KR102398943B1 - 란타나이드 및 악티나이드 전기화학 - Google Patents
란타나이드 및 악티나이드 전기화학 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102398943B1 KR102398943B1 KR1020167034247A KR20167034247A KR102398943B1 KR 102398943 B1 KR102398943 B1 KR 102398943B1 KR 1020167034247 A KR1020167034247 A KR 1020167034247A KR 20167034247 A KR20167034247 A KR 20167034247A KR 102398943 B1 KR102398943 B1 KR 102398943B1
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- lanthanide
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- ionically
- actinide
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- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 title description 13
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 28
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- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- -1 sulfonate anion Chemical class 0.000 claims description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 36
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
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- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims 2
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 33
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
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- AHZJKOKFZJYCLG-UHFFFAOYSA-K trifluoromethanesulfonate;ytterbium(3+) Chemical compound [Yb+3].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F AHZJKOKFZJYCLG-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 46
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 41
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
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- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
Description
도 1. 이테르븀 트리플레이트 중의 나피온 개질된 백금 전극에 대한 제1 및 제2 스윕(sweep)의 20 mV/s 시클릭 볼타모그램(cyclic voltammogram). 삽도는 제1 환원 파동(reductive wave)의 200 mV/s 시클릭 볼타모그램임.
도 2. 이테르븀 트리플레이트 중의 나피온 개질된 백금 전극에 대한 제1 및 제2 스윕의 20 mV/s 시클릭 볼타모그램을 사용한 란타나이드 시클릭 볼타모그램의 분석 방법의 시범.
도 3. 1.00 mM 구리 트리플레이트 및 1.00 mM 이테르븀 트리플레이트 용액 중의 나피온 개질된 백금 전극들의 200 mV/s 시클릭 볼타모그램의 오버레이(overlay). 전해질은 양쪽 모두 0.10 M TBABF4임.
도 4. O2 (g) 포화 (짧은 파선) 및 N2 (g) 분사 (실선)된 0.10 M TBABF4 단독 용액에 대한 나피온 개질된 백금 전극에서의 200 mV/s 시클릭 볼타모그램의 오버레이. 삽도는 O2 (g) 포화된 1.00 mM 이테르븀 트리플레이트 및 0.10 M TBABF4 용액에 대한 200 mV/s 시클릭 볼타모그램임.
도 5. 프라세오디뮴 트리플레이트, 가돌리늄 트리플레이트, 디스프로슘 트리플레이트, 사마륨 트리플레이트, 및 이테르븀 트리플레이트 중의 나피온 개질된 백금 전극들에 대한 전(full) 전위 창 제1 스윕의 20 mV/s 시클릭 볼타모그램. 전해질은 모두 아세토니트릴 중의 TBABF4임. 볼타모그램은 명료함을 위해 수직 오프셋(offset)으로 플롯팅하여, 100 ㎂ 전류 스케일을 좌측에 나타냄.
도 6. 프라세오디뮴 트리플레이트, 가돌리늄 트리플레이트, 디스프로슘 트리플레이트, 사마륨 트리플레이트, 및 이테르븀 트리플레이트 중의 나피온 개질된 백금 전극들만에 대한 피크 A의 200 mV/s 시클릭 볼타모그램. 전해질은 모두 아세토니트릴 중의 TBABF4임. 볼타모그램은 명료함을 위해 수직 오프셋으로 플롯팅하여, 400 ㎂ 전류 스케일을 좌측에 나타냄.
도 7. 프라세오디뮴 트리플레이트, 가돌리늄 트리플레이트, 디스프로슘 트리플레이트, 사마륨 트리플레이트, 및 이테르븀 트리플레이트 중의 나피온 필름 (실선) 및 나피온 + SiMag-C1 복합체 (파선) 개질된 백금 전극들에 대한 전 전위 창 제1 스윕의 20 mV/s 시클릭 볼타모그램. 전해질은 모두 아세토니트릴 중의 TBABF4임. 볼타모그램은 명료함을 위해 수직 오프셋으로 플롯팅하여, 100 ㎂ 전류 스케일을 좌측에 나타냄.
