KR101098785B1 - 고체연료의 제조방법 - Google Patents
고체연료의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR101098785B1 KR101098785B1 KR1020090062629A KR20090062629A KR101098785B1 KR 101098785 B1 KR101098785 B1 KR 101098785B1 KR 1020090062629 A KR1020090062629 A KR 1020090062629A KR 20090062629 A KR20090062629 A KR 20090062629A KR 101098785 B1 KR101098785 B1 KR 101098785B1
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- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- waste
- heating
- bath
- solid fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/46—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on sewage, house, or town refuse
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
- C10L2230/08—Inhibitors
- C10L2230/082—Inhibitors for anti-foaming
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/18—Spraying or sprinkling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/34—Applying ultrasonic energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
Description
항목 | 폐유의 종류 | |||||
자동차유 | 선박유 | 절연유 | 기어유 | 터빈유 | ||
잔류탄소(중량%) | 1.43 | 0.66 | 0.09 | 0.05 | 0.05 | |
수분 및 침전물(Vol%) | 0.04 | 8.0 | - | - | - | |
회분(중량%) | 0.664 | 0.603 | 0.09 | 0.044 | 0.044 | |
황분(중량%) | 0.26~0.35 | 0.81 | 0.54 | 0.032 | 0.004 | |
중금속(mg/kg) | Cd 및 그 화합물 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1미만 | 1 |
Pb 및 그 화합물 | 불검출 | 1미만 | 1 | 8 | 1 | |
Cr 및 그 화합물 | 불검출 | 1 | 1 | 1미만 | 1 | |
As 및 그 화합물 | 불검출 | 1미만 | 0.01미만 | 1미만 | 1미만 |
페이퍼 종류 |
슬러지함량 (중량%) |
고체(solid) (중량%) |
재(ash) (중량%) |
셀룰로오즈(cellulose) (중량%) |
페이퍼 (Paper) |
21.87 | 32.34 | 30.08 | 46.19 |
뉴스프린트페이퍼 (News print paper) |
28.60 | 28.92 | 31.92 | 40.62 |
크라프트페이퍼 (Kraft paper) |
14.86 | 28.45 | 15.45 | 61.20 |
우드프리페이퍼 (Woodfree paper) |
5.79 | 35.20 | 59.63 | 28.95 |
팃슈 (Tissues) |
31.70 | 34.93 | 36.58 | 39.37 |
기타 |
8.14 | 30.08 | 34.74 | 35.07 |
평균 |
20.75 | 31.04 | 32.11 | 43.44 |
시험항목 | 단위 | 결과치 | 시험방법 | |
고정탄소 | 중량% | 5.8 | ASTM D 5142 : 2002 | |
수분 | 중량% | 2.5 | ASTM D 5142 : 2002 | |
회분 | 중량% | 2.7 | ASTM D 5142 : 2002 | |
휘발분 | 중량% | 89.0 | ASTM D 5142 : 2002 | |
발열량 | kcal/kg | 6924 | KS E 3707 : 2001 | |
기체 |
Cl | 중량% | 0.06 | ASTM D 2361 : 2002 |
S | 중량% | 0.04 | 한국환경자원공사(고형연료제품품질규격) | |
중금속 |
Hg | 중량% | 검출안됨 | 한국환경자원공사(고형연료제품품질규격) |
Cd | 중량% | 검출안됨 | 한국환경자원공사(고형연료제품품질규격) | |
Pb | mg/kg | 5.78 | 한국환경자원공사(고형연료제품품질규격) | |
As | mg/kg | 0.8 | 한국환경자원공사(고형연료제품품질규격) |
시험항목 | 단위 | 결과치 | 시험방법 | |
고정탄소 | 중량% | 6.7 | ASTM D 5142 : 2002 | |
수분 | 중량% | 2.1 | ASTM D 5142 : 2002 | |
회분 | 중량% | 0.9 | ASTM D 5142 : 2002 | |
휘발분 | 중량% | 90.3 | ASTM D 5142 : 2002 | |
발열량 | kcal/kg | 6981 | KS E 3707 : 2001 | |
기체 |
Cl | 중량% | 0.07 | ASTM D 2361 : 2002 |
S | 중량% | 0.09 | 한국환경자원공사(고형연료제품품질규격) | |
중금속 |
Hg | 중량% | 검출안됨 | 한국환경자원공사(고형연료제품품질규격) |
Cd | 중량% | 검출안됨 | 한국환경자원공사(고형연료제품품질규격) | |
Pb | mg/kg | 6.42 | 한국환경자원공사(고형연료제품품질규격) | |
As | mg/kg | 1.14 | 한국환경자원공사(고형연료제품품질규격) |
비 고 | 실시예 1 (중량부) |
실시예 2 (중량부) |
비교예 1 (중량부) |
비교예 2 (중량부) |
|
폐톱밥 고형분 | 200 | 200 | 200 | 200 | |
폐제지슬러지 | 우드프리페이퍼 | 100 | - | 100 | 100 |
뉴스프린트페이퍼 | - | 100 | - | - | |
폐유 | 자동차유 | 20 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
바인더 | 폴리비닐아세테이트 | 7 | 7 | 7 | - |
리그닌 | - | 3 | - | - | |
전분 | - | - | - | 7 | |
유화제 | 프로필알코올 | 0.5 | 0.2 | - | - |
