KR20020009956A - Apparatus and method for waste water processing contain heavy metal and a pollutant non decomposition - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a wastewater treatment method containing hardly degradable contaminants and heavy metals.

The present invention discloses that wastewater introduced into the sedimentation screen tank is passed through a relay pump tank, a flow adjusting tank and a homogenizing tank, and harmful substances such as acid, base, and heavy metals are removed, and the amount, quality, concentration, composition ratio and acidity, temperature of pollutant-producing substances are removed. Is kept constant and the physicochemical pretreatment process of smoothly mixing with the air supply of the blower to discharge to a certain amount of waste water; Biological treatment of safely dissolving soluble organic substances pumped in the homogenizer into the microbial culture tank into CO ₂ and H ₂ O; Wastewater flowed from the microbial culture tank was passed through PH adjusting tank, oxidation reaction tank, PH neutralization tank, flocculation tank, and solid-liquid separation sedimentation tank, and hydrogen peroxide was catalyzed by reaction with iron salt and oxygen (including air and ozone). A chemical oxidation process of oxidatively decomposing organic matter, color, and odor of waste water as a chemical component and separating and discharging it from a solid-liquid separation sedimentation tank;

Accordingly, there is an advantage in that the hardly decomposable organic substances, colors, odors and heavy metals in the waste water are completely and simply treated.

Description

Wastewater treatment method and apparatus containing non-degradable pollutants and heavy metals {APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR WASTE WATER PROCESSING CONTAIN HEAVY METAL AND A POLLUTANT NON DECOMPOSITION}

The present invention relates to a wastewater treatment method and apparatus containing hardly degradable contaminants and heavy metals, and more particularly, to a physicochemical pretreatment process that can promote the growth and degradation of microorganisms, or to provide a high concentration of oxygen. Wastewater treatment method and apparatus for completely removing and purifying hardly degradable contaminants, colors, odors and heavy metals in the wastewater through treatment, chemical oxidation treatment with OH radicals, or a combination thereof. will be.

In general, in the industrial sector, pollutants are becoming increasingly difficult to decompose due to the emergence of new chemicals, such as new raw materials and various catalysts, from small-volume production systems with low quality to small-scale production systems. In addition, the treatment of pollutants cannot be processed by conventional wastewater treatment methods, and environmental pollution is threatening human health and property conservation as well as natural ecosystems. There is a great demand.

In particular, wastewaters discarded in general industrial fields contain various pollutants, and methods of treating them are a complex combination of physical treatment, biological treatment, and chemical treatment that have been appropriately combined to suit the characteristics of wastewater. The public law has been adopted, but due to many problems, it has not been operated successfully. Therefore, the environmental pollution is not expected to be improved.

In other words, in the physical treatment step, the waste water stays in the flow regulating tank for a predetermined time, and the quantity and quality and concentration distribution of the waste water are uniformly distributed and then passed to the subsequent step.

Wastewater that has undergone such a physical treatment step is purified through a biological treatment step and a chemical treatment step or a chemical treatment step and a biological treatment step or one of them.

In the biological treatment step, the air is injected into the wastewater to supply oxygen in the air to the dissolved oxygen required for the respiration of the microorganisms, thereby increasing the propagation rate of the microorganisms and maximizing the purification rate of the wastewater due to the decomposition of contaminants by more microorganisms. Let's do it.

In addition, in the chemical treatment step, a single substance such as sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ O ₂ ), ozone (O ₃ ), and the like is added to the wastewater to oxidize contaminants contained in the wastewater.

However, such a general wastewater treatment method has been circulated to the next step only by quantitative control by the flow control tank in the physical treatment step, and also as the chemical treatment step, sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ O). ₂ ), since ozone (O ₃ ), etc. has been used using a single component, it has reached its limit as a method for treating hard-degradable pollutants by new chemicals.

In addition, the biological treatment step is a situation that is predominantly various variations based on the standard activated sludge method using aerobic microorganisms. Biological treatments that rely on aerobic microorganisms have limitations in purifying contaminants, such as lack of absolute amounts of microorganisms, oxidative degradation, and conversion from beneficial microorganisms to unfavorable microorganisms if the microorganisms cannot maintain optimal conditions for microbial growth. Will result.

Therefore, there are many disadvantages that cannot be expected to maximize the purification rate of increasingly difficult degradable contaminants without improving the physical, biological and chemical treatment methods.

As a conventional method for supplementing this, it is known from Republic of Korea Patent No. 145467 (name: dyeing wastewater treatment method and apparatus).

According to the patent No. 145467, the residence time of the wastewater is extended to ensure homogeneity of the wastewater, and a high concentration of pure oxygen is added to increase the dissolved oxygen amount, thereby ensuring sufficient dissolved oxygen amount for respiration of the microorganism. The characteristics of the wastewater, such as physical treatment, biological treatment, or chemical treatment, are used to maximize breeding and to fully oxidize difficult-degradable contaminants in raw water by Fenton oxidation. It adopts a combination processing method according to the combination.

According to the patent No. 145467, a physical treatment step of uniformly controlling the quality and concentration of the waste water by circulating the waste water discharged irregularly in the quantity and quality and concentration of the contaminant in a homogenous tank and by circulating uniformly, the physical The wastewater discharged from the treatment step is filled into the reactor, and the wastewater filled in the reactor is supplied with high concentrations of pure oxygen to activate the propagation of microorganisms and then distributed, and the wastewater introduced in the biological treatment step is used to remove hydrogen peroxide and iron salt. It is oxidized by the fenton oxidation method used, and the chemical treatment step of oxidatively decomposing the hardly degradable contaminants contained in the waste water with sludge, and solidifying and purifying the sludge from the wastewater introduced in the chemical treatment step. Wastewater and sludge depending on sedimentation of wastewater and solidified sludge It consists of a solid-liquid separation step to discharge the dyeing wastewater.

However, in the conventional dyeing wastewater treatment method as described above, the physical treatment step is provided with a homogeneous tank and a flow adjusting tank to uniformly regulate the quality and concentration of the wastewater and to control the flow rate, but the conditions for the growth of microorganisms such as the amount of pollutants, Not only do not maintain the quality, concentration, composition ratio, pH, temperature, etc., but also has a problem that does not block the inflow of solid organic materials, such as microorganisms can not decompose in advance.

