KR102048064B1 - 화학적 개질을 이용한 이온교환막의 제조방법 및 이에 따라 제조된 이온교환막 - Google Patents
화학적 개질을 이용한 이온교환막의 제조방법 및 이에 따라 제조된 이온교환막 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102048064B1 KR102048064B1 KR1020180042301A KR20180042301A KR102048064B1 KR 102048064 B1 KR102048064 B1 KR 102048064B1 KR 1020180042301 A KR1020180042301 A KR 1020180042301A KR 20180042301 A KR20180042301 A KR 20180042301A KR 102048064 B1 KR102048064 B1 KR 102048064B1
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- reaction
- sulfonic acid
- exchange membrane
- ion exchange
- membrane
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- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 50
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 39
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000005586 carbonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 perfluoro Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
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- DOBRDRYODQBAMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(i) cyanide Chemical compound [Cu+].N#[C-] DOBRDRYODQBAMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic chloride Chemical compound ClP=O RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GKKCIDNWFBPDBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium cyanate Chemical compound [K]OC#N GKKCIDNWFBPDBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium thiocyanate Chemical compound [K+].[S-]C#N ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- LFAGQMCIGQNPJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver cyanide Chemical compound [Ag+].N#[C-] LFAGQMCIGQNPJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZVCDLGYNFYZZOK-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium cyanate Chemical compound [Na]OC#N ZVCDLGYNFYZZOK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
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- JMGNVALALWCTLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-2-(2-fluoroethenoxy)ethene Chemical compound FC=COC=CF JMGNVALALWCTLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
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- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 22
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- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 7
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000010220 ion permeability Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium cyanide Chemical compound [K+].N#[C-] NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- WPJWIROQQFWMMK-UHFFFAOYSA-L beryllium dihydroxide Chemical compound [Be+2].[OH-].[OH-] WPJWIROQQFWMMK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
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- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229940098221 silver cyanide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003934 Aciplex® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001865 beryllium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011883 electrode binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229940116357 potassium thiocyanate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006310 Asahi-Kasei Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001157 Fourier transform infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZCSBTFFNBOTKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cl+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O Chemical group [Cl+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O CZCSBTFFNBOTKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 반응 단계별 EDX 분석 결과를 보여주는 도면이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 실시예와 비교예의 반응 단계별 주요 ATR 스펙트럼을 보여주는 그래프이다.
도 4는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 이온교환막의 염소화 반응 정도를 확인할 수 있는 FT-IR 그래프이다.
도 5는 본 발명의 실시예와 비교예에 따라 제조된 이온교환막의 이온전도도(Na+ ion Conductivity)를 보여주는 도면이다.
도 6은 본 발명의 실시예와 비교예에 따라 제조된 이온교환막의 정전류인가를 통한 전기화학적 내구성을 보여주는 그래프이다.
도 7은 본 발명의 실시예와 비교예에 따라 제조된 이온교환막의 성능 및 에너지 소모량을 보여주는 도면이다.
도 8은 본 발명의 실시예와 비교예에 따라 제조된 이온교환막의 이온투과 차단성(OH- ion Permeability)을 보여주는 도면이다.
