KR101214334B1 - Method for manufacturing image display device, image display device and liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

As a manufacturing method of the image display apparatus which provided the transparent resin layer between the image display panel and a protective panel, and improved impact resistance, The image which can form a transparent resin layer without foam | bubble in a transparent resin layer, and is productive efficiently. A method of manufacturing a display device is provided. In the method of manufacturing an image display device in which a transparent organic medium is closely arranged without interposing an air layer between an image display panel and a protective panel provided on a viewer side of the image display panel. The liquid transparent organic substance medium is injected into the inner side surrounded by the edge member of one panel of the image display panel or the protective panel provided with the edge member having a plurality of voids through which air can pass.

Description

Manufacturing method of image display device and image display device and liquid crystal display device TECHNICAL FOR MANUFACTURING IMAGE DISPLAY DEVICE, IMAGE DISPLAY DEVICE AND LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DEVICE}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an image display device having an image display panel and a protective panel, a manufacturing method thereof, and a liquid crystal display device. The image display panel is a plasma display panel (PDP), a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic EL display (OLED), a field emission display (FED), or the like. In addition to the display panel described above, the display panel can also be used for the surface of a panel that displays still images such as photographs or paintings. In detail, the present invention relates to an image display device having a structure for protecting the image display panel from various usage environments and use states without impairing the visibility of the image display panel, and a method of manufacturing the image display device.

As a typical image display device, a liquid crystal display device is exemplified. A liquid crystal panel used in a liquid crystal display device fills and seals a liquid crystal through a gap of about a micron between glass substrates having a thickness of about 1 mm having transparent electrodes, pixel patterns, etc. formed on the surface thereof. It consists of an optical film, such as a polarizing plate affixed on the liquid crystal cell and its outer both surfaces. In the liquid crystal display device, light from a light source is recognized as an image by passing through a liquid crystal panel or the like. In this case, the outermost surface of a PC monitor use or a liquid crystal TV use is a polarizing plate, and in order to suppress surface reflection, the antiglare film or anti-reflective film provided with the fine unevenness | corrugation is formed in the polarizing plate surface, and under the polarizing plate There is a liquid crystal panel formed using a glass plate having a thickness of about 1 mm.

Among liquid crystal display devices, in particular, mobile phones, game machines, digital cameras, and in-vehicle applications are assumed to be constantly rubbed, such as when they can be put in a pocket of clothing, and the image display surface is made of acrylic resin or the like on a polarizing plate. Transparent substrates (protective panels) are provided, and the garment and the like do not directly contact each other. That is, since a liquid crystal panel is a display component which is thin and is easy to be damaged, the liquid crystal display apparatus of the structure which provided a transparent protective panel by providing a fixed space on the front surface of a liquid crystal panel is generally used.

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional liquid crystal display device. The structure which enclosed the liquid crystal 203 between two transparent glass 201 which opposes each other through the spacer 202 is the liquid crystal display cell 204, and the single side | surface or both sides of the outer side of this glass 201 The polarizing plate etc. 205 are affixed on this, and the liquid crystal panel 206 is comprised. On one side of the liquid crystal panel 206, a backlight unit 209 made of a reflecting plate, a light guide plate, a diffusion sheet, or the like is disposed. On the other side of the liquid crystal panel 206, a protective panel 207 is disposed via the space 208. The protective panel 207 is a transparent plate, and transparent plastics, such as glass, an acrylic resin, and a polycarbonate resin, are used. The space 208 is provided so that the influence of mechanical pressure applied from the outside does not directly reach the liquid crystal panel 206, and is a device on the premise of carrying and carrying a mobile phone, a game machine, a digital still camera, or the like. It is a structure especially necessary in the liquid crystal display used for the.

In general, the refractive index of the transparent visible portion of the protective panel is 1.4 to 1.6, or the refractive index of the transparent plastic film constituting the outermost layer of the polarizing plate attached to the visible side of the liquid crystal display cell is generally 1.5 to 1.6. Since it is made of air (air layer) and its refractive index is 1, there is a problem in that reflection damage due to Fresnel reflection is caused at each interface, and display characteristics are greatly deteriorated.

As described above, the PC monitor and the liquid crystal TV differ depending on the product of the glass plate under the polarizing plate. However, since the glass plate is approximately 0.5 to 0.7 mm, when a tableware, a vase, a toy, or the like is hit, there is a possibility that the degree of impact is large. Thereafter, PC monitors and liquid crystal TVs are in a direction in which the screen becomes larger, and as the screen becomes larger without changing the thickness of the glass plate, the impact resistance is lowered, and even if the impact is extremely small, it is easy to be damaged. Therefore, a method of improving impact resistance is considered by providing a transparent substrate (hereinafter referred to as a "protection panel") on the outermost surface, such as a mobile telephone.

However, even in this case, since there is a gap between the protective panel and the polarizing plate, the image introduction of the landscape to the image display surface accompanying the reflection on both surfaces of the protective panel and the total of three surfaces of the polarizing plate surface occurs strongly, and thus the bright There is a problem that visibility at the place is lowered. In applications where high image quality such as televisions and monitors are required, a protection panel that impairs the display performance of a liquid crystal display cannot be provided for maintaining visibility, and it is commercialized as it is today as the picture is distorted when a finger is pressed on the screen. .

Then, the method of suppressing reflection on the polarizing plate side of a polarizing plate and a protective panel by filling a transparent organic medium between a protective panel and a polarizing plate for the purpose of improving visibility, intensity | strength, etc. is proposed by the following publications. (For example, refer patent document 1-5). The above problem can be solved by replacing the gap between the protective panel and the polarizing plate with a transparent material, but as a new problem, when interposing the transparent material, there is a problem of deterioration of visibility due to air bubbles.

According to Patent Literature 6, in forming a transparent resin layer between an image display panel (liquid crystal cell) and a protective panel, while degassing each other, (1) a spacer having a deformation allowance region is used. Close contact by pressing, (2) Close contact by overflow using forming edges forming discharge path, (3) Suction pump using protective panel with inlet and exhaust holes It is considered to solve this problem by employing any of the methods of close bonding in combination with degassing. In addition, liquid resin is supplied in the inside surrounded by the said spacer or molding edge, and a liquid resin hardens | cures after that.

On the other hand, when the transparent organic medium is filled with liquid, when the transparent organic medium is a liquid, the transparent organic medium 2 is disposed between the protective panel 3 and the liquid crystal panel 4 without the edge 1 as shown in FIG. Overflow from (5). Therefore, even if a transparent organic substance medium is a liquid at the time of filling, it is preferable to solidify by external stimulation, such as light, heat, or normal temperature standing after that.

Even if it hardens | cures by light irradiation and heating after filling, and it solidifies, there exists a similar concern in the uncured state. Therefore, in the above case, an edge is required.

Moreover, in the said patent document, the example which provided the edge in patent document 1 is proposed. By the way, since the polarizing plate affixed to a protective panel and a liquid crystal panel is a plate shape which hardly bends in any one, it is difficult to put a transparent organic substance medium without bubble and between them. When affixing a flexible polarizing plate to a liquid crystal panel, it is possible to affix so that air may not enter while bending a polarizing plate, but since neither of a polarizing plate affixed to a protective panel and a liquid crystal panel lacks flexibility, affixing without bubble It is difficult.

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-174417

Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 06-075210

Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 09-318932

Patent Document 4: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 05-165011

Patent Document 5: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-064066

Patent Document 6: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-337411

Even with the method of patent document 6, the problem of bubble drying remains as a problem to be solved further, and in the method of (1) above, the strict quantification of the supply of the liquid resin is required, otherwise the excess resin It is necessary to treat soaked water, and in the method of (2), the flatness of the resin takes time, and the workability worsens, such as that the soaked resin needs to be treated or the process takes time. According to the method (3), the manufacturing apparatus and the work are complicated, and as a result, there is a problem that the production management of the image display apparatus is complicated and the productivity is lowered. In either method, it is necessary to process the spacer, the molded edge, or the protective panel into a special shape, and an inexpensive flat plate cannot be used. In addition, even in the outer peripheral portion where pores remain around the discharge path and the injection hole, and there is no direct effect on the burn, there is a problem that floating or peeling of the protective panel is likely to occur due to the bubbles in the long-term use environment. Moreover, there existed a problem that the operation method of the liquid resin which exuded required wiping off for every panel.

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing an image display apparatus in which a transparent organic medium is closely disposed between an image display panel and a protective panel without interposing an air layer. The first object of the present invention is to provide a method for easily and more productively producing an image display device that is excellent in visibility without curling up and to provide such an image display device. It is a 2nd object to solve a problem, and to provide a manufacturing method of a more productive image display apparatus, and such an image display apparatus.

Means for solving the above problems are as follows. In other words,

(1) In the manufacturing method of the image display apparatus by which the layer which consists of a transparent organic substance medium is interposed between the image display panel and the protection panel provided in the visual recognition side of the image display panel without interposing an air layer. ,

Injecting a liquid transparent organic medium into an inner side surrounded by the edge member of one of the panels for an image display panel or a protective panel provided with an edge member having a plurality of voids through which air can pass,

Placing the other panel of the image display panel or the protective panel on the border material; and

Solidifying the injected transparent liquid organic medium,

Method of manufacturing an image display device comprising a.

(2) The manufacturing method of the image display apparatus of said (1) description characterized by the above-mentioned volume of the liquid transparent organic medium used being more than the volume enclosed by an image display panel, a protection panel, and a border material.

(3) The above-mentioned (1) or (2), wherein the volume of the liquid transparent organic medium used is equal to or less than the sum of the volume surrounded by the image display panel, the protective panel, and the edge material and the volume of the entire void of the edge material. ) A method for manufacturing an image display device.

(4) Said liquid transparent organic substance medium contains the compound which has one or more acrylic acid derivative polymer and a polymerizable unsaturated bond in a molecule | numerator, and superpose | polymerizes by irradiation of heat or actinic light, The manufacturing method of the image display apparatus in any one of 1)-(3).

(5) The total light transmittance of the said transparent organic substance medium is 50% or more, The manufacturing method of the image display apparatus in any one of (1)-(4) characterized by the above-mentioned.

(6) The method for manufacturing an image display device according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the edge member is a porous sheet having a continuous bubble.

(7) The porosity of the said edge material is 20%-98%, The manufacturing method of the image display apparatus in any one of said (1)-(6) characterized by the above-mentioned.

(8) The manufacturing method of the image display apparatus in any one of said (1)-(7) characterized by including the process of removing an edge material after the process of solidifying the said liquid transparent organic substance medium.

(9) The image display apparatus obtained by the method in any one of said (1)-(7), and the transparent organic substance medium is impregnated to the edge material.

(10) A liquid crystal panel held by a backlight unit, two glass substrates, and having an electrode, a liquid crystal layer, an alignment layer, and a color filter therein; and a side not facing the backlight unit of the liquid crystal panel. A transparent protective panel provided, a polarizing plate provided on both sides of the liquid crystal panel, a transparent organic medium layer disposed between the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel, and an edge member formed to surround the transparent organic medium layer, At least a part of the edge member on the protective panel side is a continuous bubble-type porous member, and the edge member in contact with the continuous bubble-type porous member on the liquid crystal panel side is a non-porous member or an independent bubble-type porous member. A liquid crystal display device.

(11) A liquid crystal panel held by a backlight unit, two glass substrates and having an electrode, a liquid crystal layer, an alignment layer, and a color filter therein, and provided on a side not facing the backlight unit of the liquid crystal panel. A transparent protective panel, polarizing plates provided on both sides of the liquid crystal panel, a transparent organic medium layer disposed between the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel, and a non-porous member or independent bubble formed to surround the transparent organic medium layer. And a part of at least one side of the edge member on the side of the protective panel, wherein the edge member is formed of a porous porous member.

(12) A liquid crystal display device comprising a backlight unit and a liquid crystal panel held by two glass substrates and having an electrode, a liquid crystal layer, an alignment layer, and a color filter therein,

It has a transparent protective panel on the side which does not face the backlight unit of the said liquid crystal panel, The polarizing plate is affixed on both surfaces of the said liquid crystal panel, It has a transparent organic medium layer between the said protective panel and the said liquid crystal panel, The edge of four sides of a transparent organic medium layer has an edge material, a continuous bubble type porous member is used at least on the protective panel side of one side of the said edge material, and a nonporous member or an independent bubble type porous member is used for the liquid crystal panel side, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. Liquid crystal display device.

(13) The liquid crystal display device according to (12), wherein the driving IC driver is coupled to a side other than a side where a continuous bubble-type porous member is used on the protective panel side of the edge member.

(14) A liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal panel having an backlight unit and two glass substrates and having an electrode, a liquid crystal layer, an alignment layer, and a color filter disposed therein.

It has a transparent protective panel on the side which does not face the backlight unit of the said liquid crystal panel, The polarizing plate is affixed on both surfaces of the said liquid crystal panel, It has a transparent organic medium layer between the said protective panel and the said liquid crystal panel, An edge member is provided at the ends of the four sides of the transparent organic medium layer, and the edge member has a non-porous member or an independent bubble-type porous member on all four sides, and at least one side has one or more gaps. Device.

(15) The liquid crystal display device according to (14), wherein the one or more gaps are located at ends of sides.

(16) The liquid crystal display device according to (14) or (15), wherein the driving IC driver is coupled to a side other than the side where the edge member having one or more poles is used.

(17) In the above liquid crystal display device, the backlight, the liquid crystal panel and the two polarizing plates are in a housing, and the protective panel is bonded to the liquid crystal panel via the transparent organic medium layer. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of the above (12) to (16).

(18) In the above liquid crystal display device, the backlight, the liquid crystal panel, and the two polarizing plates are in a housing, and the protective panel is bonded to the liquid crystal panel via the transparent organic medium layer, and the protection The area of a panel is larger than the said liquid crystal panel, and the said protection panel and the said housing are combined, The liquid crystal display device in any one of said (12)-(16) characterized by the above-mentioned.

(19) A liquid crystal display device comprising a backlight unit and a liquid crystal panel held by two glass substrates and having an electrode, a liquid crystal layer, an alignment layer, and a color filter disposed therein.

The polarizing plate is affixed on the surface of the said backlight unit side of the said liquid crystal panel, has a transparent protective panel in the side which does not face the said backlight unit of the said liquid crystal panel, and is transparent organic substance between the said protection panel and the said liquid crystal panel. It has a media layer, and the edge part of the four sides of the said transparent organic medium layer has an edge material, and a continuous bubble type porous member is a non-porous member or an independent bubble type at the said liquid crystal panel side at least on the protective panel side of one side of the said edge material. A porous member is used, and a polarizing plate is affixed on the said transparent organic medium layer side of the said protection panel, The liquid crystal display device characterized by the above-mentioned.

(20) The liquid crystal display device according to (19), wherein a driver IC driver is not coupled to a side where a continuous bubble-shaped porous member is used on the side of the protective panel of the edge member.

(21) A liquid crystal display device comprising a backlight unit and a liquid crystal panel held by two glass substrates and having an electrode, a liquid crystal layer, an alignment layer, and a color filter therein.

The polarizing plate is affixed on the surface on the backlight unit side of the liquid crystal panel, has a transparent protective panel on the side not facing the backlight unit of the liquid crystal panel, and is transparent between the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel. It has an organic medium layer, and an edge material is provided at the edges of the four sides of the transparent organic medium layer, and the edge material is a nonporous member or an independent bubble-type porous member on all four sides, and at least one side has one or more gaps. And a polarizing plate affixed on said transparent organic medium layer side of said protective panel.

(22) The liquid crystal display device according to the above (21), wherein one or more gaps are located at ends of sides.

(23) The liquid crystal display device according to (21) or (22), wherein the driving IC driver is coupled to a side other than the side where the edge member with one or more poles is used.

(24) In the above liquid crystal display device, the backlight and the liquid crystal panel are in a housing, and the protective panel and the polarizing plate surface are bonded to the liquid crystal panel via the transparent organic medium layer. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of (19) to (23).

(25) In the above liquid crystal display device, the backlight and the liquid crystal panel are in a housing, and the protective panel and the polarizing plate surface are bonded to the liquid crystal panel via the transparent organic medium layer. An area is larger than the liquid crystal panel, and the protective panel and the housing are coupled to each other, wherein the liquid crystal display device according to any one of (19) to (23).

(26) Said backlight, said liquid crystal panel, said two polarizing plate, the medium layer of the said transparent organic substance, and the said protection panel are in the housing, The said (12)-(16) and (19)-(23) characterized by the above-mentioned. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of

(27) In the above liquid crystal display device, the backlight, the liquid crystal panel, and the two polarizing plates are in a housing, and the protective panel is bonded to the liquid crystal panel via the transparent organic medium layer, and the protection The area of the panel is larger than that of the liquid crystal panel, the protective panel and the housing are coupled, and the liquid crystal panel and the two polarizing plates are held in a transparent organic medium layer. ) And the liquid crystal display device according to any one of (19) to (23).

(28) The liquid crystal display device according to any one of (10) to (27), wherein the rubber hardness of the non-porous member is 0 to 30 in durometer A.

(29) The liquid crystal display device according to any one of (10) to (28), wherein the nonporous member contains particles having a diameter equal to the thickness of the transparent organic medium layer.

(30) The liquid crystal display device according to any one of (10) to (29), wherein the rubber hardness of the independent bubble-type porous member is 30 or less in durometer A.

(31) The driver IC driver for the liquid crystal panel is disposed on one side of one side of the liquid crystal panel closest to the ground and two sides perpendicular to the one side when the liquid crystal panel is leaned up. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of (10) to (30).

(32) The liquid crystal display device according to any one of (10) to (31), wherein the transparent organic medium layer has a thickness of 0.1 to 10 mm.

(33) The liquid crystal display device according to any one of (10) to (32), wherein the rubber hardness of the transparent organic medium layer is 30 or less in durometer A.

(34) In the case where the refractive index of the constituent member of the transparent organic medium layer is n and the refractive index of the protective panel is n ₀ , these refractive indices are in accordance with the following formula, characterized in that any of the above (10) to (33) The liquid crystal display device described.

_{n 0 - 0.2 <n <n} 0 + 0.2

(35) The liquid crystal display device according to any one of (10) to (34), wherein the transparent organic medium layer contains a compound having absorption in a visible region.

(36) The liquid crystal display device according to any one of (1) to (35), wherein the protective panel has an antireflection film or an antiglare film on the side not facing the transparent organic medium layer.

(37) The liquid crystal display device according to (36), wherein the antireflection film or antiglare film is formed of a silicon compound having silicon oxide fine particles and a hydrolyzable residue, and the antireflection film has voids therein.

(38) The liquid crystal display device according to (37), wherein the antireflection film has a layer formed of a compound having a perfluoroalkyl chain or a fluoroalkyl chain.

According to the manufacturing method of the image display apparatus of this invention, a bubble is not wound up in the transparent organic medium between an image display panel and a protective panel, and therefore, the image display apparatus excellent in visibility can be manufactured easily. By having a large number of voids as the rim material, by enclosing the outer circumference, it is not necessary to reduce the pressure by capillary action, and it is possible to move the liquid to the outer circumference quickly, and accordingly rolled into the transparent organic medium The bubble can be moved to the outer periphery in a short time, removed from the viewer, and driven into the voids of the rim. In addition, the problem of resin bleeding (odors caused by resin bleeding, contamination of the case, stickiness or treatment of bleeding resin, for example, cleaning of the oozing liquid resin from panel to panel) It can be easily removed. Since there is no bubble which remain | survives in the visual recognition part especially inside the edge material, peeling and expansion of the bubble part which generate | occur | produces it can be suppressed. This effect improves long-term reliability under the high temperature and high humidity (the effect of no peeling for a long time in an environmental test at high temperature, high humidity, for example, temperature 60 degreeC, humidity 90%). The image display apparatus obtained by this method is excellent in visibility, and has high productivity and reliability.

Moreover, according to this invention, leakage of a transparent organic substance medium can be suppressed and foam | bubble can be reduced (suppression of a residual bubble). Moreover, when combining a continuous foam type porous member with an edge material, a protective panel can be affixed on a liquid crystal panel without foam.

