KR102369128B1 - 광학 이방성층 및 그 제조 방법, 광학 이방성 적층체 및 그 제조 방법, 광학 이방성 전사체, 편광판, 그리고 화상 표시 장치 - Google Patents
광학 이방성층 및 그 제조 방법, 광학 이방성 적층체 및 그 제조 방법, 광학 이방성 전사체, 편광판, 그리고 화상 표시 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102369128B1 KR102369128B1 KR1020187027290A KR20187027290A KR102369128B1 KR 102369128 B1 KR102369128 B1 KR 102369128B1 KR 1020187027290 A KR1020187027290 A KR 1020187027290A KR 20187027290 A KR20187027290 A KR 20187027290A KR 102369128 B1 KR102369128 B1 KR 102369128B1
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 본 발명의 제2 실시형태에 따른 화상 표시 장치로서의 유기 EL 표시 장치를 모식적으로 나타내는 단면도이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 제3 실시형태에 따른 화상 표시 장치로서의 액정 표시 장치를 모식적으로 나타내는 단면도이다.
110 유기 EL 소자
120 광학 이방성 적층체
121 위상차층
122 광학 이방성층
130 직선 편광자
200 유기 EL 표시 장치
210 유기 EL 소자
220 λ/4 파장판
230 직선 편광자
240 광학 이방성 적층체
241 위상차층
242 광학 이방성층
300 액정 표시 장치
310 광원
320 광원측 직선 편광자
330 액정 셀
340 시인측 직선 편광자
350 광학 이방성 적층체
351 위상차층
352 광학 이방성층
Claims (21)
- 중합체와, 배향 상태가 고정되어 있어도 되는 메소겐 골격을 갖는 화합물을 포함하는 광학 이방성층으로서,
상기 중합체는, 상기 중합체의 용액을 사용한 도공법에 의해 상기 중합체의 막을 형성한 경우에, 상기 막의 면내 방향으로서 최대의 굴절률을 부여하는 방향의 굴절률 nx(P), 상기 막의 상기 면내 방향으로서 상기 nx(P)의 방향과 수직한 방향의 굴절률 ny(P), 및 상기 막의 두께 방향의 굴절률 nz(P)가, nz(P) > nx(P) ≥ ny(P)를 만족하는 것이고,
상기 메소겐 골격을 갖는 화합물이; 액정성을 나타내고, 또한, 호모지니어스 배향된 경우에 역파장 분산성의 면내 리타데이션을 나타내는 제1 화합물; 그리고, 단독으로는 액정성을 나타내지 않는 제2 화합물;로 이루어지는 군에서 선택되는 적어도 1종류의 화합물이고,
상기 제2 화합물이, 평가용 액정 화합물에 상기 제2 화합물을, 상기 평가용 액정 화합물 및 상기 제2 화합물의 합계 100 중량부에 대하여 30 중량부~70 중량부의 적어도 어느 하나의 비율로 혼합한 혼합물이, 액정성을 나타내고, 또한, 상기 혼합물이 호모지니어스 배향된 경우에 상기 제2 화합물이 역파장 분산성의 면내 리타데이션을 나타내는 것이고,
상기 광학 이방성층의 면내 방향으로서 최대의 굴절률을 부여하는 방향의 굴절률 nx(A), 상기 광학 이방성층의 상기 면내 방향으로서 상기 nx(A)의 방향과 수직한 방향의 굴절률 ny(A), 및 상기 광학 이방성층의 두께 방향의 굴절률 nz(A)가, nz(A) > nx(A) ≥ ny(A)를 만족하고,
파장 450 nm에 있어서의 상기 광학 이방성층의 두께 방향의 리타데이션 Rth(A450), 파장 550 nm에 있어서의 상기 광학 이방성층의 두께 방향의 리타데이션 Rth(A550), 및 파장 650 nm에 있어서의 상기 광학 이방성층의 두께 방향의 리타데이션 Rth(A650)가, 하기 식 (1) 및 (2):
0.50 < Rth(A450)/Rth(A550) < 1.00 (1)
1.00 ≤ Rth(A650)/Rth(A550) < 1.25 (2)
를 만족하고,
상기 평가용 액정 화합물이, 하기 식 (E1)로 나타내어지는, 광학 이방성층.
[화학식 1]
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 메소겐 골격을 갖는 화합물이, 상기 메소겐 골격을 갖는 화합물의 분자 중에, 주쇄 메소겐 골격과, 상기 주쇄 메소겐 골격에 결합한 측쇄 메소겐 골격을 포함하는, 광학 이방성층. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 메소겐 골격을 갖는 화합물이, 하기 식 (I)로 나타내어지는, 광학 이방성층.
