KR102691511B1 - 신규한 조립구상흑연의 제조방법, 이를 이용하여 제조된 조립구상흑연, 및 이를 음극활물질로 포함하는 이차전지 - Google Patents
신규한 조립구상흑연의 제조방법, 이를 이용하여 제조된 조립구상흑연, 및 이를 음극활물질로 포함하는 이차전지 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 본 발명의 조립구상흑연 제조방법 실시예 2에 의하여 제조된 조립구상흑연 입자 집합체의 SEM이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 조립구상흑연 제조방법 비교예 5에 의하여 제조된 조립구상흑연 입자 집합체의 SEM이다.
도 4는 본 발명의 조립구상흑연 제조방법 비교예 6에 의하여 제조된 조립구상흑연 입자 집합체의 SEM이다.
도5는 본 발명의 조립구상흑연 제조방법 실시예 1에 의하여 제조된 조립구상흑연 입자의 FIB이다.
도 6은 본 발명의 조립구상흑연 제조방법 실시예 1에 의하여 제조된 조립구상흑연 입자 단면의 TEM이다.
도 7은 도 6의 조립구상흑연 입자 단면 중 일부를 확대한 TEM이다.
도 8은 도 7의 조립구상흑연 입자 단면의 일부를 더욱 확대한 TEM이다.
도 9는 도 8의 조립구상흑연 입자 단면의 일부를 더욱 확대한 TEM이다.
구상흑연 전구체 원료 투입량(kg) |
표면처리공정 | 열처리온도 (1차 → 2차) |
|
실시예 1 | 천연흑연 : 100 바인더 : 20 |
습식표면처리 (피치 : 30, 용매 : 270) |
1000℃ → 2400℃ |
실시예 2 | 천연흑연 : 100 바인더 : 20 |
습식표면처리 (피치 : 30, 용매 : 270) |
1000℃ → 2600℃ |
비교예 1 | 천연흑연 : 100 바인더 : 20 |
습식표면처리 (피치 : 20, 용매 : 270) |
1000℃ → 2400℃ |
비교예 2 | 천연흑연 : 100 바인더 : 20 |
습식표면처리 (피치 : 10, 용매 : 270) |
1000℃ → 2400℃ |
비교예 3 | 천연흑연 : 100 바인더 : 20 |
습식표면처리 (피치 : 30, 용매 : 270) |
1000℃ → 2000℃ |
비교예 4 | 천연흑연 : 100 바인더 : 20 |
습식표면처리 (피치 : 30, 용매 : 270) |
1000℃ |
비교예 5 | 천연흑연 : 100 바인더 : 20 |
습식표면처리 (피치 : 40, 용매 : 360) |
비고 1 |
비교예 6 | 천연흑연 : 100 바인더 : 20 |
건식표면처리
(피치 : 30) |
1000℃ → 비고 2 |
비교예 7 | 구상흑연 :100 |
습식 표면 처리
(피치 10) |
1000℃ → 2400℃ |
조립구상흑연 | ||||||||
Pore volume (cc/g) |
Pore size (nm) |
입도 (D50)㎛ |
비표면적 (m2/g) |
d002 (Å) |
0.2C의 초도 방전용량 (mAh/g) |
3C의 초도 방전용량 (mAh/g) |
출력특성 (고출력 특성) (3C/0.2C, %) |
|
실시예 1 | 0.0054 | 17.52 | 15.1 | 1.24 | 3.355 | 355 | 345 | 97.2% |
실시예 2 | 0.0052 | 15.92 | 15.1 | 1.40 | 3.355 | 357 | 346 | 96.9% |
비교예 1 | 0.0145 | 22.66 | 15.3 | 6.74 | 3.355 | 348 | 323 | 92.8% |
비교예 2 | 0.0255 | 32.35 | 14.9 | 8.01 | 3.358 | 343 | 315 | 91.8% |
비교예 3 | 0.0064 | 18.10 | 14.8 | 1.44 | 3.365 | 336 | 310 | 92.3% |
비교예 4 | 0.0121 | 18.92 | 14.8 | 2.61 | 3.384 | 349 | 301 | 86.2% |
비교예 5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
비교예 6 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
비교예 7 | 0.01143 | 21.34 | 12.6 | 2.12 | 3.355 | 345 | 223 | 64.6% |
Claims (12)
- (a) 인편상의 천연흑연 및 피치를 각각 미분화하는 단계(‘천연흑연 및 피치 각각의 미분화 단계’);
(b) 상기 (a) 단계의 미분화된 천연흑연에 바인더의 혼합하여 조립구상 전구체 형성 단계(‘조립구상 전구체 형성 단계’);
(c) 상기 (b) 단계에서 형성된 조립구상 전구체에 상기 (a) 단계의 미분화된 피치와 용매를 혼합하여 조립구상흑연 복합체를 제조하는 단계(‘조립구상흑연 복합체 제조 단계’);
(d) 상기 (c) 단계의 조립구상흑연 복합체를 800℃ 내지 1100℃에서 1차 열처리하는 단계(‘1차 열처리 단계’);
(e) 상기 (d) 단계의 1차 열처리 후, 다시 2,100℃ 내지 2,700℃의 온도에서 2차로 열처리하여 조립구상흑연을 얻는 단계(‘2차 열처리 단계’); 및
