KR100977294B1 - Silver oxide-zinc contact material - Google Patents
Silver oxide-zinc contact material Download PDFInfo
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- KR100977294B1 KR100977294B1 KR1020070130326A KR20070130326A KR100977294B1 KR 100977294 B1 KR100977294 B1 KR 100977294B1 KR 1020070130326 A KR1020070130326 A KR 1020070130326A KR 20070130326 A KR20070130326 A KR 20070130326A KR 100977294 B1 KR100977294 B1 KR 100977294B1
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- HTQOEHYNHFXMJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxosilver zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Ag]=O HTQOEHYNHFXMJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- DUCFBDUJLLKKPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Zn++].[Ag+] Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[Ag+] DUCFBDUJLLKKPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- NSAODVHAXBZWGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium silver Chemical compound [Ag].[Cd] NSAODVHAXBZWGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc oxide Inorganic materials [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- NZWXMOTXTNDNLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Zn].[Ag] Chemical compound [Cu].[Zn].[Ag] NZWXMOTXTNDNLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AHHOIHATZFOFHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Ag].[Zn].[Mn] Chemical compound [Cu].[Ag].[Zn].[Mn] AHHOIHATZFOFHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIPBRDABPKXKRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Sb].[Mn].[Cu].[Zn].[Ag] Chemical compound [Sb].[Mn].[Cu].[Zn].[Ag] LIPBRDABPKXKRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- OOBNORVQFIAGPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Sb] OOBNORVQFIAGPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- BSWGGJHLVUUXTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Ag] BSWGGJHLVUUXTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
- B21C23/08—Making wire, bars, tubes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
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Abstract
본 발명은 은 산화아연을 기초로 하는 전기접점 및 제조 방법을 제공한다. 산화 은-아연(AgZnO)계 전기접점 재료는 저접촉 저항성에 유리하지만 내 용착성이나 내 소모성은 충분한 특성을 만족하지 않는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위하여 ZnO를 미세하게 분산시키고 구리(Cu)와 망간(Mn), 안티몬(Sb)을 첨가하여 해결하고자 하였다.The present invention provides an electrical contact and a manufacturing method based on silver zinc oxide. Silver oxide-zinc (AgZnO) -based electrical contact materials are known to be advantageous in low contact resistance, but they do not satisfy sufficient properties of weld resistance and consumption resistance. In order to solve this problem, ZnO was finely dispersed and copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and antimony (Sb) were added to solve the problem.
아연(Zn)은 5.0~15중량%, 구리(Cu)는 0.1~3중량%이고, 망간(Mn)은 0.1~0.5중량%, 안티몬(Sb)은 0.05~0.5중량%를 포함한다. 그 제조방법은 내부산화법을 적용하였으며 은(Ag)과 아연(Zn), 구리(Cu), 망간(Mn), 안티몬(Sb)을 용해 주조한 후 압출하여 신선하고 신선한 것을 조각화하고 내부산화 처리한 뒤 내부산화한 조각을 다시 냉간, 열간 압축 성형하여 빌렛(billet)을 제작한 후 다시 압출하여 신선하는 방법으로 제조한다. 이와 같은 방법으로 제조된 AgZnO계 접점 재료는 가공성이 양호하고 카드뮴(Cd)이 포함하지 않아 인체 및 환경에 유해하지 않은 재료로 은산화 카드뮴을 대신할 수 있는 특성이 우수한 전기접점 소재이다.Zinc (Zn) is 5.0 to 15% by weight, copper (Cu) is 0.1 to 3% by weight, manganese (Mn) is 0.1 to 0.5% by weight and antimony (Sb) contains 0.05 to 0.5% by weight. The manufacturing method was applied internal oxidation method and melted and cast silver (Ag), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and antimony (Sb), then extruded to flake fresh and fresh things and internal oxidation After the internally oxidized pieces are again cold, hot compression molded to produce a billet (billet) and then extruded to produce a fresh way. AgZnO-based contact materials prepared in this way is a good electrical contact material that has good processability and does not contain cadmium (Cd), which can replace cadmium silver as a material that is not harmful to humans and the environment.
전기접점재료, 접점, AgZnO, 내부산화 Electrical contact materials, contacts, AgZnO, internal oxidation
Description
본 발명은 Ag-ZnO계 전기접점 소재에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to Ag-ZnO-based electrical contact material.
