KR101508795B1 - Geotextile / slope geodetic survey using rotating geodesic bar and laser level - Google Patents
Geotextile / slope geodetic survey using rotating geodesic bar and laser level Download PDFInfo
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- KR101508795B1 KR101508795B1 KR1020090054716A KR20090054716A KR101508795B1 KR 101508795 B1 KR101508795 B1 KR 101508795B1 KR 1020090054716 A KR1020090054716 A KR 1020090054716A KR 20090054716 A KR20090054716 A KR 20090054716A KR 101508795 B1 KR101508795 B1 KR 101508795B1
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- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B3/00—Measuring instruments characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B3/002—Details
- G01B3/004—Scales; Graduations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
- E02D1/02—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
- G01B11/306—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces for measuring evenness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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Abstract
본 고안은 레이저 타겟을 응용하여 정지(整地)작업을 수행할 때 성토/절토량을 계측하는 것으로, 레이저 레벨 측정기에서 발사되는 레이저광을 타깃의 센서에서 감지하는 순간 Direct reading Rod Face에서 실측점 표고(Elevation)를 판독한 직후 미리 조준한 성토/절토 판독 띠에서 정토량을 판독한다. 측지 측량 값을 정밀하게 측량하도록 한 레이저 레벨(Laser Level) 측지법에 관한 것이다.
본 발명은 스태프와 레이저 레벨을 도근점(Bench Mark)으로부터 다음 도근점까지 이동하면서 각 지점의 표고를 계산하여 절토/성토를 측지하기 위한 측지 측량 방법이다.
측지술, 성토/절토, Grade check, Grade setter
In the present invention, when a laser target is used to perform a grounding operation, the embossing / cutting amount is measured. When the laser beam emitted from the laser level measuring device is detected by a target sensor, Immediately after reading the elevation, we read the soil mass from a preliminarily targeted embankment / cutout readout band. The present invention relates to a laser level measurement method for precisely measuring a geodetic measurement value.
The present invention is a geodetic surveying method for measuring the elevation of each point while moving the staff and the laser level from the Bench Mark to the next point, and thereby measuring the cut / embankment.
Geodesy, embankment / cut, Grade check, Grade setter
Description
현재 전 세계에서 미터제 측량자는 최소단위가 5mm이다. 다시 말해 기존의 미터제 측량 분야에서는 밀리미터(mm)를 읽을 수 있는 장치나 측량자가 없다. 본 발명은 미터제 측량자를 밀리미터(mm)단위까지 쉽게 읽을 수 있는 미터제 측량자를 개발하는 것이고, 미터(m)에서부터 밀리미터(mm)까지 숫자를 직관적으로 읽을 수 있다. 새로운 회전 측량자와 레이저 레벨을 이용하여 표고(elevation)를 직답 계측할 수 있는 방법을 계발하는 것이다. At present, the metric meter in the world has a minimum unit of 5mm. In other words, there is no device or surveyor capable of reading millimeters (mm) in conventional meteorological applications. The present invention is to develop a meter meter that can easily read a meter meter to the millimeter (mm) unit, and can read the number from meters (m) to millimeters (mm) intuitively. And to develop a method to measure elevation by using a new rotating surveyor and laser level.
토목기술에서 측량기술은 유래가 오래된 기본작업이고, 현재 기록된 자료 이전에도 인류가 옛날부터 측량기술을 일상생활에 적용해 오고 있었다. 측량의 첫째 목표는 측량 측정방법이 정밀하고 정확해야 한다. 예를 들어 표고(높낮이, Elevation)를 측정할 때 측량기기에 실제 해발표고를 맞추어 놓고, 실측지점 측량자(스태프, Staff)를 수평으로 측정하여 그 차이를 계산해서 원하는 실측지점의 해발표고(Sea Elevation)를 계산해 낸다.
때때로 측량기와 실측지점 측량 폴대(Staff)의 거리가 너무 멀어서 재래 측량자를 정확히 판독하기가 어렵다.
예를 들면, 재래 측량 스태프는 눈금 단위가 1cm이거나 0.5cm(5mm) 단위로 표시돼 있어서 mm 단위까지 측정하려면 측량사가 어림 짐작으로 판독한다.