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional liquid crystal display device.
2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a liquid crystal display device which is one of the image display devices of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a method of manufacturing the image display device of the present invention.
4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the image display device of the present invention when a sheet-like transparent organic medium is used.
5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the image display device of the present invention.
6 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the image display device of the present invention.
7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal panel and a protective panel of a conventional liquid crystal television with a protective panel.
It is a process flowchart of the protection panel pasting of the conventional liquid crystal TV with a protection panel.
It is another process flowchart of the protective panel pasting of the conventional liquid crystal TV with a protective panel.
It is a process flowchart of the protective panel pasting of the liquid crystal TV with a protective panel of this invention.
It is another process flowchart of the protective panel pasting of the liquid crystal TV with a protective panel of this invention.
It is a flat sectional view which shows the example of arrangement | positioning of the edge material and continuous bubble type porous member of the liquid crystal television with a protection panel of this invention.
Fig. 13 is a plan sectional view showing another arrangement example of an edge member and a continuous bubble-type porous member of the liquid crystal TV of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a plan sectional view showing still another arrangement example of the frame member and the continuous bubble-type porous member of the liquid crystal television with a protective panel of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a plan sectional view showing yet another arrangement example of an edge member and a continuous bubble-type porous member of the liquid crystal TV of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a sectional view of the vicinity of a liquid crystal panel, an organic medium, a protective panel and an edge member of the liquid crystal TV of the present invention.
It is sectional drawing by the other examples of the liquid crystal panel, the organic substance medium, a protective panel, and the edge material vicinity of the liquid crystal TV of this invention.
18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal module according to a first example of the liquid crystal display of the present invention.
19 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
20 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal module according to a second example of the liquid crystal display of the present invention.
21 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal module according to a third example of the liquid crystal display of the present invention.
22 is a plan view and a cross-sectional view of a polarizing plate, a liquid crystal panel, a polarizing plate, and a back light unit of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
23 is a plan view and a sectional view of a polarizing plate, a liquid crystal panel, a polarizing plate, a backlight unit, and an edge portion according to another example of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
24 is a cross-sectional view of a polarizing plate, liquid crystal panel, polarizing plate, and backlight unit according to still another example of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
Fig. 25 is a sectional view of a part of a backlight unit made of a polarizing plate, a liquid crystal panel, a polarizing plate and a light emitting diode according to another example of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
Fig. 26 is a perspective view of the structure of the light emitting diode of the backlight unit used in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
27 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal module according to a fourth example of the liquid crystal display of the present invention.
28 is a schematic sectional view of a liquid crystal module according to a fifth example of the liquid crystal display of the present invention.
29 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal module according to a sixth example of the liquid crystal display of the present invention.
30 is a schematic sectional view of a liquid crystal module according to a seventh example of the liquid crystal display of the present invention.
Fig. 31 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal display device having a transparent organic medium layer containing layer thickness controlling particles used in the present invention.
32 is a plan sectional view showing an arrangement configuration of a frame member of a panel in Example 8. FIG.
It is a top view which shows the lower structure of the border material arrangement | positioning structure of the panel of Example 9, 10, and the protection panel of panel E1 after protective panel sticking.
It is a top view which shows the border material arrangement structure of the panel in Example 11. FIG.
It is a top view which shows the structural material arrangement example of the panel in Example 12. FIG.
It is a top view which shows the other example of the border material arrangement structure of the panel in Example 12. FIG.
37 is a plan view and a cross-sectional view showing the entire configuration of a liquid crystal TV according to the present invention.
38 is a cross-sectional view showing another overall configuration of the liquid crystal TV according to the present invention.

According to the first aspect, in the method for manufacturing an image display device of the present invention, a transparent organic medium adheres closely without interposing an air layer between an image display panel and a protective panel provided on the viewing side of the image display panel. In the manufacturing method of the image display apparatus arrange | positioned, the liquid transparent organic substance medium is inject | poured in the inside surrounded by said edge material of one panel of an image display panel or a protection panel in which the edge material which has many air gaps is installed. And a step of placing the other panel of the image display panel or the protective panel on the edge member, and solidifying the liquid transparent organic medium.

The image display apparatus of this invention is obtained by the manufacturing method of the image display apparatus of this invention, and is filled with the transparent organic substance medium in the edge material.

First, the apparatus for image display of the 1st aspect of this invention, and its manufacturing method are explained in full detail.

The image display apparatus of the present invention is a display apparatus using an image display panel such as a plasma display panel (PDP), a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic EL display (OLED), a field emission display (FED), or the like. In addition to the display device described above, a protection panel is also attached to a panel that displays still images such as photographs or paintings.

The image display device of the present invention can be applied regardless of size, for example, from a small size of about 2 inches, such as a liquid crystal display of a cellular phone, to a large display of 32 inches or more. In particular, the present invention is effective in a large display of 32 inches or larger that bubbles are likely to curl. It is because the curling of the bubble of a transparent resin layer can be moved to an outer peripheral part for a short time, and can be eliminated from the visual recognition part.

The image display device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a liquid crystal display device which is one of the image display apparatuses of the present invention, wherein an edge member 210 is provided between the liquid crystal panel 206 and the protective panel 207. The transparent organic medium 211 is filled in the space divided by the liquid crystal panel 206 and the protective panel 207. In a liquid crystal panel, the driver chip for operating it may be mounted in the transparent base material (glass, etc.) which forms a liquid crystal panel, and may be provided with the cable which connects a driver chip and an output circuit. As a final product, a liquid crystal panel is assembled to a case (housing) of a PC, a mobile phone, a television, or the like, and is fixed and used. In this invention, when the liquid crystal panel is previously attached to a case etc., this is included in the image display panel. Although backlight is essential as a liquid crystal display device, it is not essential as a panel for the image (liquid crystal) display apparatus or an image (liquid crystal display) apparatus of this invention. Like a reflective liquid crystal device, some backlights are not necessarily required.

[Image display panel]

An image display panel is a panel for displaying an image used for the image display apparatus described above, and a surface facing each other with a protective panel is made of a transparent base material such as glass, plastic plate, plastic film, and the like. It may be a panel or an intermediate product thereof. In addition, the surface of a transparent base material may be surface-treating. The main purpose of the surface treatment is to improve antireflection, antistatic property, hardness, friction resistance, lubricity, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, heat resistance, heat insulation, insulation, adhesion, decoration, aesthetics, and the like. Actually, vapor deposition, sputtering, hard coat, silane coupling agent, plating, etching, vapor phase etching, plasma treatment, ultraviolet irradiation treatment, ozone treatment, printing and the like can be mentioned. Surface treatment also includes what affixed the sheet-form board | substrate already surface-treated to the transparent base material with adhesive etc.

[Protection panel]

In the present invention, the protective panel serves to protect the outer surface of the display device and the image display device, and surface hardness and scratch resistance are required. In a liquid crystal display device, it is preferable that the phase difference by birefringence of a protective panel is 50 nm or less. In the liquid crystal display device, if the birefringence of the transparent viewing portion is 50 nm or less, it does not affect the excellent color tone of the panel for image display.

When the ultraviolet-ray transmittance of wavelength 365nm is less than 1%, when a hardening | curing ultraviolet curable liquid substance is formed and a transparent organic medium is formed, a protective panel cannot obtain sufficient exposure amount by ultraviolet irradiation from a transparent viewing part side (protective panel side). Since it is easy to leave problems, such as odor due to lack of hardening, when irradiating an ultraviolet-ray from the transparent visibility part side, it is preferable that the ultraviolet-ray transmittance of wavelength 365nm of a protective panel is 1% or more.

Glass and transparent resin are mentioned as an example of the material used for the transparent visual recognition part of a protective panel. It is preferable that these are small in optical deformation. Especially as transparent resin, resin materials which are excellent in ultraviolet permeability and low birefringence, such as acrylic resin, olefin resin, cycloolefin resin, fluorine resin, low birefringent polycarbonate resin, low birefringent polyester resin, silicone resin, It may be mentioned as appropriate. In addition to the visible portion of the protective panel, there may be a picture frame called a black ceram. The function of the black ceram has the effect of hiding an IC driver and a connection part by blacking peripheral parts other than the visibility part. The thing which surface-treats is included in a protection panel. The main purpose of the surface treatment is to improve antireflection, antistatic property, hardness, friction resistance, lubricity, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, heat resistance, heat insulation, insulation, adhesion, decoration, aesthetics, and the like. Actually, vapor deposition, sputtering, hard coat, silane coupling agent, plating, etching, vapor phase etching, plasma treatment, ultraviolet irradiation treatment, ozone treatment, printing and the like can be mentioned. Surface treatment also includes what affixed the sheet-form board | substrate already surface-treated to the transparent base material with adhesive etc.

[Transparent Organics Medium]

In the present invention, the transparent organic medium (transparent filler) is obtained by solidifying a liquid transparent organic medium.

Although the thickness of a transparent organic medium can be selected freely according to the specification of the image display apparatus, 0.1-10 mm is mentioned as a preferable range. If the thickness is less than 0.1 mm, it tends to be difficult to absorb stress from the outside, and if it exceeds 10 mm, the transparency and color tend to be lowered.

As the transparent organic medium (after solidification) in the present invention, the total light transmittance is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 70% or more, in order not to lower the brightness or contrast of the displayed image. It is more preferable to set it as 80% or more, and an upper limit is normally about 92%. You may also contain a pigment and dye for the purpose of controlling transmission of color tone, an ultraviolet-ray, and an infrared ray.

A liquid transparent organic medium is a liquid under conditions filled on an image display panel or a protective panel, and can solidify later.

In the present invention, as a liquid transparent organic medium, specifically, a thermosetting initiator or a photopolymerization initiator is blended with a thermosetting monomer or a photocurable monomer, their oligomers, or a polymer or a mixture of the oligomer and the monomer. Liquid inorganic substances, thermoplastic resins, transparent inorganic membranes by the sol-gel method, and the like. (The sol-gel method uses a solution of an inorganic or organometallic salt as a starting solution. The solution is a colloidal solution by hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction. It is a method of producing glass or ceramics by forming a solid (Gel) which is made into (Sol), further promotes the reaction, and loses fluidity, and heat-treats the gel.). Especially, the liquid substance which mix | blends a photoinitiator etc. with the ultraviolet curable monomer, its oligomer, or a mixture of a polymer and the said monomer is mentioned suitably.

Since the adhesive force can be imparted in order to bond a protective panel and a liquid crystal panel, although a liquid transparent organic medium can use a crosslinkable silicone rubber resin and a crosslinkable polyurethane elastomer or other resin composition suitably, in particular, It is preferable to include acrylic acid or acrylic acid derivatives, or polymers of acrylic acid or acrylic acid derivatives thereof (including oligomers. These are hereinafter referred to as acrylic acid derivatives) and acrylic acid derivatives. In particular, since it can photocure in a short time, it is more preferable to contain acrylic acid and its derivative (including oligomer), and specifically, the compound which has an acrylic acid derivative polymer and one or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds in a molecule | numerator. It is preferable to contain.

As said acrylic acid derivative, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, derivatives thereof, etc. are mentioned. In addition to acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, specifically, as a compound which has one polymerizable unsaturated bond in a molecule | numerator, methyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, i-butyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, Alkyl methacrylates such as isononyl methacrylate, n-octyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, i-butyl acrylate, 2-ethyl Alkyl acrylates such as hexyl acrylate, isononyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, aralkyl methacrylates such as benzyl methacrylate, aralkyl acrylates such as benzyl acrylate, butoxyethyl methacrylate and the like Amino al such as alkoxyalkyl acrylates such as alkoxyalkyl methacrylate and butoxyethyl acrylate and N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate Aminoalkyl acrylates such as methacrylate, N, N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, methacrylic acid esters of diethylene glycol ethyl ether, methacrylic acid esters of triethylene glycol butyl ether, and dipropylene glycol methyl ether Polyalkylene glycol alkyl, such as methacrylic acid ester of polyalkylene glycol alkyl ether, such as a crylic acid ester, acrylic acid ester of diethylene glycol ethyl ether, acrylic acid ester of triethylene glycol butyl ether, and acrylic acid ester of dipropylene glycol methyl ether Methacrylic acid ester of polyalkylene glycol aryl ether, such as the acrylate ester of ether, methacrylic acid ester of hexaethylene glycol phenyl ether, acrylic acid ester of polyalkylene glycol aryl ether, such as acrylate ester of hexaethylene glycol phenyl ether, and cyclo Hexyl meta Acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, dicyclopentanyl methacrylate, dicyclopentanyl acrylate, isobonyl methacrylate, methoxylated cyclodecatylene methacrylate, isobornyl acrylate, methoxylated cyclodecate acrylate Fluorinated alkyl acrylates, such as methacrylic acid ester or acrylic acid ester which have alicyclic groups, such as heptadecafluorodecyl methacrylate, and heptadecafluorodecyl acrylate, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate Acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, glycerol methacrylate, Methacrylic acid ester or acrylic acid which has hydroxyl groups, such as glycerol acrylate Methacrylic acid esters or acrylic acid esters having carboxyl groups such as stearic acid, acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, methacrylic acid esters or acrylic acid esters having glycidyl groups such as glycidyl methacrylate and glycidyl acrylate, acrylamide Etc. can be mentioned. These can use together single or two types or more.

The compound which has one of these polymerizable unsaturated bonds in a molecule can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.

In the present invention, as the acrylic acid derivative, a compound having two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds in a molecule can be used together with a compound having one polymerizable unsaturated bond in a molecule. As such a compound, bisphenol A dimethacrylate, 1, 4- butanediol dimethacrylate, 1, 3- butylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, glycerol dimethacrylate, neopentyl Glycol dimethacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, polypropylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, trimetholpropane trimethacrylate, pentaerythritol trimethacrylate, tris (methacryloxy Ethyl) isocyanurate, pentaerythritol tetramethacrylate, dipentaerythritol tetramethacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexamethacrylate, dipentaerythritol pentamethacrylate, bisphenol A diacrylate, 1,4-butanediol diol Acrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol diacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, gly Cerrol diacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polypropylene glycol diacrylate, tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, tris (acryloxy Ethyl) isocyanurate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, and the like.

As a compound which has two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds in a molecule | numerator in an acrylic acid derivative, General formula (a)

However,

(However, in the formula, R represents an ethylene group or a propylene group, m and n each independently represent an integer of 1 to 20.) The diacrylate compound of the alkylene oxide adduct of bisphenol A represented by these, and these Compound which changed acryloyl group to methacryloyl group, general formula (b)

[Figure 2]

(However, m and n each independently represent an integer of 1 to 10.) The epichlorohydrin modified product of bisphenol A, the addition ester of acrylic acid, and these acryloyl groups are methacrylic. Compound changed to royl group, general formula (c)

[Tue 3]

(However, in the formula, R represents an ethylene group or a propylene group, m and n each independently represent an integer of 1 to 20.) The diacrylate compound of the alkylene oxide adduct of phosphoric acid represented by these, acryl Compound in which royl group is changed to methacryloyl group, general formula (d)

[Figure 4]

(In the formula, m and n each independently represent an integer of 1 to 10.) The epichlorin modified product of phthalic acid, the addition ester of acrylic acid, and the acryloyl group of these as the methacryloyl group Modified compound, general formula (e)

[Figure 5]

(However, m and n each independently represent an integer of 1 to 20.) The epichlorine-modified product of 1,6-hexanediol and acrylic acid addition esterified product (acryloyl group is 1 molecule each). Having two), a compound in which these acryloyl groups are changed to methacryloyl group, and general formula (f)

[6]

(However, in the formula, R represents an ethylene group or a propylene group, and three m each independently represents an integer of 1 to 20.) The triacrylate compound of the alkyne oxide adduct of phosphoric acid represented by these, acryl Compound in which royl group was changed to methacryloyl group, general formula (g)

[Tue 7]

(However, in the formula, R represents an ethylene group or a propylene group, and m, m 'and m "each independently represent an integer of 1 to 20.) A tree of the alkylene oxide adduct of trimetholpropane represented by The acrylate compound, the compound in which these acryloyl group was changed to the methacryloyl group, etc. These monomers can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.

In this invention, a high molecular weight crosslinking agent can be used as a compound which has 2 or more of polymerizable unsaturated bonds in a molecule | numerator.

As a high molecular weight crosslinking agent, there are the following.

(a) Di (meth) acrylate of a dialcohol compound, For example, it is obtained by making polyalkylene glycol, such as polyethyleneglycol, polypropylene glycol, polybutylene glycol, and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid react.

(b) Epoxy which has two epoxy groups in the molecule | numerators, such as the di (meth) acrylate of an epoxy resin, for example, diglycidyl ether of polyalkylene glycol, such as polyethyleneglycol, polypropylene glycol, and polybutylene glycol It is obtained by making resin and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid react.

(c) Di (meth) acrylate of polyester whose both ends are hydroxyl groups; Specifically, polyester polyol is manufactured by making a saturated acid and polyhydric alcohol react. Examples of the saturated acid include aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as azelaic acid, adipic acid, and sebatinic acid. Examples of the polyhydric alcohol include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, butylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and polypropylene glycol. There is this. By reacting such polyester polyol with acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, di (meth) acrylate of polyester can be obtained.

(d) Di (meth) acrylate of polyurethane; Specifically, a polyurethane is obtained by making a polyhydric alcohol compound and a polyhydric isocyanate compound react. Examples of the polyhydric alcohol include propylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 2-methyl-1, 8-octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, poly-1,2-butylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, ethylene glycol propylene glycol block copolymer , Ethylene glycol-tetramethylene glycol copolymer, methylpentanediol modified polytetramethylene glycol, propylene glycol modified polytetramethylene glycol, propylene oxide adduct of bisphenol A, propylene oxide adduct of water bisphenol A, The propylene oxide adduct of bisphenol F, the propylene oxide adduct of hydrogenated bisphenol F, etc., As a polyhydric isocyanate compound, tolylene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, Hexamethylene diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, tetramethylxylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, hydrogenated tolylene diisocyanate, hydrogenated xylylene diisocyanate, hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate, norbornene di Diisocyanate, such as isocyanate, or the polymer of the above-mentioned diisocyanate, or the urea modified body of a diisocyanate, a biuret modified body, etc. are mentioned.

As such a polyurethane, the di (meth) acrylate of a polyurethane can be obtained by making the compound which has a hydroxyl group in the terminal obtained by making it react with excess polyhydric alcohol with acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.

(e) A compound obtained by reacting a polyurethane with a compound having a hydroxyl group and a reactive double bond; in detail, the polyhydric alcohol and polyhydric isocyanate compound serving as a raw material of the polyurethane are the same as above.

As such a polyurethane, the compound which has an isocyanate group in the terminal obtained by making it react excessively with polyhydric isocyanate can be made into a reactive double bond terminal polyurethane by making it react with the compound which has a hydroxyl group and a reactive double bond. As a compound which has a hydroxyl group and a reactive double bond, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, polyethyleneglycol monoacrylate, Polypropylene glycol monoacrylate, ethylene glycol propylene glycol block copolymer monoacrylate, ethylene glycol tetramethylene glycol copolymer monoacrylate, caprolactone-modified monoacrylate (trade name: Fraxel FA series, manufactured by Daicel Chemical Corporation), Acrylic acid derivatives such as pentaerythritol triacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol monometha Acrylate, polypropylene glycol monomethacrylate, ethylene Recall propylene glycol block copolymer monomethacrylate, ethylene glycol tetramethylene glycol copolymer monomethacrylate, caprolactone-modified monomethacrylate (trade name: Fraxel FM series: manufactured by Daicel Chemical Corporation), pentaerythritol trimethacrylate, and the like. Methacrylic acid derivatives and the like.

As a high molecular weight crosslinking agent, the di (meth) acrylate of a polyurethane and the reactive double bond terminal polyurethane (in particular, a reactive double bond based on a (meth) acryloyl group) are preferable as a high molecular weight crosslinking agent. Moreover, it is more preferable that the diol component of a polyurethane consists of polypropylene glycol among these, It is especially preferable to use the polyurethane whose diol component is polypropylene glycol and the diisocyanate component is isophorone diisocyanate.