In the biological treatment step, a reaction tank, an oxygen generator, and a plurality of bubbler tubes were provided to enable the multiplication of microorganisms by supplying high concentrations of pure oxygen, thereby securing more microorganisms. It is not possible to process the wastewater smoothly even if any of the various methods including the standard activated sludge method are not adopted because the treatment conditions of the wastewater are not established.

In addition, in the chemical treatment step, the oxidized degradable pollutants were oxidized by the Fenton oxidation method using hydrogen peroxide and iron salt. However, even if the biological treatment step, which is the previous step, is formed under optimum conditions, the treatment capacity by microorganisms is limited. It is ready. In particular, microorganisms are susceptible to decomposition of COD pollutants and decomposition of color and odor pollutants. Therefore, the chemical treatment method is adopted. As the Fenton oxidation method described above, it is difficult to decompose organic pollutants and colors due to the generation of new chemicals. And not only does not remove the odor components sufficiently, the conditions are not formulated to match the exact injection ratio of the required chemicals according to the amount and quality of the pollutant has a problem that can not be expected to maximize the purification effect.

Therefore, the wastewater treatment method and apparatus for treating wastewater at a lower cost in terms of treatment cost while treating the above problems, and the wastewater containing hardly decomposable organic substances, colors, and heavy metals in terms of efficiency are more completely purified. It is desirable to provide a wastewater treatment method and apparatus.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to maintain the environmental conditions required for the growth of microorganisms optimally to secure more microorganisms, and to difficult to decompose the inflow of solid organic substances that microorganisms cannot decompose in advance The present invention provides a wastewater treatment method and apparatus containing heavy metals and heavy metals. The wastewater treatment method and apparatus are equipped with a micro screen, a flow control tank, a cooling unit, and a homogeneous tank to maintain the conditions for the growth of microorganisms, and Complex treatment method combining physicochemical pretreatment, biological treatment, or chemical oxidation treatment to control acid, basicity, and oxidative heavy metals and heavy metals in complex salt at the same time. Characterized in that adopted.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a wastewater treatment method and apparatus containing hardly decomposable pollutants and heavy metals to remove soluble hardly decomposed organic pollutants and color and odor components which microorganisms cannot decompose. The device is designed to remove dissolved organically decomposable organic substances, colors and odors by a strong oxidative reaction called OH radicals generated by reacting iron salts with oxygen or iron salts with air or iron salts with ozone. It features.

That is, the present invention is characterized in that the physicochemical pretreatment process, which complements and improves the conventional physical treatment step and the chemical treatment step, is adopted as a pretreatment step in order to smooth the biological process and the chemical oxidation process.

Therefore, as described above, the biological treatment step may be smoothly processed by adopting any of various methods including the standard activated sludge method.

1 to 5 is a configuration diagram showing a first embodiment provided in the description of the wastewater treatment apparatus containing a hardly degradable contaminants and heavy metals according to the present invention,

1 is a view showing a process of wastewater treatment containing the hardly degradable contaminants and heavy metals,

2 is a block diagram showing a wastewater treatment apparatus containing the hardly degradable contaminants and heavy metals,

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a physicochemical pretreatment apparatus in a wastewater treatment apparatus containing the hardly degradable contaminants and heavy metals of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a biological treatment apparatus in a wastewater treatment apparatus containing the hardly degradable contaminants and heavy metals of FIG. 2,

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a chemical oxidation treatment apparatus in a wastewater treatment apparatus containing the hardly degradable contaminants and heavy metals of FIG.

Figure 6 is a second embodiment showing the process of wastewater treatment containing hardly decomposable pollutants and heavy metals according to the present invention,

7 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of a wastewater treatment apparatus containing hardly decomposable pollutants and heavy metals according to the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: sedimentation screen tank 11: sedimentation screen tank

14 relay pump tank 17 flow rate adjustment tank

19: fine screen 21: cooling device

23: homogenizer 100: physicochemical pretreatment device

200: biological treatment device 300: chemical oxidation treatment device

Wastewater treatment method containing hardly degradable contaminants and heavy metals according to an aspect of the present invention for achieving the above objects, (1) wastewater introduced into the sedimentation screen tank is subjected to a relay pump tank, a flow control tank and a homogeneous tank And harmful substances such as acids, bases and heavy metals are removed, and the quantity, quality, concentration, composition ratio, acidity, and temperature of pollutants are kept constant, and they are mixed with the air supply of the blower and discharged into a certain amount of wastewater. Chemical pretreatment; (2) Safely decomposes the soluble organic substances pumped in the homogenizer into the microbial culture tank into CO ₂ and H ₂ O, and cleans the sludge of the decomposed soluble organic substances by separating them from the settling tank and purifying them. Activating biological processes; And (3) reacting the wastewater introduced from the microbial culture tank through a pH adjusting tank, an oxidation reaction tank, a pH neutralizing tank, a flocculating tank, and a solid-liquid separation precipitation tank using hydrogen peroxide as an iron salt and oxygen or iron salt and air or iron salt and ozone as a catalyst. A chemical oxidation process of oxidatively decomposing the hardly decomposable organic matter, color, and odor of the wastewater by the chemical composition of the OH radicals resulting from the reaction, and separating the solid material from the treated wastewater by solid-liquid separation in a solid-liquid separation sedimentation tank; The physicochemical pretreatment, biological treatment, chemical oxidation treatment in order to treat the wastewater.

Preferably, the pH adjustment step of adjusting the acidity and basicity within a predetermined range for the optimum conditions of the microbial growth in the immersion screen tank, heavy metals to remove the heavy metals and complex salts contained in the waste water using a liquid chelating agent Characterized by including the insolubilization reaction step.

Optionally, the optimum range of acidity and basicity is a neutral range, characterized in that the acidity is at least pH 4.5 and the basicity is at most pH 9.5.

Optionally, in the flow rate adjusting tank and the homogeneous tank, the allowable fluctuation range of the flow rate, quality, concentration, and composition ratio of the pollutant-inducing substance does not exceed ± 15%.

Optionally, the liquid chelating agent is bondable

It is characterized by that.