일반적으로 Ag-ZnO계 전기접점 소재는 저접촉 저항성에 우수하지만, 내 용착성이나 내 소모성은 충분한 특성을 만족하지 않는 것으로 알려져 있다. 따라서 내 용착성이나 내 소모성이 특별히 요구되는 릴레이(relay)나 스위치(switch) 등의 개폐 접점으로 이용할 경우 내 용착성이나 내 소모성을 향상시키기 위해서 ZnO입자를 미세하게 분산시키는 방법을 들 수 있다.Generally, the Ag-ZnO-based electrical contact material is excellent in low contact resistance, but it is known that welding resistance and consumption resistance do not satisfy sufficient characteristics. Therefore, a method of finely dispersing the ZnO particles in order to improve the weld resistance and the wear resistance when used as an opening and closing contact such as a relay (switch) or a switch (switch), etc., where welding resistance and consumption resistance are particularly required.
내부 산화법은 조성량의 Ag-Zn합금을 용해 주조하고, 이것을 신선, 압출, 절단하여 우선적으로 형상을 만들어 내부산화 하는 것으로 은(Ag) 중에 아연(Zn)을 분산시킨다. 제 3의 금속원소를 첨가하여 ZnO의 미세 분산을 행한 경우, 은(Ag) 중의 ZnO는 그 형상이 침상에 되기 쉽고 그 침상 산화물이 줄무늬장에 석출한 분산 형태를 나타내는 경우가 많다. 이와 같은 분산상태는 아연(Zn)량의 증가에 비례하는 경향을 가지고 있다. 이 줄무늬장에 분산되는 침상 산화물에서는 분말 야금법처럼 구상의 ZnO가 미세 분산되는 것과 다르고, 내 용착성이나 내 소모성의 향상에 큰 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 미세 분산을 일으키기 위한 제 3의 금속원소 도 그 첨가량에 따라서는 AgZnO계 전기접점 소재의 특성에 악영향을 미치게 하는 경우도 있었다.The internal oxidation method melts and casts a compositional amount of Ag—Zn alloy, draws, extrudes, and cuts it to form a shape first and internally oxidizes to disperse zinc (Zn) in silver (Ag). When ZnO is finely dispersed by adding a third metal element, the ZnO in silver (Ag) tends to be needle-shaped and often exhibits a dispersion form in which the needle-like oxide precipitates in the stripe field. Such dispersion state tends to be proportional to the increase in the amount of zinc (Zn). The acicular oxide dispersed in this striped field was different from the fine dispersion of spherical ZnO like powder metallurgy, and did not significantly affect the improvement of weld resistance and consumption resistance. The third metal element for causing fine dispersion also adversely affects the characteristics of the AgZnO-based electrical contact material, depending on the amount added.
따라서, 본 발명의 기술적 과제는, 카드뮴(Cd)을 포함하지 않아 인체나 환경에 유해하지 않으며, ZnO를 보다 미세하고 균일하게 분산시키기 위해 내부산화법을 적용하여 저접촉 저항성을 유지하고, 내 용착성 및 내 소모성을 향상시키는 것이 가능하고 제조비용도 저렴한 Ag-ZnO계 전기접점 소재를 제조하는 것을 그 목적으로 하고 있다.Therefore, the technical problem of the present invention is that it does not contain cadmium (Cd) and is not harmful to the human body or the environment, and maintains low contact resistance by applying an internal oxidation method to disperse ZnO more finely and uniformly, And an Ag-ZnO-based electrical contact material capable of improving consumption resistance and having low manufacturing cost.
상기한 기술적 과제를 해결하기 위한 본 발명의 실시예에 따르면, 아연(Zn)이 5.0~15중량%이고, 구리(Cu)가 0.1~3.0중량%, 나머지는 은(Ag)을 포함하며, 상기 은과 아연, 구리를 용해 주조한 후 제 1압출하여 신선하고 조각화하고, 이 조각을 내부산화한 후, 상기 내부산화 조각을 다시 냉간 및 열간 압축 성형하여 빌렛(billet)을 제작하고, 상기 빌렛을 제 2압출하여 신선함으로써 ZnO를 미세 분산시킨다.According to an embodiment of the present invention for solving the above technical problem, zinc (Zn) is 5.0 to 15% by weight, copper (Cu) is 0.1 to 3.0% by weight, the rest includes silver (Ag), After dissolving and casting silver, zinc and copper, the first extruding is fresh and sculpted, and the pieces are internally oxidized, and the internally oxidized pieces are again cold and hot pressed to produce a billet. The ZnO is finely dispersed by the second extrusion and drawing.
