KR101740096B1 - 믹서, 분말 야금용 원료의 혼합 방법 및 사출성형 조성물용 바인더 - Google Patents
믹서, 분말 야금용 원료의 혼합 방법 및 사출성형 조성물용 바인더 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
제어 수단 (5) 은 특정 혼합물을 위하여 메모리에 저장된 저온 (TINF) 와 고온 (TSUP) 사이에 포함된 온도로 이 탱크 (2) 의 내용물을 가열하도록 배열된 가열 수단 (41) 을 포함하는 열 교환 수단 (4) 을 제어하고, 이 가열 수단 (41) 은 탱크 (2) 외부에서 열 교환 및 혼합 온도 유지 회로 (8) 와 에너지 교환하고, 이 회로 (8) 의 열적 관성은 이 완전 충전된 탱크 (2) 의 열적 관성보다 더 높다.
또한, 본 발명은 분말 야금용 원료를 혼합하는 방법, 특정 사출 성형 조성물 및 특정 바인더를 구현하는 것에 관한 것이다.
Description
도 2 는 믹서의 탱크가 오직 하나의 에너지 교환 회로 및 하나의 가열 회로를 포함하는 제 1 변형예에 따라서, 본원에 따른 믹서의 혼합 샤프트의 축을 통한 단면에서의 부분적인 개략도 (제어 시스템으로의 연결부들의 간단한 스케치와 함께) 를 도시한다.
도 3 은 도 2 와 유사한 방식으로, 하나는 도 2 의 가열 회로와 에너지를 교환하고 그리고 다른 하나는 냉각 회로와 에너지를 교환하는 2 개의 에너지 교환 회로들을 포함하는 믹서의 탱크의 제 2 변형예를 도시한다.
도 4 및 도 5 는 다른 조성물들에 따라서 조립된 샤프트를 혼합하는 2 개의 실시예들의 개략적인 측면도를 도시한다.
도 6 은 도 2 의 제 1 변형예에 따른 믹서의 개략적인 부분 평면도 (제어 시스템과의 연결부들을 생략) 를 도시한다.
도 7 은 도 6 과 유사한 방식으로 도 3 의 제 2 변형예에 따른 믹서를 도시한다.
도 8 은 혼합 샤프트가 제거되었고 그리고 탱크의 바닥에 있는 그루브에 수용되는 웜 스크류 (worm screw) 와 조합되어 "케이크 (cake)" 를 분쇄 및 분할하기 위한 한 세트의 가동 블레이들 및 베인들로 교체된, 본원에 따른 믹서의 개략적인 부분 평면도 (제어 시스템과의 연결부들을 생략) 를 도시한다.
도 9 는 본원에 따른 믹서에 있어서 본원에 따른 혼합 공정들의 시퀀스의 블록 선도를 도시한다.
Claims (26)
- 한편으로 적어도 하나의 산화물 또는 서멧 또는 금속 또는 질화물 타입 성분으로 된 또는 상기 성분 중의 적어도 하나를 함유하는 적어도 하나의 화합물로 된 적어도 하나의 무기 분말을 포함하고 다른 한편으로 적어도 하나의 유기 바인더를 포함하는 혼합물로부터 공급원료 (feedstock) 로서 알려진 세라믹 타입 펠릿 (pellets) 을 제조하기 위한 믹서 (1) 로서,
상기 믹서 (1) 는 적어도 하나의 혼합 수단 (3) 이 안에서 이동될 수 있는 적어도 하나의 탱크 (2), 및 열교환 수단 (4) 을 포함하고,
상기 열교환 수단 (4) 은 상기 탱크 (2) 및/또는 탱크의 내용물을 가열하도록 배치된 가열 수단 (41) 을 포함하고,
상기 가열 수단 (41) 은 상기 탱크 (2) 외부의 제 1 열교환 및 혼합 온도 유지 회로 (8) 와 제 1 연결부에서 에너지를 교환하고,
제 1 회로 (8) 의 열적 관성은 상기 혼합물로 완전히 적재된 상기 탱크 (2) 의 열적 관성의 2 배보다 더 크고,
상기 열교환 수단 (4) 은 상기 탱크 (2) 및/또는 탱크 내용물을 냉각하기 위해 배열되며, 주위 온도에서 상기 탱크 (2) 외부의 그리고 상기 제 1 회로 (8) 와는 별개인 제 2 회로 (9) 와 제 2 연결부에서 에너지를 교환하는 냉각 수단 (42) 을 포함하고, 상기 제 2 회로 (9) 의 열적 관성은 상기 혼합물로 완전히 적재된 상기 탱크 (2) 의 열적 관성보다 더 크고,
상기 제 2 회로 (9) 의 열적 관성은 상기 혼합물로 완전히 적재된 상기 탱크 (2) 의 열적 관성의 2 배보다 더 크며,