When the compatibility between the polymer and the high molecular weight crosslinking agent is low, when the amount of the high molecular weight crosslinking agent is increased, the cured product becomes cloudy. However, by using alkylene glycol as a raw material of the high molecular weight crosslinking agent, the compatibility with the polymer can be improved. The transparency can be maintained regardless of the amount of the high molecular weight crosslinking agent. Moreover, by using a high molecular weight crosslinking agent, even when using it in comparatively large quantities, hardened | cured material can be prevented from falling off or adhesive force becomes low too much. Thereby, the usage-amount of a crosslinking agent can be increased and it can suppress that the characteristic of hardened | cured material changes by the error at the time of compounding.

As the synthesis method of the high molecular weight crosslinking agent, conventional polymerization methods such as bulk polymerization, solution polymerization, suspension polymerization and emulsion polymerization can be used.

These high molecular weight crosslinking agents can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.

In the present invention, a compound having one polymerizable unsaturated bond in the molecule, such as acrylonitrile, styrene, vinyl acetate, ethylene and propylene, can be used as the reactive compound. Moreover, as compounds other than the said acrylic acid derivative, the compound (divinylbenzene etc.) which has 2 or more of polymerizable unsaturated bonds in a molecule | numerator can also be used.

In the above, in order to acquire the effect in this invention, 90 weight% or less is preferable, 50 weight% or less of the usage-amount of compounds other than an acrylic acid derivative in the total amount of the reactive compound to be used is especially preferable, 0-20 weight% is preferable.

Moreover, 0.01-70 weight% is preferable with respect to the reactive compound whole quantity to use, and, as for the usage-amount of the compound which has two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds in a molecule, 0.1-50 weight% is more preferable. When it exceeds 70 weight%, there exists a tendency for a transparent resin layer to tear easily by an impact.

In addition, the amount of the compound having two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds in the molecule other than the above-mentioned high molecular weight crosslinking agent (particularly monomer, low molecular weight oligomer) is preferably 0.01 to 10% by weight based on the total amount of the reactive compound to be used. , 0.1 to 5% by weight is more preferable. When it exceeds 10 weight%, there exists a tendency for a transparent resin layer to tear easily by an impact.

The acrylic acid derivative polymer in the present invention is obtained by polymerizing a compound having one polymerizable unsaturated bond in a molecule among acrylic acid derivatives, and may use a compound having two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds in a molecule. It is preferable that the weight average molecular weight (measured using the calibration curve of standard polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography) is 100,000-700,000, 150,000-400,000 are more preferable, 200,000-350,000 are more preferable.

The acrylic acid derivative polymer may be a polymer obtained by polymerizing a combination of an acrylic acid derivative and a compound other than this.

As a polymerization method of said reactive compound, existing polymerization methods, such as solution polymerization, emulsion polymerization, and block polymerization, can be used.

In the superposition | polymerization of said reactive compound, both a photoinitiator and a thermal polymerization initiator can be used as a polymerization initiator, You may use these together. In addition, when superposing | polymerizing by irradiation of an electron beam, you do not need to use a polymerization initiator. That is, hardening reaction can be performed by hardening reaction by irradiation of an active energy ray, hardening reaction by heat, or these combined use. An active energy ray means an ultraviolet-ray, an electron beam, alpha rays, beta rays, gamma rays, etc.

These methods can also be used for the synthesis of the acrylic acid derivative polymer.

As a photoinitiator, it can select from well-known materials, such as a benzophenone series, anthraquinone series, a benzoin system, a sulfonium salt, a diazonium salt, an onium salt. They are particularly sensitive to ultraviolet radiation.

As said photoinitiator, More specifically, benzophenone, N, N'- tetramethyl-4,4'- diamino benzophenone (Mihilerketone), N, N- tetraethyl-4, 4'- dia Minobenzophenone, 4-methoxy-4'-dimethylaminobenzophenone, α-hydroxyisobutylphenone, 2-ethylanthraquinone, t-butylanthraquinone, 1,4-dimethylanthraquinone, 1-chloroanthraquinone , 2,3-dichloroanthraquinone, 3-chlor-2-methylanthraquinone, 1,2-benzoanthraquinone, 2-phenylanthraquinone, 1,4-naphthoquinone, 9,10-phenanthraquinone, thi Oxanthone, 2-chlorothioxanthone, 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone, 2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl Benzoin compounds such as aromatic ketone compounds such as propane-1-one, benzoin compounds such as benzoin, methyl benzoin and ethyl benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isobutyl ether and benzoin phenyl ether Inether compounds, benzyl, 2,2 -Diethoxyacetophenone, benzyl dimethyl ketal, ester compounds of β- (acridin-9-yl) acrylic acid, 9-phenylacridine, 9-pyridylacridine, 1,7-diacridinoheptane, etc. Acridine compound, 2- (o-chlorophenyl) -4,5-diphenylimidazole dimer, 2- (o-chlorophenyl) -4,5-di (m-methoxyphenyl) imidazole dimer Sieve, 2- (o-fluorophenyl) -4,5-diphenylimidazole dimer, 2- (o-methoxyphenyl) -4,5-diphenylimidazole dimer, 2- (p -Methoxyphenyl) -4,5-diphenylimidazole dimer, 2,4-di (p-methoxyphenyl) 5-phenylimidazole dimer, 2- (2,4-dimethoxyphenyl) 2,4,5-triarylimidazole dimers such as -4,5-diphenylimidazole dimer and 2- (p-methylmercaptophenyl) -4,5-diphenylimidazole dimer , 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) -1-butanone, 2-methyl-1- [4- (methylthio) phenyl] -2-morpholino-1- Propane, bis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenylphosphineoxide, oligo (2-hydroxy- 2-methyl-1- (4- (1-methylvinyl) phenyl) propanone) etc. are mentioned. In particular, 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-1-one, 1- [4- (2-hydroxy) as those which do not color the resin composition Α-hydroxyalkylphenone compounds such as ethoxy) -phenyl] -2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-propan-1-one and bis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenylphosphine oxide , Acylphosphine oxide compounds such as bis (2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl) -2,4,4-trimethyl-pentylphosphine oxide, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenylphosphine oxide, oligos ( 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1- (4- (1-methylvinyl) phenyl) propanone) and combinations thereof are preferable. In addition, in order to produce especially thick sheets, bis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenylphosphine oxide and bis (2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl) -2,4,4-trimethyl-pentylphosphine oxide The photoinitiator containing the acyl phosphine oxide type compounds, such as 2,4,6- trimethyl benzoyl- diphenyl phosphine oxide, is preferable. In addition, oligo (2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1- (4- (1-methylvinyl) phenyl) propanone) is preferable in order to reduce the odor of the sheet. You may use these photoinitiators in combination of plurality.

As a thermal polymerization initiator, it is an initiator which generate | occur | produces a radical by heat, Specifically, benzoyl peroxide, t-butylperbenzoate, cumene hydroperoxide, diisopropyl peroxy dicarbonate, di-n-propyl peroxy dicarbonate, di (2-ethoxyethyl) peroxydicarbonate, t-butylperoxy neodecanoate, t-butylperoxy bivalate, (3,5,5-trimethylhexanoyl) peroxide, dipropionyl peroxide, di Organic peroxides, such as acetyl peroxide, are mentioned. 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2'-azobis (2-methylbutyronitrile), 1,1'-azobis (cyclohexane-1-carbonyl), 2,2 '-Azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), 2,2'-azobis (2,4-dimethyl-4-methoxyvaleronitrile), dimethyl-2,2'-azobis (2- Methylpropionate), 4,4'-azobis (4-cyanovaleric acid), 2,2'-azobis (2-hydroxymethylpropionitrile), 2,2'-azobis [2- Azo compounds such as (2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane].

It is preferable that the liquid transparent organic medium of this invention and the solidified transparent organic medium using the same make visible light transmittance 80% or more.

As a liquid transparent organic substance medium in this invention,

10 to 80 parts by weight of acrylic acid derivative polymer,

15 to 89.49 parts by weight of an acrylic acid derivative (but a compound having one polymerizable unsaturated bond in the molecule)

And

0.5-50 parts by weight of an acrylic acid derivative (but a compound having two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds in a molecule) or a high molecular weight crosslinking agent

The resin composition which contains is preferable.

Moreover, 0.01-5 weight part of polymerization initiators can be mix | blended, and it is preferable to use so that it may become 100 weight part with a total amount with the said component.

Here, what was demonstrated above can be used for each component.

In this invention, a photoinitiator or a thermal polymerization initiator can be used as a polymerization initiator. In the said mixing | blending, when using a photoinitiator as a polymerization initiator, the usage-amount is 0.1-5 weight part is preferable, When using a thermal-polymerization initiator as a polymerization initiator, the usage-amount is preferably 0.01-1 weight part, and a photoinitiator When using together and a thermal polymerization initiator, it is preferable to use in these ranges, respectively.

The liquid transparent organic substance medium in the present invention,

15 to 60 parts by weight of acrylic acid derivative polymer, preferably 30 to 60 parts by weight, more preferably 40 to 60 parts by weight

39-84.99 weight part of acrylic acid derivatives (however, a compound having one polymerizable unsaturated bond in a molecule), preferably 39-69 weight parts, more preferably 39-59 weight parts,

And

It is more preferable that an acrylic acid derivative (however, a compound having two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds in a molecule) or 0.5 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 40 parts by weight of a high molecular weight crosslinking agent.

In addition, a polymerization initiator may be contained, and it is 0.01-5 weight part, Furthermore, 0.01-3 weight part, Especially 0.5-2 weight part (The photoinitiator, Preferably it is 0.1-5 weight part, More preferably, Is 0.3-3 weight part, Especially preferably, it is 0.5-2 weight part, A thermal polymerization initiator becomes like this. Preferably it is 0.01-1 weight part, More preferably, 0.01-0.5 weight part, Use a photoinitiator and a thermal polymerization initiator together When used, it is preferable to be used in these ranges, respectively). It is preferable to use, and it is preferable to use so that it may be 100 weight part in total amount with the said component.

As said acrylic acid derivative polymer, the acrylic acid derivative copolymer demonstrated next is especially preferable.

The copolymer is 50 to 87% by weight (preferably 60 to 70% by weight) of alkyl acrylate (hereinafter referred to as AA monomer) having 4 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and the following general formula (I)

[Figure 8]

CH ₂ = CHCOO (C _m H _2m O) _n H (I)

(In the formula, m is 2, 3 or 4, n represents an integer of 1 to 10.)

It is obtained by polymerizing 13-50 weight% (preferably 30-40 weight%) of hydroxyl group containing acrylate (henceforth HA monomer) represented by the following.

As a compound which has one said polymerizable unsaturated bond in a molecule | numerator, the compound which has one acryloyl group in a molecule | numerator is preferable, and this also contains 50-87 weight% (especially 60-70 weight%) of AA monomers. And it is preferable to use HA monomer so that it may become a ratio of 13-50 weight% (especially 30-40 weight%).

In addition, between the ratio (P% by weight) of the HA monomer in the copolymer and the ratio (M% by weight) of the HA monomer in the compound having one acryloyl group,

[Number 1]

-8≤ (P-M) ≤8

It is especially preferable to mix | blend so that there may be a relationship. When (P-M) does not satisfy said formula, the shock absorber which concerns on this invention at the time of hardening becomes easy to become cloudy. In the monomer having one copolymer and one acryloyl group, this condition is always satisfied when the AA monomer (and HA monomer) is in the above ratio.

As said AA monomer, n-butyl acrylate, n-pentyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, stearyl acryl Although a rate etc. are mentioned, n-butyl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate is preferable, and ethylhexyl acrylate is especially preferable. Moreover, you may use these acrylates in combination of 2 or more type.

As said HA monomer, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 1-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 1-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 4-hydroxy Hydroxyl group-containing acrylates such as butyl acrylate, 3-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 1-hydroxybutyl acrylate, polyethylene glycol monoacrylates such as diethylene glycol and triethylene glycol, and di Polypropylene glycol monoacrylates, such as propylene glycol and tripropylene glycol, Polybutylene glycol monoacrylates, such as dibutylene glycol and tributylene glycol, etc. are mentioned, but 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate and 1-hydrate are mentioned. Hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 1-hydroxypropyl acrylate Acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 3-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 1-hydroxybutyl acrylate are preferable, and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate is especially preferable. In addition, you may use these acrylates in combination of 2 or more type.

The copolymer obtained by polymerizing the AA monomer and the HA monomer in the present invention has a weight average molecular weight (measured using a calibration curve of standard polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography, the same below) of 100,000 to 700,000. Preferably, 150,000-400,000 are more preferable, and 200,000-350,000 are more preferable.

As a method for synthesizing the copolymer, conventional polymerization methods such as solution polymerization, suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization and block polymerization can be used, but solution polymerization or block polymerization is preferable. As a polymerization initiator, the compound which generate | occur | produces a radical by heat can be used, Specifically, benzoyl peroxide, t-butylperbenzoate, cumene hydroperoxide, diisopropyl peroxy dicarbonate, di-n-propyl peroxy dicarbonate , Di (2-ethoxyethyl) peroxydicarbonate, t-butylperoxy neodecanoate, t-butylperoxybivalate, (3,5,5-trimethylhexanoyl) peroxide, dipropionyl peroxide , Organic peroxides such as diacetyl peroxide and dodecyl peroxide, 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2'-azobis (2-methylbutyronitrile), 1,1'-azo Bis (cyclohexane-1-carbonyl). 2,2'-azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), 2,2'-azobis (2,4-dimethyl-4-methoxyvaleronitrile), dimethyl2,2'-azobis ( 2-methylpropionate), 4,4'-azobis (4-cyanovaleric acid), 2,2'-azobis (2-hydroxymethylpyionitrile), 2,2'-azobis [2 Azo compounds such as-(2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane].

It is preferable to use said acrylic acid derivative polymer or acrylic acid derivative copolymer for the improvement of a mechanical characteristic. Moreover, hardening shrinkage can be suppressed by using said copolymer.

An acrylic acid derivative (however, a compound having one polymerizable unsaturated bond in the molecule or a compound having one acryloyl group in the molecule) can be used for viscosity adjustment of the composition. It is preferable to use an acrylic acid derivative (however, a compound having two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds in a molecule or a compound having two or more acryloyl groups in a molecule) in order to maintain the shape of the cured product of the composition.

In addition, in the acrylic acid derivative copolymer and the compound having one acryloyl group in the molecule, if there are too many AA monomers, and if the HA monomers are too small, the cured product will easily become cloudy when absorbed. On the contrary, when there are too many HA monomers, and therefore there are too few AA monomers, the hardened | cured material of the shock absorber which concerns on this invention will become easy to deform | transform if it absorbs moisture.

If the polymerization initiator is too small, the reaction will not proceed sufficiently. On the contrary, if the polymerization initiator is too large, the polymerization initiator will remain in a large amount, causing problems in optical and mechanical properties. In addition, when hardening such a composition by irradiation of an electron beam, it is not necessary to use a photoinitiator.

The acrylic acid derivatives (but compounds having two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds in the molecule) are also preferably compounds having two or more acryloyl groups as polymerizable unsaturated bonds.

Examples of the compound having two or more acryloyl groups in a molecule include bisphenol A diacrylate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, 1,9-nonanediol diacrylate, 1, 3-butylene glycol diacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate, glycerol diacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polypropylene glycol diacrylate, polybutyl Lenglycol diacrylate, trimetholpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, tris (acryloxyethyl) isocyanurate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate Acrylate monomers such as dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate and epoxy Although acryl oligomers, such as a latent, polyester acrylate, urethane acrylate, and an acrylate, are mentioned, 1, 6- hexanediol diacrylate, 1, 9- nonane diol diacrylate, and a tripropylene glycol diacrylate And diacrylates such as polyethylene glycol diacrylate and polypropylene glycol diacrylate. In addition, among those compounds having two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds in the molecule, those having two or more acryloyl groups can be appropriately selected and used.

It is preferable that the said high molecular weight crosslinking agent also has acryloyl group as a polymerizable unsaturated bond.

As a liquid transparent organic substance medium in this invention,

15 to 60 parts by weight of the acrylic acid derivative copolymer

Acrylic acid derivatives (however, compounds having one acryloyl group in the molecule)

     39 to 84.2 parts by weight

0.5-10 parts by weight of an acrylic acid derivative (but a compound having two or more acryloyl groups in a molecule) or a high molecular weight crosslinking agent

And

It contains 0.3-3 weight part of photoinitiators,

The copolymer is obtained by polymerizing 50 to 87% by weight of AA monomer (particularly 60 to 70% by weight) and 13 to 50% by weight of HA monomer (particularly 30 to 40% by weight),

As a compound which has one said acryloyl group in a molecule | numerator, it is 50-87 weight% (especially 60-70 weight%) of AA monomer, and 13-50 weight% (especially 30-40 weight%) of HA monomer Use as much as possible,

Between the ratio (P weight%) of HA monomer in the said copolymer, and the ratio (M weight%) of HA monomer in the compound which has one acryloyl group in a molecule | numerator,

[Number 2]

-8≤ (P-M) ≤8

It is especially preferable to mix | blend so that there may be a relationship.

Here, the above-mentioned thing can be used as a photoinitiator. As for a photoinitiator, More preferably, 0.5-2 weight part is used. Moreover, you may contain the thermal polymerization initiator as needed. In the above blending, the thermal polymerization initiator is preferably used in the range of 0 parts by weight or 1 part by weight or less, and more preferably in the range of 0 parts by weight or 0.5 parts by weight or less. It is preferable that the said high molecular weight crosslinking agent has acryloyl group as a polymerizable unsaturated bond.

In this invention, it is preferable that a liquid transparent organic substance medium does not contain the non-reactive solvent. If the liquid transparent organic medium contains a non-reactive solvent, the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel are brought into close contact with each other through the transparent organic medium, and then removed by post-treatment such as heating pressurization, reduced pressure degassing, and drying. Failure to do so will reduce the adhesion and impair long-term reliability.

In this invention, it is preferable to add the additive which has an antifoamer effect to a liquid transparent organic substance medium. Moreover, you may add surfactant which controls the wettability with the liquid crystal panel surface or the protective panel surface. In addition, a plasticizer having a low volatility may be added. The amount of these additives is particularly limited so long as the amount of the additives is within a range that is not detrimental to the display performance, reliability, and the like of the image display panel in which the transparent organic medium is closely disposed between the liquid crystal panel and the protective panel. Is not.

In the protective panel and the transparent organic medium of the present invention, antioxidants such as phenol, phosphite, and thioethers, aliphatic alcohols, fatty acid esters, phthalic esters, etc., from the viewpoint of deterioration prevention, thermal stability, formability and processability, Release agents such as triglycerides, fluorine-based surfactants and higher fatty acid metal salts, other lubricants, plasticizers, antistatic agents, ultraviolet absorbers, flame retardants, heavy metal deactivators, alumina, silica, magnesium oxide, talc, barium titanate, barium sulfate, etc. You may use it, adding a phase filler, dye, such as Victoria Pure Blue, coloring agents, such as pigments, such as a phthalocyanine green.

These liquid transparent organic medium can be arrange | positioned closely between an image display panel and a protective panel, and can form a transparent organic medium through the process of solidifying.

[Border]

The edge material is, for example, shaped to fit the size and shape of the edge of the outer side of the display display portion, and molded to a thickness according to the distance between the display panel and the protective panel, or molded into a sheet to form a punching process on the edge. It is possible to use a strip-shaped one by cutting or the like, or to use a strip or tape-shaped one slitted to a desired width in accordance with the length of the edge. Even if the edge member involves deformation, it can be used as long as it is fixed to a desired thickness in the final product.

Desired thickness shows the thickness according to the space | gap of a protective panel and an image display panel. For example, it can use also in a rubbery or sponge-like porous body (thing which has a continuous bubble). It is because a shape is fixed when liquid transparent resin is made to permeate a porous body, and it solidifies or hardens. In the case of deformation, however, the porosity (R%) described later becomes the porosity after deformation and compression. It is anticipated to deform | transform according to the self weight of a protective panel and a case (housing), and the thickness, the porosity, and the quantity of the liquid transparent organic substance medium are determined. In some cases, in order to fix the thickness, a spacer may be provided using a material that does not involve deformation, apart from the edge material. In addition, even if it is not shape | molded in a sheet form, powdery or liquid oil-absorbing material is mix | blended in a viscous paste form or ink form with high viscosity, for example, and it installs in the edge side using methods, such as a printing method and a transfer method (coating) And dried) can also be used as the edge material.