상술한 바와 같이 본 발명에 의하면, AgZnO계 전기접점 재료는 카드늄(Cd)을 함유하지 않기 때문에 인체나 환경에 유해하지 않으며, 본 발명의 AgZnO계 전기접점 소재의 제조방법에 의해, ZnO를 미세하고 균일하게 분산 시켜 제조할 수 있으며, 내 용착성 및 내 소모성을 향상시킨다.As described above, according to the present invention, since the AgZnO-based electrical contact material does not contain cadmium (Cd), it is not harmful to the human body or the environment. Can be prepared by dispersing uniformly, improves the weld resistance and consumption resistance.
이하에 본 발명의 실시예를 설명한다.Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.
본 발명의 목적에 따른, AgZnO계 전기접점 소재를 내부 산화에 의한 제조방법으로 제조하는 것으로, 균일하고 미세한 ZnO를 분산시킨 AgZnO계 전기접점 소재를 제조한다.According to the object of the present invention, by manufacturing a AgZnO-based electrical contact material by the internal oxidation, to prepare an AgZnO-based electrical contact material in which uniform and fine ZnO is dispersed.
제조과정은 은(Ag)과 아연(Zn)을 용해 주조한 합금을 제 1압출, 신선, 절단 후 내부산화 처리하여 은(Ag) 중에 아연(Zn)을 분산 시키며 내부산화 처리된 조각을 냉간 및 열간 압축 성형하고, 중량 환산으로 아연(Zn)을 5.0~15중량%, 구리(Cu)가 0.1~3.0중량% 함유하며, 빌렛(billet)을 제작한 후 제 2압출하고 신선처리하여 제조하였다. 이 제조방법을 적용한다면 ZnO가 미세하고 균일하게 분산될 수 있다. 빌렛으로부터 압출 가공된 선재로 가공할 경우, 선재의 변형 과정에서는 재료의 길이 방향으로 큰 전단응력이 가해지게 된다. 이 경우, 빌렛의 줄무늬장으로 분산되어 있는 ZnO가 전단되어 은(Ag) 중에 미세하고 균일하게 분산되게 된다.In the manufacturing process, an alloy obtained by dissolving and casting silver (Ag) and zinc (Zn) is subjected to internal oxidation after first extrusion, drawing, and cutting to disperse zinc (Zn) in silver (Ag) and cold and After hot compression molding, zinc (Zn) in a weight conversion of 5.0 to 15% by weight, copper (Cu) contained 0.1 to 3.0% by weight, after preparing a billet (billet) was prepared by a second extrusion and fresh treatment. If the production method is applied, ZnO can be finely and uniformly dispersed. When the wire rod is extruded from the billet, a large shear stress is applied in the longitudinal direction of the material during deformation of the wire rod. In this case, ZnO dispersed in the stripe field of the billet is sheared and finely and uniformly dispersed in silver (Ag).
본 발명의 AgZnO계 전기접점 소재의 제조방법에 의해 미세하고 균일하게 분산된 AgZnO계 전기접점 소재를 제조할 수 있으며, 저접촉 저항성을 유지하고 우수한 내 용착성 및 내 소모성이 향상된다.By the method for producing AgZnO-based electrical contact material of the present invention, it is possible to produce a fine and uniformly dispersed AgZnO-based electrical contact material, to maintain low contact resistance and to improve excellent welding resistance and consumption resistance.
아연(Zn)이 5.0중량% 미만이라면, 실용적인 레벨(level)의 내 용착성에 이르고 내 소모성의 향상을 도모할 수 없다. 아연(Zn)이 15중량%를 넘는다면, 내부 산화처리가 어렵고 접촉 저항의 증가가 현저해지고, 가공성도 나빠진다.If zinc (Zn) is less than 5.0% by weight, it is possible to attain a practical level of welding resistance and to improve the consumption resistance. If zinc (Zn) is more than 15% by weight, internal oxidation treatment is difficult, an increase in contact resistance is remarkable, and workability is also deteriorated.
