KR102675014B1 - Pottery manufacturing method using the slit technique - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing pottery using a splitting technique, which includes a primary molding step of making a molded body by kneading a base mixed with kaolin, with a thickness of 1.5 to 2 centimeters; removing moisture on the surface of the molded body using a blade; A step of directly removing surface moisture; A pattern forming step of forming a pattern by striking the surface of the molded body using natural materials including wood and stones; A silicate soda application step of applying silicate soda to the molded body on which the pattern is formed; The application step A secondary molding step of expanding and molding the molded body that has undergone the primary firing; A primary firing step of firing the secondary molded molded body at 900 to 950° C.; A secondary firing step of non-firing the molded body that has undergone the primary firing. It is characterized by

Description

Pottery manufacturing method using the slit technique{.}

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing pottery using a splitting technique, and more specifically, to a method of manufacturing pottery using a splitting technique using soda silicate after designing pottery using natural materials such as wood and stone.

In general, pottery can be classified in various ways according to the type of clay, molding process, firing process and firing temperature, type of glaze or decoration technique, name of production area, and use. There are classifications based on clay components and firing results, such as celadon, white porcelain, pottery, and bone porcelain (this is also related to the development history of porcelain), and classifications based on glaze or decoration methods include flower-and-gold celadon, blue-and-white porcelain, Cheonmok, etc. There are names such as Jinsa and Cheolhwa.

Depending on the firing temperature, it can be classified into soft porcelain, hard porcelain, etc., and depending on the firing method, it is also called by names such as chlorine firing, lacquering, open-air firing, and wood kiln firing. Depending on the use, it is used for tableware, sanitaryware, and tiles. It is also divided into industrial ceramics such as insulators, electronic components, and chemical containers.

The manufacturing process of ceramics can generally be divided into preparation of small clay, molding, drying, firing, glazing, and vegetarianism.

1. Preparation of small clay: When making it with one raw material, you can grind the dried small clay well and knead it well using an appropriate amount of water, but when using two or more raw materials, a mixing aid is required. There are two types of methods: dry and wet, and the appropriate method is selected depending on the nature of the raw materials, processing method, purpose of use, etc.

2. Forming: There are four important forming methods for ceramics: jiggering, casting, plastic forming by extruding, and pressing.

Among them, potter's wheel molding is a method of molding with a potter's wheel using clay beaten in a vacuum potter. There are hand wheel molding and mechanical wheel molding. Hand wheel molding involves placing clay on a potter's wheel and shaping it by hand while rotating the wheel. Although this method is rarely used industrially because it is inefficient, it is still widely used in molding crafts. The mechanical potter's wheel involves placing clay in a plaster mold and rotating the potter's wheel to mold it between the mold and spatula. It is the most commonly used method for manufacturing tableware and containers. Aside from using a mechanical wheel, this method also requires a lot of manual labor, and the automatic mechanical wheel method, which mechanizes the entire process by automating the operations from top dressing to complete molding, has recently been adopted.

3. Drying: The molded product must be dried to remove moisture to give it the strength necessary for re-entering the kiln and to make firing quickly and without risk. The first step in drying the molded product is the removal of water, which acts as a lubricant for the clay particles. Evaporation of water occurs on the surface. The gaps between clay particles are irregular, but are made of capillaries, so the water inside moves to the surface through these capillaries and continues to evaporate.

4: Siyu (施釉): Glaze is also called yu, and applying glaze to the base is called Siyu or glaze. The purpose of glazing is to increase the aesthetic decorative effect by giving the surface of the material a gloss to make it more beautiful and stand out, to prevent contamination by smoothing the surface, and to increase resistance to water or chemicals by eliminating absorbency. To further increase the aesthetic effect, carve on the material, use coloring to paint pictures, letters, or other colors (called sketches, base drawings, or patterns) before applying the glaze, or use paint on the glaze. Vegetarian methods using colored oils or vegetables (pictured above) are used.

When the glaze is applied to an object and fired, it melts and adheres to the material. If it does not match the expansion or contraction rate of the material, cracks may form or the glaze may fall off. Depending on the melting temperature, it is broadly classified into soft oil and light oil. Soft oil is widely used in pottery, and in particular, glazes containing a lot of lead that melts at low temperatures are called lead glazes and are widely used in pottery and earthenware. Light oil is mainly used for porcelain, and opaque oil is used by appropriately mixing arsenic acid, antimony, tin, zinc, titanium, bone ash, etc. depending on the purpose. Colored oil is a glaze that is colored by adding an appropriate amount of inorganic pigments such as cobalt, chromium, iron, copper, nickel, manganese, etc., which act as inorganic pigments in all glazes. Celadon oil and cinnabar oil are also types of colored oils.