As the material, one having a plurality of voids through which air can pass is used. This void is preferably distributed throughout. As the edge material of the present invention, the porosity of 20 to 98% is necessary to improve the water absorption of the resin. More preferably, the porosity is 40 to 95%, and particularly preferably 50 to 95%. When the porosity is less than 20%, the water absorption capacity of the resin is lowered, and when the porosity is more than 98%, the edge member is easily broken, which is not suitable for practical use.

By enclosing the outer circumference by having a large number of voids as the edge material, it is not necessary to reduce the pressure by the capillary phenomenon, and it is possible to move the liquid to the outer circumference quickly, whereby bubbles of the transparent resin layer are curled. The entry can be moved to the outer periphery for a short time and removed from the visual recognition.

However, the porosity refers to the proportion of the part of the air in a portion other than the material of the edge material (resin, fiber, etc.), that is, in a normal dry state, of the outer volume occupied by the edge material. When a space means the microstructure (hole) which comprises a porous body, a pore distribution measuring apparatus can be used as an apparatus which measures this. Large hole is divided into apparatus to measure pore diameter, and there are two kinds of mercury intrusion type porosimeter and gas adsorption measuring apparatus, and mercury intrusion type porosimeter dips sample into mercury and applies pressure from the circumference It is measured by using the property that mercury intrudes from. On the other hand, in the gas adsorption measurement, when a sample in a vacuum container is cooled with liquid nitrogen for each container and an existing amount of nitrogen gas is injected, nitrogen gas causes physical adsorption on the surface of the sample to form a molecular layer, and then sequentially from small pores. The pore distribution is measured using the property of agglomeration. (Maruzen Chemical Seminar 16, Science of Adsorption, Public Sector 157 Adsorption) When the pore means the gap, for example, when the fibers are bundled. In the case of the voids occurring in, the porosity is the ratio of the remaining volume obtained by subtracting the volume of the fiber (determined from its weight and density) from the outer volume of the fiber bundle. As a method of tying a fiber, you may bundle it with a filamentous thing, a strip | belt-shaped thing, etc., the fiber was partially fused together, and the form of a woven fabric and a nonwoven fabric may be sufficient as it.

As an example of an edge material, to have the ability to absorb a liquid transparent resin, for example, "development of an oil-absorbing material" (May 1991 publication "development and application of an oil-absorbing material" distribution board, CMC Co., Ltd.) The member containing oil-absorbing materials, such as the clay, amorphous silica, capok fiber, a gelling agent, and an oil adsorbent, as described can be used. Speaking in shape, for example, a porous sheet of continuous foam, a nonwoven sheet, a woven fabric, or the like can be mentioned.

Examples of the material of the porous sheet of continuous foam include polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane, polypropylene, polyethylene, and the like.

As a fiber used for a nonwoven sheet or a woven fabric, there exist a cellulose fiber and a synthetic fiber. Examples of the cellulosic fibers include cotton, pulp, rayon, cupra, lyocell, capok, and the like, and pulp is particularly preferable in terms of absorption performance and price. Examples of the pulp include kraft pulp (KP) obtained from pulp chips such as broadleaf trees and conifers. Moreover, as synthetic fiber, what consists of high molecular compounds, such as polyolefins, such as polyethylene and a polypropylene, polyesters, such as a polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, and polyvinyl chloride, is mentioned. In view of safety, processability, price, and the like, olefin fiber and polyester fiber are preferred.

The method of attaching the edge member to the image display panel or the protective panel can be carried out on at least one of them by arranging them on their own surface or by fixing them with an adhesive or an adhesive. Since peeling at the interface can be prevented, it is preferable to use a composition having a composition similar to that of the transparent organic medium as the adhesive. Even if the material used as the frame member is not molded into a sheet, the powdery or liquid oil-absorbing material is blended into, for example, a highly viscous paste or ink, and the outer peripheral portion is formed by a printing method or a transfer method. It can also arrange | position as an edge material by apply | coating to. The edge material can be provided on the surface which should face these panels of both an image display panel and a protective panel. When the edge member is provided on the image display panel, it is preferable to install it on a transparent substrate, but when the case is already assembled, it may be installed on the case, and the installation position at that time is near the periphery of the image viewer. Is preferred.

The shape of the edge member may be molded or punched into a sheet-like one to conform to the shape of the outer periphery of the image display panel, or may be cut and disposed into a plurality of pieces as necessary. It is preferable to make the thickness of an edge material the same as the thickness of a transparent organic medium. In the case of using a cushioning material, however, the material may be sandwiched in a panel and pressed to form a thickness. The width of the edge member is preferably 2 mm to 50 mm, and can be arbitrarily selected by the amount of resin and the installation space.

<Manufacturing method of image display device>

An example of the manufacturing method of the image display apparatus of this invention is shown typically in FIG. In the manufacture of the image display device of the present invention, the liquid transparent organic medium 211a is filled in a space surrounded by the liquid crystal panel 206 or the protective panel 207 and the edge member 210.

Hereinafter, the volume of the liquid transparent organic medium used is L, the volume of the space 208 enclosed by the liquid crystal panel 206, the protective panel 207, and the edge member 210 is V ₁ , the manufacturing of the image display apparatus. The void volume of the edge member 210 used in the drawing is set to V ₂ . V ₂ is, can be determined by the volume (V _f) to the product of the porosity (% R) (V _f × R / 100) of the border material (210) for use in the manufacture.

It is preferable that said L becomes more than V <_1> . L may be a volume corresponding to at least the range covering the transparent viewing window, but if it is smaller, it cannot be said that there is no possibility of rolling up the bubbles, and therefore it is more preferably V ₁ × 1.1 or more. If there is a precise dispensing device, it may be V _{1 in} principle. Further, not less than V _1, also, higher than the (V ₁ + V _2), is a liquid filling material exude from the rim material. By hardening this extruded resin, the permeation of the exuded resin is further enclosed by sealing the periphery thereof with a sealable and adhesive curable resin, a thermoplastic resin, a photocurable resin, and an adhesive tape. can be prevented but, preferably, by the L or less (V ₁ + V _2), it is preferred to not come out permeated liquid from the rim of the filler material. In addition, when using the sheet-like transparent organic substance media mentioned later, the volume L of a liquid transparent organic substance medium is a sheet-like transparent organic substance which enters in the space enclosed by the liquid crystal panel 6, the protective panel 7, and the edge 10. It is preferable to make the volume of a medium more deductible.

As a manufacturing operation, the edge material 210 is provided in the protection panel 207, and the liquid filler 211a is inject | poured into the part corresponded to the space enclosed by the protection panel 207 and the edge material 210. FIG. This injection is preferably performed at the center of the protective panel 207 constituting a part of the space 208. After injecting the liquid filler 211a, before it is completely extended (preferably at a stage in which the liquid filler 211a is not so extended after injection, the liquid is not extended). The panel 206 is placed so as to be in a predetermined arrangement with respect to the protective panel 207 or the edge member 210 from the liquid filler 211a. The liquid crystal panel 206 is placed at a predetermined position by pressing or by weight. The liquid transparent organic medium is condensed while being pressed as a result, soaked deeply while extruded air in the voids to the rim, and after the liquid crystal panel is disposed at a predetermined position, solidification by cooling, or heating or light irradiation Curing by is performed. At this point, the transparent organic medium is in close contact with the liquid crystal panel 206 and the protective panel 207. As a method of injecting a liquid transparent organic medium, for example, a method of dropping a predetermined amount from a discharge port to a protective panel or a liquid crystal panel using an automatic or manual dispenser.

Moreover, in this invention, it is also possible to use a sheet-like transparent organic substance medium together. As a sheet-like transparent organic medium, what solidified the liquid transparent organic medium can be used.

In the present invention, as a method for producing a sheet-like transparent organic medium, a method for producing a sheet by melting processing or melt casting method of a polymer synthesized by thermal polymerization such as bulk polymerization, suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization and solution polymerization, The conventionally well-known manufacturing method, such as the method of manufacturing into a sheet form by thermal polymerization, photopolymerization, etc. directly in the form of a block or a solution, can be applied.

In particular, in the case of using the method of producing a sheet in the form of a sheet by thermal polymerization or photopolymerization in the form of a mass or a solution, the weight average molecular weight of the (co) polymer (measured using a calibration curve of standard polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography) The same), hereinafter), may be 10 to 60% by weight as an appropriate range as 100,000 to 700,000 and the blending amount. When there is a copolymer originally included, it is also a weight average molecular weight including it.

As a method for synthesizing the (co) polymer, conventional polymerization methods such as solution polymerization, suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization and bulk polymerization can be used, but solution polymerization or block polymerization is preferable.

The composition of the raw material of the liquid transparent organic medium and the sheet-like transparent organic medium may be the same or different. However, when the composition is different, the liquid transparent organic medium has a sheet-like transparent organic medium when the liquid transparent organic medium is finally solidified. If it is different from that, reflection occurs at the interface. In this case, the difference in refractive index is preferably 0.2 or less.

It is preferable to affix a sheet-like transparent organic substance medium on the protective panel side or the image display panel previously. The pasting to the protective panel or liquid crystal panel of a sheet-like transparent organic substance medium can be pasted without leaving a bubble by the conventionally well-known method using a roll laminator, a sheet bonding machine, etc.

When using together a sheet-like transparent organic medium, the ratio with the volume of a liquid transparent organic medium is not specifically limited. The thickness of the sheet-like transparent organic medium is not limited so long as it does not exceed the thickness of the edge material. However, when the thickness is thick, the space where the liquid transparent organic medium is infiltrated is eliminated, making it difficult to dislodge bubbles.

It is preferable to make the area of the sheet-like transparent organic medium larger than that of the image viewing surface, since the boundary between the sheet-like filler and the liquid filler does not appear on the viewing surface. The sheet-like filler is preferably affixed to either or both of the protective panel and the image display panel before the liquid transparent organic medium is developed, but after the transparent organic medium is applied to one or both panels, You may install it. That is, a liquid transparent organic medium may be interposed in the interface in order to avoid bubbles from entering the interface between the panels to be finally joined.

4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the image display device of the present invention when a sheet-like transparent organic medium is used. As a practical size, the diagonal length is 2 inches (about 50 mm) to 42 inches (about 1050 mm). An edge member 210 is provided between the liquid crystal panel 206 and the protective panel 207, and the transparent organic medium 211a 'of the liquid transparent organic medium and sheet-like in a space partitioned by the liquid crystal panel 206 and the protective panel 207 are formed. The transparent organic medium which consists of the transparent organic medium 211b is filled, and this transparent organic medium is closely attached to the liquid crystal panel 206 and the protective panel 207. The sheet-like transparent organic medium 211b is previously in close contact with the liquid crystal panel 206 and has a size smaller than the volume of the space partitioned by the liquid crystal panel 206, the protective panel 207, and the edge member 210. . The thickness of the sheet-like transparent organic medium 211b is smaller than the gap (thickness direction) between the liquid crystal panel 206 and the protective panel 207, and the size of the plane is smaller than the range surrounded by the edge member 210. It is preferable. This also applies to the case where the sheet-like transparent organic medium 211b is provided in advance in the protective panel 207. Similarly, when the sheet-like transparent organic medium 211b is provided on both the liquid crystal panel 206 and the protective panel 207, the total thickness of the sheet-like transparent organic medium is the liquid crystal panel 206 and the protective panel 207. It is preferable that it is smaller than the space | interval (thickness direction) in between, and the magnitude | size of each plane is smaller than the range enclosed by the edge material 210. FIG. The preferable thickness may be 90% or less of the gap between the liquid crystal panel 206 and the protective panel 207. The size of a preferable plane should just be below the size which added the edge material to the visual recognition part of a protection panel. In addition, manufacture in this case is the same as that of the said FIG. In the case of using a sheet-like transparent organic medium, the thickness and size thereof are the same as in the case of this liquid crystal display device. What is necessary is to replace a liquid crystal panel with an image display panel, and to read it.

In the manufacturing method of the image display apparatus of this invention, after inject | pouring a liquid transparent organic substance medium into one of the image display panels or protective panels which provided the edge material as mentioned above, an image display panel or a protective panel of The other side is placed on it. In the present invention, the liquid transparent organic medium has a viscosity of 10,000 mPa · s or less (E type viscometer (for example, in view of ease of suppressing bubble mixing when the panel for image display and the protective panel are overlapped in close contact with each other). It is preferable that it is the viscosity in the temperature of 25 degreeC measured by Tokyo-based TV-33), and is the same below, but it does not pressurize especially, and it is liquid by the weight of an image display panel or a protection panel. In order to develop a transparent organic medium, 500-5,000 mPa * s of the viscosity of a liquid transparent organic medium is preferable. However, after the liquid transparent organic medium is filled in one of the image display panel or the protective panel provided with the frame member, the other side of the image display panel or the protective panel is placed thereon or simultaneously thereafter, The panel may be pressed. In this case, the viscosity of the liquid transparent organic substance medium which should be developed for that reason can be made larger than the above, Preferably it is 3,000-10,000 mPa * s. When the liquid transparent organic medium is developed by the self-weight or pressure of the image display panel or the protective panel, if the liquid is sufficiently developed and the filler penetrates the edge member, the solidification (or curing) may be partially performed, You may make it solidify (or harden) after development of the transparent organic substance medium of this is complete | finished.

Moreover, when using a sheet-like transparent organic medium together, viscosity is 1-500 mPa * s for the ease of development.

The frame member can be provided on a surface of the other image display panel or the protection panel that faces the image display panel or the protection panel. At this time, the edge material provided in the other image display panel or the protection panel may be arrange | positioned so that it may match the size of the edge material provided in the one image display panel or the protection panel, and the edge material may be in and around each other, or the edge material may mutually be mutually. Half may fit inside and half outside, and the method of fitting is arbitrary.

5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the image display device in the present invention. A liquid crystal panel 206 is provided in the case 212, and an edge member 210 is fixed to the case 212, and an image display panel and an edge including the liquid crystal panel 206 and the case 212. The transparent organic medium 211 is filled in the space surrounded by the ash 210 and the protection panel 207. That is, the edge material should just be fixed so that the liquid transparent organic substance medium filled between a protective panel and an image display panel may contact.

In the present invention, when the image display panel and the protection panel are bonded through a transparent organic medium, the liquid transparent organic medium is developed as described above, so that air can be exhausted from the edge member, so that the transparent viewing part It is easy to remove the air from the air (clear bubbles). In addition, since the edge member has many voids, the liquid transparent organic substance medium can be rapidly developed. In addition, when the edge member is oil-absorbing, air can be discharged more simply (without applying excessive pressure).

In the present invention, in the above-described liquid crystal display device, after the production, a part of the edge material is taken out so that the cured transparent resin and the edge material not in close contact with each other can be easily removed without curing. The part sandwiched between panels can be dissolved and removed with a soluble solvent, for example, as long as the frame member has solubility. When the photocurable resin composition is used as the transparent organic medium, when the active light is blocked by the light shielding mask, the filler impregnated in the edge portion is uncured, i.e., liquid, and therefore easy to remove.

6 is sectional drawing which shows an example of the image display apparatus in this invention. An edge member 210 is provided at the periphery of the protective panel 207, and the image display panel (for example, the liquid crystal display panel) 206 smaller than the protective panel 207 in the area is overlapped and surrounded by these. It is filled with a transparent organic medium 211 in the space. The edge material which leaked out from the image display panel 206 can be cut | disconnected and removed, and a part can be left. The edge material is not a problem even if it is removed or left as it is after removing the air bubbles, but in particular, when there is a demand for narrowing the periphery (to reduce the weight, size, aesthetics, and design by narrowing the periphery), Can be removed.

In the first aspect of the present invention described above, when a protective panel is attached via a transparent organic medium layer on a liquid crystal panel, bubbles in the transparent organic medium layer are porous by using a continuous bubble-type porous material on the edge material. Can be absorbed. By absorbing the transparent organic medium by light or heat after the bubble absorption, it is possible to prevent the bubbles once absorbed from returning to the transparent organic medium layer. In addition, the presence or absence of bubbles in the transparent organic medium layer is checked here. Since it is necessary to do this, the manufacturing method which affixes a liquid crystal panel through the transparent organic medium layer under the transparent protective panel is employ | adopted. Therefore, when bubbles exist in the transparent organic medium layer, bubbles having a small specific gravity are collected on the protective panel side even in the transparent organic medium layer, and are almost in a state where the liquid crystal panel side does not exist.

On the other hand, the edge formed of the porous material also absorbs the transparent organic substance medium. Therefore, the quantity of the transparent organic substance medium used may increase more than predetermined. Moreover, the transparent organic medium 5 which leaked out from the porous edge leaks out from the edge as shown in FIG. 7, adheres to the periphery of the liquid crystal panel, and in some cases, covers the conductive portion near the driver, thereby causing an image. It cannot be said that there is no possibility that normal operation will not be performed as a display apparatus.

Therefore, the present inventors examined various edge materials, and as a result, the side in contact with the protective panel of the edge member is a continuous bubble type porous member, and the liquid crystal panel side is a nonporous member or an independent bubble type porous member. It was found that the bubbles were absorbed into the porous member and the transparent organic medium did not leak out of the edge by the nonporous member.

In addition, even when the edge member is made of only the non-porous member or the independent bubble-type porous member, a transparent organic medium is provided by providing a gap between the edge member and providing a continuous bubble-type porous member near the gap. It was found that there were no bubbles in the layer, and that the transparent organic medium did not leak out of the rim.

Below, the 2nd aspect of this invention is demonstrated.

In addition, in the present invention, the transparent organic medium is a liquid when dropping onto a liquid crystal panel, and the protective panel is cured by external stimulation such as light, heat or humidity after the protective panel contacts the liquid crystal panel through a transparent organic medium. do. Moreover, the display part of the liquid crystal display device of this invention is square or spherical shape, and structural members, such as a protective panel and a transparent organic medium, are also square or spherical plate-shaped members.

37 is a schematic view for explaining the basic configuration of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. The protective panel 3 is affixed on the liquid crystal panel image display surface (upper surface in FIG. 37B) via the transparent organic medium 2 layer. The thickness of the transparent organic medium 2 is controlled by the rim. The edge member is composed of a continuous bubble type porous material 7 and an independent bubble type porous material or nonporous material 8. Moreover, the polarizing plate 13 is affixed on both surfaces of a liquid crystal panel.

The driver IC driver 21 for the liquid crystal panel is disposed on the rear surface of the liquid crystal panel (the lower surface in FIG. 37B) and is connected to the FPC substrate 22. The liquid crystal panel is housed in the backlight unit and the housing 23 of the liquid crystal panel. A reflective layer 24 is laid on the inner surface of the housing, and reflects the light emitted from the fluorescent tube 25 and the like, and functions as a result to use the light for image display as much as possible.

The light propagating from the fluorescent tube toward the image display surface initially passes through the diffusion plate 26, whereby the light diffuses further. Thereafter, the light penetrates the liquid crystal panel after passing through optical sheets such as the diffusion sheet 27 and the prism sheet 28. Here, the upper lid of the housing is installed so that the liquid crystal panel does not move.

On the back surface of the housing of the backlight unit and the liquid crystal panel (lower surface in FIG. 37), a control board 101 such as a power supply and a tuner is mounted. In order to protect these substrates, the housing 102 of the liquid crystal display device is coupled to the protective panel via the adhesive layer 103.

[A] Protective panel pasting process and edge material; The protective panel pasting process is described first, and the function of the edge material required for it is demonstrated.

(1) protective panel pasting process

8 and 9 show the outline of the protective panel pasting process. The edge material 1 is mounted and affixed on one side of the liquid crystal panel 4 (a). Thereafter, the transparent organic medium is poured into the container (b). Next, in FIG. 8, one side of the protection panel is covered with a jig 6 through which the protection panel is suspended, and the protection panel is covered with the organic medium (c).