도 8. 나피온 단독 필름으로 개질된 백금 전극에서의 질소 분사된 0.10 M TBABF4 용액 (N N2, 실선), 및 나피온 필름 (N O2, 긴 파선) 및 자화된 나피온 + SiMag-C1 복합체 (C1 O2, 짧은 파선)로 개질된 백금 전극에서의 아세토니트릴 중의 산소 포화된 0.10 M TBABF4 용액에 대한 200 mV/s 시클릭 볼타모그램의 오버레이.
도 9. 나피온 + SiMag-C1 (C1, 짧은 파선), 나피온 + SiMag-C3 (C3, 긴 파선), 및 나피온 + SiMag-C8 (C8, 실선)의 복합체들로 개질된 백금 전극에서의 아세토니트릴 중의 산소 포화된 0.10 M TBABF4 용액에 대한 200 mV/s 시클릭 볼타모그램의 오버레이.
도 10. a) 나피온 필름으로 개질된 백금 전극에서의 아세토니트릴 중의 산소 포화된 1.00 mM 이테르븀 트리플레이트 + 0.10 M TBABF4 용액 (N YbOTF + O2, 긴 파선) 및 아세토니트릴 중의 산소 포화된 0.10 M TBABF4 용액 (N O2, 실선)에 대한 200 mV/s 시클릭 볼타모그램의 오버레이. b) 나피온 필름 (N YbOTF + O2, 긴 파선) 및 자화된 나피온 + SiMag-C1 복합체 (C1 YbOTF + O2, 짧은 파선)로 개질된 전극에서의 산소 포화된 1.00 mM 이테르븀 트리플레이트 + 0.10 M TBABF4 용액에 대한 200 mV/s 시클릭 볼타모그램의 오버레이.
Claims (42)
- 적어도 하나의 작업 전극에서 용매 시스템 중 산화 상태에 관계 없이 적어도 하나의 란타나이드, 적어도 하나의 악티나이드, 또는 이들의 조합을 전기화학적으로 산화 및/또는 환원시키는 것을 포함하는 방법이며,
여기서, 용매 시스템은 3 이상의 유전 상수를 갖는 하나 이상의 유기 용매를 포함하고, 용매 시스템 중 물은 25 wt% 미만이고;
용매 시스템은 적어도 하나의 전해질을 추가로 포함하고;
적어도 하나의 작업 전극은 적어도 하나의 전자 전도성 전극 기판 및 기판 상에 배치된 적어도 하나의 이온 전도성 또는 이온 투과성 필름을 포함하고;
이온 전도성 또는 이온 투과성 필름과 별개로 적어도 하나의 리간드가 란타나이드, 악티나이드, 전해질, 또는 이들의 조합의 일부로서 존재하고, 상기 리간드는 란타나이드, 악티나이드, 또는 이들의 조합의 산화 및/또는 환원을 용이하게 하며;
상기 리간드는 술포네이트 음이온이며 상기 이온 전도성 또는 이온 투과성 필름은 술포네이트 중합체를 포함하거나, 상기 리간드는 카르보네이트 음이온이며 상기 이온 전도성 또는 이온 투과성 필름은 카르보네이트 중합체를 포함하거나, 상기 리간드는 크라운 에테르이며 상기 이온 전도성 또는 이온 투과성 필름은 폴리에테르를 포함하거나, 상기 리간드는 에틸렌디아민테트라아세트산(EDTA)이며 상기 이온 전도성 또는 이온 투과성 필름은 아세테이트 및/또는 3급 아민 관능기를 포함하는 중합체를 포함하거나, 상기 리간드는 공액 분자이며 상기 이온 전도성 또는 이온 투과성 필름은 공액 중합체를 포함하는 것인 방법. - 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서, 전기화학적 산화 및/또는 환원이 반응을 유리하게 증진시키는 자기장의 영향 하에 수행되지 않는 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제3항에 있어서, 전기화학적 산화 및/또는 환원 단계가 악티나이드가 아닌 란타나이드 상에서 수행되는 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제3항에 있어서, 전기화학적 산화 및/또는 환원 단계가 란타나이드와 악티나이드의 혼합물 상에서 수행되는 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제3항에 있어서, 전기화학적 산화 및/또는 환원 단계가 둘 이상의 상이한 란타나이드의 혼합물 상에서 수행되는 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제3항에 