현대판 최고급 망원 측량기를 사용한다고 해도 mm 단위까지 정확히 측정하기는 불가능하다. 그렇다고 mm를 실눈금으로 그려 넣는 측량 스태프는 실용성이 없는 이유로 측량사가 사용하지 않는다. mm 실눈금을 그려 놓으면 그 대응 수치(Reference)를 적어 넣을 수 없고, 실눈금 사이가 너무 좁아 멀리서 고성능 측량기를 통해 보아도, 아지랑이(Heatwave) 때문에 실눈금 사이 사이를 판별하기가 어렵거나, 아예 두 눈 금이 합쳐서 흐릿하게 한 눈금으로 보인다. 그리고 눈금 판별은 고사하고 재래 측량자의 수치는 눈금 차수 숫자가 불편하게 배열되서 측량자 上下 숫자를 읽고, 견주어 보아야 실측 지점의 높이를 알 수 있다. 눈금 수치를 바로 알려 주지 못하는 미비한 숫자 배열과 불편한 판독 때문에 어림 짐작해야 하는 재래식 측량 스태프의 개량물이 요구되는 것이다.
다음으로, 혼자서 Elevation을 측정하면서 성토 기술을 수행하는 그레이드 세터(Gradesetter 또는 Grade Check ing)라는 토목건축용어는 우리 영한사전에는 없는 말이다. 세계 최첨단을 달리는 미국 토건업계에서도 2차 세계대전 이후에 생긴 건축용어이다. 우리말로 한다면 측지사(測地士), 즉 땅을 깍는 Operator에게 작업지시하기도 하고, 원하는 지점을 측정해서, 해발고도(Elevation)를 작성한다.
옛날에는 목수들이나 측량사 조들이 간단한 측량기구(Hand Level)를 사용해서 비효율적으로 땅을 깎는 작업수행을 중장비 요원에게 지시해 주면, 육감과 경험으로 일을 마무리 지었다. 최근에 이르기까지 수많은 현장 근로자들이 이것 저것 개발한 것을 집대성한 것이 오늘날의 측지 작업 기술로서 불과 60년밖에 안 된 토목건축기술이다.
이 기술은 교실에서 학위공부를 하면서 취득하지 않고 현장 고참 선배들의 시범을 따라 실제로 근무하면서 몸에 익히는 기술이니, 장인정신이 몸에 박힌 근로자가 되는 것이다.
측지사는 현장업무에 밝아서 현장감독(Project Manager)의 대리 역할도 한다. 마침 필자가 미국 토목 현장에서 기존의 Hand Level을 사용하다가 광파(光波) 레이저 레벨 기술을 사용해서 측지 작업하는 방법을 개발했다. 이 방법을 써서 신속 정확하게 일을 처리함으로써 작업일정을 단축시키면서 고수익을 올리게 된다. 미국 토건업계의 현장에는 측지사가 필수적으로 근무한다. 임금 수준은 시간당 35불에다가 각종복지혜택을 받으니까, 건축 노조원 중에서도 상위권 임금을 받는 셈이다.
Laser를 사용해서 측지하는 방법은 필자가 직접 개발했기 때문에, 간단한 훈련과 현장겸험으로(약 3개월) 국내 유명 시공업체에서도 일할 수 있도록 실습 과정을 수립했다. 미국 취업의 길도 가능하다.
Laser 측지술은 당면 세계 금융위기 시대의 한국경제 살리기에도 도움을 주는 첨단 기능이요 기술인데 교육열이 높은 한국에서 배양시켜 국내와 해외에 취업하면 더욱 좋을 것이다. 30여년 전의 취업무대가 아랍세계였다면 이제는 세계 건축시장에 신개발 성토기술로 적극적으로 취업 공략할 때다.In civil engineering technology, surveying technology is an old basic work, and even before the data that is currently recorded, humanity has been applying surveying technology to everyday life from ancient times. The first goal of surveying should be precise and accurate measurement method. For example, when elevation (elevation) is measured, the elevation of the actual elevation is adjusted to the measuring instrument, and the difference is calculated by measuring the horizontal position of the actual point surveyor (Staff) Elevation.
Sometimes the distance between the instrument and the actual point surveying pole is too far away to make it difficult to accurately read a conventional surveyor.
For example, a conventional surveying staff has a scale unit of 1 cm or 0.5 cm (5 mm).
Even with modern high-end telescopic instruments, it is impossible to measure accurately in mm. However, the surveying staff that draws the mm in real scale is not used by surveyors for reasons of not practicality. If the mm scale is drawn, its corresponding reference value can not be written down and the interval between the actual scales is so narrow that it is difficult to distinguish between the actual scales due to the heatwave even when viewed from a distance through a high performance instrument, The gold appears combined with a dim scale. Aside from the scale discrimination, the numerical values of the conventional surveyors are arranged inconveniently in the numerical scale, so that the numerals of the upper and lower sides of the surveyor are read, and the height of the actual point can be ascertained. The improvement of the conventional surveying staff, which should be guessed because of the insufficient numerical arrangement and the inconvenient readings, which can not inform the scale figures immediately, is required.