(f) 상기 (e) 단계의 2차 열처리로 얻어진 조립구상흑연을 분급하여 최종 조립구상흑연 입자를 얻는 단계(‘분급 단계’);를 포함하며,
상기 (c) 단계의 ‘조립구상흑연 복합체 제조 단계’에서의 상기 미분화된 피치의 사용량은 상기 (a) 단계의 미분화된 천연흑연 100 중량부 당 25 중량부 내지 35 중량부이고,
상기 용매의 사용량은 상기 (a) 단계의 미분화된 천연흑연 100 중량부 당 100 중량부 내지 400 중량부인 것을 특징으로 하는, 조립구상흑연의 제조방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 (b) 단계는, i) 상기 (a) 단계의 ‘미분화된 천연흑연’에 ‘바인더’를 혼합하는 미분화된 천연흑연 및 바인더의 혼합 단계;
ii) 상기 i)의 혼합 단계로부터 얻어진 혼합물로부터 조립구상 전구체의 형성 단계; 및
iii) 상기 ii)의 조립구상 전구체의 형성 단계에서 얻어진 조립구상 전구체를 건조하는 단계;로 구분되며,
상기 i) 단계의 미분화된 천연흑연 및 바인더의 혼합 단계에서 상기 바인더의 사용량은 상기 미분화된 천연흑연 100 중량부 당 15 내지 25 중량부이고,
상기 ii)의 조립구상 전구체를 형성 단계는, 상기 i)의 혼합 단계의 혼합물을 조립 구상화 장비에 투입 후, 선속도 3,500m/min 내지 6,000m/min, 100초 내지 5000초의 시간 동안 조립구상 가공을 하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 조립구상흑연의 제조방법. - 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 (f) 단계의 ‘분급 단계’로 얻어진 조립구상흑연 입자는, 입자 평균 입도(D50)가 18 ㎛ 이하이고,
상기 조립구상흑연 입자의 비표면적은 2.0 m2/g 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는, 조립구상흑연의 제조방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 (f) 단계의 ‘분급 단계’로 얻어진 조립구상흑연 입자는,
상기 조립구상흑연 입자 내부 기공의 부피(Pore volume)는 0.006 cc/g 이하이며,
상기 조립구상흑연 입자 표면의 기공 크기(Pore size)는 18.0 nm 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는, 조립구상흑연의 제조방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 (f) 단계의 ‘분급 단계’로 얻어진 조립구상흑연 입자는, 조립구상흑연 입자의 결정화도를 나타내는 d002(흑연 층간 거리)가 3.36Å 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는, 조립구상흑연의 제조방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 (b) 단계의 피치는 ‘석유계 피치’, ‘석탄계 피치’, 또는 ‘고분자 수지’이고,
상기 (b) 단계의 바인더는 ‘탄화수소계 오일’, ‘실리콘계 오일’, ‘식물성 오일’, ‘트리글리세리드’, 또는 이들의 혼합물인 것을 특징으로 하는, 조립구상흑연의 제조방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 (a) 단계인 ‘천연흑연 및 피치 각각의 미분화 단계’에서
천연흑연은, 평균 입경 5 ㎛ 내지 500 ㎛의 입자를 평균 입경 1 ㎛ 내지 10 ㎛로 미분화하고,
피치는, 평균 입경이 20 mm 이하의 입자를 평균 입경 1 ㎛ 내지 10 ㎛로 미분화하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 조립구상흑연의 제조방법. - 제1항 내지 제8항 중 어느 한 항의 조립구상흑연의 제조방법으로 제조한 것을 특징으로 하는, 조립구상흑연
- 제9항의 조립구상흑연을 음극활물질로 사용하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 이차전지
- 제10항에 있어서,
상기 이차전지의 고속 충방전 특성(고출력 특성, 3C/0.2C, %)이 95% 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는, 이차전지 - 제11항의 이차전지는 자동차용 전지인 것을 특징으로 하는, 이차전지
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US20250109024A1 (en) | 2025-04-03 |
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WO2023224177A1 (ko) | 2023-11-23 |
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