상기 믹서 (1) 는 제조될 재료의 타입에 따른 온도 파라미터의 저장 수단 (7) 및 적어도 상기 믹서 (1) 의 탱크 (2) 의 온도의 측정 수단 (6) 에 연결된 제어 수단 (5) 을 포함하고,
상기 제어 수단 (5) 은 상기 열교환 수단 (4) 을 제어하고,
상기 가열 수단 (41) 은 그 초과의 온도에서는 주어진 타입의 세라믹을 위한 혼합물이 페이스트가 되는 저온 (TINF) 과 그 미만의 온도에서는 상기 주어진 타입의 세라믹을 위한 혼합물이 유지되어야 하는 고온 (TSUP) 사이의 온도까지 상기 탱크 (2) 및/또는 탱크의 내용물을 가열하도록 배치되고,
상기 저온 (TINF) 및 상기 고온 (TSUP) 은 주어진 타입의 세라믹을 위한 상기 혼합물을 위해 메모리에 저장되고,
상기 저온 (TINF) 및 상기 고온 (TSUP) 은 주어진 타입의 세라믹을 위한 상기 혼합물을 위해 상기 저장 수단 (7) 에 저장되고,
상기 제어 수단 (5) 은 상기 냉각 수단 (42) 만을 또는 상기 가열 수단 (41) 만을 이용하여, 미리 결정된 프로그램에 따라 상기 탱크 (2) 와 열교환하기 위해 상기 열교환 수단 (4) 을 활성화시키도록 상기 열교환 수단 (4) 을 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 믹서 (1). - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 제어 수단 (5) 은, 상기 혼합 수단 (3) 또는 상기 믹서 (1) 에 의한 변형을 거치는 생성물의 매스 (mass) 의 속도에 관한 적어도 한 가지의 정보에 기반하여 그리고 상기 측정 수단 (6) 에 포함된 센서들에 의해 측정된 상기 탱크 (2) 또는 생성물의 상기 매스의 온도에 관한 적어도 한 가지의 정보에 기반하여, 한편으로 상기 혼합 수단 (3) 에 포함된 혼합 샤프트 (30) 를 직접 또는 간접 구동하는 모터 (31) 의 속도 및 다른 한편으로 상기 가열 수단 (41) 의 상기 제 1 회로 (8) 에서의 제 1 펌프 (81) 에 의한 열교환의 속도를 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 믹서 (1). - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 냉각 수단 (42) 이 상기 제 2 회로 (9) 와 상기 제 2 연결부에서 에너지를 교환할 때에, 상기 제어 수단 (5) 이 상기 냉각 수단 (42) 의 상기 제 2 회로 (9) 에서의 제 2 펌프 (91) 에 의한 열교환의 속도를 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 믹서 (1). - 제 3 항에 있어서,
상기 제어 수단 (5) 은 상기 제 1 회로 (8) 에 열을 추가하거나 상기 제 1 회로로부터 열을 제거하는 제 1 조절기 (82) 또는/및 상기 제 2 회로 (9) 로부터 열을 제거하거나 상기 제 2 회로에 열을 추가하는 제 2 조절기 (92) 를 제어하도록 배치된 것을 특징으로 하는 믹서 (1). - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 측정 수단 (6) 은 상기 탱크의 바닥에 자유롭게 장착된 이동부 (60) 를 위한 회전 속도 센서의 형태로 상기 탱크 (2) 에서의 페이스트의 움직임을 특성화하는 동작 센서 (64), 및 상기 동작 센서 (64) 에 연결된, 상기 혼합물 또는 상기 페이스트 내부의 온도 센서 (65) 를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 믹서 (1). - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 측정 수단 (6) 은 상기 탱크 (2) 의 바닥에 인접하여 상기 혼합 수단 (3) 에 포함된 혼합 샤프트 (30) 상에 있는 온도 센서 (67) 를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 믹서 (1). - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 믹서 (1) 는, 한편으로 적어도 하나의 산화물 또는 서멧 또는 금속 또는 질화물 타입 성분으로 된 또는 상기 성분 중의 적어도 하나를 함유하는 적어도 하나의 화합물로 된 적어도 하나의 무기 분말을 포함하고 다른 한편으로 적어도 하나의 유기 바인더를 포함하는 세라믹 타입 공급원료 펠릿을 제조하기 위한 것이고,
상기 유기 바인더는 상기 유기 바인더를 포함하는 원료들 (raw materials) 의 혼합물로부터의 유기 바인더로서, 35 ∼ 54 부피% 의 폴리머계 베이스, 10 부피% 의 계면활성제 및 잔부 부피의 왁스 혼합물을 포함하는 바인더를 함유하는, 믹서 (1). - 적어도 하나의 산화물 또는 서멧 또는 금속 또는 질화물 타입 성분으로 된 또는 상기 성분 중의 적어도 하나를 함유하는 적어도 하나의 화합물로 된 적어도 하나의 무기 분말, 및 적어도 하나의 유기 바인더를 포함하는 특정한 혼합물로부터 주어진 타입의 세라믹 공급원료 펠릿을 제조하기 위한, 분말 야금용 원료의 혼합 방법으로서,
상기 혼합물이 적어도 하나의 혼합 수단 (3) 을 포함하는 믹서 (1) 의 탱크 (2) 에 첨가되고,
상기 탱크 (2) 및 탱크 내용물의 온도는, 열교환 수단 (4) 을 제 1 열교환 및 혼합 온도 유지 회로 (8) 에 연결함으로써, 그 초과의 온도에서는 주어진 타입의 세라믹을 위한 혼합물이 페이스트가 되는 저온 (TINF) 과 그 미만의 온도에서는 상기 주어진 타입의 세라믹을 위한 혼합물이 유지되어야 하는 고온 (TSUP) 사이의 혼합 온도 근방에서 안정화되고, 상기 탱크 (2) 또는/및 탱크 내용물을 가열하도록 배치된 가열 수단 (41) 을 포함하는 상기 열교환 수단 (4) 은 상기 저온 (TINF) 및 상기 고온 (TSUP) 사이의 온도로 제어되고, 상기 저온 (TINF) 및 상기 고온 (TSUP) 이 주어진 타입의 세라믹을 위한 상기 특정 혼합물을 위해 메모리에 저장되어서, 상기 가열 수단 (41) 이 상기 탱크 (2) 외부의 제 1 열교환 및 혼합 온도 유지 회로 (8) 와 제 1 연결부에서 에너지를 교환하고, 제 1 회로 (8) 의 열적 관성은 상기 특정 혼합물로 완전히 적재된 상기 탱크 (2) 의 열적 관성의 2 배보다 더 크고,
상기 혼합 수단 (3) 은 700 rpm 이하의 속도로 동작 설정되고,
상기 혼합물은 조밀한 균질 매스가 얻어질 때까지 혼합되고,
온도 저감이 허가된 상기 탱크 (2) 및 탱크 내용물의 고온 안정화는 해당 혼합물 및 조밀한 균질 매스의 특성에 특정된 온도가 미리 결정된 온도 보다 높아졌을 때 중지되고, 상기 고온 안정화에서, 상기 탱크 (2) 및 냉크 내용물은 상기 저온 (TINF) 및 상기 고온 (TSUP) 사이에 포함되는 온도에서 제어되고,
상기 탱크 및 탱크 내용물의 온도를 저감시키기 위해, 상기 고온 안정화는 중지되고, 음의 (negative) 온도 구배에 따라 냉각되기 위해 상기 열교환 수단 (4) 은 제어되고, 상기 열교환 수단 (4) 은 상기 탱크 (2) 및/또는 탱크 내용물을 냉각하기 위해 배열되는 냉각 수단 (42) 를 포함하고, 상기 열교환 수단 (4) 은 20 ℃ 근방의 주위 온도에서 상기 탱크 (2) 외부의 그리고 상기 제 1 회로 (8) 와는 별개인 제 2 회로 (9) 와 제 2 연결부에서 에너지를 교환하고, 상기 제 2 회로 (9) 의 열적 관성은 상기 혼합물로 완전히 적재된 상기 탱크 (2) 의 열적 관성의 2 배보다 더 큰 것을 특징으로 하는 분말 야금용 원료의 혼합 방법. - 제 8 항에 있어서,