Next, the civil engineering construction term "Gradesetter" or "Grade Checking" that performs embankment technique while measuring elevation alone is not available in our English dictionary. It is an architectural term that emerged after the Second World War in the American construction industry, which is at the forefront of the world. In Korean, you can instruct the branch office, the operator to mow the ground, measure the desired point, and create an elevation.
In the past, carpenters and surveyors used a simple leveling instrument (Hand Level) to instruct the heavy equipment worker to perform an ineffective mowing operation. Until recently, it has been the construction engineering technology that is only 60 years old as today's geodetic work technology that many field workers have developed and developed.
This technique is a technique that does not acquire while studying a degree in the classroom, but it is a skill to practice by following a demonstration of senior veterans in the field, and becoming a body worker.
Geoji is bright in the field work and acts as a proxy for the project manager. Finally, I developed a method to use the existing hand level in the US civil engineering workshop and to work with the geodesy using light wave laser level technology. By using this method, you can quickly and accurately process your work, shortening your work schedule and increasing your return. Geodesy is an essential part of the US construction industry. The wage level is $ 35 per hour, which means that you will receive the most welfare benefits.
Because I developed the method of geodetic using laser, I set up the training course so that I could work in domestic famous construction companies with simple training and field experience (about 3 months). It is also possible to get a job in the US.
Laser geodetic technology is an advanced technology and technology that will help revive the Korean economy in the era of the global financial crisis, but it would be better to cultivate it in Korea where the heat of education is high and work in Korea and overseas. If it was the Arab world that was 30 years ago, it is time for the world construction market to actively pursue employment with newly developed embankment technology.
본 발명자는 종래기술의 단점을 해결하기 위하여 mm 단위까지 판독할 수 있는 측량자를 개발하고 개발된 측량자를 사용한 새로운 측량/측지 방법을 개발한다. 판독이 정확하고 빨라서 측량 작업이 효율적이 되도록 고안하였다.
결국, 본 발명의 주된 목적은 현장 측량/측지를 통하여 관측성과의 객관성 및 신뢰성이 향상된 측지 측량으로 절토/성토(切土/盛土)량을 대량으로 이동하여 작업률을 높이는 데 있다.In order to solve the disadvantages of the prior art, the present inventor has developed a surveyor capable of reading up to mm units and developed a new surveying / geodetic method using the developed surveyors. It was devised to make the surveying work efficient because the reading was accurate and rapid.
As a result, the main object of the present invention is to increase the work rate by moving a large amount of cut soil / soil with a geodetic survey with improved objectivity and reliability of observation results through on-site survey / geodetic survey.
상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명은
(a) mm를 판별할 수 있는 미터제 측량자 개발.
(b) 즉석에서 표고(Elevation)를 판독할 수 있는 direct elevation Reading Rod 개발, 다음의 단계를 거쳐 현장측 량 데이터를 산출하는 단계:
(i) 기계고(Height of Laser Level)를 계산하는 단계
(ii) 각 측점별 지반고를 계산하는 단계
(iii) 切土/盛土량을 계산하는 단계To achieve these and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the present invention,
(a) Development of metric meters capable of determining mm.
(b) Development of a direct elevation reading rod capable of reading the elevation on the fly, calculating the field survey data through the following steps:
(i) calculating a Height of Laser Level
(ii) calculating the ground level per each point
(iii) calculating the cut soil /
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재래식 整地 작업 때는 현장에서 2인의 측량인원이 필요하다. 그러나 Laser Lavel을 다룰 수 있는 사람이라면 혼자서 수시로 측지 측정할 수 있어 작업이 빠르고 비용이 절감되어 수익성이 높다.
1) 땅을 깎는 성토 작업능률이 만점In the case of conventional land leveling, two surveyors are needed in the field. However, anyone who can deal with Laser Lavel can do geodetic measurement from time to time alone, which is quick and cost-effective and profitable.
1) The work efficiency of the clay soils
2) 배우기 쉽고(고졸 정도 가능)2) Easy to learn (high school graduate possible)
3) 고임금 + 각종복지혜택3) High wages + various welfare benefits
4) 해외취업기회4) Overseas employment opportunity
5) 여성 측지사도 많음(근육이 요구되는 중노동이 아니고 계산을 정확히 하는 정신노동에 든다)5) There are many female geodesists. (It is not hard labor that muscles are required.
