KR101996419B1 - 센서 융합 기반 보행자 탐지 및 보행자 충돌 방지 장치 및 방법 - Google Patents
센서 융합 기반 보행자 탐지 및 보행자 충돌 방지 장치 및 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR101996419B1 KR101996419B1 KR1020160184302A KR20160184302A KR101996419B1 KR 101996419 B1 KR101996419 B1 KR 101996419B1 KR 1020160184302 A KR1020160184302 A KR 1020160184302A KR 20160184302 A KR20160184302 A KR 20160184302A KR 101996419 B1 KR101996419 B1 KR 101996419B1
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- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 자동차에 따른 PDCMS 상태 변화를 나타내는 블록도이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 자동차의 PDCMS 작동 장치를 개략적으로 나타낸 블록도이다.
도 4는 AEB VRU 시나리오를 나타낸 예시도이다.
도 5는 CVFA 시나리오에서의 초기 위치 설정을 나타낸 예시도이다.
도 6은 시뮬레이션에 사용된 보행자 속도 프로파일을 나타낸 예시도이다.
도 7은 보행자 상대거리와 상대각도의 시뮬레이션 결과를 나타낸 예시도이다.
도 8은 레이더의 거리 및 속도 측정 원리를 나타낸 예시도이다.
도 9는 소실점을 이용한 영상에서의 거리 계산 원리를 나타낸 예시도이다.
도 10은 원적외선 영상의 보행자 인식을 나타낸 예시도이다.
도 11은 LEDDAR을 이용한 보행자 탐지를 나타낸 예시도이다.
도 12는 3D Lidar를 이용한 보행자 신호를 나타낸 예시도이다.
도 13은 레이더를 이용한 보행자 탐지를 나타낸 예시도이다.
도 14는 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 전방 감지 센서의 구성도이다.
도 15는 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 레이더 탐지정보 후처리부의 레이더 탐지정보 후처리 과정을 나타낸 예시도이다.
도 16은 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 유사도 계산부의 측정치 생성을 나타낸 예시도이다.
도 17은 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 레이더 탐지정보와 원적외선 인식정보의 종/횡방향 상대위치 융합을 직교좌표계 사용과 극좌표계 사용으로 비교하여 나타낸 예시도이다.
도 18은 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 전방 감지 센서의 출력 결과를 나타낸 예시도이다.
도 19는 보행자 이동 속도의 개념을 나타낸다.
도 20은 본 발명에 따른 PDCMS 기능을 작동시키기 위한 매핑 테이블의 일실시예를 나타낸다.
도 21은 본 발명에 따른 PDCMS 기능 작동 방법의 일실시예의 흐름을 나타낸 흐름도이다.
200: 전방 감지 센서
210: 레이더 센서
211: 레이더 탐지정보 후처리부
220: 원적외선 카메라 센서
230: 정보융합부
231: 정합성 판단부
232: 유사도 계산부
233: 상태변수 갱신부
234: 추적정보 관리부
300: 차량 센서
400: 전자 제어 유닛
500: 경보부
600: 보행자
700: 자동차
Claims (14)
- 자동차의 주행 차선 상 보행자의 존재, 상기 보행자의 상기 자동차에 대한 거리 및 상대 속도를 감지하는 전방 감지 센서;
상기 자동차의 속도를 감지하는 차량 센서;
상기 전방 감지 센서와 상기 차량 센서에서 감지한 정보를 기반으로 PDCMS(Pedestrian Detection and Collision Mitigation System) 기능을 작동하는 전자 제어 유닛; 및
상기 전자 제어 유닛의 제어에 의하여 운전자에게 상기 자동차와 상기 보행자의 충돌을 알리도록 작동하는 경보부를 포함하고,
상기 전방 감지 센서는,
상기 보행자로부터 반사되는 전파를 이용해 상기 자동차의 주행 차선 상 상기 보행자를 탐지하여 레이더 탐지정보를 생성하는 레이더 센서;
상기 보행자가 방사하는 열을 영상화하여 원적외선 인식정보를 생성하는 원적외선 카메라 센서; 및
상기 레이더 탐지정보 및 원적외선 인식정보를 융합하는 정보융합부를 포함하며,
상기 PDCMS 기능은 상기 경보부의 작동, 및 상기 운전자의 브레이크 조작 여부에 관계없는 상기 브레이크의 작동 활성화를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하고,
상기 전자 제어 유닛은 상기 자동차의 속도가 제1임계 속도보다 낮거나 또는 제2임계 속도보다 큰 경우 상기 PDCMS 기능을 비활성화하여 상기 PDCMS 기능이 작동되지 않도록 제어하고,
상기 전방 감지 센서는,
상기 레이더 탐지정보 중 보행자가 아닌 결과를 원적외선 인식정보와 융합 전 제거하는 레이더 탐지정보 후처리부를 더 포함하고,
상기 레이더 탐지정보 후처리부는,
시간에 따른 각도값에 기초하는 필터링, 탐지거리 및 탐지각도에 기초하는 필터링 및 반사전력과 탐지 너비에 기초하는 필터링을 순차적으로 이용하여 상기 레이더 탐지정보 중 보행자가 아닌 결과를 제거하는,
자동차의 PDCMS 작동 장치. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 정보융합부는,
상기 레이더 탐지정보와 원적외선 인식정보 간의 상관관계를 계산하여 이진행렬을 구성하는 정합성 판단부;