According to the wastewater treatment method containing the hardly decomposable pollutants and heavy metals according to another aspect of the present invention, (1) the waste water introduced into the sedimentation screen tank sequentially passes through the relay pump tank, the flow adjustment tank and the homogeneous tank, Physicochemical pretreatment to remove bases and heavy metals, and to maintain a constant amount, quality, concentration, composition ratio, acidity, and temperature of pollutants, and to mix them smoothly with an air supply of a blower to discharge them to a certain amount of wastewater; (2) the wastewater introduced from the homogeneous tank undergoes a pH adjustment tank, an oxidation reaction tank, a pH neutralization tank, a flocculation tank, and a solid-liquid separation precipitation tank to react with hydrogen peroxide as iron salt and oxygen or iron salt and air or iron salt and ozone as catalysts. Chemical oxidation treatment to oxidatively decompose difficult-decomposable organic matter, color, and odor of wastewater by chemical constituents of the obtained OH radicals, and to separate and discharge solid matter and treated wastewater in a solid-liquid separation sedimentation tank; And (3) safely dissolving the soluble organic material pumped from the coagulation tank into the microbial culture tank into CO ₂ and H ₂ O, and purifying the sludge of the decomposed soluble organic material by solid-liquid separation in the settling tank and breeding of microorganisms. A biological process of activating and releasing it; The physicochemical pretreatment, chemical oxidation treatment, biological treatment is in order to treat the wastewater.

According to the wastewater treatment apparatus containing hardly degradable contaminants and heavy metals according to the present invention, a physical and chemical pretreatment apparatus, a biological treatment apparatus, and a chemical oxidation treatment apparatus are provided.

The physicochemical pretreatment device,

(1) a sedimentation screen tank provided with a sedimentation screen for removing the soil and impurities entering with the waste water; (2) a relay pump tank for temporarily retaining the wastewater introduced through the partition wall in the immersion screen tank and transferring the wastewater to the next step by a pumping action of the relay pump; (3) Stir the wastewater pumped from the relay pump tank by the blower of the first blower to prevent corruption, and maintain and manage the amount of the wastewater constantly so that a predetermined amount of wastewater is passed through the first transfer pump. A flow adjustment tank for supplying to the stage; (4) while controlling the fluctuation of the quality, concentration and composition ratio of the wastewater within a certain range while stirring the wastewater pumped from the flow regulating tank by the blowing of the second blower, and controlling the predetermined amount of wastewater through the second transfer pump. A homogenizing bath to be supplied;

The biological treatment device,

(1) a microbial culture tank for activating propagation of microorganisms by agitating the wastewater pumped in the homogeneous tank of the physicochemical pretreatment device with air blown from a third blower; And (2) an activated sludge settling tank for precipitating wastewater introduced from the microbial culture tank and returning part of the wastewater to the microbial culture tank to react with the microorganism;

The chemical oxidation treatment device,

(1) a pH adjusting tank for maintaining the wastewater introduced from the activated sludge settling tank of the biological treatment device for a predetermined time and dissolving the wastewater by the action of air and agitator generated in the fourth blower to satisfy oxidation conditions; (2) The wastewater overflowed through the pH adjustment tank is retained for a predetermined time, and the remaining wastewater is stirred by oxygen (including air, ozone, etc.) and agitator of the fourth blower to prevent poorly degradable organic pollution. An oxidation reactor for oxidatively decomposing substances, colors, and odors; (3) A pH automatic controller which maintains the pH of the wastewater in neutral to meet the discharge standard while maintaining the wastewater overflowed through the partition wall of the oxidation reactor for a predetermined time and stirring the retained wastewater through a stirrer. PH neutralization tank having; (4) a flocculation tank for injecting flocculant into the wastewater overflowed through the partition wall of the pH neutralization tank and absorbing the hardly decomposable contaminants of the wastewater while settling and separating the wastewater; And (5) solid-liquid sedimentation tank for solidifying the sedimentation improved in the flocculation tank and solid-liquid separation from the treated wastewater to discharge the supernatant into the treated water, and the sedimentation-separated solids withdraw the solid material. .

Preferably, the immersion screen tank is equipped with a pH automatic controller for automatically adjusting the acid and alkali, and an oxidation, reduction potential automatic measuring controller for processing insolubilization of heavy metals using a liquid chelating agent.

Optionally, characterized in that it further comprises a fine screen is installed in the wastewater path between the relay pump tank and the flow rate adjustment tank to filter the organic matter components of small particles introduced into the flow rate adjustment tank by the pumping action of the relay pump.

Preferably, the apparatus further comprises a cooling device installed in the wastewater passage between the flow rate adjusting tank and the homogeneous tank to maintain the temperature of the wastewater introduced by the pumping action of the first transfer pump within a predetermined range and to discharge the wastewater into the homogeneous tank. It is done.

Optionally, the fluctuation range of the quality, concentration, composition ratio of the wastewater in the homogeneous tank is controlled to within at least ± 15%.

Preferably, the residence time of the wastewater in the pH adjustment tank is characterized in that less than about 30 minutes.

Optionally, the residence time of the wastewater in the oxidation reactor is characterized in that it is within about 30 to 150 minutes depending on the characteristics of the wastewater.

Preferably, the pH adjusting tank and the coagulation tank, respectively, characterized in that the pH automatic regulator for adjusting the pH of the wastewater with acid.

Preferably, it is characterized in that it further comprises an oxidation, reduction potential automatic measuring controller is installed in the oxidation reaction tank to measure and control the decomposition reaction of organic matter, color, odor.

Optionally, the flow rate adjusting tank for adjusting the flow rate and the homogeneous tank for adjusting the quality, concentration and adjustment ratio of the wastewater are characterized in that the unitary structure.

In this way, physicochemical pretreatment is adopted to maintain optimal conditions at all stages of the biological treatment process to promote the growth and degradation rate of microorganisms in the biological treatment process. It can be seen that the wastewater is treated by a combined treatment method by adopting a chemical oxidation process that exhibits a strong oxidative power by OH radicals generated by using a catalyst as a method of using an oxidant.

As a result, by adopting physicochemical pretreatment at all stages of biological treatment or chemical treatment, the biological treatment and chemical treatment efficiency can be maximized, and oxygen (air) can be used in the oxidizing agent without using oxidizing agent alone by chemical oxidation treatment. , Ozone, etc.) and iron salts (including iron chlorides, iron sulfates, and other iron compounds) as catalysts, have the advantage of completely and simply treating difficult-decomposable organic substances, colors, odors and heavy metals in waste water.

