KR102457285B1 - 리튬 이차 전지 - Google Patents
리튬 이차 전지 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102457285B1 KR102457285B1 KR1020180005123A KR20180005123A KR102457285B1 KR 102457285 B1 KR102457285 B1 KR 102457285B1 KR 1020180005123 A KR1020180005123 A KR 1020180005123A KR 20180005123 A KR20180005123 A KR 20180005123A KR 102457285 B1 KR102457285 B1 KR 102457285B1
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- active material
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 229910021450 lithium metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910015207 Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002931 mesocarbon microbead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009783 overcharge test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910001228 Li[Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]O2 (NCM 111) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021437 lithium-transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011302 mesophase pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001384 propylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/54—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of silver
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
도 2는 본원 실시예들에 따른 단결정 구조를 갖는 리튬-금속 산화물의 SEM 사진이다.
도 3은 본원 실시예들에 따른 단결정 제2 양극 활물질과 일반적인 양극 활물질의 DSC 평가 데이터이다.
도 4는 본원 실시예에 따른 전지와 비교예에 따른 전지의 과충전 시험 평가 데이터이다.
구분 | 제1 양극 활물질 | 제2 양극 활물질 | 혼합 중량비 | 수명(%) (500cycle) |
관통 결과 |
실시예 1 | 양극 1 | 양극 2 | 80:20 | 92.8% | L3 |
실시예 2 | 양극 1 | 양극 2 | 70:30 | 94.7% | L3 |
실시예 3 | 양극 1 | 양극 2 | 60:40 | 96.0% | L3 |
실시예 4 | 양극 1 | 양극 2 | 50:50 | 97.1% | L3 |
실시예 5 | 양극 1 | 양극 2 | 40:60 | 98.2% | L3 |
실시예 6 | 양극 1 | 양극 2 | 30:70 | 99.1% | L3 |
실시예 7 | 양극 1 | 양극 2 | 20:80 | 99.5% | L3 |
실시예 8 | 양극 1 | 양극 2 | 10:90 | 99.8% | L3 |
비교예1 | 양극 1 | 양극 2' | 90:10 | 75.8% | L5 |
비교예2 | 양극 1 | 양극 2' | 80:20 | 77.1% | L5 |
비교예3 | 양극 1 | 양극 2' | 70:30 | 78.6% | L5 |
비교예4 | 양극 1 | 양극 2' | 60:40 | 79.7% | L5 |
비교예5 | 양극 1 | 양극 2' | 50:50 | 80.7% | L4 |
비교예6 | 양극 1 | 양극 2' | 40:60 | 82.3% | L4 |
비교예7 | 양극 1 | 양극 2' | 30:70 | 83.5% | L4 |
비교예8 | 양극 1 | 양극 2' | 20:80 | 84.7% | L4 |
비교예9 | 양극 1 | 양극 2' | 10:90 | 88.1% | L4 |
비교예10 | 양극 1 | - | - | 98.2% | L5 |
비교예 11 | - | 양극 2 | - | 98.0% | L3 |
Claims (10)
- 양극, 음극, 분리막 및 비수전해액을 포함하고;
상기 양극은 금속 중 적어도 1종이 중심부와 표면부 사이에서 농도 경사 구간을 가지는 제1 양극 활물질, 및 단일 입자 형태를 갖는 제2 양극 활물질을 포함하고,
상기 제1 양극 활물질은 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 제1 리튬-금속 산화물을 포함하고, 하기 화학식 1에서 M1, M2 및 M3 중 적어도 하나는 중심부와 표면부 사이에서 농도 경사 구간을 가지고,
하기 화학식 1에서, M1은 Ni이고 상기 제1 리튬-금속 산화물의 모든 영역에서 0.7≤a≤0.9인, 리튬 이차 전지:
[화학식 1]
LixM1aM2bM3cOy
(화학식 1에 있어서, M1, M2 및 M3은 Ni, Co, Mn, Na, Mg, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ge, Sr, Ag, Ba, Zr, Nb, Mo, Al, Ga 및 B로 이루어진 군에서 선택되며, 0<x≤1.1, 2≤y≤2.02, 0.7≤a≤0.9, 0.1≤b+c≤0.3, 0<a+b+c≤1 임). - 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제2 양극 활물질은 하기 화학식 2로 표시되는 단일 입자 형태를 갖는 제2 리튬-금속 산화물을 포함하는, 리튬 이차 전지:
[화학식 2]
LixNiaCobMncM4dM5eOy
(상기 화학식 2에서, M4은 Ti, Zr, Al, Mg 및 Cr으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 하나 이상의 원소를 포함하고, M5는 Sr, Y, W 및 Mo로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 어느 하나 또는 둘 이상의 원소를 포함하며, 0<x<1.5, 2≤y≤2.02, 0.313≤a≤0.353, 0.313≤b≤0.353, 0.313≤c≤0.3530, 0≤d≤0.03, 0≤e≤0.030, 0.98≤a+b+c≤1.02 임). - 청구항 5에 있어서, 상기 제2 리튬-금속 산화물은 Li1 . 0Ni1 / 3Co1 / 3Mn1 / 3O2 을 포함하는, 리튬 이차 전지.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제2 양극 활물질은 단결정 구조를 갖는, 리튬 이차 전지.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제2 양극 활물질은 DSC 측정 시 320℃ 이상에서 25J/g 이하의 발열 피크를 나타내는, 리튬 이차 전지.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제1 양극 활물질과 제2 양극 활물질의 혼합 중량비는 80:20 내지 10:90인, 리튬 이차 전지.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제1 양극 활물질과 제2 양극 활물질의 혼합 중량비는 50:50 내지 10:90인, 리튬 이차 전지.
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