상기 정합성 판단부에서 구성한 이진행렬을 이용해 측정치를 생성하고, 상기 측정치와 이전 시점의 트랙 추적정보 간의 상태변수 영역에서의 유사도를 계산하는 유사도 계산부;
상기 측정치와 상태변수를 이용해 칼만 필터링(Kalman Filtering)을 수행하여 각 추적정보를 갱신하는 상태변수 갱신부; 및
상기 트랙의 병합, 생성 및 삭제를 수행하는 추적정보 관리부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는,
자동차의 PDCMS 작동 장치. - 제 2 항에 있어서,
상기 유사도 계산부는 상기 레이더 탐지정보와 원적외선 인식정보의 종/횡방향 상대위치를 극좌표계를 이용해 표현함으로써 상기 측정치를 생성하는 것을 특징으로 하는,
자동차의 PDCMS 작동 장치. - 제 2 항에 있어서,
상기 상태변수 갱신부는 확장 칼만 필터(Extended Kalman Filter)를 적용하여 칼만 필터링을 수행하는 것을 특징으로 하는,
자동차의 PDCMS 작동 장치. - 삭제
- 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 레이더 탐지정보는 64개 이하의 수로 생성되는 것을 특징으로 하는,
자동차의 PDCMS 작동 장치. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 원적외선 인식정보는 8개 이하의 수로 생성되는 것을 특징으로 하는,
자동차의 PDCMS 작동 장치. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 전자 제어 유닛은,
상기 브레이크의 작동 활성화를 상기 브레이크의 작동 활성화 시점부터 상기 자동차와 상기 보행자의 충돌 시점까지 상기 자동차의 속도를 최소한 소정의 속도 이상 감소시키도록 수행하는 것을 특징으로 하는,
자동차의 PDCMS 작동 장치. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 전자 제어 유닛은,
상기 브레이크의 작동 활성화를 시작한 뒤에도 상기 운전자에 의하여 가능한 최대치의 감속을 위한 브레이크 조작을 허용하는 것을 특징으로 하는,
자동차의 PDCMS 작동 장치. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 전자 제어 유닛은,
상기 자동차의 속도가 상기 제1임계 속도 이상이고 상기 제2임계 속도 이하인 경우 비활성화된 상기 PDCMS 기능을 활성화하여 상기 PDCMS 기능이 작동되도록 제어하는,
자동차의 PDCMS 작동 장치. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 경보부는,
상기 자동차와 상기 보행자의 충돌을 시각적으로 알리는 디스플레이부 또는 상기 자동차와 상기 보행자의 충돌을 청각적으로 알리는 스피커부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는,
자동차의 PDCMS 작동 장치. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 PDCMS 기능은 후방 브레이크 램프 작동을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는,
자동차의 PDCMS 작동 장치. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 PDCMS 기능은 차체 자세 제어 장치(ESC: Electrical Stability Control) 작동을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는,
자동차의 PDCMS 작동 장치. - 보행자로부터 반사되는 전파를 이용해 자동차의 주행 차선 상 상기 보행자를 탐지하여 레이더 탐지정보를 생성하는 단계;
상기 보행자가 방사하는 열을 영상화하여 원적외선 인식정보를 생성하는 단계;
시간에 따른 각도값에 기초하는 필터링, 탐지거리 및 탐지각도에 기초하는 필터링 및 반사전력과 탐지 너비에 기초하는 필터링을 순차적으로 이용하여 상기 레이더 탐지정보 중 보행자가 아닌 결과를 제거하는 단계;
보행자가 아닌 결과가 제거된 레이더 탐지정보 및 원적외선 인식정보를 융합하여, 상기 자동차의 주행 차선 상 상기 보행자의 존재, 상기 보행자의 상기 자동차에 대한 거리 및 상대 속도를 포함하는 보행자 정보를 감지하는 단계;
상기 자동차의 속도를 포함하는 자동차 정보를 감지하는 단계; 및
상기 보행자 정보 및 상기 자동차 정보를 기반으로 PDCMS(Pedestrian Detection and Collision Mitigation System) 기능을 작동하는 단계를 포함하며,
상기 PDCMS 기능은 운전자에게 상기 자동차와 상기 보행자의 충돌을 알리도록 작동하기 위한 경보부의 작동, 및 상기 운전자의 브레이크 조작 여부에 관계없는 상기 브레이크의 작동 활성화를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하고,
상기 PDCMS 기능을 작동하는 단계는,
상기 자동차의 속도가 제1임계 속도보다 낮거나 또는 제2임계 속도보다 큰 경우 상기 PDCMS 기능을 비활성화하여 상기 PDCMS 기능이 작동되지 않도록 제어하는 단계를 포함하는,
자동차의 PDCMS 작동 방법.
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US10821946B2 (en) | 2020-11-03 |
KR20180078986A (ko) | 2018-07-10 |
CN108263278A (zh) | 2018-07-10 |
CN108263278B (zh) | 2023-04-21 |
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