And, there may be a plurality of embodiments of the present invention, the following will be described in detail for the most preferred embodiment.

Through this preferred embodiment, the objects, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description with an embodiment according to the present invention in connection with the accompanying drawings shown for illustrative purposes.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings it will be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the wastewater treatment method and apparatus containing hardly decomposable pollutants and heavy metals according to the present invention.

In addition, in each figure used for description, the same component may be attached | subjected, and may show the same number, and the overlapping description may be abbreviate | omitted.

1 is a view showing a process of wastewater treatment containing hardly decomposable pollutants and heavy metals according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a block diagram showing a wastewater treatment apparatus containing the hardly decomposable pollutants and heavy metals, Figure 3 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a physicochemical pretreatment apparatus in a wastewater treatment apparatus containing the hardly degradable contaminants and heavy metals of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a biological treatment apparatus in the wastewater treatment apparatus containing the hardly degradable contaminants and heavy metals of FIG. 2. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a chemical oxidation treatment apparatus in a wastewater treatment apparatus containing the hardly degradable contaminants and heavy metals of FIG. 2, and FIG. 6 is a hardly degradable contaminant and heavy metals according to the present invention. Figure 2 is a second embodiment showing the process of wastewater treatment containing.

Refractory wastewater treatment process according to the present invention is a physicochemical pretreatment (ST100) and biological treatment (ST200) and chemical oxidation treatment (ST300), or as shown in Figure 6, as shown in FIG. ST100), chemical oxidation treatment (ST300) and biological treatment (ST200).

In Figures 1 and 6, the physicochemical pretreatment process (ST100) secures and activates a large amount of beneficial microorganisms to maximize the decomposition of the hardly decomposable organic pollutants contained in the wastewater and to form conditions for the mass reaction of chemical treatment. In order to maintain uniformity by minimizing the variation in quality, concentration, and composition ratio, and to maintain the optimal conditions for the removal of harmful substances and biological treatment, solid state organic matter (VSS) which is not decomposable by microorganisms It serves to block the inflow.

In addition, the wastewater discharged from the physicochemical pretreatment process (ST100) is a step of decomposing organic pollutants in a dissolved state through a biological treatment process (ST200). The method is acceptable.

In addition, the first and second treated wastewater discharged from the physicochemical pretreatment process (ST100) or biological treatment process (ST200) is hardly decomposed by the chemical equivalent reaction and difficult to decompose the remaining pollutants and the color and odor are chemically oxidized. It is removed in the process ST300.

Meanwhile, in order to treat wastewater through the physicochemical pretreatment process (ST100), biological treatment process (ST200), and chemical oxidation treatment process (ST300) of the wastewater treatment method containing the hardly degradable contaminants and heavy metals as shown in FIG. The same physicochemical pretreatment device 100 and biological treatment device 200 and chemical oxidation treatment device 300 is required.

3 is a physicochemical pretreatment apparatus 100 required for treating wastewater through the physicochemical pretreatment process (ST100).

As shown in FIG. 3, the physicochemical pretreatment device 100 includes a sedimentation screen 11 for removing soil and contaminants introduced with wastewater, a first pH automatic regulator 12, and a first oxidation and reduction potential automatic measuring regulator. 13 is provided with a sedimentation screen tank 10, and the waste water overflowed through the partition wall (W) in the sedimentation screen tank 10 temporarily stays, and a certain amount of wastewater by the pumping action of the relay pump 16 Pump pump 14 having a first level controller 15 for transporting to the next stage, and wastewater pumped by a predetermined amount from the relay pump tank 14 through the relay pump 16 to the first injector 18a. By the blowing of the first blower (18) injected from the) to prevent corruption and to maintain and manage the amount of wastewater introduced into the second level controller (21a) constantly through the first transfer pump (20) Flow tank with fine screen 19 to supply a certain amount of waste water Cooling apparatus 21 for maintaining the temperature of the wastewater pumped from the tank 17 and the flow rate adjustment tank 17 through the first transfer pump 20 within a predetermined range, and the wastewater introduced from the cooling apparatus 21 While stirring by the blowing of the second blower 22 and the second injector 22a to adjust the fluctuation range of the quality, concentration, and composition ratio of the wastewater within a certain range, and the predetermined amount of wastewater through the second transfer pump 24 It is composed of a homogeneous tank 23 having a third level controller 25 for feeding in stages.

In addition, the biological treatment apparatus 200 for biologically treating wastewater through the biological treatment process (ST200) is shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 4, the biological treatment apparatus 200 activates the breeding of microorganisms by the air blown from the third blower 27 and the third sprayer 27a by the wastewater pumped from the homogenizer 23. It consists of a microorganism culture tank 26, and an activated sludge settling tank 28 for precipitating wastewater introduced from the microbial culture tank 26 and returning part of the wastewater to the microbial culture tank 26 to react with the microorganisms.

In addition, the chemical oxidation treatment apparatus 300 for chemically treating the wastewater through the chemical oxidation treatment process (ST300) is shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 5, the chemical oxidation treatment apparatus 300 retains the wastewater introduced from the activated sludge settling tank 28 for a predetermined time and generates the wastewater from the fourth blower 30 and the fourth injector 30a. Having a second pH automatic regulator 41 which dissolves under the action of the prepared oxygen (including air, ozone, etc.) and the first stirrers 36 and 36a driven by the first motor 31 to satisfy the oxidation conditions. The wastewater overflowed through the pH adjusting tank 29 and the partition wall of the pH adjusting tank 29 is retained for a predetermined time, and the retained waste water is discharged from the fourth blower 30 and the fourth injector 30a ( Air, ozone, etc.) and second and third stirrers 37 and 37a (38 and 38a) driven by the third and third motors 32 and 33 to stir and decompose organic pollutants. An oxidation tank 29a having a second oxidation and reduction potential automatic measuring controller 42 for oxidatively decomposing chromaticity and odor, and an oxidation tank 29a. The wastewater overflowed through 44 is retained for a predetermined time, and the pH of the wastewater is discharged while stirring the retained wastewater through fourth agitators 39 and 39a driven by a fourth motor 34. A coagulant is introduced into the wastewater overflowed through the pH neutralization tank 29b having the third pH automatic regulator 43 and the pH neutralization tank 29b overflowed through the partition wall to maintain neutrality according to the standard. Agglomeration tank 29c for absorbing the hardly degradable contaminants of the wastewater and sedimenting and segregating while stirring through the fifth agitators 40 and 40a driven by the motor 35, and settling properties in the agglomeration tank 29c are improved. The solid material is separated into the treated wastewater and the solid solution, and the symbol water is discharged into the treated water through the pipe 46a, and the sedimented solid material is composed of the solid-liquid separation sedimentation tank 46 which draws out the removal through the withdrawal pipe 46b. do.

