KR102453325B1 - 전기변색소자 및 이를 포함하는 디스플레이 장치 - Google Patents
전기변색소자 및 이를 포함하는 디스플레이 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102453325B1 KR102453325B1 KR1020200181129A KR20200181129A KR102453325B1 KR 102453325 B1 KR102453325 B1 KR 102453325B1 KR 1020200181129 A KR1020200181129 A KR 1020200181129A KR 20200181129 A KR20200181129 A KR 20200181129A KR 102453325 B1 KR102453325 B1 KR 102453325B1
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- 239000002082 metal nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 164
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 46
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
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- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
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- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VAYOSLLFUXYJDT-RDTXWAMCSA-N Lysergic acid diethylamide Chemical compound C1=CC(C=2[C@H](N(C)C[C@@H](C=2)C(=O)N(CC)CC)C2)=C3C2=CNC3=C1 VAYOSLLFUXYJDT-RDTXWAMCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001101998 Galium Species 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004941 influx Effects 0.000 description 1
- DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);iron(3+);octadecacyanide Chemical compound [Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- -1 oxygen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003351 prussian blue Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013225 prussian blue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009751 slip forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten trioxide Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
- G02F1/1523—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
- G02F1/1525—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material characterised by a particular ion transporting layer, e.g. electrolyte
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/163—Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cells; Circuit arrangements therefor
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 전기변색소자는 서로 대응되어 제공되는 제1 및 제2 전극; 상기 제1 전극 상에 형성되는 전기변색층; 상기 전기변색층과 대응되어 상기 제2 전극 상에 형성되는 이온저장층; 및 상기 전기변색층과 상기 이온저장층 사이에 제공되는 전해질층;을 포함하고, 상기 전기변색층은, 비화학양론적인 금속 산화물이 연속상의 매트릭스를 이루는 전기변색물질막; 및 상기 전기변색물질막 내에 분산된 복수의 금속 나노 입자를 포함할 수 있다.
Description
도 2는 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 금속 산화물의 산화수에 따른 상태별 전기변색물질막의 색상을 설명하기 위한 그림.
도 3은 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 금속 산화물의 산화수에 따른 전기변색물질막의 전기적 특성 및 광학적 특성을 설명하기 위한 그래프.
도 4는 본 발명의 다른 실시예에 따른 디스플레이 장치를 나타낸 개략단면도.
