KR102076675B1 - 연료에 사용하기 위한 박막 촉매 물질 - Google Patents
연료에 사용하기 위한 박막 촉매 물질 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR102076675B1 KR102076675B1 KR1020147026886A KR20147026886A KR102076675B1 KR 102076675 B1 KR102076675 B1 KR 102076675B1 KR 1020147026886 A KR1020147026886 A KR 1020147026886A KR 20147026886 A KR20147026886 A KR 20147026886A KR 102076675 B1 KR102076675 B1 KR 102076675B1
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- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- thin film
- catalyst
- catalyst coating
- support material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 35
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 185
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 platinum group metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 84
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 29
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
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- 239000010411 electrocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 12
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
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- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/925—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8647—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells consisting of more than one material, e.g. consisting of composites
- H01M4/8652—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells consisting of more than one material, e.g. consisting of composites as mixture
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Abstract
Description
Claims (22)
- (i) 지지체 물질 및 (ii) 상기 지지체 물질에 인접한 내면, 및 외면을 갖는 박막 촉매 코팅을 포함하며, 상기 박막 촉매 코팅이 ≤ 8nm의 평균 두께를 갖고, 상기 지지체 물질 표면적의 40% 이상이 박막 촉매 코팅에 의해 덮이고; 상기 박막 촉매 코팅은 제1 금속 및 하나 이상의 제2 금속을 포함하고, 제1 금속 및 하나 이상의 제2 금속의 합금화가 존재하고, 박막 촉매 코팅의 외면에서 제1 금속의 원자 백분율이 50 내지 100 원자%이고, 박막 촉매 코팅의 외면에서 제1 금속의 원자 백분율이 박막 촉매 코팅의 내면에서 제1 금속의 원자 백분율보다 큰 촉매 물질.
- (i) 지지체 물질 및 (ii) 상기 지지체 물질에 인접한 내면, 및 외면을 갖는 박막 촉매 코팅을 포함하며, 상기 박막 촉매 코팅이 25㎡/g 이상의 표면적을 갖고, 상기 지지체 물질 표면적의 40% 이상이 박막 촉매 코팅에 의해 덮이고; 상기 박막 촉매 코팅은 제1 금속 및 하나 이상의 제2 금속을 포함하고, 제1 금속 및 하나 이상의 제2 금속의 합금화가 존재하고, 박막 촉매 코팅의 외면에서 제1 금속의 원자 백분율이 50 내지 100 원자%이고, 박막 촉매 코팅의 외면에서 제1 금속의 원자 백분율이 박막 촉매 코팅의 내면에서 제1 금속의 원자 백분율보다 큰 촉매 물질.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 제1 금속이 백금족 금속으로부터 선택된 것인 촉매 물질.
- 제3항에 있어서, 제1 금속이 백금 또는 이리듐인 촉매 물질.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 하나 이상의 제2 금속이 제1 금속과 상이하고, 전이 금속, 희토류 금속, 알칼리 금속, 알칼리 토금속, IVA족 금속 및 VA족 금속; 또는 이들의 산화물로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 것인 촉매 물질.
- 제5항에 있어서, 하나 이상의 제2 금속이 크롬, 코발트, 니켈, 아연, 이트륨, 니오븀, 주석, 탄탈륨, 스칸듐, 팔라듐, 이리듐, 란타늄, 구리, 티타늄, 은, 금, 로듐, 백금, 텅스텐, 오스뮴, 바나듐, 루테늄, 철, 세륨, 가돌리늄, 나트륨, 칼륨, 칼슘, 스트론튬, 납 및 비스무트로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 것인 촉매 물질.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 지지체 물질이 섬유인 촉매 물질.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 지지체 물질이 미립자인 촉매 물질.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 지지체 물질과 박막 촉매 코팅 사이에 중간층이 존재하는 촉매 물질.
