KR102188218B1 - 내열성이 우수한 난연형 반응성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제 및 이를 이용한 코팅 원단의 제조방법 - Google Patents
내열성이 우수한 난연형 반응성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제 및 이를 이용한 코팅 원단의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR102188218B1 KR102188218B1 KR1020190154409A KR20190154409A KR102188218B1 KR 102188218 B1 KR102188218 B1 KR 102188218B1 KR 1020190154409 A KR1020190154409 A KR 1020190154409A KR 20190154409 A KR20190154409 A KR 20190154409A KR 102188218 B1 KR102188218 B1 KR 102188218B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- flame
- heat resistance
- reactive
- retardant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- -1 aromatic isocyanate Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- CCJKFLLIJCGHMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[diethoxyphosphorylmethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)CN(CCO)CCO CCJKFLLIJCGHMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- AWSFUCVGQBUMLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxy-methoxy-methylsilane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(O)O AWSFUCVGQBUMLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XIRDTMSOGDWMOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4,5,6-tetrabromophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1C(O)=O XIRDTMSOGDWMOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004840 adhesive resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920006223 adhesive resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 20
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 6
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate Chemical group C1CC(N=C=O)CCC1CC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GKGXKPRVOZNVPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisocyanatomethylcyclohexane Chemical compound O=C=NC(N=C=O)C1CCCCC1 GKGXKPRVOZNVPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012210 heat-resistant fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000010382 chemical cross-linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KIQKWYUGPPFMBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisocyanatomethane Chemical compound O=C=NCN=C=O KIQKWYUGPPFMBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- CMPQUABWPXYYSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 CMPQUABWPXYYSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005903 polyol mixture Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3225—Polyamines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/38—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen
- C08G18/3819—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen having nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/38—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen
- C08G18/3878—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen having phosphorus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4202—Two or more polyesters of different physical or chemical nature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4205—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing cyclic groups
- C08G18/4208—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing cyclic groups containing aromatic groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4266—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain prepared from hydroxycarboxylic acids and/or lactones
- C08G18/4269—Lactones
- C08G18/4277—Caprolactone and/or substituted caprolactone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/73—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates acyclic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/564—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2301/30—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the chemical, physicochemical or physical properties of the adhesive or the carrier
- C09J2301/304—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the chemical, physicochemical or physical properties of the adhesive or the carrier the adhesive being heat-activatable, i.e. not tacky at temperatures inferior to 30°C
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/30—Flame or heat resistance, fire retardancy properties
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명의 내열성이 우수한 난연형 반응성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제는 방향족 폴리에스테르 폴리올과 폴리카프로락톤의 조성으로 우레아 가교결합을 이용한 고접착성 수지를 사용하고 우수한 내열성 부여가 가능한 실리콘과 디아민을 적용하여 우수한 가공성과 유연성을 바탕으로 경화도가 증가되어 강한 접착력과 구조적 강도를 발휘하며, 아울러 반응성 실리콘과 반응성 난연제의 적용을 통해 접착제 자체의 열 안정성 및 난연성이 우수하고 내열성과 내후성이 향상되는 효과가 있다.
또한, 본 발명의 난연형 반응성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제는 용제를 사용하지 않는 100% 고형분의 친환경 폴리우레탄 접착제로서 열용융에 의해 섬유소재에 접착되어 용제의 휘발이 이루어지는 건조과정 없이 접착력과 박리강도 등의 물성 및 가공성이 양호하고 부드러운 촉감과 우수한 내열성을 갖는 코팅 원단을 제조할 수 있는 장점이 있다.