As such, the wastewater treatment apparatus containing the hardly degradable contaminants and heavy metals according to the present invention, including the configured physicochemical pretreatment apparatus 100, the biological treatment apparatus 200, and the chemical oxidation treatment apparatus 300, is further described below. It demonstrates concretely.

First, when the wastewater containing a large amount of pollutants enters the sedimentation screen tank 10 of the physicochemical pretreatment apparatus 100, the sedimentation screen and the sediment and the soil and sediment and Blocking solid organic pollutants with good sedimentation properties before they enter the relay pump tank 14 to prevent the closure of pipelines and waterways, to prevent volume reduction of structures by process by sedimentation, and to prevent contamination of solid organic pollutants. It prevents the increase of load, wear and close of equipment, and makes the operation of the plant smooth.

At this time, the first pH automatic regulator 12 of the immersion screen tank 10 injects acid and alkali into the immersion screen tank 10 in a safe range. In other words, the product production process uses acids and bases for any purpose. However, the optimum range of acid and base of the microorganism is the neutral range, and if the acidity is rapidly changed to pH 4.5 or lower and the pH is higher than pH 9.5, the microorganisms will die and affect the chemical reaction. Therefore, in the immersion screen tank 10, this risk can be prevented in advance by controlling the acid and alkali to be injected from the danger range to the safe range by the first pH automatic regulator 12. In addition, the first oxidation, reduction potential automatic measuring regulator 13 provided in the immersion screen tank 10 is a heavy metal is discharged by using a catalyst for improving the quality and reaction of the product during the production process, the waste water, Heavy metals treated by the oxidation reaction and heavy metals treated by the reduction reaction are present in a mixed state, which makes it difficult to treat. In such mixed state, the complex metal salts form complexes that cannot be treated by general chemical reactions. However, in the sedimentation screen tank 10 of the present invention, any heavy metals can be combined in any state by the first oxidation and reduction potential automatic measuring controller 13. By using an inexpensive liquid chelating agent, which is a major raw material, it has a function of completely insolubilizing the heavy metal which is harmful to microorganisms and destroys the environment so as not to be re-dissolved.

In this way, the sedimentation screen is removed from the immersion screen tank 10, the acid and the base are neutralized, and the wastewater in which the heavy metal is reacted with the safe material overflows through the partition wall W and flows into the relay pump tank 14.

Here, the relay pump tank 14 is a structure in which temporary wastewater is retained in order to relay the wastewater introduced from the sedimentation screen tank 10 to the next treatment plant facility, and a relay pump having an inlet pipe 16a and an outlet pipe 16b ( 16) is installed, and the water level automatic control device such as the first level controller 15 for controlling the operation of the relay pump 16 so that the waste water can be safely transported.

The waste water transported by the pumping action of the relay pump 16 is filtered through the fine screen 19 installed in the flow regulating tank 17 and is introduced into the flow regulating tank 17. Here, the role of the microscreen 19, the process of decomposing organic contaminants by the microorganism is that the cells first adsorb the organic material through the cell membrane, the decomposition proceeds to change the organic material to carbon gas and water. Therefore, in order for the contaminant to pass through the cell membrane, the contaminant cannot pass through the cell membrane because the contaminant cannot pass through the cell membrane. Therefore, the solid organic pollutant (VSS) is transferred to the microbial culture tank 26 of the biological processing apparatus 200 which will be described later. Before the inflow should be blocked in advance through the micro-screen (19).

However, the sedimentation screen (11) of the sedimentation screen tank 10 is a device for removing large solids of contaminants, the small particulate organic material (VSS) component is impossible to remove. Therefore, it is possible to separate and remove the above materials only by a fine screen having a narrow screen spacing. Such a screen device is preferably a device such as a disk type, a vibration type, a drum type, or a hydrostatic type.

Meanwhile, the wastewater through the fine screen 19 is treated in the flow adjusting tank 17. That is, in the flow adjusting tank 17, it is absolutely necessary that the allowable fluctuation range of the flow rate does not exceed ± 15% together with the quality, concentration, and composition ratio, whether biological treatment or chemical treatment. If the overload and the poor load occur frequently, the microorganisms are difficult to adapt to the environment, and thus the decomposition ability is lost. In the chemical oxidation process (ST300), the balance of large amounts of reactions is broken and accurate decomposition reactions are not achieved. I can't.

Therefore, the maintenance of the flow adjustment tank 17 always maintains a low water level to secure a capacity to act as a buffer when the flow rate increases rapidly, and continuously supplies a predetermined amount to the next process even if the flow rate decreases rapidly. Minimum capacity must be ensured to make this possible.

Therefore, air must be supplied to the flow rate adjusting tank 17 by the first blower 18 having the first injector 18a in order to prevent the accumulation of solids and the decay of contaminants. Automatic level adjustment, such as a first transfer pump 20 having an inlet pipe 20a and an outlet pipe 20b and a second level controller 21a for controlling the driving of the first transfer pump 20 according to the water level for supply. The device must be installed.

The waste water conveyed by the first transfer pump 20 of the flow rate adjustment tank 17 is introduced into the homogenization tank 23 after being adjusted to a constant temperature range through the cooling device 21.

That is, aerobic microorganisms are classified into low temperature bacteria, mesophilic bacteria and high temperature bacteria depending on the temperature adaptation range. Generally, bacteria used for aerobic microorganisms are actively grown in the range of 30 ^O C to ± 5 ^O C. Mesophilic bacteria are used.