도 5는 본 발명의 또 다른 실시예에 따른 전기변색소자 제조방법을 나타내는 순서도.
110 : 제1 전극 120 : 제2 전극
130 : 전기변색층 131 : 전기변색물질막
132 : 복수의 금속 나노 입자 140 : 이온저장층
150 : 전해질층 160 : 전원부
200 : 디스플레이 장치 210 : 윈드쉴드 또는 윈도우
220 : 디스플레이 광원부 230 : 구동부
Claims (17)
- 서로 대응되어 제공되는 제1 및 제2 전극;
상기 제1 전극 상에 형성되는 전기변색층;
상기 전기변색층과 대응되어 상기 제2 전극 상에 형성되는 이온저장층; 및
상기 전기변색층과 상기 이온저장층 사이에 제공되는 전해질층;을 포함하고,
상기 전기변색층은,
전기변색물질로서 비화학양론적인 금속 산화물이 연속상의 매트릭스를 이루는 전기변색물질막; 및
상기 전기변색물질막 내에 분산된 복수의 금속 나노 입자를 포함하며,
상기 복수의 금속 나노 입자의 전체 질량은 상기 금속 산화물의 전체 질량의 0.01 내지 10 %이고,
상기 금속 산화물은 상기 금속 산화물의 금속에 대한 화학양론적 산소의 양보다 많은 양의 산소를 포함하는 전기변색소자. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 금속 산화물은 텅스텐 산화물을 포함하는 전기변색소자. - 청구항 2에 있어서,
상기 금속 산화물은 WO3+x (0 < x ≤ 0.5)의 조성을 갖는 전기변색소자. - 삭제
- 삭제
- 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 복수의 금속 나노 입자는 금(Au), 은(Ag), 구리(Cu), 백금(Pt), 팔라듐(Pd), 이리듐(Ir), 로듐(Rh), 루테늄(Ru), 오스뮴(Os) 중 어느 하나의 금속 또는 둘 이상의 합금으로 이루어진 전기변색소자. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 복수의 금속 나노 입자는,
제1의 평균 입경을 갖는 복수의 제1 나노입자; 및
상기 제1의 평균 입경과 상이한 제2의 평균 입경을 갖는 복수의 제2 나노입자를 포함하는 전기변색소자. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 복수의 금속 나노 입자는 적어도 하나의 기준 입경을 중심으로 ± 10 %의 입경을 갖는 전기변색소자. - 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 전기변색층은 상기 제1 및 제2 전극에 인가되는 전압에 따라 반사율이 조절되며, 40 내지 90 %의 변색상태 반사율을 갖는 전기변색소자. - 화상을 구현하는 빛을 방출하는 디스플레이 광원부; 및
상기 디스플레이 광원부에서 방출된 빛이 투영되거나, 상기 디스플레이 광원부의 후방에서 외부로부터 유입되는 빛 중 적어도 일부를 차단하는 청구항 1 내지 청구항 3 및 청구항 6 내지 청구항 9 중 어느 한 항의 전기변색소자;를 포함하는 디스플레이 장치. - 기판 상에 제1 전극을 형성하는 과정;
상기 제1 전극 상에 전기변색물질로서 비화학양론적인 금속 산화물이 연속상의 매트릭스를 이루는 전기변색물질막과 상기 전기변색물질막 내에 분산된 복수의 금속 나노 입자를 포함하는 전기변색층을 형성하는 과정; 및
상기 전기변색층 상에 전해질층, 이온저장층 및 제2 전극을 형성하는 과정;을 포함하고,
상기 전기변색층을 형성하는 과정은 산화분위기에서 스퍼터링으로 상기 전기변색층을 증착하여 수행되며,
상기 복수의 금속 나노 입자의 전체 질량은 상기 금속 산화물의 전체 질량의 0.01 내지 10 %이고,
상기 금속 산화물은 상기 금속 산화물의 금속에 대한 화학양론적 산소의 양보다 많은 양의 산소를 포함하는 전기변색소자 제조방법. - 청구항 11에 있어서,
상기 전기변색층을 형성하는 과정은 화학양론적 아르곤(Ar)과 산소(O2)의 분압 비율에서 산소(O2)의 분압을 더 높여 수행되는 전기변색소자 제조방법. - 청구항 11에 있어서,
상기 전기변색층을 형성하는 과정은 상기 금속 산화물 및 상기 금속 산화물의 금속 중 어느 하나와 상기 금속 나노 입자의 금속을 코스퍼터링(co-sputtering)하는 과정을 포함하는 전기변색소자 제조방법. - 청구항 13에 있어서,
상기 금속 산화물은 텅스텐 산화물을 포함하고,
상기 코스퍼터링하는 과정은 텅스텐 산화물 타겟 또는 텅스텐 타겟에 상기 금속 나노 입자의 금속 타겟보다 2배 이상 높은 전원을 인가하여 수행되는 전기변색소자 제조방법. - 청구항 11에 있어서,
상기 전기변색층을 형성하는 과정은 상기 금속 산화물의 금속과 상기 금속 나노 입자의 금속의 합금 타겟을 스퍼터링하는 과정을 포함하는 전기변색소자 제조방법. - 청구항 15에 있어서,
상기 금속 산화물은 텅스텐 산화물을 포함하고,
상기 합금 타겟을 스퍼터링하는 과정은 상기 금속 나노 입자의 금속의 2배 이상의 중량비로 텅스텐이 함유된 합금 타겟을 스퍼터링하여 수행되는 전기변색소자 제조방법. - 청구항 11에 있어서,
상기 전기변색층을 150 내지 500 ℃의 온도에서 열처리하는 과정;을 더 포함하는 전기변색소자 제조방법.
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