Description
구 분 | 실시예 1 | 비교예 1 | 비교예 2 | 비교예 3 | 비교예 4 |
Polycaprolactone | 200.0 | 200.0 | 200.0 | 200.0 | 200.0 |
Aromatic Polyester polyol | 190.5 | 190.5 | 190.5 | 190.5 | 190.5 |
Reactive silicone | 38.1 | 38.1 | 38.1 | 38.1 | 0.0 |
FR-diol (반응형 난연제) |
83.8 | 0.0 | 62.9 | 104.8 | 83.8 |
Chain extender | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 |
Aromatic Isocyanate | 228.0 | 126.6 | 198.6 | 265.5 | 222.3 |
Polyoxypropylene diamine | 95.2 | 95.2 | 0.0 | 190.5 | 95.2 |
Aliphatic Isocyanate | 18.3 | 15.6 | 0.0 | 32.2 | 17.5 |
Flame retardant (첨가형 난연제) |
95.4 | 162.8 | 76.8 | 112.8 | 90.3 |
구 분 | 실시예 1 | 비교예 1 | 비교예 2 | 비교예 3 | 비교예 4 |
박리강도(N/5cm) | 14 | 12 | 13 | 15 | 14 |
난연성(UL94) | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 |
내열성(℃) | 300 | 300 | 280 | 310 | 290 |
촉감 | ◎ | ○ | ◎ | △ | ○ |
Claims (6)
- (a) 수평균분자량 1,500 ~ 3,500 범위의 폴리카프로락톤 15 ~ 25중량%;
(b) 수평균분자량 2,000 ~ 3,500 범위의 방향족 폴리에스테르 폴리올 15 ~ 25중량%;
(c) 내열성 향상을 위한 반응성 실리콘 3 ~ 5중량%;
(d) 안정적인 난연성 부여를 위한 반응성 난연제 5 ~ 12중량%;
(e) 접착제의 결정성 및 강도 조정을 위한 쇄연장제 1 ~ 2중량%;
(f) 방향족 이소시아네이트 15 ~ 30중량%;
의 비율로 반응시켜 제조한 프리폴리머 A와,
(g) 내열성 및 접착강도 향상을 위한 수평균분자량 1,000 ~ 2,000 범위의 디아민 5 ~ 20 중량%;
(h) 디아민과의 프리폴리머 합성을 위한 지방족 이소시아네이트 1 ~ 3중량%;
의 비율로 반응시켜 제조한 프리폴리머 B를,
(i) 난연성 부여를 위한 첨가형 난연제 5 ~ 10중량%;
와 혼합하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 내열성이 우수한 난연형 반응성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 반응성 실리콘(c)은 모노 터미네이티드 타입(mono terminated type)의 수평균분자량 1,000 ~ 2,000 범위를 가지는 반응성 디메틸실록산 디올 또는 말단에 아민기를 가지는 아민당량이 250 ~ 270g/NH인 반응성 디메틸실록산 디아민을 1종 이상 사용하는 것을 특징으로 하는 내열성이 우수한 난연형 반응성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 반응성 난연제(d)는 수평균분자량 250 ~ 500인 디에틸 N,N-비스(2-하이드록시에틸) 아미노메틸 포스포네이트 또는 테트라브로모 프탈레이트 디올 타입의 반응성 난연제 중에서 선택되는 1종 이상을 사용하는 것을 특징으로 하는 내열성이 우수한 난연형 반응성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 프리폴리머 A와 프리폴리머 B의 중량비율은 8 : 2 ~ 9 : 1이며, 활성수소 원자화합물 대비 디이소시아네이트의 최종 반응비율(OH/NCO 비율)은 당량비로 1.2 ~ 1.7의 값을 갖도록 조정된 것을 특징으로 하는 내열성이 우수한 난연형 반응성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제. - 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항의 내열성이 우수한 난연형 반응성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제를 80 ~ 120℃의 온도로 용융시키고 섬유 원단에 5 ~ 50g/㎡의 양으로 도포한 다음, 온도 30 ~ 50℃, 상대습도 70 ~ 100%의 조건에서 12 ~ 48시간 동안 숙성시켜 제조되는 것을 특징으로 하는 코팅 원단의 제조방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,
상기 난연형 반응성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제의 난연성은 V-0등급(UL94 수직법)이며, 상기 코팅 원단은 내열성 260 ~ 300℃, 박리강도 11 ~ 15N/5cm인 것을 특징으로 하는 코팅 원단의 제조방법.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020190154409A KR102188218B1 (ko) | 2019-11-27 | 2019-11-27 | 내열성이 우수한 난연형 반응성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제 및 이를 이용한 코팅 원단의 제조방법 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020190154409A KR102188218B1 (ko) | 2019-11-27 | 2019-11-27 | 내열성이 우수한 난연형 반응성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제 및 이를 이용한 코팅 원단의 제조방법 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR102188218B1 true KR102188218B1 (ko) | 2020-12-09 |