Therefore, when the temperature changes, the microbial type is changed from the beneficial microorganism to the unfavorable microorganism due to the change of the proliferation environment, and the oxygen used for respiration by the microorganism uses dissolved oxygen. Speed is proportional to pressure and inversely proportional to temperature. In other words, the higher the pressure, the faster the oxygen melts, and the higher the temperature, the slower the melting.

Therefore, when the high temperature wastewater is introduced, it also affects the microorganism type, but it causes oxygen deficiency, and thus the biological treatment efficiency cannot be expected. do.

The wastewater temperature controlled by the cooling device 21 is introduced into the homogeneous tank 23 where the quality, concentration, composition ratio, etc. are constantly adjusted. In other words, the homogeneous tank 23 is a device that maintains the quality, concentration, and composition ratio of pollutants at a constant level, and generally tends to solve changes in quantity, quality, concentration, and composition ratio simultaneously by increasing the capacity of the raw water tank. Is wrong. This is because the function of quantity control and control of quality, concentration and composition ratio is dysfunctional. In order to control the amount, the homogenization tank 23 must maintain a low water level to secure a free capacity to buffer the inflow amount when a large amount of waste water is introduced, and the homogenization tank 23 always maintains the full water level so that the homogenization tank 23 is maintained. Even when the wastewater is filled with the wastewater, the quality, concentration, and composition ratio are diluted even when the malignant wastewater is rapidly changed.

Generally, if the fluctuation range of quality, concentration, and composition ratio exceeds ± 15%, microorganisms lose their application focus, and they are useless devices that cannot function even if the microbial culture tank (aeration tank) 26 is excellent. Will be.

And by supplying air by the second blower 22 having the second injector (22a) to prevent the decay of contaminants in the homogeneous tank 23 and to achieve a smooth mixing to maximize the homogeneous effect, In other words, a second transfer pump 24 having an inlet tube 24a and an outlet tube 24b for transferring to the microbial culture tank 26 of the biological processing apparatus 200 and the second transfer pump according to the water level ( It is desirable to provide a water level automatic control device such as the third level controller 25 that controls the driving of the device 24.

Here, the flow adjusting tank 17 for adjusting the flow rate and the homogeneous tank 23 for adjusting the quality, concentration and composition ratio may be separated or in a single structure, and the order of the physicochemical pretreatment device 100 is wastewater. Depending on the nature of the order may be different.

Meanwhile, in the pretreatment process, that is, the physicochemical pretreatment process (ST100), microbial toxic substances are removed by acid, base, and heavy metals, and the quantity, quality, concentration, and composition ratio are kept constant, and the oxygen concentration and temperature are kept constant. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, the microorganisms in the microbial culture tank (aeration tank) 26 of the biological treatment apparatus 200 are vigorously active and the degradation rate is improved. As a result, it is possible to secure a large amount of microorganisms, and as the amount of microorganisms increases, it will decompose many pollutants. Therefore, if the pretreatment conditions are well maintained, the microbial culture tank 26 and the activated sludge settling tank 28 in the biological treatment will not have any difficulty. The decomposed treated symbol water is discharged into the treated water through a pipe 28d and is discharged to the next step of chemical oxidation treatment (ST300), and a part of the settled sludge is cultured again through discharge pipes 28a and 28b. It enters the tank 26 and the remainder of the sludge is discarded through the withdrawal pipe 28c.

As described above, if the quantity, quality, concentration, and composition ratio are constant in the physicochemical pretreatment process (ST100), no matter how degradable contaminants, the most important equivalent reaction in the chemical oxidation process (ST300) will not be difficult.

However, these hardly decomposable pollutants cannot be treated by chemical treatment, which is a general hydroxide coagulation precipitation method using aluminum and iron salts, and can not rely on redox treatment, but they are also common oxidants such as sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and ozone ( O ₃ ), hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ 0 ₂ ), such as a single component of the chemical alone does not proceed to efficient oxidative decomposition.

Therefore, when hydrogen peroxide with excellent oxidizing power on these substances is reacted with iron salt and oxygen or iron salt and air or iron salt and ozone as a catalyst, it is difficult to decompose by a chemical component exhibiting a strong oxidizing power called OH (OH radical). Organic matter, color and odor are oxidatively decomposed.

As such, when only the oxidant is used as a single component without the catalyst, organic matter, color, and odor components are selectively decomposed, and the decomposition rate is low, and thus cannot be adopted as a treatment method.

In this way, the hydrogen peroxide oxidation process using the catalyst dissolves the catalyst and adjusts the pH adjustment tank 29, the oxidation reaction tank 29a, the pH neutralization tank 29b, the coagulation tank 29c, and the solid-liquid separation precipitation tank to decompose organic matter, color, and odor. (46) is required.

The catalyst dissolution and pH adjusting tank 29 is a wastewater introduced from the active sludge settling tank 28 of the biological treatment apparatus 200 or the homogenization tank 23 of the physicochemical treatment apparatus 100 for a predetermined time. After staying, it is discharged by satisfying the oxidation conditions.

That is, in the catalyst dissolution and oxidation method in the pH adjusting tank 29, since the reaction rate is faster as the pH is stronger, hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid and other acidic chemicals are added to form an OH (OH radical) from hydrogen peroxide while adjusting the pH to acid. In order to promote the reaction, iron salts (iron chloride, iron sulfate, and other iron compounds) are dissolved in the wastewater, and oxygen (including air and ozone) is blown into the third blower to accelerate the oxidation reaction and reduce the consumption of expensive hydrogen peroxide. Promote reaction by supplying through 30 and 3rd injector 30a, the 1st stirrer 36 and 36a which are driven by the 1st motor 31 for mixing and raising dissolution rate, and adjusting input amount, and mixing by stirring. After the oxidation condition is satisfied through the second pH automatic regulator 41, the solution is introduced into the oxidation reaction tank 29a through the partition wall.

When the oxidation reaction tank 29a dissolves the catalyst and the wastewater that satisfies the oxidation conditions in the pH adjusting tank 29 is introduced with an appropriate amount of hydrogen peroxide, the hydrogen peroxide is dissolved by catalysts such as oxygen (including air and ozone) and iron salt that are dissolved in advance. The generation of OH (OH radicals) having the ability to strongly oxidatively decompose chromatic and odors with poorly degradable organic pollutants results in the completion of the oxidative decomposition reaction to purify the wastewater.