In FIG. 9, the protection panel is covered with the organic medium by hanging two sides of the facing surface of the protection panel. As described above, in the case of the porous member having a continuous bubble type, bubbles in the transparent organic medium layer are absorbed, and as a result, the liquid crystal panel and the protective panel can be attached without bubbles. At that time, if the time required for the process from dropping the transparent organic medium to the protection panel is short and the viscosity of the transparent organic medium is high or the surface tension is large, leakage as shown in FIG. 7 is unlikely to occur. However, in order to shorten the process time, it is advantageous to use a transparent organic medium having a low viscosity. However, in this case, not only bubbles but also transparent organic media are absorbed by the porous member, and some leak out of the edges as shown in FIG. 7.

Thus, the above problems can be solved by studying the frame member as follows (i) to (iii).

(i) Combination of continuous bubble type porous member with independent bubble type porous member or nonporous member

As shown in FIG. 10, by making the side which contact | connects a protection panel among edge materials as the porous member 7 of a continuous bubble type, and making the liquid crystal panel side into the porous member of an independent bubble type, or the non-porous member 8, Since the bubbles existing in FIG. 10 are absorbed by the continuous bubble-type porous member, and the transparent organic medium can be blocked by the independent bubble-type porous member or the non-porous member, the transparent organic medium leaks from the edge and disappears. . In FIG. 10, although the protection panel shows the method to hang from one side, the effect by the improvement of the above-mentioned edge material is the same even if it hangs from both sides like FIG.

By the way, in FIG. 8, 9, and 10, a liquid crystal panel covers a protective panel from the bottom, On the contrary, an edge material may be stuck to a protective panel, and a protective panel may cover a liquid crystal panel from the bottom. In this case, the above effects can be obtained by making the protective panel side the porous member of the independent bubble type, the nonporous member, and the liquid crystal panel side the continuous bubble type porous member. However, since it is difficult to confirm the presence or absence of bubbles in the transparent organic medium layer if the protective panel is not at the top, the workability is improved at the top of the protective panel if possible and at the bottom of the liquid crystal panel.

(ii) Hardness optimization of continuous bubble-type porous members, independent bubble-type porous members, and non-porous members.

As shown in Fig. 11, the edge member structure as shown in the above (i) is further selected as an independent bubble-type porous member or a non-porous member and high flexibility is attached to the liquid crystal panel. Next, a transparent organic medium is poured in (a). The amount of transparent organic medium that is spilled here is slightly lower than the maximum that can be kept at the rim. Next, as shown in (b), a protection panel is affixed, tilting a liquid crystal panel very little ((theta)).

At this time, the end side to be affixed last is inclined upward. Since the liquid crystal panel is inclined, bubbles having a smaller specific gravity as compared with the transparent organic medium collect in the vicinity of the end portion of the protective panel surface. In this state, when the load is applied from the protective panel side, the independent bubble type porous member or nonporous member is reduced, so that the distance between the liquid crystal panel of the edge and the protective panel is shortened. At the same time, bubbles escape from the transparent organic medium layer through the continuous bubble-type porous member (c). (D) By solidifying the transparent organic medium in the step of ending the bubble, the transparent organic medium can be suppressed from leaking through the porous member.

As the method of attaching the protective panel while pressing the bubbles as in (i) presses a small bubble, in some cases, as a large bubble at the end of the abutment surface as compared to (i) in which a large number of small bubbles remain in the vicinity of the end portion. Since it is gathered, a bubble is hard to remain in a transparent organic medium layer, and it is more advantageous when affixing without bubble (i).

The flexibility of free-form porous members or non-porous members is suitable because the smaller the rubber hardness, the smaller the force is. Specifically, in the type A of the durometer, the rubber hardness is preferably 30 or less.

However, if the transparent organic medium layer is too thin, the protective panel is placed, and in the state before applying the load, the ratio of bubbles is increased between the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel compared to the transparent organic medium, although the porous member having an independent bubble type, or Even if the absence of nonporous material is reduced, the likelihood of bubbles remaining is increased. Therefore, 0.1 mm or more is required for the thickness of a transparent organic medium layer.

On the other hand, if the transparent organic medium layer is too thick, specifically, when the thickness exceeds 10mm, the impact resistance of the protective panel appeared to decrease. In this case, however, it was found that the liquid crystal panel was not damaged and only the protection panel was broken. In most cases, when a transparent organic medium layer was 10 mm or less, both a protection panel and a liquid crystal panel split. If the transparent organic medium becomes thick for this reason, it is considered that the shock received from the front plate is not transmitted to the liquid crystal panel. In other words, when the transparent organic medium layer exceeds 10 mm, the impact is not transmitted to the liquid crystal panel, that is, the front plate is almost received, and as a result, the impact resistance of the front plate is considered to have decreased.

Damage to both of the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel at the same time is high in impact resistance since the shock is received by both the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel. In other words, when only the protection panel is damaged without damaging the liquid crystal panel, impact resistance is low. Therefore, in order to improve impact resistance, it is preferable to select the thickness which damages both a protection panel and a liquid crystal panel simultaneously. As mentioned above, although the thickness of a transparent organic medium layer has some fluctuations in an appropriate range according to the kind of organic medium, it turns out that 0.1-10 mm is generally suitable.

(iii) Interstitial introduction into the rim

As shown in FIG. 12, the edge 8 is formed in four sides of a liquid crystal panel by the porous member of an independent bubble type, or a nonporous member. The edge of one side is left discontinuous, that is, the gap (defective part of the edge material) is opened. (a) is provided in one place, and (b) is provided in two edges at the edge of a side, ie, each part of a liquid crystal panel. On the outer side of the edge | surrounding part, the continuous bubble type porous member 7 is affixed so that the space | interval of an edge may be prevented. Next, the transparent organic medium is poured out. Thereafter, one side of the protection panel is suspended, and the protection panel is put on the organic medium. The bubbles in the transparent organic medium layer are then absorbed into the porous member 7 of continuous bubble type through the gap between the edges. Some transparent organic medium is also absorbed by the porous member 7.

Thereafter, the transparent organic medium is solidified. Finally, the continuous bubble-type porous member is removed, and the protective panel affixation to a liquid crystal panel is completed. In this case, as shown in the figure on the right, the porous member of the continuous bubble type finally disappears. In the case where the transparent organic medium is a photocuring resin, light does not reach the transparent organic medium absorbed at the edges and as a result, it is not photocured. Since uncured photocurable resin may give off an odor, when it is not fully photocured, it may give off odor from a liquid crystal panel. However, since the continuous bubble type porous member which absorbed the uncured photocurable resin is removed, there is an effect that no odor is emitted as a liquid crystal panel.

In FIG.12 (b), the space | interval of an edge is two places of both ends of one side. In this case, although small bubbles may remain near the center of this one side, as shown in FIG. 13, it is possible to remove even a quite small bubble by providing a large number of poles over one or both sides. do.

In (a), the continuous bubble type porous member 7 is in contact with one side of the frame. The frame contacted by the continuous porous member 7 is nonporous or independent bubble-shaped porous having a rectangular cross section. Bubbles are absorbed into the porous member 7 of continuous bubble form from the gap between these rectangles. In (b), a non-porous or independent bubble type porous edge is made of a semicircular polymer, and bubbles are absorbed into the continuous bubble type porous member from the gap between these semicircles. In (c), the porous edge is made of a polymer of a circle, and the bubble is absorbed into the porous member of the continuous bubble type from the gap between these circles. In (d), the porous edge of the nonporous or independent bubble type is made of a triangular polymer, and the bubble is absorbed into the continuous bubble type porous member from the gap between these triangles. Compared with (a), (b) to (d) are less likely to leave bubbles. It is thought that this is because the shape of the edge becomes sharp toward the inner side (the side in contact with the transparent organic medium) or the rounding makes it difficult to adhere to the edge.

In the form of FIG. 12, as shown in FIG. 8, a protection panel is affixed by the process of covering a protection panel on a transparent organic medium, hanging one side of a protection panel, In the form of FIG. 14, as shown in FIG. Although the protective panel is affixed by a process of covering the protective panel on a transparent organic medium while suspending two sides of the facing surface of the protective panel, the principle of removing bubbles is the same.

Similarly, in the aspect of FIG. 13, a protection panel is affixed by the process of covering a protection panel on a transparent organic medium, hanging one side of a protection panel as shown in FIG. 8, and in the aspect of FIG. 15, it shows in FIG. As described above, the protective panel is attached by a process of covering the protective panel on the transparent organic medium while suspending two sides of the facing surface of the protective panel.

14, (a) shows two places, and (b) shows four spaces (a missing part of the border) at the edges of the sides, that is, the respective portions of the liquid crystal panel.

However, even if the above studies are conducted, in the case of using the liquid transparent organic medium in the protective panel pasting step, the possibility of adhesion of the liquid to the panel is not zero at all. An issue with image display due to the attachment of a transparent organic medium is an IC driver with contacts that transmit and receive electrical signals. The transparent organic medium adheres to and is insulated over the contacts in the IC driver so that electric signals are not transmitted and image display is not performed. Therefore, it is preferable to install an IC driver on the side of the side where the continuous bubble type porous edge material which is likely to seep through the transparent organic substance medium, or the side other than one side where one or more interstices are provided.

(2) border material

As shown in Fig. 16, the liquid crystal frame is between the liquid crystal panel 4 and the protective panel 3, and the height of the frame defines the thickness of the transparent organic medium layer 2, and at the same time the transparent organic medium is outside the edge. We keep leaking. Therefore, it is preferable to make the thickness of the edge material substantially equal to the thickness of the transparent organic medium. In the case of using a cushioning material, however, the material may be sandwiched between the panel and the protective panel and pressed to form a thickness.

The edge member is selected from three types of continuous bubble type porous members, independent bubble type porous members, and non-porous members. These will be described respectively. In addition, the height 9 of the edge and the width 10 of the edge in the description are as shown in FIG.

(i) continuous bubble-type porous member

This is a series of bubbles or voids connected in series and has the ability to absorb liquids. Specifically, the mud and the kapoxen are, for example, a sponge-like resin sheet, a nonwoven sheet, a nonwoven fabric or a woven fabric.

Examples of the material of the resin sheet include polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane, polypropylene, polyethylene, and the like. As a fiber used for a nonwoven sheet or a woven fabric, there exist a cellulose fiber and a synthetic fiber. Examples of the cellulosic fibers include cotton, pulp, rayon, cupper, lyocell, kapok, and the like, and pulp is particularly preferable in terms of liquid absorption performance and price. Examples of the pulp include kraft pulp (KP) obtained from pulp chips such as broadleaf trees and conifers. Moreover, as synthetic fiber, what consists of high molecular compounds, such as polyolefins, such as polyethylene and a polypropylene, polyesters, such as a polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, and polyvinyl chloride, is mentioned. In view of safety, processability, price, and the like, olefin fiber and polyester fiber are preferred.

The shape of the edge member may be molded or punched into a sheet-like one to conform to the shape of the outer periphery of the panel for image display, or may be cut and disposed into a plurality of pieces as necessary. The width of the edge member is preferably 2 mm to 50 mm, and can be arbitrarily selected by the amount of resin and the installation space.

Moreover, it can also shape | mold by pressurizing microparticles | fine-particles, such as a silica and an alumina. When the adsorption property of microparticles | fine-particles is low and cannot be shape | molded or it will fall soon, it pressurizes after adding a some binder. Examples of the binder at this time include resins of organic substances such as acrylic resins and polycarbonate resins.

(ii) free cell type porous member

This refers to a porous member whose surface and internal bubbles or voids are not continuously connected. The liquid is absorbed somewhat on the surface and in the vicinity, but when there is a certain thickness, it functions as an edge that suppresses the penetration of the liquid. As a material suitable for this, foam materials, such as urethane formed by foaming, polyethylene materials, etc. are mentioned. The width of the edge member is preferably 2 mm to 50 mm, and can be arbitrarily selected by the amount of resin and the installation space.

(iii) nonporous members

This means that there is no bubble or void inside. It also includes absorbing and swelling the liquid somewhat at and near the surface. In the part of the nonporous member of the edge, the transparent organic medium does not leak out of the edge. Examples of suitable materials include organic resins such as acrylic resins, styrene / acrylic resins, polycarbonate resins, polyethylene terephthalate resins, epoxy resins, phenol resins, urethane resins, epoxy / urethane resins, epoxy / phenol resins, and polyimide resins. Solid materials, such as metal materials, such as glass, iron, and stainless steel, are mentioned.

Moreover, the organic / inorganic composite material which added the particle | grains, such as a silica and alumina, whose height and diameter are substantially equal in a transparent organic medium, such as an acrylic resin, is also mentioned. When forming this edge, a mixture of a transparent organic medium and particles is applied to the liquid crystal panel. Then, when spreading the mixture coated with a squeegee or a spatula, the height of the mixture becomes approximately equal to the diameter of the added particles as shown in FIG.

Thereafter, the transparent organic medium can be cured to form an edge having a desired height on the liquid crystal panel. In this figure, the mixed particles are described as the height control particles 11 of the edges. The width of the edge member is preferably 2 mm to 50 mm, and can be arbitrarily selected by the amount of the transparent organic medium and the installation space.

[B] Structure of Image Display Apparatus of the Present Invention

The structure of the image display apparatus of this invention is demonstrated below.

(1) outermost surface protection panel

In the case of PC monitors and liquid crystal TVs currently commercially available, there is generally a structure without the transparent organic medium layer and protective panel shown in FIG. Referring to FIG. 18A, the polarizing plate 13, the liquid crystal panel 4, and the polarizing plate 13 overlap with the backlight unit 12. The combination of these is called a liquid crystal module. Although not shown, the liquid crystal panel is formed of a liquid crystal layer and a color filter layer disposed between a pair of transparent glass substrates, an electrode structure for applying an electric field to the liquid crystal layer, and various insulating films. A liquid crystal panel having such a configuration, a polarizing plate for changing optical characteristics, and a back light unit 12 as a light source are combined to mount a driver IC driver to form a liquid crystal module. In this case, since there is no protective panel as in the present invention, impact resistance is low.

Thus, in the present invention, the impact resistance is improved by providing the protective panel 3 as shown in Fig. 18A. Or the reflection of the back surface side of a protective panel is suppressed by filling the transparent organic medium 2 between the poles of a protective panel and a polarizing plate.

Moreover, although the polarizing plate between a liquid crystal panel and a transparent organic medium layer becomes a shape stuck to a liquid crystal panel at the time of manufacture, it is necessary to align the polarization axis precisely in this case. Moreover, once you apply it, you cannot fix it again. However, when affixing a protection panel with approximate precision as shown in FIG. 18B, when attaching a protection panel, there exists an advantage that a polarization axis can be realigned at the time of fixing a protection panel, and the precision can be improved. This can be done because even if the mounting position of the protection panel itself is slightly shifted, it does not become a problem on the image display.

The liquid crystal module 14 is mounted as shown in Fig. 19, and the power supply unit 15, the control system 16, the front outer edge 17, and the rear outer edge 18 are mounted. By this, a liquid crystal display device is manufactured. FIG. 19A is an example of the magnitude | size of the planar area of a protective panel the same as that of a liquid crystal panel, and (b) is an example where the protective panel mentioned later is larger than a liquid crystal panel. Moreover, although (b) shows the case where there is no outer edge of a front surface, even if there is no functional problem in particular. In addition, the liquid crystal modules shown in FIG. 20, 21, 27-30 mentioned later all have the same structure as the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG.

(2) forming an anti-reflection film on the protective panel

The difference between the refractive index of the protective panel and the refractive index of the air causes reflection. Therefore, by forming the anti-reflection film or the antiglare film 19 on the protective panel, the reflection is suppressed and the visibility is improved. The liquid crystal display device having the structure shown in Fig. 20A is shown.

The antireflection film or antiglare film can expect the following effects on a protective panel by affixing the film in which these films were formed to a protective panel. In the case where the protective panel is glass or a transparent resin of high hardness, even if a thick material is used, the surface may be damaged by the large impact of an object such as SUS and glass of high hardness, and the fragments may scatter. However, by providing a film-like antireflection film or an antiglare film, even if debris is generated, the scattering can be prevented by the antireflection film affixed thereon or the film provided with the antiglare film.

FIG. 20B is a case where the polarizing plate 13 is attached to the protective panel 3, and this effect is the same as that of FIG. 18B of above-mentioned (1).

(3) keep the liquid crystal module in the frame

In the case of a PC monitor or liquid crystal TV currently commercially available, the backlight unit, the polarizing plate, the liquid crystal panel, and the polarizing plate of FIG. 21A are collectively held in the frame 20 to form a liquid crystal module. The control system 16, the power supply 15, the outer edge 18, etc. shown in FIG. 19 are attached to this, and it functions as an image display apparatus. Therefore, the merit that the transparent organic medium layer and the protective panel can be mounted after the liquid crystal module is manufactured as long as it has the structure as shown in FIG. 21A can be produced without changing the manufacturing process of the conventional liquid crystal module. have.

FIG. 21 (b) shows the case where the polarizing plate 13 is attached to the protective panel 3, and this effect is the same as that of FIG. 18 (b) of the above-mentioned (1). By the way, the polarizing plate, the liquid crystal panel, and the backlight unit are shown in detail in FIGS. 22 and 17. Here, FIG.22 (a) is a top view which looked at the liquid crystal module from the image display surface side in the state except the protective panel and the transparent organic medium layer. 23 (a) is a plan view in which the upper lid of the housing is provided in FIG. 22 (a). (B) is sectional drawing of the liquid crystal module cut | disconnected by the dotted line part of FIG. 22 (a), and FIG. 23 (b) is sectional drawing which installed the upper lid of the housing in FIG. In addition, description of the internal structure of the liquid crystal panel 4 is abbreviate | omitted here.

The driver IC driver 21 is disposed on either side of one side of the liquid crystal panel closest to the ground and two sides perpendicular to the one side when the liquid crystal panel 4 is leaned up (in Fig. 22 (a)). The right side and the bottom side of the liquid crystal panel), and are connected to the FPC board 22. The backlight unit and the liquid crystal panel are housed in the housing 23 of the backlight unit and the liquid crystal panel. A reflective layer 24 is laid on the inner surface of the housing to reflect light emitted from the fluorescent tube 25 and the like, and as a result, it is used to use light for image display. The light propagating from the fluorescent tube toward the image display surface initially passes through the diffusion plate 26 so that the light is further diffused. Thereafter, the light enters the liquid crystal panel after passing through the optical sheets such as the diffusion sheet 27 and the prism sheet 28. In FIG. 23, the upper lid 29 of the housing is provided so that the liquid crystal panel does not move.

Here, this driving IC driver functions as a drain. When the backlight is turned on for a long time, the liquid crystal panel is also heated by the heat generated at that time. Since the upper part of a liquid crystal panel especially has a big degree of heating, temperature also rises. At this time, if the driver IC driver is coupled to the upper portion, it is heated strongly, resulting in increased damage of elements due to heat, resulting in a decrease in durability of the panel. Moreover, even if there is no damage of elements, when heat is transmitted to a liquid crystal panel and it becomes more than the operating temperature as a liquid crystal, there exists a possibility that the image may become blurred. Therefore, the driver IC driver is ideally disposed on one side (lower side) of the liquid crystal panel closest to the ground when the liquid crystal panel is leaning against the side opposite to the side from which the heat from the backlight rises. However, when the driver IC driver is disposed below, when a conventional liquid crystal display without a protective panel is washed off with a mop or the like, an image display part is interposed, that is, a polarizing plate is transmitted, and water droplets are transferred to the driver IC driver. There is the possibility of entering short. Therefore, when considering daily handling of the user, a certain waterproof effect is also required to arrange the driver IC driver in the lower part of the liquid crystal panel. By providing a protective panel here, waterproofness is exhibited, and it is possible to arrange the driver IC driver in the lower part of the liquid crystal panel, and as a result, it is possible to provide long life of the driver IC driver and the liquid crystal panel.

In FIGS. 24A and 24B, the number and configuration of the diffusion sheet 27, the prism sheet 28, and the like between the backlight and the polarizing plate 13 and the liquid crystal panel 4 are different from those in FIG. 23. Indicated that. In designing the display device, a suitable type is selected among these structures or in accordance with the performance of the diffusion plate, the diffusion property of the backlight, and the like.