[화학식 2]
(상기 식 (I)에 있어서,
Y1~Y8은, 각각 독립적으로, 화학적인 단결합, -O-, -S-, -O-C(=O)-, -C(=O)-O-, -O-C(=O)-O-, -NR1-C(=O)-, -C(=O)-NR1-, -O-C(=O)-NR1-, -NR1-C(=O)-O-, -NR1-C(=O)-NR1-, -O-NR1-, 또는 -NR1-O-를 나타낸다. 여기서, R1은, 수소 원자 또는 탄소수 1~6의 알킬기를 나타낸다.
G1 및 G2는, 각각 독립적으로, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는, 탄소수 1~20의 2가의 지방족기를 나타낸다. 또한, 상기 지방족기에는, 1개의 지방족기당 1 이상의 -O-, -S-, -O-C(=O)-, -C(=O)-O-, -O-C(=O)-O-, -NR2-C(=O)-, -C(=O)-NR2-, -NR2-, 또는 -C(=O)-가 개재되어 있어도 된다. 단, -O- 또는 -S-가 각각 2 이상 인접하여 개재되는 경우를 제외한다. 여기서, R2는, 수소 원자 또는 탄소수 1~6의 알킬기를 나타낸다.
Z1 및 Z2는, 각각 독립적으로, 할로겐 원자로 치환되어 있어도 되는 탄소수 2~10의 알케닐기를 나타낸다.
Ax는, 방향족 탄화수소고리 및 방향족 복소고리로 이루어지는 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나의 방향고리를 갖는, 탄소수 2~30의 유기기를 나타낸다.
Ay는, 수소 원자, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 1~20의 알킬기, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 2~20의 알케닐기, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 3~12의 시클로알킬기, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 2~20의 알키닐기, -C(=O)-R3, -SO2-R4, -C(=S)NH-R9, 또는 방향족 탄화수소고리 및 방향족 복소고리로 이루어지는 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나의 방향고리를 갖는, 탄소수 2~30의 유기기를 나타낸다. 여기서, R3은, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 1~20의 알킬기, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 2~20의 알케닐기, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 3~12의 시클로알킬기, 또는 탄소수 5~12의 방향족 탄화수소고리기를 나타낸다. R4는, 탄소수 1~20의 알킬기, 탄소수 2~20의 알케닐기, 페닐기, 또는 4-메틸페닐기를 나타낸다. R9는, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 1~20의 알킬기, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 2~20의 알케닐기, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 3~12의 시클로알킬기, 또는 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 5~20의 방향족기를 나타낸다. 상기 Ax 및 Ay가 갖는 방향고리는, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 된다. 또한, 상기 Ax와 Ay는, 하나가 되어, 고리를 형성하고 있어도 된다.
A1은, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 3가의 방향족기를 나타낸다.
A2 및 A3은, 각각 독립적으로, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 3~30의 2가의 지환식 탄화수소기를 나타낸다.
A4 및 A5는, 각각 독립적으로, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는, 탄소수 6~30의 2가의 방향족기를 나타낸다.
Q1은, 수소 원자, 또는 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 1~6의 알킬기를 나타낸다.
m은, 각각 독립적으로, 0 또는 1을 나타낸다.) - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 메소겐 골격을 갖는 화합물이, 상기 메소겐 골격을 갖는 화합물의 분자 중에, 벤조티아졸고리, 그리고, 시클로헥실고리 및 페닐고리의 조합으로 이루어지는 군에서 선택되는 적어도 1종을 함유하는, 광학 이방성층. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 중합체가, 폴리비닐카르바졸, 폴리푸마르산에스테르 및 셀룰로오스 유도체로 이루어지는 군에서 선택되는 적어도 1종류의 중합체인, 광학 이방성층. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 광학 이방성층의 전체 고형분에 있어서의 상기 메소겐 골격을 갖는 화합물의 비율이, 20 중량%~60 중량%인, 광학 이방성층. - 제1항에 있어서,
파장 590 nm에 있어서의 상기 광학 이방성층의 면내 리타데이션 Re(A590), 및 파장 590 nm에 있어서의 상기 광학 이방성층의 두께 방향의 리타데이션 Rth(A590)가, 하기 식 (3) 및 (4):
Re(A590) ≤ 10 nm (3)
-200 nm ≤ Rth(A590) ≤ -10 nm (4)
를 만족하는, 광학 이방성층. - 기재와, 제1항에 기재된 광학 이방성층을 구비한, 광학 이방성 전사체.