상기 방법은 산화 지르코늄계 세라믹의 특정 혼합물의 생산에 적용되고, 이하의 단계들을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 분말 야금용 원료의 혼합 방법:
- 100: 분말 및 폴리머 플라스틱을 포함하는 분량의 분말 및 구조제 (structurants) 를 상기 탱크 (2) 또는 상기 탱크 (2) 상류의 공급기 (21) 에 직접 주입하고, 탱크 온도 조절기는 T0 = 180 ℃ 의 온도로 설정되고 상기 가열 수단 (41) 을 작동시킴으로써 시동되며, 상기 탱크 (2) 의 혼합 샤프트 (30) 의 회전을 V0 = 300 rpm 의 속도에서 시작함;
- 110: 일단 온도 T1 = 145 ℃ 및 상기 혼합 샤프트 (30) 에 대한 회전 속도 V1 = 300 rpm 이 달성되면, 다른 분량의 분말 및 구조제를 첨가함;
- 120: 일단 온도 T2 = 160 ℃ 가 달성되면, 상기 혼합 샤프트 (30) 의 회전을 중지함;
- 상기 탱크 (2) 의 내용물 및 상기 혼합 샤프트 (30) 를 검사하고, 상기 혼합 샤프트 (30) 에 포함된 패들 또는/및 블레이드를 긁어냄;
- 130: 상기 혼합 샤프트 (30) 를 다시 동작 설정함;
- 일단 온도 T3 = 168 ℃ 및 회전 속도 V3 = 700 rpm 이 달성되면, 상기 혼합 샤프트 (30) 의 회전을 중지함;
- 135: 상기 탱크 (2) 의 내용물 및 상기 혼합 샤프트 (30) 를 검사함;
- 136: 상기 혼합 샤프트 (30) 에 포함된 패들 또는/및 블레이드를 긁어냄;
- 140: 상기 혼합 샤프트 (30) 를 다시 회전시키고, 일단 온도 TINF = T4 = 170 ℃ 및 회전 속도 V4 = 700 rpm 이 달성되면, 상기 혼합물을 혼합함;
- 150: T5 = 180 ℃ 및 TSUP = T6 = 190 ℃ (검사 단계 155) 사이인 얻어진 조밀한 매스의 온도를 측정하고, 이 온도 범위가 도달될 때까지 계속 혼합함;
- 160: 상기 혼합 샤프트 (30) 의 회전을 중지하고, 상기 가열 수단 (41) 을 작동해제하여 상기 조밀한 매스를 냉각함;
- 170: 일단 T7 = 150 ℃ 및 T8 = 180 ℃ (검사 단계 175) 사이의 온도가 달성되면, 상기 혼합 샤프트 (30) 의 패들/블레이드를 언블로킹하고 전단을 개선하기 위해 상기 조밀한 매스를 회전 설정함;
- 180: 상기 혼합 샤프트 (30) 의 가끔의 (occasional) 회전을 V9 = 300 rpm 에서 제어하여 "케이크 (cake)" 를 형성하고, 상기 "케이크" 를 T9 = 95 ℃ 및 T10 = 110 ℃ 사이의 온도로 냉각시킴; 상기 냉각은 온도 조절 시스템을 분당 -2℃ 의 음의 구배를 가지는 냉각 모드로 전환하거나, 또는, 상기 가열 수단 (41) 을 작동해제하여 달성됨. - 제 8 항에 있어서,
상기 혼합 방법이 이하의 단계들로 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 분말 야금용 원료의 혼합 방법:
- 100: 탱크 온도 조절기는 T0 = 125 ℃ 내지 180 ℃ 의 온도로 설정되고, 상기 가열 수단 (41) 을 작동시키고 상기 냉각 수단 (42) 을 작동해제시킴으로써 시동됨;
- 160: 상기 가열 수단 (41) 을 작동해제시키고 상기 냉각 수단 (42) 을 작동시킴으로써 상기 조밀한 매스를 냉각함;
- 180: 상기 탱크 (2) 의 혼합 샤프트 (30) 의 가끔의 (occasional) 회전을 제어하여 "케이크 (cake)" 를 형성하고, 상기 "케이크" 를 T9 = 95 ℃ 및 T10 = 110 ℃ 사이의 온도로 냉각시킴; 상기 냉각은 온도 조절 시스템을 분당 -2℃ 의 음의 구배를 가지는 냉각 모드로 전환하거나, 또는, 상기 가열 수단 (41) 을 작동해제하고 상기 냉각 수단 (42) 을 작동시켜 달성됨. - 제 9 항에 있어서,