Family
ID=73787018
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020190154409A Active KR102188218B1 (ko) | 2019-11-27 | 2019-11-27 | 내열성이 우수한 난연형 반응성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제 및 이를 이용한 코팅 원단의 제조방법 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
KR (1) | KR102188218B1 (ko) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114274642A (zh) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-05 | 无锡翔隆高分子面料有限公司 | 一种热塑性聚氨酯面料及其制备方法和应用 |
KR20230071258A (ko) * | 2021-11-16 | 2023-05-23 | 주식회사 빅스 | 고내열성 실리콘 변성 반응성 우레탄 핫멜트 접착제 및 이를 이용한 코팅 원단의 제조방법 |
KR20240068923A (ko) | 2022-11-10 | 2024-05-20 | 주식회사 네패스야하드 | 스프레이 도포성이 우수한 난연성 핫멜트 감압접착제 및 이의 제조에 사용되는 조성물 |
KR20240077577A (ko) | 2022-11-23 | 2024-06-03 | 주식회사 빅스 | 내열성이 우수한 난연 반응성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제 및 이를 이용한 코팅 원단의 제조방법 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20080088628A (ko) | 2006-12-01 | 2008-10-02 | 디아이씨 가부시끼가이샤 | 습기 경화성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제 및 이것을 사용한적층 시트 |
KR20110022764A (ko) | 2009-08-28 | 2011-03-08 | 한국염색기술연구소 | 습기 경화형 접착제를 이용한 핫멜트 적층형 원단의 제조방법 |
KR101709909B1 (ko) | 2016-01-29 | 2017-02-24 | 주식회사 빅스 | 우수한 내열성을 갖는 반응성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제 및 이를 이용한 코팅 원단의 제조방법 |
KR20180023116A (ko) * | 2016-08-23 | 2018-03-07 | (주) 우조하이텍 | 이소시아네이트의 삼량화 반응을 적용하여 제조한 난연성 폴리 우레탄-우레아 하이브리드 코팅제 및 이의 제조방법 |
JP2019077823A (ja) * | 2017-10-26 | 2019-05-23 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | ポリエステル系樹脂組成物およびその成形体 |
-
2019
- 2019-11-27 KR KR1020190154409A patent/KR102188218B1/ko active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20080088628A (ko) | 2006-12-01 | 2008-10-02 | 디아이씨 가부시끼가이샤 | 습기 경화성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제 및 이것을 사용한적층 시트 |
KR20110022764A (ko) | 2009-08-28 | 2011-03-08 | 한국염색기술연구소 | 습기 경화형 접착제를 이용한 핫멜트 적층형 원단의 제조방법 |
KR101709909B1 (ko) | 2016-01-29 | 2017-02-24 | 주식회사 빅스 | 우수한 내열성을 갖는 반응성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제 및 이를 이용한 코팅 원단의 제조방법 |
KR20180023116A (ko) * | 2016-08-23 | 2018-03-07 | (주) 우조하이텍 | 이소시아네이트의 삼량화 반응을 적용하여 제조한 난연성 폴리 우레탄-우레아 하이브리드 코팅제 및 이의 제조방법 |
JP2019077823A (ja) * | 2017-10-26 | 2019-05-23 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | ポリエステル系樹脂組成物およびその成形体 |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20230071258A (ko) * | 2021-11-16 | 2023-05-23 | 주식회사 빅스 | 고내열성 실리콘 변성 반응성 우레탄 핫멜트 접착제 및 이를 이용한 코팅 원단의 제조방법 |
KR102574627B1 (ko) | 2021-11-16 | 2023-09-06 | 주식회사 빅스 | 고내열성 실리콘 변성 반응성 우레탄 핫멜트 접착제 및 이를 이용한 코팅 원단의 제조방법 |
CN114274642A (zh) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-05 | 无锡翔隆高分子面料有限公司 | 一种热塑性聚氨酯面料及其制备方法和应用 |
CN114274642B (zh) * | 2021-12-24 | 2024-05-31 | 无锡翔隆高分子面料有限公司 | 一种热塑性聚氨酯面料及其制备方法和应用 |
KR20240068923A (ko) | 2022-11-10 | 2024-05-20 | 주식회사 네패스야하드 | 스프레이 도포성이 우수한 난연성 핫멜트 감압접착제 및 이의 제조에 사용되는 조성물 |
KR20240077577A (ko) | 2022-11-23 | 2024-06-03 | 주식회사 빅스 | 내열성이 우수한 난연 반응성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제 및 이를 이용한 코팅 원단의 제조방법 |