6) 현장 감독으로 올라가는 길6) The way to the on-site supervisor
7) 한국에는 없는 직종이니, 세계 금융위기 시대에 직업을 창출할 수 있음7) Jobs are not available in Korea, so jobs can be created in the era of the global financial crisis
8) 바깥에서 근무하기 때문에 건강에도 좋음8) Good for your health because you work outside
본 발명의 목적을 달성하기 위한 구체적인 미터제 측량자는 아래와 같고, 이는 특허청구범위와 동일한 것이다.
측량기를 사용하여 해발 표고를 측정하는데 사용되는 미터제 측량자에 있어서, 아래의 도면(도 2, 도 4)으로 나타낸 바와 같이, 10cm 단위까지의 높이를 신속하게 판별할 수 있도록 높이를 미터 단위의 소수점 한자리까지 아라비아 숫자로 표시하고, 그 아래에 10cm를 10등분하여 해당하는 각 등분의 높이를 cm단위로 아라비아 숫자 0~9로 표시한다.
또한, 1cm를 10등분하여 해당하는 4, 5 및 6등분에 해당하는 mm의 실눈금을 하나로 묶어 상대적으로 낮은 블록으로 표시하고, 9, 10 및 그 다음 1cm를 10등분할 때의 1등분에 해당하는 실눈금을 하나로 묶어 상대적으로 높은 블록으로 표시하며, 나머지 2 및 7등분에 해당하는 mm를 상대적으로 높은 실눈금으로 표시하고 그 위에 아라비아 숫자로 해당하는 mm단위의 높이를 표시하며, 3 및 8등분에 해당하는 mm를 상대적으로 낮은 실눈금으로 표시하고 그 위에 아라비아 숫자로 해당하는 mm단위의 높이를 표시하며, 아울러 상기 4, 5 및 6등분에 해당하는 실눈금을 묶은 블록의 높이가 2 및 7등분에 해당하는 실눈금의 높이 보다 높게 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 10cm, 1cm 및 1mm 단위까지 신속하고 정확하게 판독할 수 있는 미터제(MKS) 측량자.A specific metering measurer for achieving the object of the present invention is as follows, which is the same as the claims.
A metering device used to measure elevation above sea level using an instrument, and as shown by the following figures (Figs. 2 and 4), a height of up to 10 cm can be quickly identified, The number of decimal places is displayed in Arabic numerals, and the height of each of the equal parts in 10 cm is divided by 10 cm under the Arabic numerals 0 to 9 in cm.
In addition, 1 cm is divided into 10 equal parts, and the actual scale of mm corresponding to the corresponding 4, 5 and 6 equal parts is displayed as a relatively low block and corresponds to 1 equal part when dividing 9, 10, And the remaining 2 and 7 equally divided mm are displayed in a relatively high real scale, the height in mm corresponding to the arabic numerals is displayed thereon, and 3 and 8 Mm corresponding to the equal division is represented by a relatively low real scale, and the height of the unit of mm corresponding to the Arabic numerals is displayed thereon. In addition, the height of the block in which the actual scale corresponding to the 4, 5, (MKS) surveyor capable of reading quickly and accurately up to 10 cm, 1 cm, and 1 mm units, characterized in that the height of the actual scale corresponding to the equilateral triangle,
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도 1은 본 발명에 관련되는 측지술 측량자에 관한 기본 평면도
도 2는 본 발명에 관련되는 측지술 측량자에 관한 Block(step) 평면도
도 3 (삭제)
도 4는 미터, 센티미터, 밀리미터까지 읽을 수 있는 측량자의 평면도
도 5는 도 4의 역방향 측량자의 평면도
도 6은 절토/성토 계산띠
도 7은 일반 밀리미터 단위의 눈금 기입 일반자의 평면도
도 8은 측지측량의 작업 수행 다이어그램Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a basic plan view of a geodetic surveying instrument according to the present invention. Fig.
2 is a block diagram of a geodetic surveying instrument according to the present invention.
3 (deletion)
Figure 4 is a top view of a meter that can read meters, centimeters, and millimeters.
Figure 5 is a top view of the < RTI ID = 0.0 >
6 is a cross-
Figure 7 is a top view of a general millimeter scale graduation character
Fig. 8 is a diagram showing a work execution diagram
Claims (5)
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| KR101843012B1 (en) | 2015-05-08 | 2018-03-28 | 박찬용 | Survey Rod |
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