- 제1항에 기재된 광학 이방성층과, 위상차층을 구비하고,
상기 위상차층의 면내 방향으로서 최대의 굴절률을 부여하는 방향의 굴절률 nx(B), 상기 위상차층의 상기 면내 방향으로서 상기 nx(B)의 방향과 수직한 방향의 굴절률 ny(B), 및 상기 위상차층의 두께 방향의 굴절률 nz(B)가, nx(B) > ny(B) ≥ nz(B)를 만족하는, 광학 이방성 적층체. - 제9항에 있어서,
상기 위상차층이, 지환식 구조 함유 중합체를 포함하는 연신 필름층인, 광학 이방성 적층체. - 제10항에 있어서,
상기 위상차층이, 경사 연신 필름층인, 광학 이방성 적층체. - 제9항에 있어서,
상기 위상차층이, 복층 구조를 갖는 연신 필름층인, 광학 이방성 적층체. - 제9항에 있어서,
파장 450 nm에 있어서의 상기 위상차층의 면내 리타데이션 Re(B450), 파장 550 nm에 있어서의 상기 위상차층의 면내 리타데이션 Re(B550), 및 파장 650 nm에 있어서의 상기 위상차층의 면내 리타데이션 Re(B650)가, 하기 식 (5) 및 (6):
0.75 < Re(B450)/Re(B550) < 1.00 (5)
1.01 < Re(B650)/Re(B550) < 1.25 (6)
을 만족하는, 광학 이방성 적층체. - 제9항에 있어서,
상기 위상차층이, 배향 상태가 고정되어 있어도 되는, 하기 식 (II)로 나타내어지는 위상차층용 액정 화합물을 포함하는, 광학 이방성 적층체.
[화학식 3]
(상기 식 (II)에 있어서,
Y1~Y8은, 각각 독립적으로, 화학적인 단결합, -O-, -S-, -O-C(=O)-, -C(=O)-O-, -O-C(=O)-O-, -NR1-C(=O)-, -C(=O)-NR1-, -O-C(=O)-NR1-, -NR1-C(=O)-O-, -NR1-C(=O)-NR1-, -O-NR1-, 또는 -NR1-O-를 나타낸다. 여기서, R1은, 수소 원자 또는 탄소수 1~6의 알킬기를 나타낸다.
G1 및 G2는, 각각 독립적으로, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는, 탄소수 1~20의 2가의 지방족기를 나타낸다. 또한, 상기 지방족기에는, 1개의 지방족기당 1 이상의 -O-, -S-, -O-C(=O)-, -C(=O)-O-, -O-C(=O)-O-, -NR2-C(=O)-, -C(=O)-NR2-, -NR2-, 또는 -C(=O)-가 개재되어 있어도 된다. 단, -O- 또는 -S-가 각각 2 이상 인접하여 개재되는 경우를 제외한다. 여기서, R2는, 수소 원자 또는 탄소수 1~6의 알킬기를 나타낸다.
Z1 및 Z2는, 각각 독립적으로, 할로겐 원자로 치환되어 있어도 되는 탄소수 2~10의 알케닐기를 나타낸다.
Ax는, 방향족 탄화수소고리 및 방향족 복소고리로 이루어지는 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나의 방향고리를 갖는, 탄소수 2~30의 유기기를 나타낸다.
Ay는, 수소 원자, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 1~20의 알킬기, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 2~20의 알케닐기, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 3~12의 시클로알킬기, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 2~20의 알키닐기, -C(=O)-R3, -SO2-R4, -C(=S)NH-R9, 또는 방향족 탄화수소고리 및 방향족 복소고리로 이루어지는 군에서 선택되는 적어도 하나의 방향고리를 갖는, 탄소수 2~30의 유기기를 나타낸다. 여기서, R3은, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 1~20의 알킬기, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 2~20의 알케닐기, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 3~12의 시클로알킬기, 또는 탄소수 5~12의 방향족 탄화수소고리기를 나타낸다. R4는, 탄소수 1~20의 알킬기, 탄소수 2~20의 알케닐기, 페닐기, 또는 4-메틸페닐기를 나타낸다. R9는, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 1~20의 알킬기, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 2~20의 알케닐기, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 3~12의 시클로알킬기, 또는 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 5~20의 방향족기를 나타낸다. 상기 Ax 및 Ay가 갖는 방향고리는, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 된다. 또한, 상기 Ax와 Ay는, 하나가 되어, 고리를 형성하고 있어도 된다.
A1은, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 3가의 방향족기를 나타낸다.
A2 및 A3은, 각각 독립적으로, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 3~30의 2가의 지환식 탄화수소기를 나타낸다.
A4 및 A5는, 각각 독립적으로, 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는, 탄소수 6~30의 2가의 방향족기를 나타낸다.