KR102689619B1 (ko) | 2022-11-23 | 2024-07-31 | 주식회사 빅스 | 내열성이 우수한 난연 반응성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제 및 이를 이용한 코팅 원단의 제조방법 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
KR102188218B1 (ko) | 내열성이 우수한 난연형 반응성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제 및 이를 이용한 코팅 원단의 제조방법 | |
KR101709909B1 (ko) | 우수한 내열성을 갖는 반응성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제 및 이를 이용한 코팅 원단의 제조방법 | |
CN101547991B (zh) | 湿气固化型聚氨酯热熔粘合剂和使用其的层叠体及透湿薄膜 | |
US11629277B2 (en) | Moisture curable polyurethane adhesive composition | |
CN101180181B (zh) | 制备防水层叠体的方法 | |
EP2547744B1 (en) | Silane moisture curable hot melts | |
KR102220758B1 (ko) | 습기 경화형 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 수지 조성물, 및 적층체 | |
KR101514107B1 (ko) | 우레탄프레폴리머 | |
US8791184B2 (en) | Two-component polyurethane adhesives with thixotropic effect | |
TWI794284B (zh) | 合成皮革之製造方法 | |
KR101116291B1 (ko) | 투습성이 우수한 무용제형 폴리우레탄 접착제의 제조방법 | |
US20220356383A1 (en) | Reactive Hot Melt Adhesive Composition and Use Thereof | |
WO2020227535A1 (en) | Reactive polyurethane hot melt adhesive composition, preparation, and use | |
KR101972774B1 (ko) | 비팽창 특성을 가지는 반응성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제 및 이를 이용한 코팅원단의 제조방법 | |
KR101248479B1 (ko) | 고투습성 우레탄 핫멜트 접착제 수지조성물 | |
US20040198899A1 (en) | Reactive hot melt adhesive with improved hydrolysis resistance | |
EP4370621A1 (en) | A moisture resistant two-component adhesive composition | |
CN104364330A (zh) | 涂布剂、以及使用该涂布剂的涂膜和膜 | |
KR100965469B1 (ko) | 무용매형 습기 경화성 핫 멜트 우레탄 수지 조성물 | |
KR102383278B1 (ko) | 우수한 접착 특성과 내열성 및 세탁 후 내구성을 갖는 난연성 습기경화형 접착제의 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 섬유코팅 원단 | |
JP6485726B1 (ja) | 合成皮革の製造方法 | |
KR102689619B1 (ko) | 내열성이 우수한 난연 반응성 폴리우레탄 핫멜트 접착제 및 이를 이용한 코팅 원단의 제조방법 | |
JP7635893B2 (ja) | 湿気硬化型ポリウレタンホットメルト樹脂組成物、接着剤、及び、合成皮革 | |
EP4516831A1 (en) | A reactive hot melt adhesive composition, an article comprising the same and use thereof | |
TW202342684A (zh) | 胺基甲酸乙酯預聚物組成物、濕氣硬化型接著劑、積層體及合成皮 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PA0109 | Patent application |
Patent event code: PA01091R01D Comment text: Patent Application Patent event date: 20191127 |
|
PA0201 | Request for examination | ||
E701 | Decision to grant or registration of patent right | ||
PE0701 | Decision of registration |
Patent event code: PE07011S01D Comment text: Decision to Grant Registration Patent event date: 20201119 |
|
GRNT | Written decision to grant | ||
PR0701 | Registration of establishment |
Comment text: Registration of Establishment Patent event date: 20201202 Patent event code: PR07011E01D |
|
PR1002 | Payment of registration fee |
Payment date: 20201202 End annual number: 3 Start annual number: 1 |
|
PG1601 | Publication of registration | ||
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20231115 Start annual number: 4 End annual number: 4 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20241028 Start annual number: 5 End annual number: 5 |