In addition, although the fluorescent tube is used for the backlight in FIGS. 22-24, the structure using the light emitting diode 30 (or it may be described as LED) was shown in FIG. Or the structure of a light emitting diode is shown in FIG. The light emitting diode has a reflecting surface 32 around the light emitting portion 31. In designing the display device, either a fluorescent tube, a light emitting diode, or a concomitant configuration is appropriately selected.

22 to 25 relate to a structure in which the backlight light source is directly under the liquid crystal panel. However, as shown in FIG. 38, the backlight light source 104 may be directly under the end of the liquid crystal panel, and the structure in which light is irradiated to the whole liquid crystal panel by optical members, such as the light guide plate 105 and a diffusion plate, may be sufficient.

(4) keep the frame from the backlight unit to the protection panel

In the case of a PC monitor or liquid crystal TV currently on the market, a control system, a power supply, and an outside are provided in a liquid crystal module (the backlight unit, the polarizing plate, the liquid crystal panel, and the polarizing plate of FIG. 21A are collectively held in a frame). A frame or the like is mounted to function as an image display device. As shown in FIG. 27A, there is a merit that a PC monitor or a liquid crystal TV can be manufactured without changing the manufacturing process of a conventional liquid crystal display device by keeping the organic medium layer and the protective panel transparent to the frame.

FIG. 27B is a case where the polarizing plate is attached to the protective panel, and this effect is the same as that of FIG. 18B of above-mentioned (1).

(5) Secure the panel with the protection panel

In FIG. 27, the protection panel 3 is held by the frame 20. For example, in the case of a 32-inch liquid crystal TV, when 2 mm thick glass is used as the protective panel, the protective panel alone may be about 1.5 kg at minimum and about 2.2 kg when 3 mm thick glass is used. Therefore, in order to hold a protective panel, it is necessary to use a thicker member than before. This also leads to an increase in the weight of the liquid crystal TV, which is not preferable.

Therefore, as shown in Fig. 28A, by fixing the protective panel and the frame, other members can be held together with the protective panel as well as the frame, so that the frame does not need to be thick. That is, there is a merit that the amount of use of the member and the cost thereof can be reduced, and the processing is easy because the member becomes thinner. FIG. 28B is a case where the polarizing plate is attached to the protective panel, and this effect is the same as that of FIG. 18B of above-mentioned (1).

(6) keep the polarizing plate and liquid crystal panel in the transparent organic medium layer

As shown in Figs. 29A and 30A, the polarizing plate 13 and the liquid crystal panel 4 are held by the transparent organic medium layer 2, and they are held in the protective panel, thereby providing a frame. The holding member becomes only a backlight. Therefore, since the frame 20 can be made thinner than said (5), the use amount of a member and the cost can be reduced further, and since a member becomes thinner, there is a merit that processing is easy.

FIG. 29 (b) and FIG. 30 (b) show the case where the polarizing plate is attached to the protective panel, and this effect is the same as that of FIG. 18 (b) of the above-mentioned (1).

[C] construction units, members, etc.

(1) backlight unit

The backlight unit is composed of a light source and an optical sheet. As a light source, a cold cathode tube, LED, etc. are mentioned. As an optical sheet, a light guide plate, a diffusion sheet, a prism sheet, a reflective polarizing sheet, etc. are mentioned.

(2) Polarizer

The polarizing plate is a plate having a function of transmitting only light in a specific vibration direction, and there is no particular limitation in the present invention, and one used in an ordinary liquid crystal display device is used. Two sheets are used for one display device, and one sheet is provided between the backlight unit and the liquid crystal layer. The remaining one differs from the installation site as described above, but its function can be accomplished.

(3) liquid crystal panel

It is common for a liquid crystal panel to hold | maintain in order of a transparent electrode, an orientation layer, a liquid crystal layer, an orientation layer, and a color filter between two glass substrates, The liquid crystal panel of this invention also presupposes this structure. Alternatively, even if some configurations are changed, the same function can be used for the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

(4) protection panel

The protective panel is preferably a transparent plate having little absorption in the visible region and having high scratch resistance and high impact resistance. When it thinks from this point, first, the glass plate of the pencil hardness of 9H or more of members, the acrylic plate of pencil hardness of 2H, the triacetyl cellulose of pencil hardness of 2H-3H, etc. are mentioned as a protective panel member.

Or although the thickness of a protective panel changes with the magnitude | size of a liquid crystal display part, 0.7 mm or more is preferable when a protective panel is glass, and 1 mm or more is preferable for resin, such as acrylic. It is because when it is thinner than this, a protective panel deforms at the time of manufacture, and the deformation affects the flatness of the display surface of a product.

The size of the protective panel may be larger than that of the transparent organic medium layer, the polarizing plate, the liquid crystal panel, and the backlight unit, as shown in FIGS. 28A and 28B.

(5) transparent organic medium

In the present invention, the transparent organic medium is a solid at room temperature as a property. As the refractive index of the transparent organic medium is closer to that of the protective panel and the polarizing plate, the reflectance can be reduced. The composition of the protective panel described later includes glass (refractive index 1.50 to 1.54), acrylic (refractive index 1.49), PET (refractive index 1.56), polycarbonate (refractive index 1.59), and the like.

Here, when the refractive index of the protective panel is n ₀ and the refractive index of the transparent organic medium after curing is n, the reflectance R at the interface between the protective panel and the transparent organic medium can be obtained from the following equation.

R = {(n ₀ -n) / (n ₀ + n)} ^{2 In the} case where there is no transparent organic medium inside these protective panels, that is, in the air layer (refractive index 1.0) state, about 3.7 to about the interface with the air layer of the protective panel. 5.2% reflection occurs. Reflection is caused by the difference in refractive index between the protective panel and the air. Therefore, if the air layer is filled with a transparent medium close to the protective panel and the refractive index instead of air, reflection can be suppressed. In direct sunlight, visibility is considerably improved when the reflectance at the interface between the protective panel and the transparent organic medium, which is about 3.7 to 5.2%, is reduced to about 0.5%. From the above formula, the transparent organic medium is filled to obtain a refractive index that reduces the reflectance on the one side to approximately 0.5%, as shown in Table 1 below.

From this table, in order to reduce the reflectance to about 0.5%, it is preferable that the difference in the refractive index of the transparent organic medium with respect to the refractive index of the protective panel should be 0.2 or less. Therefore, when the refractive index of the protective panel is n ₀ and the refractive index of the transparent organic medium is n, it is preferable to select the protective panel and the transparent organic medium so that the following inequality is established.

_{n 0 - 0.2 <n <n} 0 + 0.2

As a transparent organic substance medium, the following are mentioned, for example. As a solid, the thermosetting resin, photocuring resin, etc. which superpose | polymerize by thermosetting and photocuring a monomer or a prepolymer are mentioned. In addition, in this specification, a prepolymer mixes a polymer or an oligomer, and a monomer, and adjusts it to the viscosity which is easy to handle. Or a thermoplastic resin which has already been polymerized.

The thermosetting resin and the photocurable resin can be prevented by curing by applying the appropriate heat or light after filling the monomer or prepolymer between the gaps with the protective panel and then applying the appropriate heat or light. Examples of the monomer or prepolymer of these resins include polymerization using a double bond, dehydration and dealcoholization of various substituents, and polymerization by addition reaction.

Styrene, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, hexyl methacrylate as polymerized by double bond in monomer or prepolymer Acrylate, octyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, decyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, isobutyl Acrylate, hexyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, decyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, and the like.

A single type or a plurality of types thereof are used to form a transparent organic medium layer. Alternatively, a transparent organic medium layer can be formed by combining these with other prepolymers and monomers. Examples of the prepolymer to be used include polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyarylamine, and the like. Or a monomer such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,3-dihydroxycyclobutane, 1,4-dihydroxycyclohexane, 1,5-dihydroxycyclooctane, etc. Ethylene glycol monoglycidyl ether which has a glycidyl group, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, etc. are mentioned.

As monomers and prepolymers polymerized by dehydration reaction or addition reaction of various substituents, those having two or more hydroxyl groups or glycidyl groups and two or more amino groups at the terminal, and two or more carboxyl groups or carboxylic acids at the terminal Polymerizing what has an anhydride structure is mentioned.

As having a hydroxyl group at the terminal, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,3-dihydroxycyclobutane, 1,4-dihydroxycyclohexane, 1,5-dihydroxy cyclooctane, polyethylene glycol As a thing which has a glycidyl group at the terminal etc., ethylene glycol monoglycidyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, etc. are mentioned. Examples of the terminal having an amino group include ethylenediamine, 1,4-diaminobutane, 1,6-diaminohexane, 1,4-diaminobenzene, 2,6-diaminonaphthalene, melamine and the like. As what has a carboxyl group at the terminal, adipic acid, 1, 3- phthalic acid, 1, 4- phthalic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, trimellitic acid, a pyromellitic acid, etc. are mentioned. Examples of the terminal having a carboxylic anhydride structure include maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, pyromellitic anhydride, and the like.

As what superposes | polymerizes by a dealcoholization reaction, the compound which has an alkoxysilane group, and the compound which has an alkoxy titanium group are mentioned. Specifically, tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, tetrapropoxysilane, tetrabutoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, ethoxytrimethoxysilane, butyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, ethyl Triethoxysilane, butyl triethoxysilane, 1-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, 1-chloropropyl triethoxysilane, 1-glycidylpropyl triethoxysilane, etc. are mentioned.

By the way, by using a material having high elasticity such as polyvinyl butyral, polyhexamethacrylate, polyoctamethacrylate, polydecyl methacrylate, the transparent organic medium layer can improve the buffering effect against impact. . As a range of elasticity of a transparent organic medium layer, it measures by the type A of a durometer by the standard JIS K6225 of rubber hardness measurement, and hardness 30 is suitable from hardness 0. Or hardness 30 is more suitable from hardness 10. In the case of hardness less than 5, when the liquid crystal display device with a protective panel is left to stand at a high temperature of 50-70 degreeC for a long time, it may concern that a slight shift of a protective panel may occur. Or when hardness exceeds 30, there exists a tendency for the shock absorbing effect to shock to fall.

Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polystyrene, styrene / acrylic resin, acrylic resin, polyester resin, polypropylene, polyisobutylene, and the like. These are easily liquefied and filled by heating above Tg.

In addition, if bubbles remain after the transparent organic medium is injected at the time of attaching the protective panel, bubbles are further removed by pressurizing, pressing or heating with an apparatus such as an autoclaver, vibrating with a vibrator or the like. It is possible to.

Moreover, in order to make it easy to escape a bubble, it is suitable to improve the wettability of the part which a transparent organic medium contact | connects. The specific surface is a contact surface with the transparent organic medium of a protective panel, a polarizing plate, an antireflection film, and a liquid crystal panel. When the wettability of the surface is improved, the organic medium which is transparent than air tends to adhere, and as a result, bubbles easily come off. Specific conditions for wettability are considered to be 20 ° C. or less in terms of contact angle with water, considering water. This allows most organics to be filled with almost no bubbles. To suppress bubbles more reliably, the contact angle with water is preferably 10 ° or less.

In addition, when the edge is covered on the image display surface, it is possible to suppress the edge of the image from being seen by the edge by using a transparent member. If the border is not covered by the image display surface, it is not necessary to be transparent. In that case, in order to raise the sharpness of an image, a black frame is preferable. Alternatively, the size of the transparent organic medium layer 2 may be larger than that of the polarizing plate and the liquid crystal panel as shown in FIG. 30 (a) (b).

In order to make the thickness of the transparent organic medium layer 2 constant, there is a method using transparent particles (layer thickness controlling particles) 33 having substantially the same thickness and diameter as the target thickness, as shown in FIG. 31. During the period when the transparent organic medium is to be filled, the particles are put in advance so that they do not overlap, and then the transparent organic medium is filled. This makes it possible to control the thickness of the transparent organic medium layer to the target thickness by these particles. This particle is described as layer thickness controlling particle.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 31, layer thickness control can also be carried out by mixing and filling a layer thickness control particle 33 in a transparent organic substance medium.

In addition, since the pigment used in the color filter scatters the light of the light source, there is a problem that the scattered light becomes a light leakage when black display, thereby reducing the contrast, but a pigment that absorbs the scattered light in the transparent organic medium layer (visible By containing the compound which has absorption in an area | region, the fall of contrast can be suppressed. In addition, the liquid crystal display device has a blue color tone when black. This is because light leakage in the wavelength range of 400 to 450 nm becomes stronger than other wavelength ranges. Therefore, by containing the pigment | dye which absorbs light of 400-450 nm in a transparent organic medium layer, when the blue group at the time of black display is suppressed, a clearer black display is also possible. Moreover, not only a pigment | dye but an inorganic substance or a metal nanoparticle also has an effect which absorbs the light by a quantum size effect.

(6) antireflection film

Since the antireflection film is located at the outermost surface of the image display surface of the liquid crystal display device, it is preferable that the outermost surface has high scratch resistance. It is also necessary to suppress adhesion of dust and the like due to static electricity. Therefore, the material structure of the low center of chargeable inorganic substance member is suitable for the material rather than organic substance. Or, since it is placed in air, the member which is hard to be affected by the oxidation by oxygen or is already oxidizing is suitable. Or it is preferable to form in the film form also in the meaning which prevents scattering of fragments by the impact of a protective panel member as mentioned above.

The multilayer antireflection film is formed by combining a high refractive index zirconium oxide (around refractive index of about 2.1), a low refractive index magnesium fluoride (refractive index of about 1.38), silicon oxide (refractive index about 1.5) and the like between them Form. In this case, since the pencil hardness of an anti-reflection film is as high as about 8-9H when a protective panel is glass, it has a high scratch resistance practically, and is preferable.

In the case of a single layer anti-reflection film, it is necessary to be a film having a lower refractive index than the substrate. Such a film is preferably formed from an inorganic oxide having a high pencil hardness, and is particularly porous (with pores therein) using a silicon oxide having a relatively low refractive index or a silicon compound having a hydrolyzable moiety as a matrix. Silicon oxide films are suitable. Among them, silica sol is suitable. The silicon oxide fine particles and the silica sol are dispersed and dissolved in water or an alcohol solvent. The coating for antireflection film formation which is a mixture of these is applied to a protective panel, and then rapidly heated, whereby the solvent rapidly vaporizes to cause bubbles inside the film. In this state, the solidification is completed to form a film in which the voids are maintained in the film. Since the voids have a refractive index of nearly 1.0, the film having voids inside has a lower refractive index than the film having no voids. Therefore, it functions as an antireflection film of a single layer as described above.

In the above, the manufacturing method of the anti-reflection film was shown by containing a silica sol as one of the silicon compounds which have a hydrolyzable residue. This is a substance that changes to silicon oxide by heating. Since transparency of the silicon oxide formed is high, light transmittance is high. Examples of the tetraalkoxysilane used when producing the silica sol include tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, tetrapropoxysilane, tetraisopropoxysilane, tetraisobutoxysilane, tetrabutoxysilane and the like. Other than this, the silicon compound which has a chlorine group instead of an alkoxysilane group, for example, silicon tetrachloride, etc. are mentioned.

As a silicon compound which has a hydrolyzable moiety other than a silica sol, the compound which has an amino group, a crawl group, a mercapto group, etc. is also included besides tetraalkoxysilane. Specifically 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, 3- Chloropropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane And 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane.

Examples of the inorganic oxide fine particles include colorless or white fine particles such as silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide and cerium oxide. As size, since the flatness of a film | membrane is improved, it is preferable that the short axis of particle | grains becomes below average film thickness. Or in the above, since the low refractive index film | membrane is easy to be obtained, silicon oxide (refractive index is about 1.5-1.7) with a relatively low refractive index, aluminum oxide (refractive index is about 1.7-1.9), etc. are suitable. In particular, silicon oxide fine particles with low refractive index are more suitable.

The particle diameter of the silicon oxide fine particles is preferably 100 nm or less in average particle diameter so as not to scatter visible light (380-760 nm in wavelength) incident on the film.

(7) antiglare film

The anti-glare film is provided with fine irregularities on the surface or by containing fine particles in the film to suppress the reflection of the image of the surrounding scenery generated in the image in a bright place. The principle is that surface irregularities or light scattered by the fine particles inside the film are directed to the image, and as a result, the image is suppressed.

When using an antiglare film, it selects suitably according to the magnitude | size of the surface unevenness | corrugation to form, the uneven | corrugated number per unit area, the addition ratio of internal particle | grains, and the size of the particle | grains to add.

The antiglare film can be formed in the same manner as the antireflection film described above by using a silicon compound having silicon oxide fine particles and a hydrolyzable residue.

(8) liquid repellent layer

The film formed using the hydrolyzable silicon compound among the antireflection films is high in wettability of the surface and hard to remove adhered dirt. That is, the antifouling property is low. Therefore, the antifouling property of the surface improves by forming the layer which consists of a fluorine-containing compound which has gas-liquid property on this surface. However, it is necessary to form the film extremely thin so that the thickness of the layer which consists of a fluorine-containing compound which has liquid repellency may not reduce the antireflection effect of the formed antireflection film. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable to use a compound having a fluoropolyether chain or a fluoroalkyl chain having an alkoxysilane group capable of bonding with a hydroxyl group or the like at the terminal. The fluoropolyether chain and the fluoroalkyl chain do not have to be substituted with fluorine for all of the hydrogens of the polyether group and the alkyl group. However, all of the hydrogens are perfluoropolyether chains and perfluoroalkyl chains substituted with fluorine. The compound which has an is especially preferable. Since the film formed by these is basically a monomolecular film, the film thickness is several nm and hardly changes the antireflection performance.

(a) Chemical structure of liquid repellent

Specifically, for example, compounds (1) to (4) as shown in the following formulas are used as the liquid repellent agent to bind the antireflection film.

(X is a binding site of a fluoropolyether chain and an alkoxysilane residue. Y is a binding site of a fluoroalkyl chain and an alkoxysilane residue. R is an alkyl group. N is an integer of 1 or more.)

These compounds do not completely cover the surface of the antireflection film, and are bonded on the antireflection film in a state in which fluoropolyether chains or fluoroalkyl chains are formed like grass. Since the surface of the anti-reflection film is not completely covered, the film does not become high resistance even after this method. Therefore, it is difficult to charge and dust is hard to adhere. Furthermore, by forming these fluoropolyether chains or fluoroalkyl chains on the surface, the lubricity of the surface is also improved. Therefore, physical damage of the surface by rubbing is alleviated, and the surface with high scratch resistance can be formed.

In view of the above, in addition to the antifouling property, maintenance of low resistance on the surface and improvement of the rubbing resistance can be achieved. When forming the liquid repellent layer, a method of using a fluoropolyether compound or a fluoroalkyl compound having an alkoxysilane group at the terminal thereof. This is advantageous. The specific structural example (compounds 1-12) of a liquid repellent agent is shown below.

[Figure 9]

[10]

[Figure 11]

Among these compounds, compounds 1 to 8 are chloroformylated at the terminal with a fluoropolyether compound having a carboxyl group, or a fluoroalkyl compound with thionyl chloride or the like, and then, by forming an amide bond with a trialkoxysilane compound having an terminal at an amino group. Obtained. Compounds 9-12 have compound names of 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane, 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane, 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H- It is commercially available from Hydra Chemicals Co., Ltd. as perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane.

Or other commercially available materials include Off-Tool DSX manufactured by Daikin Industries. Alternatively, compounds 1 to 4 have a fluoro chain of perfluoropolyether, and the liquid repellent film formed of the compound having the fluorine chain does not deteriorate most of the water repellency even when immersed in cooking oil or the like for a long time (1000 hours). Is 5 ° or less), which is advantageous in terms of antifouling properties. When these compounds are represented by a general formula, it becomes as follows.

Among the compounds (1) to (4), compounds (1) to (2) are particularly preferable.

When compound 5-12 is immersed in cooking oil etc. over a long term (1000 hours), the contact angle with water will fall to the level nearly the same as the contact angle of a base material before the immersion (about 110 degrees).

(b) Method of forming liquid repellent film

The liquid repellent film formation method using the fluoro polyether compound which has an alkoxysilane group at the terminal, or a fluoroalkyl compound is as follows.