5. Vegetarianism: Vegetarian methods for pottery include ① decorative molding method of the base material, ② method using colored paper, ③ method using vegetarian food on the entire surface or part of the base material, ④ method using glaze, ⑤ method using sketch, and ⑥ method using glaze. There is a method of coloring, ⑦ a vegetarian method on oil, etc. These various methods are used alone or in combination. Among these, the most widely used are the vegetable under-the-oil method, the vegetable-under-the-oil method, and the coloring method. Since these are all decorations using color, the colors used are the most important. occupies In factories with a modernized mass production system, the transfer method using transfer paper is popular.

6. Firing: Firing is the most important step in the manufacturing process of ceramics, and there are some differences depending on conditions such as base material, glaze, shape, size, use, or type of kiln, fuel, firing temperature, flame, etc.

Meanwhile, the opening technique is a technique for forming opening patterns on ceramics, and a technique using soda silicate, which is announced in the Korean Intellectual Property Office Registered Patent Gazette (B1) under registration number 10-0508854, is known. The above opening pattern formation technology using sodium silicate applies a deflocculant such as soda silicate to a ceramic molded body made of base material, dries it to some extent, and then expands and molds it into the desired shape. The viscosity of the part to which the deflocculant has been applied decreases. As it becomes smaller, the part where deflocculant was not applied becomes smooth, and the part where deflocculant was applied causes cracks to form.

However, the conventional opening technique has a problem in that cracks that occur during expansion molding after applying a deflocculating agent occur regardless of the artist's intention. In other words, the cracks occur naturally during expansion molding, and do not occur as intended by the artist's design. Therefore, the design of the crack is simply a burst appearance, and the above-described prior art has limitations in creating various designs.

In addition, the conventional tearing technique is applied in the process of inflating the molded body, and there has been no case of applying it as a relief method without inflating the molded body.

The present invention was developed to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing ceramics that can design openings in advance using natural materials such as stones and trees.

In addition, it provides a ceramic manufacturing method that can design openings without expanding the molded body itself.

In order to solve the above problems, the method of manufacturing pottery using the splitting technique according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention involves the first molding step in which a molded body is made by kneading a base mixed with kaolin, and the thickness is 1.5 to 2 centimeters. ;A surface moisture removal step of directly removing moisture on the surface of the molded body using a blade; A pattern forming step of forming a pattern by hitting the surface of the molded body using natural materials including wood and stones; Applying silicic acid to the molded body on which the pattern is formed A soda silicate application step of applying soda; A secondary molding step of expanding and molding the molded body that has undergone the application step; A first firing step of firing the secondary molded molded body at 900 to 950° C.; The molded body that has undergone the primary firing It is characterized in that it includes a secondary firing step of non-firing.

In addition, a method of manufacturing pottery using a splitting technique according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a molding step of making a molded body by kneading a base mixed with kaolin; an application step of applying white clay water to the molded body; and kaolin mixed. The base material is kneaded to create a decorative relief molded body, the surface of the decorative relief molded body is struck using a natural material to form a pattern, soda silicate is applied to the decorative relief molded body, the decorative relief molded body is expanded and molded, and a plate is formed. A decorative relief manufacturing step including a process of cutting into shape; A decorative relief adhesion step of adhering the decorative relief to the molded body using clay mixed with the white clay and the base material; A first firing step of firing the molded body at 900 to 950°C; A secondary firing step of non-firing the molded body that has undergone the primary firing.

In addition, after the step of applying the white clay water, a surface flattening step of removing the white clay created on the surface after drying the molded body to the extent that there is no moisture is further included.

In addition, in the step of adhering the decorative relief, the ratio of the white clay, the base material, and water is 1:1:2.

In addition, in the step of adhering the decorative relief, a wet paper wad for volume is further included between the molded body and the decorative relief.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to design the opening in advance using natural materials such as stones and trees.

In addition, it provides a ceramic manufacturing method that can design openings without expanding the molded body itself.

Figure 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing ceramics using a splitting technique according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a photograph of a pattern formed in the pattern formation step according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a photograph of ceramics on which the pattern formation step according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been completed.
Figure 4 is a flowchart of a ceramic manufacturing method using a splitting technique according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a photograph taken of the process of cutting a decorative relief according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 6 is a photograph of a decorative relief according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 7 is a photograph illustrating the use of wet paper in a decorative relief in another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 8 is a photograph of finished ceramics according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The same reference numerals in each drawing indicate the same member.