At this time, the residence time of the wastewater in the oxidation reaction tank 29a is somewhat different depending on the contaminants, but the proper residence time is approximately 30 to 150 minutes.

The iron salt used as a catalyst in this process becomes iron hydroxide and precipitates as a solid.

In addition, the second and third driven by the second and third motors 32 and 33 while supplying oxygen through the fourth blower 30 and the fourth injector 30a in order to increase the efficiency of the reaction and solid condensation. Agitators 37, 37a (38, 38a) are mixed, and a second oxidation and reduction potential automatic measuring controller 42 is installed to confirm the degree of reaction.

The waste water oxidized and decomposed in the oxidation reaction tank 29a is overflowed through the partition wall 44 to pass through the pH neutralization tank 29b. In the pH neutralization tank 29b, the waste water is adjusted to a strong acid to promote the rapid reaction of the waste water. In order to adjust the pH to neutral to meet the discharge standard, the alkaline agent is reacted, and in order to maintain the pH at all times, the third pH automatic regulator 43 is installed and driven by the fourth motor 34. 4 Stirrers (39) (39a) are installed and stirred and mixed to promote rapid reaction to maintain pH neutrality.

The waste water neutralized in the pH neutralization tank 29b overflows through the partition wall and flows into the agglomeration tank 29c.

In the agglomeration tank 29c, iron salt is used as a catalyst in the oxidation reaction tank 29a, so that it is oxidized by hydrogen peroxide to form a solid substance as iron hydroxide, absorbing pollutants by electrical characteristics and adsorption capacity, and sedimentation separation. In this process, in order to increase the sedimentation rate, a flocculant is added to adjust the size of the solid material, and then discharged into the solid-liquid separation sedimentation tank 46 through the discharge pipe 45. At this time, the flocculant and the wastewater are smoothly mixed by the agitation of the fifth agitators 40 and 40a driven by the fifth motor 35.

On the other hand, in the solid-liquid separation sedimentation tank 46, the solid material having improved sedimentation in the flocculation tank 29c is separated from the treated wastewater and solid-liquid so that the symbolic water is discharged into the treated water through the discharge pipe 46a and the sedimented solid material is withdrawn. By withdrawing and removing through the pipe 46b, the whole process is completed and the color and the hardly decomposable organic substances (BOB, COD) in the waste water are purified.

In addition, while specific embodiments of the present invention have been described and illustrated above, it is obvious that the present invention may be variously modified and implemented by those skilled in the art.

Such modified embodiments should not be individually understood from the technical spirit or the prospect of the present invention, and such modified embodiments should fall within the appended claims of the present invention.

According to the method and apparatus for treating wastewater containing hardly degradable contaminants and heavy metals of the present invention, which are evident from the above description, biological and chemical treatments can be achieved by adopting a physicochemical pretreatment step in a biological treatment or a chemical treatment step. In addition to maximizing efficiency, the chemical oxidation treatment method does not use oxidants alone, but uses oxygen (including air, ozone, etc.) and iron salts as catalysts for oxidizing agents, making it difficult to dissolve degradable organic substances, colors, odors and heavy metals in waste water. It has the effect of being simply processed.

Claims (19)