First, the fluoropolyether compound or fluoroalkyl compound which has an alkoxysilane group at the terminal is dissolved in a solvent. The concentration varies depending on the coating method, but is generally about 0.01 to 1.0% by weight. Since the alkoxysilane group is gradually hydrolyzed by the moisture in the solvent or the moisture that enters the solvent from the air, the solvent is preferably dehydrated or selected to be hard to dissolve water like a fluorine solvent. Specific examples of the fluorine-based solvent include FC-72, FC-77, PF-5060, PF-5080, HFE-7100, HFE-7200, and Bartrel XF manufactured by DuPont. In this way, a liquid (hereinafter referred to as a liquid repellent treatment agent) in which a fluoropolyether compound or a fluoroalkyl compound is dissolved is prepared.

Next, a liquid repellent treatment agent is applied to the antireflection film surface. The coating method uses a common coating method such as dip coat or spin coat. It heats after apply | coating the liquid repellent treatment agent. Heating is a condition necessary for the alkoxysilane moiety to form a bond with a hydroxyl group or the like on the surface, and is usually completed by performing at about 120 minutes for about 1 minute and at 100 degrees for about 5 minutes. It is about 20 minutes at 90 degreeC. Proceeds at room temperature but requires considerable time.

Finally, the liquid repellent treatment is completed by rinsing the surface with a fluorine-based solvent and removing excess liquid repellent. The solvent used for rinsing may use the solvent given in the description of the liquid repellent treatment agent.

Example

Although an Example demonstrates this invention further more concretely below, this invention is not limited to a following example.

Example 1

(Synthesis of Transparent Organics)

100 parts by weight of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and 80 parts by weight of toluene were placed in a reaction vessel equipped with a cooling tube, a thermometer, a stirring device, a dropping funnel, and a nitrogen injection tube, and toluene 20 was bubbled at a volume of 100 ml / min. 0.5 weight part of azobisisobutyronitrile dissolved in the weight part was added by dropwise addition. After completion of the dropwise addition, the polymerization reaction was performed at 70 ° C for 2 hours. Thereafter, toluene was removed to obtain a 2-ethylhexyl acrylate polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 200,000.

49.5 parts by weight of the obtained 2-ethylhexyl acrylate polymer, 49.5 parts by weight of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 1.0 part by weight of 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, and Ilgacure 184 (Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Inc.) 0.5 A weight part was added and stirred to make a uniform solution (viscosity 2900 mPa · s) to obtain a liquid transparent organic medium.

(Production of LCD)

On protective panel [glass plate (40mm * 50mm) of thickness 2mm], 89% of porosity (porosity), continuous bubble polyvinyl alcohol sponge (product name; Bell Clean D-1, product made by Aion Corporation) of thickness 1mm are 4mm in width, The border material cut and cut to 30 mm x 40 mm and 38 mm x 48 mm in the inner dimension is fixed horizontally so that the outer edge is 1 mm from the edge of the glass plate, and is left still horizontally. ml was injected with a manual dispenser. In the state where the transparent organic medium developed in a circular shape and a portion of the transparent organic material was in contact with the edge material, the liquid crystal display panel (35 mm x 45 mm) was superimposed thereon, so that the liquid transparent organic medium was formed on the glass plate for the liquid crystal display. It developed while pressing by the panel by its own weight, and filled it with the space formed by the glass plate, a liquid crystal panel, and an edge material. At this time, the liquid transparent organic substance medium was soaked around the entire rim of the edge material. Next, by irradiating 2J / cm <2> of ultraviolet-rays from the glass plate side using an ultraviolet irradiation device, the transparent organic substance medium which also contains the part impregnated with the edge material was hardened and solidified, and the liquid crystal display device was obtained. The total light transmittance of the transparent organic medium after solidification was 91%.

However, at this time, V ₁ = 1.2 ml, V _f = 0.62 ml, R = 89%, and V ₁ + V _f × (R / 100) = 1.76 ml, so that the charged amount L = 1.7 ml is V ₁ ≤ L It is in the range of? V ₁ + V _f × (R / 100).

In addition, similarly to the description of the technology, V ₁ is the volume of the space surrounded by the liquid crystal panel, the protective panel and the edge member, V ₂ is the void volume of the edge member, V _f is the volume of the edge member, and L is used. Volume of the liquid transparent organic medium.

In the above liquid crystal display device, ultraviolet rays are applied by applying a light shielding mask to the entire edge of the edge material, and the filler impregnated with the edge material is removed by removing the edge material from the portion protruding from the panel in the uncured state. The characteristics equivalent to those of the liquid crystal display device were shown. Even if the edge material was removed after removing the bubbles, the display characteristics of the visual part were not changed.

[Example 2]

An apparatus for liquid crystal display was obtained in accordance with Example 1 except that a continuous foamed polyurethane sponge (product name; Sopras, manufactured by Aion Corporation) having a porosity (porosity) of 83% and a thickness of 1 mm was used as the edge material.

At this time, V ₁ + V _f × (R / 100) = 1.72 ml.

[Example 3]

Except having made the resin filling amount L = 1.2 ml using 53% of porosity (porosity) and a continuous foamed polyethylene sponge (product name; Filterence sheet F-100, the product made by Filterene) for the edge material According to 1, the apparatus for liquid crystal display was obtained.

At this _{time, V 1 + V f × (} R / 100) = was 1.22ml.

Example 4

A polypropylene nonwoven fabric (product name; Sprytop SP-1100N, manufactured by Nippon Nonwovens Co., Ltd.) having a porosity (porosity) of 70% and a thickness of 1 mm was used as the edge material, except that the resin filling amount was L = 1.5 ml. The liquid crystal display device was obtained.

At this _{time, V 1 + V f × (} R / 100) = was 1.63ml.

[Example 5]

A liquid crystal display device was obtained in accordance with Example 1 except that the resin filling amount L was 1.3 ml.

Comparative Example 1

An apparatus for liquid crystal display was obtained in accordance with Example 1 except that a silicone rubber sheet (made of Tiger's Polymer) having a porosity (porosity) of 0% was used as the edge material. Compared with Example 1, the protruding of the liquid transparent organic medium to the outer peripheral part of the bonded panel was seen much. This part was uncured without photocuring by oxygen inhibition, and remained sticky in the liquid phase.

In the liquid crystal display device obtained in the Example and the comparative example, the material of an edge material, the (porosity) porosity, and the filling amount of a liquid transparent organic medium are shown in Table 2, and the bubble between a liquid crystal display panel and a transparent protective panel is shown. Table 3 shows the results of mixing of and evaluation of the curability of the exuded portion.

Evaluation method

(Bubble) Measures the number of bubbles with a maximum diagonal length of 20 µm that can be visually identified.

(Resin seeps out) Visually assessed.

Absorption: All exuded resin is contained in the frame.

Leakage: The exuded resin flows out of the frame.

(Soakable hardening part) It is judged that it is uncured when a PET film is made to contact the surface of an edge material, and resin adheres to a PET film.

[Example 6]

A liquid transparent organic medium was obtained using 0.1 part by weight of dilauroyl peroxide (manufactured by Nippon Oil Industries, Ltd.) in place of 1840.5 parts by weight of monocure in Example 1. Next, using this liquid transparent organic medium, the protective panel and the liquid crystal display panel were laminated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the liquid transparent organic medium was permeated around the entire rim as in Example 1. Then, by drying in a 70 degreeC blowing oven for 1 hour, the transparent organic substance medium of the part impregnated with the edge material was also hardened and solidified, and the apparatus for liquid crystal displays was obtained. The same result as in Example 1 was obtained. In addition, the total light transmittance of the transparent organic medium was 90%.

[Example 7]

0.1 weight part of 2,2'- azobisisobutyronitrile was added to the liquid transparent organic substance medium of Example 1, and the protective panel and the liquid crystal display panel were overlapped similarly to Example 1. Subsequently, 2J / cm <2> of ultraviolet-rays were irradiated from the glass plate side using an ultraviolet irradiation device, and it dried in 70 degreeC ventilation oven for 1 hour, hardened | cured and solidified the transparent organic medium of the part impregnated by the edge material, and liquid crystal The display apparatus was obtained. The same result as in Example 1 was obtained. In addition, the total light transmittance of the transparent organic medium was 90%.

Examples of the presence or absence of bubbles in the transparent organic medium layer due to the difference in the edge material and leakage of the transparent organic medium from the edge are shown below.

[Example 8]

(1) border material affix

Four liquid crystal panels were prepared. As shown in FIG. 32, the acrylic tape 34 of thickness 1mm and width 12mm was affixed on four sides of one liquid crystal panel among these panels as an edge material. This liquid crystal panel was referred to as panel A1. Or the acrylic tape was nonporous. This panel A1 is not a panel which concerns on this invention, but a panel for comparison (later panel A2 is also the same).

The acrylic tape was affixed on three sides of two remaining liquid crystal panels, and the continuous porous tape 35 of thickness 1mm and width 12mm was affixed on the remaining one side. These liquid crystal panels were referred to as panel B1 and panel B2. The acrylic tape 36 is affixed on three sides to the last sheet, and an acrylic tape 36 having a thickness of 0.8 mm and a width of 12 mm is affixed to the liquid crystal panel side on the remaining one side, and then the continuous porous having a thickness of 0.2 mm on the tape. The tape 37 was affixed. This liquid crystal panel was referred to as panel C. In addition, the rubber hardness of the non-porous acrylic tape used was 2 in durometer A.

(2) With protective panel

About the panel A1, B1, B2, C, the protective panel was affixed through the transparent organic medium by the method shown in FIG. For panel A1 and panel B1, the viscosity of the transparent organic medium is 5000 mPa · s, the surface tension is 35 mN / m prepolymer, and for panels B2 and C, the viscosity of the transparent organic medium is 100 mPa · s, and the surface tension is 28 mN. / m prepolymer was used. Moreover, the hardening | curing agent which makes it harden | cure with light was added to the used prepolymer. In addition, the refractive index n of the organic medium was 1.47, the refractive index n ₀ of the protective panel was 1.52, and the refractive index n of the organic medium was in the range of ± 0.2 of the refractive index n ₀ of the protective panel.

In panel B1, B2, and C, it was set as the process which mounts a protective panel in the last part of a continuous porous tape. After the protection panel was mounted, it was quickly cured.

(3) visual evaluation

Panel A1 and panel B1 after photocuring did not leak the transparent organic medium outside the edge. In panel B1, no bubbles were observed in the transparent organic medium layer. However, panel A1 confirmed a lot of bubbles in the transparent organic medium layer.

At the end of mounting the protective panel, panel B1 became a bubbleless transparent organic medium layer because bubbles were absorbed by the continuous porous tape. Panel A does not absorb bubbles because the edge is non-porous, and as a result, many bubbles are present in the transparent organic medium layer.

On the other hand, the transparent organic medium leaked outside the edge of panel B2 after photocuring. Panel C, however, did not leak transparent organic media outside the rim.

Since the edges of one side of the panel B2 were all continuous porous members, it is thought that the transparent organic medium having a low viscosity of 100 mPa · s easily penetrated into the continuous porous members and leaked.

Panel C, on the other hand, is a bubble in which a 0.8 mm thick non-porous acrylic tape affixed on the liquid crystal panel side (the lower part of the transparent organic medium layer in the laminating step) prevents the transparent organic medium and is also collected on the transparent organic medium layer. It is thought that by absorbing the continuous porous tape having a thickness of 0.2 mm, it is possible to attach the protective panel without bubbles and not to leak the transparent organic medium.

As mentioned above, even if a transparent organic substance medium is a high viscosity or a low viscosity, it becomes the frame structure of panel C, and it becomes possible to attach protective panel which is bubble-less and a transparent organic medium does not leak.

[Example 9]

(1) border material affix

One liquid crystal panel was prepared. As shown in panel D of FIG. 33, an acrylic tape having a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 12 mm is attached to the three sides of the liquid crystal panel as the edge material, and the remaining one side is made of foamed urethane of 0.8 mm in thickness and 12 mm in width on the liquid crystal panel side. After affixing the independent bubble type porous tape 38, the continuous porous tape of thickness 0.2mm was stuck on the tape. The rubber hardness of the used independent bubble type porous tape was 20 in the durometer A.

(2) With protective panel

About panel D, the protective panel was affixed through the transparent organic substance medium by the method shown in FIG. A transparent organic medium having a viscosity of 100 mPa · s and a surface tension of 28 mN / m was used for the transparent organic medium. Or the hardening | curing agent is added so that the used transparent organic substance medium may harden | cure by all. After the protection panel was mounted, it was quickly cured. In addition, the refractive index n of the organic medium was 1.47, the refractive index n ₀ of the protective panel was 1.50, and the refractive index n of the organic medium was in the range of ± 0.2 of the refractive index n ₀ of the protective panel.

(3) visual evaluation

In the panel D after photocuring, no bubbles were found in the transparent organic medium layer, and moreover, the transparent organic medium did not leak outside the edges. From this example, it was found that leakage of the transparent organic medium can be suppressed even when using an independent foam type porous tape made of foamed urethane, similar to the acrylic tape of Panel C.

[Example 10]

(1) border material affix

One liquid crystal panel was prepared. As shown in panel E1 of FIG. 33, an acrylic tape having a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 12 mm was attached to three sides of the liquid crystal panel as edges, and the remaining one side was cut 39 of the acrylic tape to 70 mm in length by 10 mm. Affixed to. Moreover, the continuous bubble-type porous member 40 of thickness 1mm and width 20mm was provided in the outer side. This continuous bubble-type porous member 40 was affixed to the acrylic tape 39 with a weak adhesive of the extent which can be easily removed by tensioning an edge part after a protective panel sticking. The rubber hardness of the nonporous acrylic tape used was 2 in durometer A.

(2) With protective panel

About panel E1, the protective panel was affixed through the transparent organic substance medium by the method shown in FIG. The viscosities of the transparent organic medium were 100 mPa * s, and the surface tension used the material of 28 mN / m. Or in the used transparent organic medium, the photocuring agent is added so that it may be hardened by light. After mounting the protective panel, the prepolymer was quickly cured. In addition, the refractive index n of the organic medium was 1.47, the refractive index n ₀ of the protective panel was 1.50, and the refractive index n of the organic medium was in the range of ± 0.2 of the refractive index n ₀ of the protective panel.

(3) visual evaluation

In the panel E1 after photocuring, no bubbles were found in the transparent organic medium layer, moreover, the transparent organic medium was absorbed into the continuous bubble-type porous member, and the transparent organic medium did not leak outward. By starting and removing the continuous bubble-type porous member absorbing the transparent organic medium, the panel E1 was shaped as shown in FIG. From the present Example, even when the edge was formed only by the nonporous member, it turned out that a protective panel can be affixed without bubble | bubble by providing a clearance gap to an edge.

[Example 11]

(1) border material affix

Three liquid crystal panels were prepared. As shown in FIG. 34 about the edge part of these panels, the acrylic tape of thickness 1mm and width 12mm was affixed on three sides of the liquid crystal panel first as an edge material. On the remaining one side, the acrylic tape was cut to 70 mm in length 39 and affixed at intervals of 10 mm, and a continuous bubble-type porous member 40 having a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 20 mm was provided on the outside thereof (Panel E2, implementation). The same structure as panel E1 of Example 10) and the acrylic tape 41 cut into the circular shape of 60 mm in diameter are affixed by 10 mm space | interval, Furthermore, the continuous bubble-type porous member 40 of thickness 1mm and width 20mm is provided in the outer side. (Panel F), an acrylic tape 42 cut in one side of a 50 mm equilateral triangle at 10 mm intervals, and a continuous bubble-shaped porous member 40 having a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 20 mm is further provided on the outside thereof (panel F). G) produced. The rubber hardness of the nonporous acrylic tape used was 2 in durometer A.

(2) With protective panel

About these three panels, the protective panel was affixed through the transparent organic medium by the method shown in FIG. A prepolymer having a viscosity of 500 mPa · s and a surface tension of 40 mN / m was used for the transparent organic medium. Or all the used prepolymers are adding the hardening | curing agent so that it may harden with light. After the protection panel was mounted, it was quickly cured. In addition, the refractive index n of the organic medium was 1.47, the refractive index n ₀ of the protective panel was 1.51, and the refractive index n of the organic medium was in the range of ± 0.2 of the refractive index n ₀ of the protective panel.

(3) visual evaluation

In the panel E2 after photocuring, no bubbles were found in the inner portion of the transparent organic medium layer than the edge member, and moreover, the transparent organic medium was absorbed by the continuous bubble-type porous member, and the transparent organic medium did not leak outward. It was. Panel E2 became the form shown in FIG. 33 by removing the continuous bubble type porous member which absorbed the transparent organic medium by tension. However, a few bubbles were found between the edges of the edges of 10 mm. It is thought that this is due to the bubble adsorbed on the edge. Since the surface tension of the used prepolymer is large at 40 mN / m, it is difficult to fill the gap with a transparent organic medium, which is consequently linked to bubble generation between the edge and the edge.

However, in panel F and panel G, air bubbles were not found even between the edges of the edges. It is thought that panel F was difficult to adsorb | suck bubbles by the surface between poles. Or panel G thinks that bubble was difficult to adsorb | suck because the surface between poles was inclined.

From this embodiment, it was found that the protective panel can be attached without bubble of the cross section of the edge by making the surface shape between the poles curved or inclined.

[Example 12]

(1) border material affix

Six liquid crystal panels were prepared. As shown to FIG. 35, FIG. 36 about the edge part of these panels, the acrylic tape of thickness 1mm and width 12mm was affixed on the two sides of the liquid crystal panel first as an edge material. The remaining two sides were affixed with an acrylic tape having a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 12 mm (the same structure as panel A2, panel A1 of Example 8), and having a continuous porous tape 35 having a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 12 mm ( After affixing the acrylic tape 36 of thickness 0.8mm and width 12mm on the panel H) and the liquid crystal panel side, the continuous porous tape 37 of thickness 0.2mm was affixed on the tape (panel 1), said An acrylic tape cut to 70 mm in length (39) is affixed at intervals of 10 mm, and a continuous bubble-shaped porous member 40 having a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 20 mm is provided on the outside thereof (panel J) in a circular shape having a diameter of 60 mm. The cut acrylic tape 41 is affixed at intervals of 10 mm, and a continuous bubble-shaped porous member 40 having a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 20 mm is provided on the outside thereof (panel K), and one side is cut into an equilateral triangle of 50 mm. The tape 42 is affixed at 10 mm intervals, furthermore a continuous bubble having a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 20 mm on the outside thereof. That the one installing the porous member 40 (panel L) was produced. The rubber hardness of the nonporous acrylic tape used was 2 in durometer A.

(2) With protective panel

About these 6 panels, the protective panel was affixed through the transparent organic medium by the method shown in FIG. The prepolymer of 100 mPa * s and 40 mN / m of surface tension of the transparent organic medium was used. Or all the used prepolymers are adding the hardening | curing agent so that it may harden with light. After the protection panel was mounted, it was quickly cured. In addition, the refractive index n of the organic medium was 1.47, the refractive index n ₀ of the protective panel was 1.51, and the refractive index n of the organic medium was in the range of ± 0.2 of the refractive index n ₀ of the protective panel.

(3) visual evaluation

Panel A2 after photocuring confirmed many bubbles in the transparent organic medium layer. On the other hand, in the panel H, bubbles were not confirmed in the transparent organic medium layer, and bubbleless bonding was enabled. However, the transparent organic medium leaked outside the edge. In panel I, no bubbles were observed in the transparent organic medium layer, and no transparent organic medium leaked outside the edges. In the panel H, since the edges of one side were all continuous porous members, it is considered that the transparent organic medium having a low viscosity of 100 mPa · s easily penetrated and leaked into the continuous porous member. On the other hand, in panel I, a 0.8 mm thick non-porous acrylic tape affixed on the liquid crystal panel side (the lower part of the transparent organic medium layer in the bonding process) blocks the transparent organic medium, and the bubbles gathered at the top of the transparent organic medium layer are It is thought that by absorbing the continuous porous tape having a thickness of 0.2 mm, it is possible to stick the protective panel without bubbles and not to leak the transparent organic medium.

