KR102018470B1 - 충전식 고체 리튬 이온 배터리용 캐소드 재료 - Google Patents
충전식 고체 리튬 이온 배터리용 캐소드 재료 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102018470B1 KR102018470B1 KR1020187005320A KR20187005320A KR102018470B1 KR 102018470 B1 KR102018470 B1 KR 102018470B1 KR 1020187005320 A KR1020187005320 A KR 1020187005320A KR 20187005320 A KR20187005320 A KR 20187005320A KR 102018470 B1 KR102018470 B1 KR 102018470B1
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- oxide powder
- lithium
- metal oxide
- transition metal
- powder
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 title description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910021437 lithium-transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910018871 CoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VGYDTVNNDKLMHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;manganese;nickel;oxocobalt Chemical compound [Li].[Mn].[Ni].[Co]=O VGYDTVNNDKLMHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910018539 Ni—Mn—Co Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910020599 Co 3 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 101100439208 Caenorhabditis elegans cex-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 30
- 229910001317 nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 30
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 29
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 26
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006369 KF polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002203 sulfidic glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- RBORURQQJIQWBS-QVRNUERCSA-N (4ar,6r,7r,7as)-6-(6-amino-8-bromopurin-9-yl)-2-hydroxy-2-sulfanylidene-4a,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-4h-furo[3,2-d][1,3,2]dioxaphosphinin-7-ol Chemical compound C([C@H]1O2)OP(O)(=S)O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2N1C(N=CN=C2N)=C2N=C1Br RBORURQQJIQWBS-QVRNUERCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010021036 Hyponatraemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910018119 Li 3 PO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013184 LiBO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015118 LiMO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013641 LiNbO 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910016669 Ni0.50Mn0.30Co0.20 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOJVVFBFDXDTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Norphytane Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C XOJVVFBFDXDTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910020346 SiS 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Mn].[Co].[Ni] KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YQOXCVSNNFQMLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Ni]=O.[Co] Chemical compound [Mn].[Ni]=O.[Co] YQOXCVSNNFQMLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+);cobalt(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Co+2].[Co+3].[Co+3] UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007771 core particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006276 transfer reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluralin Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010947 wet-dispersion method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- C01G51/40—Complex oxides containing cobalt and at least one other metal element
- C01G51/42—Complex oxides containing cobalt and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiCoO2
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- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
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- C01G53/42—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
- C01G53/50—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type (MnO2)n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2 or Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
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- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
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- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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Abstract
Description
도 2 : NMC 분말의 SEM 이미지
도 3 : PVDF 개질된 Cex1(a) 및 Ex1(b)의 SEM 이미지
도 4 : Ex1 및 Cex1의 사이클성
유형 | 사이클 번호 | 충전 | 방전 | ||||||
충방전율 (C rate) |
종료 전류 | 휴지(분) |
V/Li 금속 (V) | 충방전율 | 종료 전류 | 휴지(분) | V/Li 금속 (V) | ||
파트 I : 율속 특성 |
1 | 0.10 | - | 30 | 4.3 | 0.10 | - | 30 | 3.0 |
2 | 0.25 | 0.05C | 10 | 4.3 | 1.00 | - | 10 | 3.0 | |
3 | 0.25 | 0.05C | 10 | 4.3 | 2.00 | - | 10 | 3.0 | |
4 | 0.25 | 0.05C | 10 | 4.3 | 3.00 | - | 10 | 3.0 | |
파트 II : 1C 사이클 수명 |
5 | 0.25 | 0.1C | 10 | 4.5 | 0.10 | - | 10 | 3.0 |
6 | 0.25 | 0.1C | 10 | 4.5 | 1.00 | - | 10 | 3.0 | |
7~31 | 0.50 | 0.1C | 10 | 4.5 | 1.00 | - | 10 | 3.0 | |
32 | 0.25 | 0.1C | 10 | 4.5 | 0.10 | - | 10 | 3.0 | |
33 | 0.25 | 0.1C | 10 | 4.5 | 1.00 | - | 10 | 3.0 | |
파트 III : 1C/1C 사이클 수명 |
34~58 | 1.00 | - | 10 | 4.5 | 1.00 | - | 10 | 3.0 |
1C = 160 mA/g |
사이클 번호 | 충전 | 방전 | ||||||
충방전율 | 종료 전류 | 휴지(분) | V/Li 금속 (V) | 충방전율 | 종료 전류 | 휴지(분) | V/Li 금속 (V) | |
1 | 0.10 | 0.05C | 10 | 4.4 | 0.10 | - | 10 | 3.0 |
2 | 0.2 | 0.05C | 10 | 4.4 | 1 | - | 10 | 3.0 |
3 | 0.2 | 0.05C | 10 | 4.4 | 5 | - | 10 | 3.0 |
4 | 0.2 | 0.05C | 10 | 4.4 | 10 | - | 10 | 3.0 |
5 | 0.2 | 0.05C | 10 | 4.4 | 15 | - | 10 | 3.0 |
6 | 0.2 | 0.05C | 10 | 4.4 | 20 | - | 10 | 3.0 |
샘플 ID | D50(㎛) | BET(m2/g) |
Ex1 | 43.95 | 0.29 |
CEx1 | 47.52 | 0.14 |
P1 | 49.09 | - |
샘플 ID | CQ1 (mAh/g) |
DQ1 (mAh/g) |
Qirr (%) |
DQ5 (mAh/g) |
비율(%) | ||
1C | 2C | 3C | |||||
Ex1 | 163.14 | 156.43 | 4.11 | 187.93 | 94.51 | 91.98 | 90.15 |
CEx1 | 160.85 | 153.13 | 4.80 | 180.25 | 92.08 | 84.72 | 75.80 |
페이딩(%/100) | ||||||
0.1C QFad. | 1C/1C QFad. | 1C/1C QFad. | 0.1C EFad. | 1C/1C EFad. | 1C/1C EFad. | |
Ex1 | 29.11 | 69.69 | 134.54 | 41.31 | 95.36 | 149.03 |
Cex1 | 63.17 | 173.98 | 257.85 | 91.53 | 196.62 | 257.08 |
샘플 ID | 비율(%) | ||||
1C | 5C | 10C | 15C | 20C | |
CEx1 | 96.01 | 90.63 | 87.34 | 84.88 | 81.98 |
Claims (13)
- 고체 리튬 이온 배터리 중 양극 재료를 위한 리튬 전이 금속 산화물 분말로서, 상기 분말은 코어와 내측 및 외측 층으로 이루어진 표면 층을 갖는 입자로 이루어지며, 분말은 35 ㎛ 내지 60 ㎛의 D50을 가지며, 상기 코어는 일반식 LixCoO2를 갖고 여기서 0.99 < x < 1.04이며, 내측 표면 층은 LiyNi1 -a- bMnaCobO2를 포함하며 여기서 0 < y < 1, 0.3 < a < 0.8 및 0 < b < 0.3이며, 외측 표면 층은 일반식 Li1+z(Ni1-m-nMnmCon)1-zO2를 갖는 개별 모놀리식(monolithic) 서브미크론 크기의 입자로 이루어지며 여기서 0 ≤ z ≤ 0.05, 0 < m ≤ 0.50 및 0 < n ≤ 0.70인 리튬 전이 금속 산화물 분말.