또한, 구리(Cu)가 0.1중량% 미만이라면, 구리(Cu)의 첨가에 의한 ZnO의 미세화 효과가 작아지고, 3.0중량%를 넘는다면, 접점으로서의 사용중 ZnO중에 고용하고 있는 구리(Cu)를 분리하기 쉽고, 접점 표면에 CuO를 퇴적시킨 현상이 생김으로써 접촉 저항을 증가시킨다.If the copper (Cu) is less than 0.1% by weight, the effect of miniaturization of ZnO due to the addition of copper (Cu) is reduced, and if it exceeds 3.0% by weight, the solid solution of copper (Cu) dissolved in ZnO during use as a contact is separated. It is easy to do this, and the phenomenon which deposits CuO on a contact surface arises and an increase in contact resistance.
은-아연-구리(Ag-Zn-Cu) 합금을 이용하고 상기한 본 발명의 AgZnO계 전기접점 소재를 제조한 경우는, 구리(Cu)가 첨가되어도, ZnO은 은(Ag) 중에 미세하고 균일하게 분산된다. 이와 같이 구리(Cu)를 첨가하고 ZnO가 미세하고 균일하게 분산되는 경우, ZnO만의 것과 비교한다면, 저접촉 저항성을 유지하는 기능을 향상시킬 수 있다.When the AgZnO-based electrical contact material of the present invention was produced using a silver-zinc-copper (Ag-Zn-Cu) alloy, ZnO is fine and uniform in silver (Ag) even if copper (Cu) is added. Is dispersed. In this way, when copper (Cu) is added and ZnO is finely and uniformly dispersed, the function of maintaining low contact resistance can be improved as compared with that of ZnO alone.
상기와 같이, 구리(Cu)를 첨가한 AgZnO계 전기접점 소재의 제조방법에 있어서는 아연(Zn)이 5.0~15중량%, 구리(Cu)가 0.1~3.0중량%, 나머지는 은(Ag)을 포함하여 조성하는 것이 타당하다. 보다 바람직하게는, 아연(Zn)이 7~9중량%, 구리(Cu)가 0.2~0.5중량%의 범위인 것으로, 구리(Cu)를 첨가함으로써 얻어지는 작용이 양호하게 된다.As described above, in the method for producing an AgZnO-based electrical contact material containing copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) is 5.0 to 15% by weight, copper (Cu) is 0.1 to 3.0% by weight, and the remainder is silver (Ag). It is reasonable to include the composition. More preferably, zinc (Zn) is in the range of 7 to 9% by weight and copper (Cu) is in the range of 0.2 to 0.5% by weight, and the effect obtained by adding copper (Cu) becomes good.
은-아연-구리-망간(Ag-Zn-Cu-Mn) 합금을 이용하여 상기한 본 발명의 AgZnO계 전기접점 소재를 제조한 경우에는 개폐 접점으로서 이용할 때의 내 소모성을 또한 향상시킨 것이 가능해 진다.When the AgZnO-based electrical contact material of the present invention is manufactured using silver-zinc-copper-manganese (Ag-Zn-Cu-Mn) alloy, it is possible to further improve the consumption resistance when used as an open / close contact. .
망간(Mn)은 일반적으로 내부산화에 따라서 AgZnO계 전기접점 소재를 제조하는 경우에 ZnO를 미세 석출시키고 내열성이 우수한 첨가원소로서 알려져 있다.Manganese (Mn) is generally known as an additive element that finely precipitates ZnO and is excellent in heat resistance when producing AgZnO-based electrical contact materials according to internal oxidation.