Next, in the panel J after photocuring, no bubbles are found in the inner part of the transparent organic medium layer than the edge member, and furthermore, the transparent organic medium is absorbed by the continuous bubble-type porous member, and the transparent organic medium leaks outward. It wasn't. However, a few bubbles were found between the edges of the edges of 10 mm. It is thought that this is due to the bubble adsorbed on the edge. Since the surface tension of the used prepolymer is large at 40 mN / m, it is difficult to fill the gap with a transparent organic medium, which is consequently linked to bubble generation between the edge and the edge. However, in panel K and panel L, air bubbles were not found even between the edges of the edges. Panel K is considered to have been difficult to adsorb bubbles in the curved surface between the poles. Or panel L thinks that bubble was difficult to adsorb | suck because the surface between the poles was oblique.

Also in this embodiment, it has been found that the protective panel can be attached without bubble of the cross-sectional view of the edge by making the surface shape between the poles curved or inclined.

[Example 13]

Three liquid crystal modules of the structure in which a polarizing plate, a liquid crystal panel, and a polarizing plate were superimposed on the backlight unit were produced. Furthermore, a control system, a power supply, etc. were attached to the liquid crystal module, and the image display apparatus was produced. Two sets of these driver IC drivers were mounted on the lower part of the liquid crystal panel, and one set was mounted on the upper part of the liquid crystal panel. A glass protective panel having a thickness of 2 mm was provided as a transparent organic medium through a copolymer of butyl acrylate and ethyl methacrylate as a transparent organic medium in one set of liquid crystal display devices in which a driver IC driver was set below the liquid crystal panel.

The copolymer layer of butyl acrylate and ethyl methacrylate was about 1 mm in thickness.

These 3 sets of liquid crystal display devices were used continuously for 3 hours in the room temperature of 40 degreeC. Then, in the liquid crystal display device in which the driver IC driver is mounted on the liquid crystal panel, image blurring near the driver IC driver coupling portion occurs.

When the liquid crystal display device was used, heat from the backlight heated the inside of the liquid crystal display device. Especially in the upper part, the degree of heating becomes large. The driver IC driver is also heated, and the heat is transmitted to the liquid crystal panel. In the case of the liquid crystal display device in which the driver IC driver is mounted on the upper part of the liquid crystal panel, since the heat transmitted from the driver IC driver to the liquid crystal panel is heated to near the operating temperature as the liquid crystal, the liquid crystal does not exhibit liquid crystallinity as a result. It is thought that a burn fade occurred.

Next, spray a weakly alkaline glass cleaner on the screen to remove dust from the screen, and then wipe it with a rag, and do not install a protective panel among the liquid crystal display devices in which the driver IC driver is installed below the liquid crystal panel. A part of the screen of thing did not display an image. This did not happen in the other two generations. When irradiated, the sprayed glass cleaner dropped on the screen, and reached from the polarity of the polarizing plate and the frame to the driving IC driver, soaking the driver. For this reason, the wiring of the driver IC driver is short-circuited, and as a result, a part of the screen is considered not to display an image. The same phenomenon occurred with water mixed with a detergent instead of a glass cleaner.

From the above, in order to prevent the blurring of an image by long-term use in a high temperature room, and to have liquid resistance which can endure screen cleaning by liquids, such as a glass cleaner and a detergent mixture liquid, a driver IC driver uses a liquid crystal It has been shown that a liquid crystal display device mounted on the lower panel and provided with a protective panel is suitable.

Example 14

The liquid crystal TV (a) which assembled the liquid crystal panel C produced in Example 8 was produced. Alternatively, a liquid crystal panel was prepared in the same manner as in Panel C, except that 0.1 wt% of the pigment NK3981 (manufactured by Hayashihara Biological Research Institute) was contained in the transparent organic medium in the same frame configuration as that of Panel C. Liquid crystal TV (b) was produced.

In the structure of a present Example, the transparent organic medium acts as a spectrum absorption layer which has an absorption peak in the vicinity of wavelength 490nm by the effect of the pigment | dye mixed. Thereby, a contrast ratio improvement effect can be anticipated further.

As for the color filter used for a liquid crystal panel, the coloring layer of blue, green, and red is formed with the organic pigment. For example, PB15: 6 + PV23 is known for blue, PG36 + PY150 for green, PR177 + PY83 for red. Organic pigments exist in a state dispersed in the base polymer with a particle diameter of about 50 nm to 200 nm, but since they are particle systems in the Rayleigh scattering region, they scatter incident light from a light source disposed on the back of the liquid crystal panel, and the scattered light is displayed in black. Light leakage occurs in the substrate, thereby reducing the contrast ratio. In the liquid crystal display device, in order to maintain the viewing angle characteristic, diffused light, not parallel light, is incident on the liquid crystal panel, so this effect is serious.

At this time, since the scattered light of the color filter is caused by Rayleigh scattering, the peak has a shorter wavelength than the original spectral characteristics. In particular, in the green filter, since the peak wavelength is short-wavelength shifted from 530 nm to 490 nm, it is the wavelength region where the light source is emitted and the wavelength region where the viewing sensitivity is relatively high, which has the greatest influence on the contrast ratio. For example, if the light source is a narrow band light emitting phosphor, there is a sub-luminescence of the green phosphor near 490 nm, and if it is a light emitting diode, it is not a light emission peak but is caught in the light emitting region of the blue or green light emitting diode. That is, in the black display, the light of 490 nm becomes particularly strong.

In this embodiment, the action of absorbing light in the vicinity of 490 nm is given to the transparent organic medium, but by this, unnecessary light in the vicinity of 490 nm which is specifically emphasized in black display can be absorbed. In addition, since the light intensity around 490 nm is very weak in white display, even if this wavelength is absorbed, since it does not have a big influence on the transmitted light intensity of a white display, a contrast ratio improvement effect is acquired. In the liquid crystal TV (b) of the present embodiment, by adding 0.1% by weight of dye, the transmittance of black display can be reduced by 13% and the contrast ratio can be improved by 10% compared to the unadded liquid crystal TV (a). there was.

In order to function as a spectral absorption layer, it should just be a pigment | dye which has an absorption peak in the vicinity of 490 nm, and can be disperse | distributed to a transparent organic substance medium, Needless to say, it is not limited to a present Example. The addition amount of the dye may be appropriately optimized in consideration of the absorbance of the dye used and the transmittance of black display and white display.

Example 15

The liquid crystal television (c) was prepared in the same manner as in the liquid crystal television (b) of Example 14 except that 0.2 wt% of the metal nanoparticles were added instead of 0.1 wt% of the pigment NK3981 (manufactured by Hayashihara Biological Research Institute) in the transparent organic medium. )

By the addition of the metal nanoparticles, it becomes possible to absorb specific light in the vicinity of about 490 nm scattered with the color filter pigment in the black display, and the effect of improving the contrast ratio was confirmed. In addition, by treating the surface of the metal nanoparticles with a surfactant, aggregation of the nanoparticles can be prevented and uniformly dispersed in the organic medium. In the structure of the present Example, by adding 0.2 weight% of gold nanoparticles with a particle diameter of 10 nm or less surface-treated using the long-chain alkyl thiol which has an acryl group as surfactant, 0.2% of black transmittance can be reduced 10%, As a result, the contrast could be improved by 8%.

The metal nanoparticles may have an absorption peak in the vicinity of 490 nm, and may be uniformly dispersed in an organic medium by treating the surface thereof, and nanoparticles made of alloys of various metals may be used, and the like. Needless to say. The addition amount of the nanoparticles may be appropriately optimized in consideration of the absorption coefficient of the particles to be used and the transmittance of black display and white display.

[Example 16]

A liquid crystal television was prepared in the same manner as in the liquid crystal television (b) of Example 14 except that 0.12% by weight of the direct orange 39, which was a dye, was added instead of 0.1% by weight of the pigment NK3981 (manufactured by Hayashihara Biological Research Institute) in the transparent organic medium. (e) was produced.

By this dye addition, the transparent organic medium layer shows dichroism in the wavelength of 400-500 nm. Therefore, in the black display, light leakage of the short wavelength region having a large intensity can be efficiently absorbed, and since there is little influence on the white display, the contrast ratio improvement and the color tone correction of the black display can be achieved. In addition, the pigment | dye to add may be a pigment | dye which can be added to a transparent organic substance medium as a pigment | dye which shows dichroism.

Generally, in the liquid crystal display device, the color tone of the black display is bluer than the color tone of the white display. This is because light leakage becomes stronger in the wavelength region of 400 to 450 nm in black display because of the wavelength dependence of the polarization degree of the polarizing plate. The light leakage of 400-450 nm in black display was able to be absorbed by the transparent organic medium layer containing the dichroic dye of the present Example. As a result, the color tone of the black display became more achromatic, or the contrast ratio could be improved by 3%.

201 glass
202 spacer
203 liquid crystal
204 liquid crystal display cell
205 polarizer and other optical film
206 liquid crystal panel
207 protective panel
208 space
209 backlight unit
210 border
211 Transparent Organics Medium
211a liquid transparent organic medium
211a 'transparent organic medium in which a liquid transparent organic medium is solidified
211b sheet-like transparent organic medium
212 cases
1 border
2 transparent organics medium
3 protection panel
4 liquid crystal panel
5 Transparent Organics Leaked from Porous Edges
6 Jigs with hanging protection panels
7 continuous bubble type porous member
8 independent bubble type porous member or nonporous member
9 border height
10 width of the border
11 border height control particles
12 backlight unit
13 polarizer
14 liquid crystal module
15 power supply unit
16 control system
17 outer edge of the front
18 Outer border of the back
19 Anti-reflection film or antiglare film
20 frames
21 Driver IC Driver
22 FPC Board
23 Housing of backlight unit and liquid crystal panel
24 reflective layers
25 fluorescent tube
26 diffuser plate
27 diffusion sheet
28 prism sheet
29 Top cover of housing
30 light emitting diode
31 light emitting part
32 reflective surfaces
33 layer thickness control particle
34 1mm thick and 12mm wide acrylic tape
35 continuous porous tape 1mm thick and 12mm wide
36 mm thick and 0.8 mm wide acrylic tape
37 Continuous porous tape 0.2 mm thick and 12 mm wide
38 Independent foam type porous tape made of foam urethane of 0.8mm in thickness, 12mm in width
39 Acrylic Tape 1mm thick, 12mm wide, 70mm long
40 continuous bubble type porous member with thickness of 1mm and width of 20mm
41 Acrylic tape cut in a circle of 60mm in diameter
42 Acrylic tape cut into regular triangles of 50 mm on one side
101 control board
102 housing
103 adhesive layer
104 backlight light source
105 light guide plate

Claims (39)

In the manufacturing method of the image display apparatus by which the layer which consists of a transparent organic substance medium is interposed between the image display panel and the protection panel provided in the visual recognition side of the image display panel, without an air layer,
A step of injecting a liquid transparent organic medium into an inner side surrounded by the edge member of the panel where the edge member is provided, wherein an edge member having a plurality of voids through which air can pass is provided in one panel of the image display panel or the protective panel. ,
Placing the other panel of the image display panel or the protective panel on the border material; and
Solidifying the injected transparent liquid organic medium,
Method of manufacturing an image display device comprising a. The manufacturing method of the image display apparatus of Claim 1 whose volume of the liquid transparent organic substance medium used is more than the volume enclosed by the image display panel, a protection panel, and a border material. The image display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the volume of the liquid transparent organic medium used is equal to or less than the sum of the volume surrounded by the image display panel, the protective panel, and the edge material and the volume of the entire voids of the edge material. Manufacturing method. The liquid transparent organic medium according to claim 1, wherein the liquid transparent organic medium contains a compound having at least one acrylic acid derivative polymer and a polymerizable unsaturated bond in a molecule and is polymerized by heat or irradiation with active light. The manufacturing method of the image display apparatus. The method for manufacturing an image display device according to claim 1, wherein the total light transmittance of the transparent organic medium is 50% or more. The method for manufacturing an image display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the edge member is a porous sheet of continuous foam. The method for manufacturing an image display device according to claim 1, wherein the porosity of the edge member is 20% to 98%. The manufacturing method of the image display apparatus of any one of Claims 1-7 which includes the process of removing an edge material after the process of solidifying the said liquid transparent organic substance medium. delete Transparent protection provided in the backlight unit, the liquid crystal panel hold | maintained by two glass substrates, and having an electrode, a liquid crystal layer, an orientation layer, and a color filter inside, and the side which does not face the said backlight unit of the liquid crystal panel. A panel, a polarizing plate provided on both sides of said liquid crystal panel, a transparent organic medium layer disposed between said protective panel and said liquid crystal panel, and an edge member formed to surround said transparent organic medium layer, said protective panel At least a part of the edge member on the side is a continuous bubble type porous member, and the edge member on the liquid crystal panel side and in contact with the continuous bubble type porous member is a non-porous member or an independent bubble type porous member. Display. A liquid crystal panel held by a backlight unit, two glass substrates, and having an electrode, a liquid crystal layer, an alignment layer and a color filter therein, and a transparent protective panel provided on the side of the liquid crystal panel that is not facing the backlight unit. And a polarizing plate provided on both sides of the liquid crystal panel, a transparent organic medium layer disposed between the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel, and a non-porous member or an independent bubble type porous member formed to surround the transparent organic medium layer. And a portion of at least one side of the edge member on the side of the protective panel, which is missing. A liquid crystal display device having a backlight unit and a liquid crystal panel held by two glass substrates and having an electrode, a liquid crystal layer, an alignment layer, and a color filter therein,
It has a transparent protective panel on the side which does not face the backlight unit of the said liquid crystal panel, The polarizing plate is affixed on both surfaces of the said liquid crystal panel, It has a transparent organic medium layer between the said protective panel and the said liquid crystal panel, The edge of four sides of a transparent organic medium layer has an edge material, a continuous bubble type porous member is used at least on the protective panel side of one side of the said edge material, and a nonporous member or an independent bubble type porous member is used for the liquid crystal panel side, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. Liquid crystal display device. 13. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 12, wherein the driving IC driver is coupled to a side other than a side where a continuous bubble-type porous member is used on the protective panel side of the edge member. In the liquid crystal display device which is hold | maintained by the backlight unit and two glass substrates, and the liquid crystal panel which has an electrode, a liquid crystal layer, an orientation layer, and a color filter inside is arrange | positioned,
It has a transparent protective panel on the side which does not face the backlight unit of the said liquid crystal panel, The polarizing plate is affixed on both surfaces of the said liquid crystal panel, It has a transparent organic medium layer between the said protective panel and the said liquid crystal panel, An edge member is provided at the ends of the four sides of the transparent organic medium layer, and the edge member has a non-porous member or an independent bubble-type porous member on all four sides, and at least one side has one or more gaps. Device. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 14, wherein the one or more gaps are at ends of sides. 15. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 14, wherein the driving IC driver is coupled to a side other than a side with one or more poles of the edge member. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 12 to 16, wherein the backlight, the liquid crystal panel, and the two polarizing plates are in a housing, and the protective panel is interposed between the transparent organic medium layer. And bonded to the liquid crystal panel. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 12 to 16, wherein the backlight, the liquid crystal panel, and the two polarizing plates are in a housing, and the protective panel is interposed between the transparent organic medium layer. And the protective panel is larger than the liquid crystal panel, and the protective panel and the housing are coupled to each other. In the liquid crystal display device which is hold | maintained by the backlight unit and two glass substrates, and the liquid crystal panel which has an electrode, a liquid crystal layer, an orientation layer, and a color filter inside is arrange | positioned,
The polarizing plate is affixed on the surface on the backlight unit side of the said liquid crystal panel, has a transparent protective panel in the side which is not facing the said backlight unit of the said liquid crystal panel, and is transparent organic substance between this protection panel and the said liquid crystal panel. It has a media layer, and the edge part of the four sides of the said transparent organic medium layer has an edge material, and a continuous bubble type porous member is a non-porous member or an independent bubble type at the said liquid crystal panel side at least on the protective panel side of one side of the said edge material. A porous member is used, and a polarizing plate is affixed on the said transparent organic medium layer side of the said protection panel, The liquid crystal display device characterized by the above-mentioned. 20. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 19, wherein a driver IC driver is not coupled to a side where a continuous bubble-type porous member is used on the protective panel side of the edge member. In the liquid crystal display device which is hold | maintained by the backlight unit and two glass substrates, and the liquid crystal panel which has an electrode, a liquid crystal layer, an orientation layer, and a color filter inside is arrange | positioned,
The polarizing plate is affixed on the surface on the backlight unit side of the liquid crystal panel, has a transparent protective panel on the side not facing the backlight unit of the liquid crystal panel, and is transparent between the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel. It has an organic medium layer, and an edge material is provided at the edges of the four sides of the transparent organic medium layer, and the edge material is a nonporous member or an independent bubble-type porous member on all four sides, and at least one side has one or more gaps. And a polarizing plate affixed on said transparent organic medium layer side of said protective panel. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 21, wherein one or more gaps are located at ends of sides. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 21, wherein the driving IC driver is coupled to a side other than one side of the edge member having one or more gaps. 24. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 19 to 23, wherein the backlight and the liquid crystal panel are in a housing, and the protective panel and the polarizing plate surface are interposed between the transparent organic medium layers. A liquid crystal display device, which is bonded to a liquid crystal panel. 24. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 19 to 23, wherein the backlight and the liquid crystal panel are in a housing, and the protective panel and the polarizing plate surface are interposed between the transparent organic medium layers. A liquid crystal display device bonded to a liquid crystal panel, wherein an area of the protective panel is larger than that of the liquid crystal panel, and the protective panel and the housing are coupled to each other. 24. The device according to any one of claims 12 to 16 and 19 to 23, wherein the backlight, the liquid crystal panel, the two polarizing plates, the medium layer of the transparent organic material, and the protective panel are in a housing. Liquid crystal display device characterized in that. 24. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 12 to 16 and 19 to 23, wherein said backlight, said liquid crystal panel, and said two polarizing plates are in a housing, and said protective panel. The liquid crystal panel is bonded to the liquid crystal panel via the transparent organic medium layer, the area of the protective panel is larger than the liquid crystal panel, the protective panel and the housing are combined, and the liquid crystal panel and the two polarizing plates are A liquid crystal display device characterized by being held in a transparent organic medium layer. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 10 to 16 or 19 to 23, wherein the rubber hardness of the non-porous member is 0 to 30 in durometer A. The liquid crystal according to any one of claims 10 to 16 or 19 to 23, wherein the nonporous member contains particles having a diameter equal to the thickness of the transparent organic medium layer. Display. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 10 to 16 or 19 to 23, wherein the rubber hardness of the independent bubble-type porous member is 30 or less in durometer A. The liquid crystal panel driver IC driver according to any one of claims 10 to 16 or 19 to 23, wherein the driving IC driver of the liquid crystal panel is one of the liquid crystal panels closest to the ground when the liquid crystal panel is leaned up. A liquid crystal display device, characterized in that disposed on either side of a side and two sides perpendicular to one side thereof. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 10 to 16 or 19 to 23, wherein the transparent organic medium layer has a thickness of 0.1 to 10 mm. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 10 to 16 or 19 to 23, wherein the rubber hardness of the transparent organic medium layer is 30 or less in durometer A. Of claim 10 to claim 16, or 19 to any one of claim 23, wherein if the refractive index of the constituent members of the transparent organic medium layer and the refractive index of n, the protective panel with n _0, these refractive index A liquid crystal display device according to the following formula.
_{n 0 - 0.2 <n <n} 0 + 0.2 The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 10 to 16 or 19 to 23, wherein the transparent organic medium layer contains a compound having absorption in the visible region. The antireflection film or the antiglare film according to any one of claims 10 to 16 or 19 to 23, wherein the protective panel has an antireflection film or an antiglare film on the side not facing the transparent organic medium layer. Liquid crystal display device. 37. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 36, wherein the antireflection film or antiglare film is formed of a silicon compound having silicon oxide fine particles and a hydrolyzable residue, and the antireflection film has a void therein. 38. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 37, wherein the antireflection film has a layer formed of a compound having a fluoropolyether chain or a fluoroalkyl chain. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 38, further comprising a layer formed of a compound having a perfluoropolyether chain on the surface of the anti-reflection film.

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