- 제9항에 있어서, 중간층이 금속, 금속 질화물, 혼합된 금속 질화물, 금속 산화물, 탄소 또는 붕소-도핑된 다이아몬드로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 것인 촉매 물질.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 제3 금속 및 선택적으로 하나 이상의 제4 금속을 포함하는 부가적인 촉매 성분을 추가로 포함하는 촉매 물질.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 따른 다수의 촉매 물질을 포함하는 촉매층.
- 기체 확산층 및 제12항에 따른 촉매층을 포함하는 전극.
- 양성자 전도성 막 및 제12항에 따른 촉매층을 포함하는 촉매처리된 막.
- 전이 기재 및 제12항에 따른 촉매층을 포함하는 촉매처리된 전이 기재.
- 제12항에 따른 촉매층을 포함하는 막 전극 조립체.
- 제13항에 따른 전극을 포함하는 막 전극 조립체.
- 제14항에 따른 촉매처리된 막을 포함하는 막 전극 조립체.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 따른 촉매 물질을 포함하는 연료 전지.
- 제12항에 따른 촉매층을 포함하는 연료 전지.
- 제13항에 따른 전극을 포함하는 연료 전지.
- 제14항에 따른 촉매처리된 막을 포함하는 연료 전지.
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GBGB1205691.7A GB201205691D0 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2012-03-30 | Catalytic material |
GB1205691.7 | 2012-03-30 | ||
GB1211560.6 | 2012-06-29 | ||
GBGB1211560.6A GB201211560D0 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-06-29 | Catalytic material |
PCT/GB2013/050815 WO2013144631A1 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-03-28 | Thin film catalytic material for use in fuel |
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US (1) | US9577269B2 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP2830762B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP6209586B2 (ko) |
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GB201214326D0 (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-09-26 | Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd | Process |
US9979028B2 (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2018-05-22 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Conformal thin film of precious metal on a support |
US20150364772A1 (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2015-12-17 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method to prepare alloys of platinum-group metals and early transition metals |
GB201505311D0 (en) | 2015-03-27 | 2015-05-13 | Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd | Process |
GB201511344D0 (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-08-12 | Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd | Electrocatalyst |
US10818933B2 (en) | 2016-03-12 | 2020-10-27 | University Of Wyoming | Methods, catalysts, and supports for electrochemical devices |
GB201609151D0 (en) | 2016-05-25 | 2016-07-06 | Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd | Catalyst |
DE102016111981A1 (de) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-04 | Volkswagen Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines geträgerten Katalysatormaterials für eine Brennstoffzelle |
CN110114134B (zh) * | 2016-09-08 | 2022-05-13 | 里兰斯坦福初级大学理事会 | 电化学催化剂的原子层沉积 |
US20180087164A1 (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2018-03-29 | California Institute Of Technology | Tuning electrode surface electronics with thin layers |
JP7529403B2 (ja) | 2017-06-13 | 2024-08-06 | ザ ボード オブ トラスティーズ オブ ザ レランド スタンフォード ジュニア ユニバーシティー | 増大した触媒活性を備えた電気化学触媒 |
KR101854434B1 (ko) * | 2017-07-13 | 2018-05-03 | 금호석유화학 주식회사 | 금속 산화물이 코팅된 촉매 성형체와 그의 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 1,3-부타디엔 제조방법 |
KR101901223B1 (ko) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-09-21 | 광주과학기술원 | 자동차용 연료전지를 위한 다기능성 비백금 담지 촉매 및 그 제조 방법 |
JP7061249B2 (ja) * | 2018-02-21 | 2022-04-28 | 国立大学法人山梨大学 | 水素発生触媒、水素発生装置、水素発生方法 |
KR102155534B1 (ko) * | 2018-10-17 | 2020-09-15 | 광주과학기술원 | 비백금계 산소환원 활성 촉매 및 이의 제조 방법 |
GB201903950D0 (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-05-08 | Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd | Catalyst |
EP3913114A1 (de) * | 2020-05-20 | 2021-11-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Elektrochemisches system zur wasserspaltung |
EP3940116A1 (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2022-01-19 | Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast- natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO | Method for providing a substrate for an electrochemical cell with a catalytic material |
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