이 구리(Cu) 및 망간(Mn)을 첨가한 AgZnO계 전기접점 소재의 제조방법에 있어서, 아연(Zn)이 5.0~15중량%, 구리(Cu)가 0.1~3.0중량%, 망간(Mn)이 0.1~0.5중량%의 범위와 나머지는 은(Ag)을 포함하는 조성으로 하는 것이 타당하다. 보다 바람직한 것은, 아연(Zn)이 7~9중량%, 구리(Cu)가 0.2~0.5중량%, 망간(Mn)이 0.1~0.20중량%의 범위인 것으로 ZnO, 구리(Cu) 및 망간(Mn)과의 복합적인 작용이 가장 균형이 잡힌 상태가 된다.In the manufacturing method of the AgZnO type electrical contact material which added this copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn) is 5.0-15 weight%, copper (Cu) 0.1-3.0 weight%, manganese (Mn) It is reasonable to set this composition as 0.1-0.5 weight% and the remainder to the composition containing silver (Ag). More preferably, ZnO, copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) include zinc (Zn) of 7 to 9% by weight, copper (Cu) of 0.2 to 0.5% by weight, and manganese (Mn) of 0.1 to 0.20% by weight. The combined action with) is the most balanced.
망간(Mn)량이 0.1중량% 미만이면, 내 소모성의 향상 효과가 감소한다. 또한, 0.50중량%를 넘는다면 망간(Mn)이 내부 산화처리 전에 은(Ag) 합금 중에 편석하고, 내부산화 후에는 조대한 MnO입자를 석출시키고, 그것에 의해 접촉저항 증가 등의 원인이 된다. (도 5, 6)When the amount of manganese (Mn) is less than 0.1% by weight, the effect of improving the consumption resistance decreases. If it exceeds 0.50% by weight, manganese (Mn) will segregate in the silver (Ag) alloy before the internal oxidation treatment, and coarse MnO particles will precipitate after the internal oxidation, thereby causing an increase in contact resistance. (Figures 5 and 6)
은-아연-구리-망간-안티몬(Ag-Zn-Cu-Mn-Sb) 합금을 이용하여 상기한 본 발명의 AgZnO계 전기접점 소재를 제조한 경우에는 개폐 접점으로서 이용할 때의 내 소모성을 또한 향상시킨 것이 가능해 진다.In the case where the AgZnO-based electrical contact material of the present invention was manufactured using the silver-zinc-copper-manganese-antimony (Ag-Zn-Cu-Mn-Sb) alloy, the consumption resistance when using as an open / close contact is also improved. It is possible to make.
안티몬(Sb)은 일반적으로 내부산화에 따라서 AgZnO계 전기접점 소재를 제조하는 경우에 재질의 경도 균일화, 내 용착성 및 내 소모성이 우수한 첨가원소로서 알려져 있다.Antimony (Sb) is generally known as an additive element having excellent hardness uniformity, welding resistance, and consumption resistance when producing AgZnO-based electrical contact materials according to internal oxidation.
이 구리(Cu), 망간(Mn) 및 안티몬(Sb)을 첨가한 AgZnO계 전기접점 소재의 제조방법에 있어서, 아연(Zn)이 5.0~15중량%, 구리(Cu)가 0.1~3.0중량%, 망간(Mn)이 0.1~0.5중량% 그리고 안티몬(Sb)이 0.05~0.5중량%의 범위와 나머지는 은(Ag)을 포함하는 조성으로 하는 것이 타당하다. 보다 바람직한 것은, 아연(Zn)이 7~9중량%, 구리(Cu)가 0.2~0.5중량%, 망간(Mn)이 0.1~0.2중량% 그리고 안티몬(Sb) 0.1~0.3중량% 범위인 것으로 ZnO, 구리(Cu), 망간(Mn) 및 안티몬(Sb)과의 복합적인 작용이 가장 균형이 잡힌 상태가 된다.In the manufacturing method of the AgZnO type electrical contact material which added this copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and antimony (Sb), 5.0-15 weight% of zinc (Zn) and 0.1-3.0 weight% of copper (Cu) Manganese (Mn) is 0.1 to 0.5% by weight and antimony (Sb) is in the range of 0.05 to 0.5% by weight and the rest of the composition containing silver (Ag) is reasonable. More preferably, ZnO is in the range of 7-9 wt% of zinc (Zn), 0.2-0.5 wt% of copper (Cu), 0.1-0.2 wt% of manganese (Mn) and 0.1-0.3 wt% of antimony (Sb). , The complex action with copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and antimony (Sb) is the most balanced state.
