KR101600476B1 - 리튬 전이금속 산화물을 포함하는 코어와 이의 전체 또는 일부에 코팅된 산화물계 고체 전해질로 이루어진 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이온 전지 - Google Patents
리튬 전이금속 산화물을 포함하는 코어와 이의 전체 또는 일부에 코팅된 산화물계 고체 전해질로 이루어진 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이온 전지 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 13
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 229910021437 lithium-transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910012465 LiTi Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229910002995 LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum lithium cobalt(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Co++].[Ni++] NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910018871 CoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 2
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002203 sulfidic glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021193 La 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013553 LiNO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002991 LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002099 LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001228 Li[Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]O2 (NCM 111) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015177 Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical group [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021450 lithium metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxonickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni]=O URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 본 발명의 일 구현예에 따른 산화물계 고체 전해질 Li5La3Ta2O12 합성 과정의 X-선 회절 분석 결과이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 일 구현예에 따라 1wt% Li5La3Ta2O12 고체 전해질이 코팅되도록 제조된 리튬니켈코발트알루미늄산화물(LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2)의 전자투사현미경의 모습이다. (a) 저배율 (x 2,000), (b) 고배율 (x 10,000)
도 4는 본 발명의 일 구현예에 따라 1wt% Li5La3Ta2O12 고체 전해질이 코팅되기 전과 후에 있어 리튬니켈코발트알루미늄산화물(LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2)의 출력 테스트 결과이다.
도 5는 본 발명의 일 구현예에 따라 1wt% Li5La3Ta2O12 고체 전해질이 코팅되기 전과 후에 있어 리튬니켈코발트알루미늄산화물(LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2)의 고온 특성 테스트(55 ℃ 저장 상태에서 사이클 테스트) 결과이다.
Claims (19)
- (a) 리튬 전이금속 산화물을 포함하는 코어, 및
(b) 상기 리튬 전이금속 산화물 코어 표면의 전체 또는 일부에 코팅된 산화물계 고체 전해질로 이루어지되,
상기 리튬 전이금속 산화물은 Li(NixCoyAlz)O2 (0<x<1, 0<y<1, 0<z<1, x+y+z=1) 또는 LiFePO4이며,
상기 산화물계 고체 전해질은 Li5La3Ta2O12, LiTi(PO4)3, (La,Li)TiO3, Li6La2CaTa2O12, Li6La2ANb2O12(A=Ca, Sr), Li2Nd3TeSbO12, Li3BO2.5N0.5 및 Li9SiAlO8 중에서 선택된 1종이고,
상기 산화물계 고체 전해질은 X선 회절 분석 결과 2θ가 ① 15o 내지 18o 범위, ② 18o 내지 20o 범위, ③ 24o 내지 27o 범위, ④ 27o 내지 29o 범위, ⑤ 30o 내지 32o 범위, ⑥ 33o 내지 35o 범위에서 제1 유효 피크, 제2 유효 피크, 제3 유효 피크, 제4 유효 피크, 제5 유효 피크, 제6 유효 피크를 보이고;
상기 (제1 유효 피크)/(제2 유효 피크)의 세기(intensity) 비율은 0.8 내지 1.0이고, 상기 (제2 유효 피크)/(제3 유효 피크)의 세기 비율은 0.9 내지 1.2이며, 상기 (제3 유효 피크)/(제4 유효 피크)의 세기 비율은 0.8 내지 1.1, 상기 (제4 유효 피크)/(제5 유효 피크)의 세기 비율은 0.9 내지 1.1, 상기 (제5 유효 피크)/(제6 유효 피크)의 세기 비율은 0.8 내지 1.0인 것을 특징으로 하는 양극 활물질. - 삭제
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- 삭제
- 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 코팅층은 상기 양극 활물질 전체 중량을 기준으로 0.01 내지 10 중량%의 함량으로 코팅되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 양극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 산화물계 고체 전해질은 다결정 형태의 Li5La3Ta2O12이고,
평균 입경이 200 내지 300 nm이며, 이온 전도도가 0.1 x 10-6 내지 10 x 10-6 S/cm인 것을 특징으로 하는 양극 활물질. - 삭제
- 제1항, 제6항 및 제7항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 양극 활물질을 포함하는 리튬 이온 전지용 작동 전극.
- 제1항, 제6항 및 제7항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 양극 활물질을 포함하는 리튬 이온 전지.
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 리튬 전이금속 산화물을 포함하는 코어의 표면 전체 또는 일부에 산화물계 고체 전해질을 코팅하는 단계를 포함하되,
상기 리튬 전이금속 산화물은 Li(NixCoyAlz)O2 (0<x<1, 0<y<1, 0<z<1, x+y+z=1) 또는 LiFePO4이며,
상기 산화물계 고체 전해질은 Li5La3Ta2O12, LiTi(PO4)3, (La,Li)TiO3, Li6La2CaTa2O12, Li6La2ANb2O12(A=Ca, Sr), Li2Nd3TeSbO12, Li3BO2.5N0.5 및 Li9SiAlO8 중에서 선택된 1종이고,
상기 산화물계 고체 전해질은 X선 회절 분석 결과 2θ가 ① 15o 내지 18o 범위, ② 18o 내지 20o 범위, ③ 24o 내지 27o 범위, ④ 27o 내지 29o 범위, ⑤ 30o 내지 32o 범위, ⑥ 33o 내지 35o 범위에서 제1 유효 피크, 제2 유효 피크, 제3 유효 피크, 제4 유효 피크, 제5 유효 피크, 제6 유효 피크를 보이고;
상기 (제1 유효 피크)/(제2 유효 피크)의 세기(intensity) 비율은 0.8 내지 1.0이고, 상기 (제2 유효 피크)/(제3 유효 피크)의 세기 비율은 0.9 내지 1.2이며, 상기 (제3 유효 피크)/(제4 유효 피크)의 세기 비율은 0.8 내지 1.1, 상기 (제4 유효 피크)/(제5 유효 피크)의 세기 비율은 0.9 내지 1.1, 상기 (제5 유효 피크)/(제6 유효 피크)의 세기 비율은 0.8 내지 1.0인 것을 특징으로 하는 양극 활물질 제조방법. - 삭제
- 제16항에 있어서, 상기 코팅 단계는 건식 표면처리 방법에 의해 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 양극 활물질 제조방법.
- 제16항에 있어서, 상기 코팅은 5 내지 10 분 동안 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 양극 활물질 제조방법.
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