Claims (24)
- 과불소계 술폰산 전해질막의 술폰산기를 탄산기로 개질하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법으로서,
a) 과불소계 술폰산 전해질막의 술폰산기를 염소화 반응시키는 단계;
b) 상기 염소화 반응이 수행된 전해질막을 나이트릴화 반응시키는 단계; 및
c) 상기 나이트릴화 반응이 수행된 전해질막을 가수분해 반응시키는 단계를 포함하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 a) 단계에서 과불소계 술폰산 전해질막의 술폰산기 일부를 염소화 반응시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 b) 나이트릴화 반응 단계 전에 술폰산기의 일부를 복원시키는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법. - 제2항 또는 제3항에 있어서,
상기 과불소계 술폰산 전해질막의 술폰산기 일부가 탄산기로 화학적 개질되어 이중층 구조를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 과불소계 술폰산 전해질막의 술폰산기 전체가 탄산기로 화학적 개질된 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 과불소계 술폰산 전해질막은 과불소계 술폰산 이오노머 기반의 단일 고분자 전해질막 또는 다공성 지지체를 포함하는 강화복합막인 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법. - 제6항에 있어서,
상기 과불소계 술폰산 이오노머는 폴리(퍼플루오로술폰산), 술폰산기를 포함하는 테트라플루오로에틸렌과 플루오로비닐에테르의 공중합체 또는 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군으로부터 1종 이상 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법. - 제6항에 있어서,
상기 강화복합막의 다공성 지지체는 폴리테르라플루오로에틸렌, 폴리비닐디플루오로에틸렌, 폴리에틸렌, 폴리프로필렌, 폴리에틸렌테레프탈레이트, 폴리이미드 및 폴리아미드로 이루어진 군으로부터 1종 이상 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 염소화 반응은 과불소계 술폰산 전해질막을 SOCl2, MeSO2Cl, PCl5, POCl3, 디클로로메탄(DCM)으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상의 화합물을 포함하는 용액으로 처리하여 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법. - 제9항에 있어서,
상기 염소화 반응 용액의 농도는 0.5 내지 20 M 범위인 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 염소화 반응은 10 내지 110℃에서 30초 내지 24시간 동안 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법. - 제3항에 있어서,
상기 술폰산기의 복원 단계는 전해질막을 NaOH, KOH, LiOH, Be(OH)2, Ca(OH)2로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상의 화합물을 포함하는 수용액으로 처리하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법. - 제12항에 있어서,
상기 술폰산기의 복원 단계에 사용된 용액의 농도는 0.01 내지 10 M 범위인 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법. - 제3항에 있어서,
상기 술폰산기의 복원 단계는 10 내지 100℃에서 30초 내지 24시간 동안 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법. - 제3항에 있어서,
상기 술폰산기의 복원 단계는 반응이 진행된 후 세척 및 건조 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 나이트릴화 반응은 염소화 반응이 수행된 전해질막을 KCN, CH3CN, KOCN, KSCN, NaOCN, AgCN, CuCN으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상의 화합물을 포함하는 용액으로 처리하여 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법. - 제16항에 있어서,
상기 나이트릴화 반응 용액의 농도는 0.01 내지 10 M 범위인 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 나이트릴화 반응은 10 내지 120℃에서 30초 내지 24시간 동안 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 가수분해 반응은 나이트릴화 반응이 수행된 전해질막을 HCl, H2SO4, H3PO4, HNO3, NaOH, KOH, LiOH, Be(OH)2, Ca(OH)2로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상의 화합물을 포함하는 수용액 또는 초순수로 처리하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법. - 제19항에 있어서,
상기 가수분해 반응 용액의 농도는 0.01 내지 10 M 범위 또는 초순수인 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 가수분해 반응은 10 내지 120℃에서 30초 내지 24시간 동안 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 염소화 반응 단계, 나이트릴화 반응 단계, 가수분해 단계는 각 반응이 진행된 후 세척 및 건조 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막의 제조 방법. - 삭제
- 제2항 또는 제3항에 따른 이온교환막의 제조 방법에 의해 술폰산기 일부가 탄산기로 개질되어 이중층 구조를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 이온교환막.
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- 2018-04-12 KR KR1020180042725A patent/KR102048070B1/ko active Active
- 2018-04-19 EP EP18787265.0A patent/EP3613799B1/en active Active
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KR102659583B1 (ko) * | 2021-03-16 | 2024-04-23 | 현대모비스 주식회사 | 고분자 전해질막 및 이를 포함하는 연료전지 |
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KR102048070B1 (ko) | 2019-11-22 |
EP3613799A4 (en) | 2021-03-31 |
US11053365B2 (en) | 2021-07-06 |
EP3613799B1 (en) | 2024-06-05 |
KR20180118525A (ko) | 2018-10-31 |
US20200122093A1 (en) | 2020-04-23 |
KR20180118529A (ko) | 2018-10-31 |
EP3613799A2 (en) | 2020-02-26 |
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