Figure 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing ceramics using a splitting technique according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 1, the ceramic manufacturing method using the tearing technique according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes the first forming step (S110), the surface moisture removal step (S120), the pattern forming step (S130), and the soda silicate application step. (S140), the second forming step (S150), the first firing step (S160), and the second firing step (S170).

The first forming step (S110) is to create a molded body by kneading the base material. Base material refers to materials such as clay, feldspar, a flux, and quartzite, a durable material, mixed with iron and kaolin (porcelain).

Meanwhile, minimal glaze ingredients are added to the base of the present invention. This is to compensate for the fact that in the case of the present invention, there is no glazing step because it is non-glazing. This can be said to be the difference from other materials.

The precaution in the first forming stage is to make the molded body (cylindrical shape) thick. The thickness of the molded body depends on the size of the ceramic to be produced, but usually has a thickness of 0.5 to 1.0 cm. However, the present invention is characterized by a thick thickness of 1.5 to 2 cm. This is because in the case of the present invention, there is a pattern formation step described later. This is because the surface of the molded body is hit with a stone or the like during pattern formation, so the impacted area becomes thinner. Therefore, taking this into consideration, it is necessary to make it thicker than a normal molded body.

The surface moisture removal step (S120) is a step of removing moisture from the molded body. The molded body that has just completed the first molding step contains a lot of moisture, so it is sticky. In that state, if the pattern forming work described later is carried out, the tool for forming the pattern is excessively stained with soil from the molded body, thereby interfering with the work. Therefore, when the molded body is completed, the moisture on the surface of the molded body is removed with a spatula, etc. If you dry it quickly using a torch, etc., it will easily break while working on the pattern, so it is important to remove only the moisture from the surface with a spatula, etc. without drying it.

The pattern forming step (S130) is a process in which moisture is removed from the surface of the molded body after the surface moisture removal step (S120). One of the purposes of the pattern formation stage is to give the feeling of a zelkova tree (bark). However, the conventional tearing technique creates cracks (openings) by bursting the outside of the molded body coated with deflocculant, but this design could not express the surface of the zelkova tree (bark).

In the present invention, when forming a pattern, the surface of the molded body is struck using stones, wood, etc. When the surface of the molded body is struck, severe areas are dug to a depth of 1cm, and as a result, the thickness of the molded body is reduced to about 0.5cm.

That is, in the present invention, in order to form the pattern, the thickness of the molded body must be thick, the surface must be dry, and the pattern must be struck to a depth of up to 1 cm to express the zelkova wood grain. Figure 2 is a photograph showing the above pattern, and Figure 3 is a photograph of ceramics expressing the pattern.

The soda silicate application step (S140) is a technique used in the past as described above. Sodium silicate is used as a deflocculant. A plocculant is an additive that lowers the viscosity of a suspension by dispersing particles in the suspension, and a chemical that has the opposite effect is called a flocculant. Sodium silicate is also called sodium silicate and is easily available in liquid form on the market. However, in the present invention, sodium silicate is diluted with water, and the ratio is preferably 50 to 70% sodium silicate and 30 to 70% water.

In the second molding step (S150), the molded body coated with the sodium silicate is expanded to form the desired shape. Since the peptizing agent coating layer has a lower viscosity than the non-coating layer, the coating layer cannot keep up with the rate of area expansion of the non-coating layer, resulting in cracks in the coating layer. Then, the grooves made with the zelkova bark pattern are further widened by the deflocculation agent, and as a result, the zelkova tree bark can be perfectly expressed.

The first firing step (S160) is no different from conventional unglazed grilling, and its details are omitted as it is a known technology.

The second firing step (S170) uses pine firewood and is carried out for more than 40 hours in a high temperature environment exceeding 1300°C. In particular, the present invention is characterized by placing the entire molded body in a kiln and applying ash to the surface of the molded body. It is also characterized by an oil-free firing method that does not apply glaze. As shown in Figure 3, the result of completing the firing step above is suitable for expressing natural beauty, although it is somewhat rough and not shiny because it undergoes oil-free firing.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Figure 4 is a flowchart of a ceramic manufacturing method using a splitting technique according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 4, the pottery manufacturing method using the tearing technique according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a forming step (S210), a white clay application step (S220), a surface flattening step (S230), and a decorative relief manufacturing step ( S240), decorative relief adhesion step (S250), first firing step (S260), and second firing step (S270).

