KR101520118B1 - 리튬이차전지의 사이클 성능 개선 방법 - Google Patents
리튬이차전지의 사이클 성능 개선 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR101520118B1 KR101520118B1 KR1020100035401A KR20100035401A KR101520118B1 KR 101520118 B1 KR101520118 B1 KR 101520118B1 KR 1020100035401 A KR1020100035401 A KR 1020100035401A KR 20100035401 A KR20100035401 A KR 20100035401A KR 101520118 B1 KR101520118 B1 KR 101520118B1
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- lithium
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- high voltage
- lithium secondary
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 12
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 9
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000156302 Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus Species 0.000 description 2
- QTHKJEYUQSLYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co]=O.[Ni].[Li] Chemical compound [Co]=O.[Ni].[Li] QTHKJEYUQSLYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BVPMZCWLVVIHKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium cobalt(2+) manganese(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Li+] BVPMZCWLVVIHKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido-oxo-(oxomanganiooxy)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Mn](=O)O[Mn]=O VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxonickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni]=O URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910005646 Li(Li0.2Mn0.55Ni0.15Co0.1)O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGCCXYAKZKSSGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ni]=O.[Mn].[Li] Chemical compound [Ni]=O.[Mn].[Li] OGCCXYAKZKSSGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RRWITPGYJAEIKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Mn+2].[Ni+2].[Co+2].[Mn+2].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Ni+2].[Co+2].[Mn+2].[Li+] RRWITPGYJAEIKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021437 lithium-transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001690 polydopamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
[화학식 1] Li(LixMy-y'M'y')O2-zAz
(상기 식에서, 0<x<0.5, 0.6<y<1.1, 0≤y'<0.2, 0≤z<0.2이고;
M은 Mn과, Ni, Co, Fe, Cr, V, Cu, Zn 및 Ti으로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 1종 이상을 포함하는 것이며;
M'는 Al, Mg 및 B로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 1종 이상이고,
A는 F, S 및 N로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 1종 이상이다.)
본 발명에 의하면, 고전압 과충전에 의한 셀의 활성화 이후, 전해액 부반응을 회피하기 위하여 저전압에서 작동시킬 경우 발생할 수 있는 지속적인 용량 감소 문제를 해결하여, 사이클 증가에 불구 꾸준하게 고용량 유지가 가능한 리튬이차전지를 제공할 수 있다.
Description
Claims (14)
- [청구항 1]
하기 [화학식 1]로 표시되는 층상 구조의 리튬 화합물을 양극활물질로 포함하는 리튬이차전지의 사이클 성능 개선 방법에 있어서,
(a) 포메이션 단계에서 셀을 평탄전위 4.5V 이상인 4.6V의 고전압에서 활성화하는 단계; 및
(b) 상기 셀이 상기 평탄전위 4.5V 이하인 4.4V~2V에서 작동할 경우, 주기적으로 상기 평탄전위 4.5V 이상인 4.6V의 고전압 사이클을 삽입하여 사이클 퇴화를 재생하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이차전지의 사이클 성능 개선 방법.
[화학식 1] Li(Li0.2M0.8)O2
상기 M은 Ni, Co, Mn이며,
상기 Mn의 함량은 리튬을 제외한 금속들의 전체량을 기준으로 50~80몰%이다.)
- 삭제
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 (a) 및 (b) 단계는 양극전위 기준으로 4.5V 이상의 고전압에서 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이차전지의 사이클 성능 개선 방법.
- 제3항에 있어서,
상기 (a) 및 (b) 단계는 양극전위 기준으로 4.55V 이상의 고전압에서 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이차전지의 사이클 성능 개선 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 (b) 단계는 셀이 4.4V 이하에서 작동할 경우, 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이차전지의 사이클 성능 개선 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 (b) 단계는 10~100 사이클마다 1회 또는 2회 이상 반복하여 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이차전지의 사이클 성능 개선 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 (a) 단계는 1회 또는 2회 이상 반복하여 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이차전지의 사이클 성능 개선 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 (a) 단계는 출하충전 이전에 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이차전지의 사이클 성능 개선 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 (a) 단계는 상기 평탄 전위 4.5V 이상의 고전압에서 활성화됨으로써, 평탄 전위 4.5V 구간에서 상기 양극활물질로부터 산소가 발생되는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이차전지의 사이클 성능 개선 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서,
상기 (a) 단계는 평탄 전위 4.5V 구간에서 상기 양극활물질로부터 발생된 산소를 제거하는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 리튬이차전지의 사이클 성능 개선 방법. - 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
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Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR101488043B1 (ko) * | 2010-04-23 | 2015-01-29 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 고용량 리튬이차전지의 활성화 방법 |
KR101588252B1 (ko) * | 2013-09-06 | 2016-01-25 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 이차전지 셀 |
US9979051B2 (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2018-05-22 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Method for preparing lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery prepared therefrom |
KR101685128B1 (ko) * | 2013-10-31 | 2016-12-09 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차전지 내부에 발생된 가스 제거방법 |
KR20230004114A (ko) * | 2021-06-30 | 2023-01-06 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 수명 특성이 향상된 리튬 이차전지, 이의 구동방법, 이를 포함하는 전지 모듈 및 전지 모듈을 포함하는 전지 팩 |
Citations (1)
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JP2006093067A (ja) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-06 | Kusaka Rare Metal Products Co Ltd | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質及びその製造方法 |
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JP2006093067A (ja) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-06 | Kusaka Rare Metal Products Co Ltd | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質及びその製造方法 |
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