KR20010114175A - 다공성 벽 로에서의 연소 - Google Patents
다공성 벽 로에서의 연소 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20010114175A KR20010114175A KR1020010034995A KR20010034995A KR20010114175A KR 20010114175 A KR20010114175 A KR 20010114175A KR 1020010034995 A KR1020010034995 A KR 1020010034995A KR 20010034995 A KR20010034995 A KR 20010034995A KR 20010114175 A KR20010114175 A KR 20010114175A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- oxidant
- fuel
- furnace
- stream
- combustion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 51
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 flue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
- F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
- F23M5/085—Cooling thereof; Tube walls using air or other gas as the cooling medium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/235—Heating the glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/235—Heating the glass
- C03B5/2353—Heating the glass by combustion with pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air, e.g. using oxy-fuel burners or oxygen lances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/42—Details of construction of furnace walls, e.g. to prevent corrosion; Use of materials for furnace walls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
- F23C7/02—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
- F23C9/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber the recirculation taking place in the combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
- F23M5/06—Crowns or roofs for combustion chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories or equipment, e.g. dust-collectors, specially adapted for hearth-type furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories or equipment, e.g. dust-collectors, specially adapted for hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/22—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
- F27D1/003—Linings or walls comprising porous bricks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
- F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (13)
- a) 로 가스의 대기를 함유하는 연소 구역을 제공하는 단계;b) 저속의 산화제 스트림을 다공성 벽의 하나 이상의 산화제 주입 측면을 통해 연소 구역 내로 주입시키는 단계;c) 연료 스트림을 산화제 주입 측면으로 지향된 하나 이상의 연료 주입 측면을 통해 연소 구역 내에 주입시키는 단계;d) 저속의 산화제 스트림과 연료 스트림을 연소 구역 내에서 혼합시켜 불꽃 온도가 감소된 불꽃을 생성시키는 단계를 포함하여, 다공성 벽을 갖는 로에서의 연소를 수행시키는 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 산화제 스트림을 600SCFH /ft2미만의 고유 유량으로 산화제 주입 측면을 통해 통과시키는 것을 포함함을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 연료 스트림을 산화제 스트림으로부터 일정 거리를 두고 통과시켜 산화제 스트림이 연소 이전에 로 가스의 재순환 흐름과 혼합되게 하는 것을 포함함을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 산화제 스트림을 로의 루프(roof)를 통해 통과시키고 연료스트림을 로의 하나 이상의 측벽을 통해 통과시키는 것을 포함함을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 막 물질을 사용하여 공기를 분리시키고 산화제를 로 내로 통과시키는 것을 포함함을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 혼합 구역에서 로 가스를 산화제 스트림과 혼합시켜 희석된 산화제-로 가스 혼합물을 생성시킨 후, 연료를 혼합시켜 불꽃을 생성시키는 것을 추가로 포함함을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 로 가스를 연료 스트림과 혼합시켜 희석된 연료-로 가스 혼합물을 생성시킨 후, 산화제와 혼합시켜 불꽃을 생성시키는 것을 추가로 포함함을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- a) 로 가스의 대기를 함유하는 연소 구역을 제공하는 단계;b) 저속의 연료 스트림을 다공성 벽의 하나 이상의 연료 주입 측면을 통해 연소 구역 내로 주입시키는 단계;c) 산화제 스트림을 연료 주입 측면으로 지향된 하나 이상의 산화제 주입 측면을 통해 연소 구역 내에 주입시키는 단계;d) 희석된 연료와 산화제 혼합물을 혼합시켜 불꽃 온도가 감소된 불꽃을 생성시키는 단계를 포함하여, 다공성 벽을 갖는 로에서의 연소를 수행시키는 방법.