(1) Wastewater flowing into the sedimentation screen tank is passed through a relay pump tank, a flow control tank and a homogenizer to remove harmful substances such as acids, bases and heavy metals, and the quantity, quality, concentration, composition ratio, acidity, and temperature of pollutants are constant. Physicochemical pretreatment process, which is maintained in a stable manner, and smoothly mixes them with an air supply of a blower and discharges them to a predetermined amount of wastewater; (2) Safely decomposes the soluble organic material pumped from the homogenizer into the microbial culture tank into CO ₂ and H ₂ O, and cleans the sludge of the decomposed soluble organic material by solid-liquid separation from the settling tank to purify the growth of microorganisms. Activating biological processes; And (3) The wastewater introduced from the microorganism culture tank passes through a pH adjusting tank, an oxidation reaction tank, a pH neutralization tank, a flocculation tank, and a solid-liquid separation precipitation tank, and reacts with the chemical component of the OH radical obtained by reacting hydrogen peroxide with iron salt and oxygen as a catalyst. Chemical oxidation treatment to oxidatively decompose the hardly decomposable organic matter, color and odor of the wastewater, and to solidify and discharge the solid matter and the treated wastewater from the solid-liquid separation sedimentation tank; The wastewater treatment method containing hardly decomposable pollutants and heavy metals, characterized in that the wastewater is treated in the order of the physicochemical pretreatment, biological treatment, and chemical oxidation treatment. The method according to claim 1, (1) pH adjustment step of adjusting the acidity and basicity within a certain range for the optimum conditions of the microbial growth in the salivary screen tank; And (2) a wastewater treatment method containing hardly decomposable pollutants and heavy metals, comprising a heavy metal insolubilization removal step of removing heavy metals and complex salts contained in the waste water using a liquid chelating agent. The method according to claim 2, The optimum range of the acidity and basicity is a neutral range, wherein the acidity is pH 4.5 or more, and the basicity is pH 9.5 or less. The method according to claim 2, The liquid chelating agent is capable of binding Wastewater treatment method containing a hardly decomposable pollutant and a heavy metal. The method according to claim 1, The wastewater treatment method containing hardly decomposable pollutants and heavy metals, characterized in that, in the flow rate adjusting tank and the homogeneous tank, the allowable fluctuation range of the flow rate, quality, concentration, and composition ratio of the pollutant-inducing substance does not exceed ± 15%. The method according to claim 1, In the chemical oxidation treatment, the wastewater treatment method containing hardly decomposable pollutants and heavy metals, characterized in that the hydrogen peroxide is reacted with iron salt and air as a catalyst. The method according to claim 1, In the chemical oxidation treatment, the wastewater treatment method containing hardly decomposable pollutants and heavy metals, characterized in that the hydrogen peroxide reacts with the iron salt and ozone as a catalyst. (1) Wastewater flowing into the sedimentation screen tank is passed through a relay pump tank, a flow control tank and a homogenizer to remove harmful substances such as acids, bases and heavy metals, and the quantity, quality, concentration, composition ratio, acidity, and temperature of pollutants are constant. Physicochemical pretreatment process, which is maintained in a stable manner, and smoothly mixes them with an air supply of a blower and discharges them to a predetermined amount of wastewater; (2) By the chemical composition of the OH radicals obtained by reacting the hydrogen peroxide with iron salt and oxygen as a catalyst while the wastewater introduced from the homogeneous tank passes through a pH adjusting tank, an oxidation reaction tank, a pH neutralization tank, a flocculation tank and a solid-liquid separation precipitation tank. Chemical oxidation treatment to oxidatively decompose the organic matter and color and odor of the wastewater and to discharge the solid matter and the treated wastewater by solid-liquid separation in a solid-liquid separation sedimentation tank; And (3) Safely decomposes the soluble organic material pumped from the flocculation tank into CO ₂ and H ₂ O, and cleans the sludge of the decomposed soluble organic material by solid-liquid separation in the settling tank, and breeds the microorganisms. Biological processes that activate and release; The wastewater treatment method containing hardly decomposable pollutants and heavy metals is characterized in that the wastewater is treated in the order of the physicochemical pretreatment, chemical oxidation, and biological treatment. Physical and chemical pretreatment device, biological treatment device, chemical oxidation treatment device, The physicochemical pretreatment device, (1) a sedimentation screen tank provided with a sedimentation screen for blocking the inflow of soil and contaminants contained in the waste water; (2) a relay pump tank for temporarily holding the wastewater flowing through the partition wall in the immersion screen tank and transferring a predetermined amount of wastewater to the next step by the pumping action of the relay pump; (3) Stir the wastewater pumped from the relay pump tank by the blower of the first blower to prevent corruption, and maintain and manage the amount of the wastewater constantly so that a predetermined amount of wastewater is passed through the first transfer pump. A flow rate adjusting tank for supplying to the stage; (4) while controlling the fluctuation of the quality, concentration and composition ratio of the wastewater within a certain range while stirring the wastewater pumped from the flow regulating tank by the blowing of the second blower, and controlling the predetermined amount of wastewater through the second transfer pump. A homogenizing bath to be supplied; The biological treatment device, (1) a microbial culture tank for activating propagation of microorganisms by agitating the wastewater pumped in the homogeneous tank of the physicochemical treatment apparatus with air blown from a third blower; And (2) an activated sludge settling tank for precipitating wastewater flowing from the microbial culture tank and returning part of the wastewater to the microbial culture tank to react with the microorganism; The chemical oxidation treatment device, (1) a pH adjusting tank for retaining the wastewater introduced from the activated sludge settling tank of the biological treatment device for a predetermined time and dissolving the wastewater by agitation between the air generated in the fourth blower and the stirrer and satisfying oxidation conditions; (2) The wastewater overflowed through the partition of the pH adjustment tank is retained for a predetermined time, and the wastewater is oxidized to decomposable organic pollutants, colors and odors by stirring the air generated from the fourth blower and the stirrer. An oxidation reactor for decomposing; (3) having a pH automatic regulator which maintains the pH of the wastewater to be neutral to meet the discharge standard while the wastewater overflowed through the partition wall of the oxidation reactor is kept for a predetermined period of time and the remaining wastewater is stirred with a stirrer. pH neutralization tank; (4) a flocculation tank for injecting flocculant into the wastewater overflowed through the partition wall of the pH neutralization tank and absorbing the hardly decomposable contaminants of the wastewater while settling and separating the wastewater; And (5) difficult to decompose, characterized in that it comprises a solid-liquid separation sedimentation tank to separate the solid material with improved sedimentation in the flocculation tank and the solid-liquid separated from the treated wastewater to the treated water and the sedimented solid material withdraw the removal Wastewater treatment equipment containing pollutants and heavy metals. The method according to claim 9, The pH control device for automatically adjusting the acid and alkali in the immersion screen tank, and the oxidation and reduction potential automatic measurement regulator for processing insolubilization of heavy metals using a liquid chelating agent, characterized in that the degradable pollutants and heavy metals Wastewater treatment device containing. The method according to claim 9, The non-degradable pollutants and heavy metals are installed in the wastewater passage between the relay pump tank and the flow regulating tank, and further include a fine screen for filtering wastewater of small particles introduced into the flow regulating tank by the pumping action of the relay pump. Containing wastewater treatment apparatus. The method according to claim 9, It is installed in the waste water passage between the flow rate adjustment tank and the homogenization tank further comprises a refrigeration device for maintaining the temperature of the waste water introduced by the pumping action of the first transfer pump within a predetermined range to discharge to the homogenization tank Wastewater treatment equipment containing pollutants and heavy metals. The method according to claim 12 I containing a decomposable contaminants and heavy metals the waste water treatment apparatus as characterized in that the temperature is within ± 30 ^{O O} C in the C 5 range of the waste water. The method according to claim 9, Retention time of the waste water in the pH adjustment tank is about 30 minutes, characterized in that wastewater treatment apparatus containing hardly degradable contaminants and heavy metals. The method according to claim 9, Retention time of the waste water in the oxidation reaction tank is a wastewater treatment apparatus containing hardly decomposable pollutants and heavy metals, characterized in that within about 30 to 150 minutes depending on the characteristics of the waste water. The method according to claim 9, The apparatus for treating wastewater containing hardly decomposable pollutants and heavy metals, characterized in that the variation in the quality, concentration and composition ratio of the wastewater in the homogeneous tank is controlled within at least ± 15%. The method according to claim 9, The pH control tank and the flocculation tank, each of which is equipped with a pH automatic regulator for adjusting the pH of the waste water to acid, characterized in that the waste water treatment apparatus containing a hard-degradable contaminants and heavy metals. The method according to claim 9, It is installed in the oxidation reaction tank and waste water treatment apparatus containing a hard metal decomposable pollutants and heavy metals further comprises an oxidation, reduction potential automatic measuring regulator for measuring the decomposition reaction of organic matter, color, odor. The method according to claim 9, The flow rate adjusting tank for adjusting the flow rate and the homogeneous tank for adjusting the quality, concentration, and adjustment ratio of the waste water are composed of a single structure, wastewater treatment apparatus containing hardly decomposable pollutants and heavy metals.