio
- containing compound
- mixture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- NCZAACDHEJVCBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si]=O.[C] Chemical compound [Si]=O.[C] NCZAACDHEJVCBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 41
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910005793 GeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 14
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002194 amorphous carbon material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 5
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- -1 LiMn 2 O 4 Chemical compound 0.000 description 4
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007833 carbon precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012461 cellulose resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011300 coal pitch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007849 furan resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011301 petroleum pitch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005990 polystyrene resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBKMJZAKWQTTHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyldioxolane Chemical compound CC1COOC1 LBKMJZAKWQTTHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical compound C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010090 LiAlO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013372 LiC 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010586 LiFeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013131 LiN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- DISYGAAFCMVRKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl ethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)OCC DISYGAAFCMVRKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011329 calcined coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- QLVWOKQMDLQXNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)OCCCC QLVWOKQMDLQXNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JMPVESVJOFYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropan-2-yl carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)OC(C)C JMPVESVJOFYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007606 doctor blade method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006232 furnace black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WFKAJVHLWXSISD-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyramide Chemical compound CC(C)C(N)=O WFKAJVHLWXSISD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006051 mesophase pitch carbide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021470 non-graphitizable carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- AHIHJODVQGBOND-UHFFFAOYSA-M propan-2-yl carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OC([O-])=O AHIHJODVQGBOND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005118 spray pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/136204—Arrangements to prevent high voltage or static electricity failures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/12—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode
- G02F2201/123—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode pixel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
- G02F2202/22—Antistatic materials or arrangements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
Description
실시예 1 | 비교예 1 | 비교예 2 | 비교예 3 | |
합금조성 | 카본코팅,B 도핑SiOx(x=1.48) | 카본코팅,Si | 카본코팅SiOx(x=1) | 카본코팅,B 도핑SiOx(x=1.95) |
방전용량(mAh/g) | 700 | 1200 | 850 | 420 |
초기효율(%) | 88 | 90 | 78 | 70 |
전극수명(% at 100th cycle) | >90 | <40 | <70 | ~75 |
비정질화도(%) | 80 | 0 | 50 | 70 |
Claims (20)
- 실리콘 옥사이드(SiOx; x는 1.5 이하)에 B, P, Li, Ge, Al, V 또는 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 원소가 도핑되어 있는 코어물질; 및상기 코어물질의 표면에 존재하는 탄소물질을 포함하는 실리콘옥사이드-탄소 복합체로 이루어진 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 음극 활물질의 비정질화도는 50 % 이상이며, GITT(Galvanic Intermitant time technique) 방법에 따른 Li의 확산속도는 10-8 내지 10-6 cm2/sec인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 SiOx의 x은 0.5 내지 1.5인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 B, P, Li, Ge, Al, V 또는 이들의 혼합물의 도핑양은 전체 코어물질에 대하여 50 중량% 이하인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 B, P, Li, Ge, Al, V 또는 이들의 혼합물의 도핑양은 전체 코어물질에 대하여 10 내지 30 중량%인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 탄소물질은 결정질 탄소 또는 비정질 탄소인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질.
- SiO2, Si 및 B-함유 화합물, P-함유 화합물, Li-함유 화합물, Ge-함유 화합물, Al-함유 화합물, V-함유 화합물 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 도핑원소-함유 화합물을 혼합하는 단계;상기 혼합물을 열처리하여 B, P, Li, Ge, Al, V 또는 이들의 혼합물로 도핑된 실리콘 옥사이드(SiOx; x는 1.5이하)의 코어물질을 제조하는 단계;상기 열처리한 코어물질을 급냉시키는 단계; 및상기 코어물질을 탄소물질로 코팅하여 실리콘 옥사이드-탄소의 복합체를 제조하는 단계를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 SiO2와 Si는 3:1 내지 1:1의 중량비로 혼합되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 도핑원소-함유 화합물은 유리질 형성 산화물인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 B-함유 화합물은 B2O3 및 B2O로 이루어진 군에서 선택되고, P-함유 화합물은 P2O5 및 P2O3로 이루어진 군에서 선택되고, Li-함유 화합물은 Li2O, Li2CO3, 및 LiOH 로 이루어진 군에서 선택되고, Ge-함유 화합물은 GeO2, Al-함유 화합물은 Al2O3, V-함유 화합물은 V2O5인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 도핑원소-함유 화합물은 SiO2, Si 및 도핑원소-함유 화합물이 혼합된 혼합물 전체중량에 대하여 50 중량% 이하로 첨가되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 도핑원소-함유 화합물은 SiO2, Si 및 도핑원소-함유 화합물이 혼합된 혼합물 전체중량에 대하여 10 내지 30 중량%로 첨가되는 것인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 열처리 온도는 600 내지 1000℃인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 열처리 온도는 800 내지 1000℃인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 음극 활물질의 비정질화도는 50 % 이상이며, GITT(Galvanic Intermitant time technique) 방법에 따른 Li의 확산속도는 10-8 내지 10-6 cm2/sec 이상인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 SiOx의 x는 0.5 내지 1.5인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 B, P, Li, Ge, Al, V 또는 이들의 혼합물의 도핑양은 전체 코어물질에 대하여 50 중량% 이하인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 제17항에 있어서, 상기 B, P, Li, Ge, Al, V 또는 이들의 혼합물의 도핑양은 전체 코어물질에 대하여 10 내지 30 중량%인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 탄소물질은 결정질 탄소 또는 비정질 탄소인 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질의 제조방법.
- 제1항 내지 제6항 중 어느 하나의 항에 따른 음극 활물질을 포함하는 음극; 리튬의 가역적인 인터칼레이션/디인터칼레이션이 가능한 양극 활물질을 포함하는 양극; 및 전해액을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지.
Priority Applications (5)
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KR1020040015478A KR100578870B1 (ko) | 2004-03-08 | 2004-03-08 | 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 활물질, 그의 제조 방법 및 그를포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
CNB2005100640935A CN100547830C (zh) | 2004-03-08 | 2005-03-08 | 可充电锂电池的负极活性物质及其制法以及包含它的可充电锂电池 |
US11/077,377 US8709653B2 (en) | 2004-03-08 | 2005-03-08 | Negative active material for a rechargeable lithium battery, a method of preparing the same, and a rechargeable lithium battery comprising the same |
JP2005063655A JP4401984B2 (ja) | 2004-03-08 | 2005-03-08 | リチウム二次電池用負極活物質、リチウム二次電池用負極活物質、およびリチウム二次電池 |
US14/261,059 US9012082B2 (en) | 2004-03-08 | 2014-04-24 | Negative active material for a rechargeable lithium battery, a method of preparing the same, and a rechargeable lithium battery comprising the same |
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