Q1은, 수소 원자, 또는 치환기를 갖고 있어도 되는 탄소수 1~6의 알킬기를 나타낸다.
m은, 각각 독립적으로, 0 또는 1을 나타낸다.) - 제9항에 있어서,
파장 590 nm에 있어서의 상기 위상차층의 면내 리타데이션 Re(B590), 파장 590 nm에 있어서의 상기 광학 이방성층의 면내 리타데이션 Re(A590), 및 파장 590 nm에 있어서의 상기 광학 이방성층의 두께 방향의 리타데이션 Rth(A590)가, 하기 식 (7), (8) 및 (9):
110 nm ≤ Re(B590) ≤ 170 nm (7)
Re(A590) ≤ 10 nm (8)
-110 nm ≤ Rth(A590) ≤ -20 nm (9)
를 만족하는, 광학 이방성 적층체. - 직선 편광자와,
제1항에 기재된 광학 이방성층, 제8항에 기재된 광학 이방성 전사체, 또는 제9항에 기재된 광학 이방성 적층체를 구비하는, 편광판. - 제16항에 기재된 편광판을 구비하는, 화상 표시 장치.
- 제9항에 기재된 광학 이방성 적층체와,
직선 편광자와,
화상 표시 소자를 이 순서로 구비하고,
상기 화상 표시 소자가, 액정 셀 또는 유기 일렉트로루미네센스 소자인, 화상 표시 장치. - 직선 편광자와,
제9항에 기재된 광학 이방성 적층체와,
유기 일렉트로루미네센스 소자를 이 순서로 구비하는, 화상 표시 장치. - 중합체, 메소겐 골격을 갖는 화합물 및 용매를 포함하는 도공액을, 지지면 상에 도공하여, 도공액층을 얻는 공정과,
상기 도공액층을 건조시키는 공정을 포함하는, 광학 이방성층의 제조 방법으로서,
상기 중합체는, 상기 중합체의 용액을 사용한 도공법에 의해 상기 중합체의 막을 형성한 경우에, 상기 막의 면내 방향으로서 최대의 굴절률을 부여하는 방향의 굴절률 nx(P), 상기 막의 상기 면내 방향으로서 상기 nx(P)의 방향과 수직한 방향의 굴절률 ny(P), 및 상기 막의 두께 방향의 굴절률 nz(P)가, nz(P) > nx(P) ≥ ny(P)를 만족하는 것이고,
상기 메소겐 골격을 갖는 화합물이; 액정성을 나타내고, 또한, 호모지니어스 배향된 경우에 역파장 분산성의 면내 리타데이션을 나타내는 제1 화합물; 그리고, 단독으로는 액정성을 나타내지 않는 제2 화합물;로 이루어지는 군에서 선택되는 적어도 1종류의 화합물이고,
상기 제2 화합물이, 평가용 액정 화합물에 상기 제2 화합물을, 상기 평가용 액정 화합물 및 상기 제2 화합물의 합계 100 중량부에 대하여 30 중량부~70 중량부의 적어도 어느 하나의 비율로 혼합한 혼합물이, 액정성을 나타내고, 또한, 상기 혼합물이 호모지니어스 배향된 경우에 상기 제2 화합물이 역파장 분산성의 면내 리타데이션을 나타내는 것이고,
상기 광학 이방성층의 면내 방향으로서 최대의 굴절률을 부여하는 방향의 굴절률 nx(A), 상기 광학 이방성층의 상기 면내 방향으로서 상기 nx(A)의 방향과 수직한 방향의 굴절률 ny(A), 및 상기 광학 이방성층의 두께 방향의 굴절률 nz(A)가, nz(A) > nx(A) ≥ ny(A)를 만족하고,
파장 450 nm에 있어서의 상기 광학 이방성층의 두께 방향의 리타데이션 Rth(A450), 파장 550 nm에 있어서의 상기 광학 이방성층의 두께 방향의 리타데이션 Rth(A550), 및 파장 650 nm에 있어서의 상기 광학 이방성층의 두께 방향의 리타데이션 Rth(A650)가, 하기 식 (1) 및 (2):
0.50 < Rth(A450)/Rth(A550) < 1.00 (1)
1.00 ≤ Rth(A650)/Rth(A550) < 1.25 (2)
를 만족하고,
상기 평가용 액정 화합물이, 하기 식 (E1)로 나타내어지는, 광학 이방성층의 제조 방법.
[화학식 4]
- 제8항에 기재된 광학 이방성 전사체의 광학 이방성층과, 위상차층을 첩합하는 공정과,
상기 광학 이방성 전사체의 기재를 박리하는 공정을 포함하는, 광학 이방성 적층체의 제조 방법으로서,
상기 위상차층의 면내 방향으로서 최대의 굴절률을 부여하는 방향의 굴절률 nx(B), 상기 위상차층의 상기 면내 방향으로서 상기 nx(B)의 방향과 수직한 방향의 굴절률 ny(B), 및 상기 위상차층의 두께 방향의 굴절률 nz(B)가, nx(B) > ny(B) ≥ nz(B)를 만족하는, 광학 이방성 적층체의 제조 방법.
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