상기 탱크 (2) 내부에 분쇄 수단을 구비한 상기 믹서 (1) 가 사용되고, 상기 탱크 (2) 는 내부의 마모-방지 코팅을 구비하고, 상기 "케이크" 의 냉각 이후에, 상기 탱크 (2) 에서 직접 이하의 단계들이 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 분말 야금용 원료의 혼합 방법:
- 200: V11 = 700 rpm 으로 분쇄를 실시함;
- 210: 상기 혼합 샤프트 (30) 의 회전을 중지함;
- 220: 얻어진 생성물을 V12 = 2000 rpm 미만 및 T12 = 85℃ 미만에서 배출함. - 제 11 항에 있어서,
상기 분쇄는 스크류에 의한 스크류 압출에 의한 배출 및 펠릿의 형성을 달성하기 위하여 분말 형태로 상기 생성물로부터 가루를 얻도록 1,000 rpm 초과의 속도로 실시되는 것을 특징으로 하는 분말 야금용 원료의 혼합 방법. - 제 8 항에 있어서,
상기 방법은
35 ∼ 54 부피% 의 폴리머계 베이스,
10 부피% 의 계면활성제, 및
잔부 부피의 왁스 혼합물
을 포함하는 바인더를 이용하여 실시되고,
상기 폴리머계 베이스는 에틸렌 및 메타크릴산 또는 아크릴산의 코폴리머, 또는 에틸렌 및 비닐 아세테이트의 코폴리머, 또는 말레산무수물을 포함하는 에틸렌의 코폴리머, 또는 상기 코폴리머의 혼합물, 및 폴리에틸렌, 폴리프로필렌 및 아크릴 수지를 포함하고,
상기 방법은 76 내지 96 중량% 의 무기 분말 및 4 내지 24 중량% 의 상기 바인더를 포함하는 금속 또는 세라믹 성형 부품을 제조하도록 의도된 사출 성형 조성물 (공급원료) 을 이용하여 실시되고,
상기 무기 분말 및 성형 조성물은 산화물, 질화물, 탄화물 또는 금속 분말 또는 이들 분말의 혼합물을 포함하는 군으로부터 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는 분말 야금용 원료의 혼합 방법. - 제 13 항에 있어서,
상기 무기 분말은 알루미나 분말, 산화 지르코늄 분말, 탄화 크롬 분말, 탄화 티타늄 분말 또는 탄화 텅스텐 분말, 텅스텐 금속 분말 또는 질화 규소 분말, 스테인레스강 분말, 티타늄 금속 분말 또는 이들 분말의 혼합물을 포함하는 세트로부터 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는 분말 야금용 원료의 혼합 방법. - 제 13 항에 있어서,
상기 성형 조성물은 중량% 로 이하의 것을 포함하도록 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는 분말 야금용 원료의 혼합 방법:
ㆍ 76 내지 88% 의 알루미나 및 전술한 본 발명에 따른 잔부의 바인더, 또는
ㆍ 76 내지 88% 의 알루미나, 0.1 내지 0.6% 의 산화 마그네슘 및 본 발명의 잔부의 바인더, 또는
ㆍ 58 내지 86.5% 의 산화 지르코늄, 3.9 내지 4.6% 의 산화 이트륨, 본 발명의 9 내지 22% 의 바인더 및 잔부의 알루미나, 또는
ㆍ 적어도 61.5% 의 산화 지르코늄, 3.9 내지 4.6% 의 산화 이트륨, 0.2 내지 9% 의 알루미나, 및 철 산화물, 코발트 산화물, 크롬 산화물, 티타늄 산화물, 망간 산화물, 아연 산화물 또는 상기 산화물들의 혼합물을 포함하는 리스트로부터의 2 내지 5.5% 의 무기 안료 및 본 발명의 잔부의 바인더, 또는
ㆍ 88 내지 91% 의 크롬 또는 티타늄 탄화물, 및 본 발명의 잔부의 바인더, 또는
ㆍ 93 내지 96% 의 텅스텐 탄화물 또는 텅스텐 금속 및 본 발명의 잔부의 바인더, 또는
ㆍ 78 내지 85% 의 규소 질화물, 및 본 발명의 잔부의 바인더. - 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
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- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