- 제 8항에 있어서, 연료 스트림을 600SCFH/ft2미만의 고유 유량으로 연료 주입 측면을 통해 통과시키는 것을 포함함을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 8항에 있어서, 산화제 스트림을 연료 스트림으로부터 일정 거리를 두고 통과시켜 연료 스트림이 연소 이전에 로 가스의 재순환 흐름과 혼합되게 하는 것을 포함함을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 8항에 있어서, 연료 스트림을 로의 루프를 통해 통과시키고 산화제 스트림을 로의 하나 이상의 측벽을 통해 통과시키는 것을 포함함을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 8항에 있어서, 혼합 구역에서 로 가스를 산화제 스트림과 혼합시켜 희석된 산화제-로 가스 혼합물을 생성시킨 후, 연료를 혼합시켜 불꽃을 생성시키는 것을 추가로 포함함을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 8항에 있어서, 로 가스를 연료 스트림과 혼합시켜 희석된 연료-로 가스 혼합물을 생성시킨 후, 산화제와 혼합시켜 불꽃을 생성시키는 것을 추가로 포함함을 특징으로 하는 방법.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/598,159 | 2000-06-21 | ||
US09/598,159 US6398546B1 (en) | 2000-06-21 | 2000-06-21 | Combustion in a porous wall furnace |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR20010114175A true KR20010114175A (ko) | 2001-12-29 |
KR100653029B1 KR100653029B1 (ko) | 2006-11-30 |
Family
ID=24394473
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020010034995A Expired - Fee Related KR100653029B1 (ko) | 2000-06-21 | 2001-06-20 | 다공성 벽 노에서의 연소 방법 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6398546B1 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP1167880A1 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR100653029B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN100467987C (ko) |
BR (1) | BR0102484A (ko) |
CA (1) | CA2351053A1 (ko) |
OA (1) | OA12297A (ko) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7168269B2 (en) * | 1999-08-16 | 2007-01-30 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Gas injection for glass melting furnace to reduce refractory degradation |
US6699029B2 (en) | 2001-01-11 | 2004-03-02 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Oxygen enhanced switching to combustion of lower rank fuels |
US20020127505A1 (en) | 2001-01-11 | 2002-09-12 | Hisashi Kobayashi | Oxygen enhanced low nox combustion |
US6699031B2 (en) | 2001-01-11 | 2004-03-02 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | NOx reduction in combustion with concentrated coal streams and oxygen injection |
US6699030B2 (en) | 2001-01-11 | 2004-03-02 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Combustion in a multiburner furnace with selective flow of oxygen |
US6702569B2 (en) | 2001-01-11 | 2004-03-09 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Enhancing SNCR-aided combustion with oxygen addition |
WO2003098105A1 (en) | 2002-05-15 | 2003-11-27 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Combustion with reduced carbon in the ash |
MXPA04011343A (es) * | 2002-05-15 | 2005-02-14 | Praxair Technology Inc | Composicion baja en nox. |
US20070231761A1 (en) * | 2006-04-03 | 2007-10-04 | Lee Rosen | Integration of oxy-fuel and air-fuel combustion |
WO2016141362A1 (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2016-09-09 | Clearsign Combustion Corporation | BURNER WITH REDUCED NOx OUTPUT FROM A NITROGEN-CONTAINING FUEL |
CN105258111B (zh) * | 2015-10-22 | 2017-07-25 | 太原理工大学 | 多孔壁风耦合空气分级的煤粉燃烧炉 |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US494365A (en) * | 1893-03-28 | Machine for attaching sweats and bands to hats | ||
FR1183569A (fr) * | 1957-09-30 | 1959-07-09 | Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech | Pièces poreuses en béton pour insufflation dirigée d'un fluide |
GB1365675A (en) * | 1970-09-10 | 1974-09-04 | British Ceramic Service Co Ltd | Method and means for controlling heat transfer through a structu re |
US3840344A (en) | 1972-06-06 | 1974-10-08 | Chemothermic Ind Inc | Carbon black production |
US4162187A (en) * | 1974-05-09 | 1979-07-24 | The Mead Corporation | Process for production of sodium thiosulfate and sodium hydroxide |
GB2206575B (en) * | 1987-07-09 | 1992-01-02 | Glaverbel | Spherulizing furnace and process of manufacturing vitreous beads |
US4948365A (en) * | 1989-05-24 | 1990-08-14 | Zond Systems, Inc. | High-temperature, gas-burning furnace |
US5076779A (en) * | 1991-04-12 | 1991-12-31 | Union Carbide Industrial Gases Technology Corporation | Segregated zoning combustion |
JP2774918B2 (ja) * | 1993-04-30 | 1998-07-09 | 品川白煉瓦株式会社 | 焼却炉側壁構造 |
US5458672A (en) * | 1994-06-06 | 1995-10-17 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Combustion of sulfur released from sulfur bearing materials |
US5609481A (en) | 1995-06-13 | 1997-03-11 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Direct-fired stratified atmosphere furnace system |
WO1997004274A1 (de) * | 1995-07-20 | 1997-02-06 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Verfahren zur verbrennung von thermisch zu behandelnden stoffen |
DE19636588A1 (de) * | 1996-09-10 | 1998-03-12 | Lottermoser Manfred | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Formkörpern aus Sinterglas |
US6231641B1 (en) * | 1998-02-12 | 2001-05-15 | Kennecott Utah Copper Corporation | Enhanced phase interaction at the interface of molten slag and blister copper, and an apparatus for promoting same |
-
2000
- 2000-06-21 US US09/598,159 patent/US6398546B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-06-20 CN CNB011219343A patent/CN100467987C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-06-20 BR BR0102484-1A patent/BR0102484A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-06-20 CA CA002351053A patent/CA2351053A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-06-20 KR KR1020010034995A patent/KR100653029B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-06-20 EP EP01114996A patent/EP1167880A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-06-21 OA OA1200200390A patent/OA12297A/en unknown
-
2002
- 2002-06-03 US US10/162,459 patent/US6652271B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6398546B1 (en) | 2002-06-04 |
OA12297A (en) | 2004-06-17 |
BR0102484A (pt) | 2002-02-05 |
EP1167880A1 (en) | 2002-01-02 |
CA2351053A1 (en) | 2001-12-21 |
US20030003414A1 (en) | 2003-01-02 |
CN1329239A (zh) | 2002-01-02 |
KR100653029B1 (ko) | 2006-11-30 |
CN100467987C (zh) | 2009-03-11 |
US6652271B2 (en) | 2003-11-25 |
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