- 제1항에 있어서, 0.20 < y < 0.60, 0.45 < a < 0.60 및 0.05 ≤ b ≤ 0.15인 리튬 전이 금속 산화물 분말.
- 제1항에 있어서, 0 < z < 0.03, 0.25 ≤ m ≤ 0.35 및 0.15 ≤ n ≤ 0.25인 리튬 전이 금속 산화물 분말.
- 제1항에 있어서, 표면 층의 적용 전의 코어 재료의 BET 값의 2배 이상인 BET 값을 갖는 리튬 전이 금속 산화물 분말.
- 제4항에 있어서, 0.20 m2/g 이상의 BET 값을 갖는 리튬 전이 금속 산화물 분말.
- 제1항에 있어서, 코어는 5 몰% 이하의 도펀트 A를 추가로 포함하며, 상기 A는 Al, Mg, Ti, Cr, V, Fe 및 Ga로 이루어진 군의 하나 이상의 원소인 리튬 전이 금속 산화물 분말.
- 제1항에 있어서, 표면 층은 5 몰% 이하의 도펀트 A'를 추가로 포함하며, 상기 A'는 A, F, S, N, Ca, Sr, Y, La, Ce 및 Zr로 이루어진 군의 하나 이상의 원소이고, 상기 A는 Al, Mg, Ti, Cr, V, Fe 및 Ga로 이루어진 군의 하나 이상의 원소인 리튬 전이 금속 산화물 분말.
- 제1항에 있어서, 내측 표면 층은 코어 재료에 밀집하여 소결된 다수의 아일랜드로 이루어지고, 아일랜드는 두께가 100 nm 이상인 Mn 및 Ni가 풍부한 아일랜드이며 코어 표면의 70% 미만을 덮는 것인 리튬 전이 금속 산화물 분말.
- 제1항의 리튬 전이 금속 산화물 분말을 제조하는 방법으로서,
- Li:Co의 몰비가 1.07:1 내지 1.12:1인, 탄산리튬과 Co3O4의 제1 혼합물을 제공하는 단계,
- 제1 혼합물을 공기 분위기 하에 8시간 내지 24시간 동안 950℃ 내지 1050℃의 온도에서 소성시켜, 35 ㎛ 내지 60 ㎛의 D50 값을 갖는 코어 재료를 얻는 단계,
- 코어 재료와, 제1 Li-Ni-Mn-Co-산화물 또는 Ni-Mn-Co 전구체 분말과 Li-전구체 화합물의 세트의 제2 혼합물을 제공하는 단계,
- 제2 혼합물을 1시간 내지 48시간 동안 900℃ 이상의 온도에서 소결하는 단계,
- 일반식 Li1 +z(Ni1 -m- nMnmCon)1- zO2를 갖는 제2 리튬 니켈-망간-코발트 산화물 분말을 제공하는 단계로서, 여기서 0 ≤ z ≤ 0.05, 0 < m ≤ 0.40 및 0 < n ≤ 0.30인 단계,
- 제2 리튬 니켈-망간-코발트 산화물 분말의 D50 값을 1 ㎛ 밑으로 감소시키는 단계, 및
- 제2 리튬 니켈-망간-코발트 산화물 분말을 소결된 제2 혼합물과 혼합하고, 얻어진 혼합물을 3시간 내지 10시간 동안 750℃ 내지 850℃의 온도에서 가열하는 단계
를 포함하는, 리튬 전이 금속 산화물 분말을 제조하는 방법. - 제9항에 있어서, 소결된 제1 혼합물은 Mn 및 Ni 보유 LiCoO2 입자로 이루어지고, 상기 입자는 이의 표면 상에 Mn 및 Ni가 풍부한 아일랜드를 가지며, 상기 아일랜드는 5 몰% 이상의 Mn을 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서, 제2 리튬 니켈-망간-코발트 산화물 분말의 D50 값은 100 nm 내지 200 nm의 값으로 감소되는 것인 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서, 제2 리튬 니켈-망간-코발트 산화물 분말의 양은 소결된 제2 혼합물의 3 중량% 내지 10 중량%인 방법.
- 제1항의 리튬 전이 금속 산화물 분말을 포함하는 충전식 고체 리튬 이온 배터리.
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