The forming step (S210) is to create a molded body by kneading the base material. Base material refers to materials such as clay, feldspar, a flux, and quartzite, a durable material, mixed with iron and kaolin (porcelain).

The white clay water application step (S220) refers to the step of applying white clay water to the surface of the molded body. Since the material contains iron, it is difficult to express color after firing. Therefore, white clay water is applied to express various colors. At this time, the appropriate moisture ratio in the white clay water is 25 to 40%. It is best to apply 2 to 3 coats of white clay water for color development.

The surface flattening step (S230) refers to smoothing the surface of the molded body. After the white clay mud is applied to the surface of the molded body, a solid of the white clay mud is formed on the surface of the molded body, and the surface of the molded body may become uneven. In this case, when the decorative reliefs described later are attached, the adhesive strength may be weakened. Therefore, it is desirable to remove the white clay solidified on the surface of the molded body using a spatula or the like.

Next, the decorative relief manufacturing step (S240) will be explained. In the decorative relief molding step (S240), a decorative relief molding is made by kneading a base mixed with kaolin, the surface of the decorative relief molding is struck using a natural material to form a pattern, and soda silicate is applied to the decorative relief molding. , the decorative relief molded body is expanded and molded, each of which includes a primary molding step (S110), a surface moisture removal step (S120), a pattern forming step (S130), a silicate soda application step (S140), and a second molding step in the preferred embodiment. Since it is the same as the forming step (S150), description is omitted.

After completing the second forming step (S150), the part where the pattern is formed is cut to complete the plate-shaped decorative relief. Figure 5 is a photo showing the decorative relief being cut, and Figure 6 is a photo of the cut decorative relief.

The decorative relief adhesion step (S250) is a process of adhering the decorative relief to the molded body. Here, in order to properly adhere the decorative relief, clay mixed with the white clay and the above material is used as an adhesive. Here, it is advisable to use a 1:1 ratio of white clay and clay. In addition, making the decorative relief a little thinner makes it easier to work with, such as gluing, and is also advantageous for expression, so it is desirable to make it thinner by stretching it.

Meanwhile, paper soaked in water may be placed between the decorative relief and the outer surface of the molded body. It is good to wet the paper and then bundle it up to create a three-dimensional effect. Paper such as newspaper can be used. Figure 7 is a photograph illustrating wet paper being used.

Since the first firing step (S260) and the second firing step (S270) are the same as the first and second firing steps (S160, S170) described above, their description is omitted.

Figure 8 is a photograph of the final finished pottery of another embodiment of the present invention.

Optimal embodiments are disclosed in the drawings and specifications. Although specific terms are used here, they are used only for the purpose of explaining the present invention and are not used to limit the meaning or scope of the present invention described in the claims. Therefore, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and other equivalent embodiments are possible therefrom. Therefore, the true technical protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical spirit of the attached patent claims.

S110: First forming step S120: Surface moisture removal step
S130: Pattern formation step S140: Soda silicate application step
S150: 2nd forming step S160: 1st firing step
S170: Second firing step
S210: Forming step S220: White clay application step
S230: Surface flattening step S240: Decorative relief manufacturing step
S250: Decorative relief adhesion step S260: First firing step
S270: Second firing step

Claims (5)

A molding step of making a molded body by kneading the base mixed with kaolin;
A white clay water application step of applying white clay water to the molded body;
A decorative relief molded body is made by kneading a base mixed with kaolin, the surface of the decorative relief molded body is struck using a natural object to form a pattern, soda silicate is applied to the decorative relief molded body, and the decorative relief molded body is expanded and molded. A decorative relief manufacturing step including cutting into a plate shape;
A decorative relief adhesion step of adhering the decorative relief to the molded body using clay mixed with the white clay and the base material;
A first firing step of firing the molded body at 900 to 950°C;
A method of manufacturing pottery using a slitting technique including a secondary firing step of non-firing the molded body that has undergone the primary firing. In claim 1,
After the white clay application step, a surface flattening step of drying the molded body to the point where there is no moisture and then removing the white clay formed on the surface is a method of manufacturing pottery using a tearing technique, characterized in that it further includes. In claim 1,
A method of manufacturing pottery using a splitting technique, characterized in that, in the step of adhering the decorative relief, a wad of wet paper for volume is further included between the molded body and the decorative relief.
delete delete