디메틸 폴리실록산 | - | 0.8 | - | - | |
중탕, 가열(130℃) | 20분 | 30분 | - | - |
비 고 |
실시예 1 | 실시예 2 | 비교예 1 | 비교예 2 |
상대적 강도 |
1.00 | 1.13 | 0.72 | 0.69 |
항 목 | 폐유함량 (중량부) |
탄화 온도(℃) |
탄화 완결 시간(분) |
발열량(kcal/kg) | 내구성(%) | 악취 | |||
탄화 전 | 탄화 후 | 탄화 전 | 탄화 후 | 탄화 전 | 탄화 후 | ||||
실시예3 |
2.0 | 170 | 15 | 4100 | 4350 | 87.73 | 99.37 | 있음 | 없음 |
실시예4 |
5.0 | 160 | 15 | 4650 | 4850 | 83.01 | 96.54 | 있음 | 없음 |
실시예5 |
10.0 | 155 | 15 | 5260 | 5423 | 77.36 | 91.03 | 있음 | 없음 |
실시예6 |
20.0 | 150 | 10 | 5805 | 5980 | 67.52 | 87.88 | 있음 | 없음 |
실시예7 |
30.0 | 140 | 8 | 6530 | 6710 | 56.87 | 85.79 | 있음 | 없음 |
비 고 | 탄화 전 | 탄화 후 | ||||||
실시예4 | 실시예8 | 실시예9 | 실시예10 | 실시예11 | 비교예3 | 비교예4 | ||
탄화온도 (℃) |
- | 160 | 200 | 250 | 300 | 350 | 400 | 500 |
발열량 (kcal/kg) |
4650 | 4850 | 4903 | 4963 | 5029 | 5088 | 5052 | 5060 |
내구성 (%) |
83.01 | 96.54 | 96.92 | 97.38 | 95.24 | 93.52 | 87.37 | 83.33 |
Claims (8)
- 바이오매스 및 폐제지로부터 선택된 하나 이상의 유기물을 오일이 수용된 가열조에 투입하여 중탕, 가열하되, 수분 증발에 의해 생성된 기포가 억제되도록 상기 가열조에 기포억제제를 분무해가며 중탕, 가열하는 중탕/가열 단계;상기 가열조에서 배출된 유기물로부터 오일을 분리하는 탈유단계; 및상기 탈유된 유기물을 성형체로 성형하는 성형단계를 포함하는 고체연료의 제조방법.
- 바이오매스 및 폐제지로부터 선택된 하나 이상의 유기물을 오일이 수용된 가열조에 투입하여 중탕, 가열하되, 수분 증발에 의해 생성된 기포가 억제되도록 상기 가열조에 기포억제제를 분무해가며 중탕, 가열하는 중탕/가열 단계;상기 가열조에서 배출된 유기물로부터 오일을 분리하는 탈유단계;상기 탈유된 유기물에 바인더, 오일 및 유화제로 이루어진 군중에서 선택된 하나 이상을 혼합하여 혼합물을 형성하는 혼합단계; 및상기 혼합물을 성형체로 성형하는 성형단계를 포함하는 고체연료의 제조방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,상기 성형체를 탄화시키는 탄화단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고체 연료의 제조방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,상기 중탕/가열단계는 가열조에 기포억제제를 분무해줌과 동시에 초음파 진동을 부여해주며 중탕, 가열하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고체연료의 제조방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,상기 기포억제제는 알코올, 데카노익산(decanoic acid), 라우릭산(lauric acid), 마이리스틱산(myristic acid), 팔미틱산(palmitic acid), 스테아릭산(stearic acid), 올레익산(oleic acid), 미네랄오일(mineral oil), 옥시스테아린(oxystearine), 디메틸폴리실록산(dimethyl polysiloxane), 실리콘디옥사이드(silicon dioxide), 솔비탄모노스테아레이트(sorbitan monostearate) 및 실리콘수지(silicon resin)로 이루어진 군중에서 선택된 하나 또는 2 이상의 혼합인 것을 특징으로 하는 고체연료의 제조방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,상기 바이오매스는 곡물, 목재, 동물의 분뇨, 음식물 쓰레기 및 하수 슬러지로 이루어진 군중에서 선택된 하나 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 고체연료의 제조방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,상기 폐제지는 종이, 신문지, 화장지, 기저귀 및 제지공장에서 배출된 폐제지슬러지로 이루어진 군중에서 선택된 하나 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 고체연료의 제조방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,상기 가열조는, 오일이 수용된 본체; 상기 본체를 가열하는 열공급부; 가열에 의해 발생된 수증기가 배출되는 배출구; 기포억제제를 분무하기 위한 분사구; 및 중탕/가열된 유기물을 토출시키기 위한 강제이송수단을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고체연료의 제조방법.
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US12152211B2 (en) | 2016-04-19 | 2024-11-26 | Sociedad De Inversiones Y Rentas Tricao S.P.A. | Purine treatment method for the production of a product with a high calorific value |
WO2018093054A1 (ko) * | 2016-11-17 | 2018-05-24 | 박지혜 | 파래 기반 고체연료 및 이의 제조방법 |
KR20180055359A (ko) * | 2016-11-17 | 2018-05-25 | 박지혜 | 파래 기반 고체연료 및 이의 제조방법 |
KR101897546B1 (ko) * | 2016-11-17 | 2018-09-12 | 박지혜 | 파래 기반 고체연료 및 이의 제조방법 |
KR102107704B1 (ko) * | 2019-05-22 | 2020-05-07 | 주식회사 네오디아 | 하수 슬러지를 이용한 연료 제조장치 |
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