있어서, 산화 상태에 관계 없이 란타나이드가 La, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb 또는 Ce인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제3항에 있어서, 용매가 5 이상의 유전 상수를 갖는 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제3항에 있어서, 리간드가 플루오로술포네이트 음이온인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제3항에 있어서, 리간드가 트리플루오로메탄 술포네이트 (트리플레이트)인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제3항에 있어서, 필름이 적어도 하나의 중합체를 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제3항에 있어서, 필름이 적어도 하나의 이온 전도성 중합체를 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제3항에 있어서, 필름이 적어도 하나의 플루오로술포네이트 중합체를 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제3항에 있어서, 필름이 적어도 하나의 플루오로술포네이트 중합체를 포함하고, 리간드가 플루오로술포네이트 음이온인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제3항에 있어서, 필름이 자기적으로 개질되지 않은 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제3항에 있어서, 작업 전극이 자기적으로 개질된 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제3항에 있어서, 필름이 자기적으로 개질된 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제3항에 있어서, 필름이 자성 입자를 사용하여 자기적으로 개질된 것인 방법.
- 적어도 하나의 작업 전극에서 용매 시스템 중 산화 상태에 관계 없이 적어도 하나의 란타나이드, 적어도 하나의 악티나이드, 또는 이들의 조합을 전기화학적으로 산화 및/또는 환원시키는 것을 포함하는 방법이며,
여기서, 용매 시스템은 3 이상의 유전 상수를 갖는 하나 이상의 유기 용매를 포함하고, 용매 시스템 중 물은 25 wt% 미만이고;
용매 시스템은 적어도 하나의 전해질을 추가로 포함하고;
적어도 하나의 작업 전극은 적어도 하나의 전자 전도성 전극 기판 및 기판 상에 배치된 적어도 하나의 이온 전도성 또는 이온 투과성 필름을 포함하고;
이온 전도성 또는 이온 투과성 필름과 별개로 적어도 하나의 리간드가 란타나이드, 악티나이드, 전해질, 또는 이들의 조합의 일부로서 존재하고, 상기 리간드는 란타나이드, 악티나이드, 또는 이들의 조합의 산화 및/또는 환원을 용이하게 하고;
상기 리간드는 술포네이트 음이온이며 상기 이온 전도성 또는 이온 투과성 필름은 술포네이트 중합체를 포함하거나, 상기 리간드는 카르보네이트 음이온이며 상기 이온 전도성 또는 이온 투과성 필름은 카르보네이트 중합체를 포함하거나, 상기 리간드는 크라운 에테르이며 상기 이온 전도성 또는 이온 투과성 필름은 폴리에테르를 포함하거나, 상기 리간드는 에틸렌디아민테트라아세트산(EDTA)이며 상기 이온 전도성 또는 이온 투과성 필름은 아세테이트 및/또는 3급 아민 관능기를 포함하는 중합체를 포함하거나, 상기 리간드는 공액 분자이며 상기 이온 전도성 또는 이온 투과성 필름은 공액 중합체를 포함하며;
전기화학적 산화 및/또는 환원은 자기장의 영향 하에 수행되는 것인 방법. - 삭제
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JP6574836B2 (ja) | 2019-09-11 |
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