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CH00923/13 | 2013-05-07 | ||
CH00984/13A CH708077B1 (fr) | 2013-05-17 | 2013-05-17 | Malaxage de matière première pour métallurgie des poudres. |
CH00984/13 | 2013-05-17 | ||
CH01021/13A CH708097B1 (fr) | 2013-05-28 | 2013-05-28 | Liant pour composition de moulage par injection. |
CH01021/13 | 2013-05-28 | ||
EP13176532.3 | 2013-07-15 | ||
EP13176532.3A EP2765121A1 (fr) | 2013-07-15 | 2013-07-15 | Liant pour composition de moulage par injection |
EP13178141.1A EP2765123B1 (fr) | 2013-07-26 | 2013-07-26 | Malaxeur Malaxage de matière première pour métallurgie des poudres |
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- 2014-05-06 EP EP14167185.9A patent/EP2801560B1/fr active Active
- 2014-05-07 JP JP2014095663A patent/JP5957029B2/ja active Active
- 2014-05-07 CN CN201410293325.3A patent/CN104139180B/zh active Active
- 2014-05-07 KR KR1020140054136A patent/KR101740096B1/ko active Active
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2016
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JP2003277804A (ja) * | 2003-01-27 | 2003-10-02 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd | 射出成形体の成形装置 |
US20040217524A1 (en) | 2003-04-18 | 2004-11-04 | Morris Robert Craig | Simplified processing of metal and cermet feedstocks |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2801560A3 (fr) | 2014-12-31 |
CN104139180B (zh) | 2017-04-12 |
JP5957029B2 (ja) | 2016-07-27 |
JP2014218082A (ja) | 2014-11-20 |
KR20140132287A (ko) | 2014-11-17 |
US9908261B2 (en) | 2018-03-06 |
EP2801560A2 (fr) | 2014-11-12 |
US20140336034A1 (en) | 2014-11-13 |
US10611050B2 (en) | 2020-04-07 |
KR102019537B1 (ko) | 2019-09-06 |
HK1203886A1 (en) | 2015-11-06 |
US20170203469A1 (en) | 2017-07-20 |
CN104139180A (zh) | 2014-11-12 |
PT2801560T (pt) | 2019-11-29 |
KR20160011693A (ko) | 2016-02-01 |
EP2801560B1 (fr) | 2019-08-21 |
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