안티몬(Sb)량이 0.05중량% 미만이면, 내 용착성 및 내 소모성의 향상 효과가 감소한다. 또한, 0.5중량%를 넘는다면, 안티몬(Sb)이 내부 산화처리 전에 은(Ag) 합금 중에 편석으로 인한 내 용착성 및 내 소모성 향상이 억제되고 그로 인해 접촉저항 증가 등의 원인이 된다. (도 7)When antimony (Sb) amount is less than 0.05 weight%, the improvement effect of welding resistance and abrasion resistance reduces. In addition, if it exceeds 0.5% by weight, antimony (Sb) is prevented from improving the weld resistance and consumption resistance due to segregation in the silver (Ag) alloy before the internal oxidation treatment, thereby causing an increase in contact resistance. (Figure 7)
상기와 같이, 본 발명에 관계되는 AgZnO계 전기접점 소재의 제조방법에 의해 얻을 수 있는 전기접점 소재는 은(Ag) 중의 ZnO의 내부 산화법에서는 미세하고 균일한 분산 상태이기 때문에 우수한 저접촉 저항성을 유지하고 내 용착성, 내 소모성이 향상된다. As described above, the electrical contact material obtained by the method for producing an AgZnO-based electrical contact material according to the present invention maintains excellent low contact resistance because the internal oxidation method of ZnO in silver (Ag) is fine and uniformly dispersed. And weld resistance and wear resistance are improved.
이하, 본 발명의 실시 형태에 관해서 설명한다.EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiment of this invention is described.
(실시예 1)( Example 1 )
아연이 7.5중량%, 구리가 0.3중량%, 나머지는 은을 포함하는 AgZnO계 전기접점 소재를 제조하였다.An AgZnO-based electrical contact material including 7.5 wt% zinc, 0.3 wt% copper, and the remainder of silver was prepared.
(실시예 2)( Example 2 )
아연이 7.5중량%, 구리가 0.3중량%, 망간이 0.1중량%, 나머지는 은을 포함하는 AgZnO계 전기접점 소재를 제조하였다.An AgZnO-based electrical contact material including 7.5% by weight of zinc, 0.3% by weight of copper, 0.1% by weight of manganese, and silver was prepared.
(실시예 3)( Example 3 )
아연이 7.5중량%, 구리가 0.3중량%, 망간이 0.1중량%, 안티몬이 0.15중량%, 나머지는 은을 포함하는 AgZnO계 전기접점 소재를 제조하였다.An AgZnO-based electrical contact material including 7.5 wt% of zinc, 0.3 wt% of copper, 0.1 wt% of manganese, 0.15 wt% of antimony, and the rest was prepared.
구분
division
(HV)Hardness
(HV)
(kgf/㎟)The tensile strength
(kgf / ㎡)
(%)Elongation
(%)
상기 표에서와 같이 본 발명의 실시예 1~3은 AgZnO 전기접점 소재의 합금조성(중량%)을 나타내고 있다. 실시예 1~3에서 나타내는 AgZnO계 전기접점 소재는 아래와 같은 제조방법으로 얻을 수 있다.As shown in the table, Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention represent the alloy composition (% by weight) of the AgZnO electrical contact material. The AgZnO type electrical contact material shown in Examples 1-3 can be obtained by the following manufacturing method.
고주파 용해로를 이용하여 각 조성의 AgZn계 합금을 용해 주조하여 압출 빌렛(billet)을 제작한 후 압출 전 면삭을 실시한다. 압출온도는 650℃에서 Φ6mm 선재로 압출한다. 압출된 선재를 Φ2mm까지 중간 열처리 없이 신선 가공을 하고, Φ2mm, 길이 2mm로 절단하여 칩(chip)으로 제조한다.AgZn-based alloys of each composition are melt-cast using a high-frequency melting furnace to produce an extruded billet, and then pre-extrusion is carried out. Extrusion temperature is extruded into Φ6mm wire rod at 650 ℃. The extruded wire is drawn to Φ2mm without intermediate heat treatment, and cut into Φ2mm and 2mm in length to produce chips.
내부산화 처리는 내부산화 온도 750℃, 산소기압 5kgf/㎠, 내부산화 시간은 48시간으로 한다. 내부산화 처리에 따른 전기접점 소재의 합금조성(중량%)의 변화는 하기 표 2-1과 2-2와 같다.
또한, 하기 표 3에서 보는 바와 같이, 내부산화 온도가 700℃ 이하이면 산화가 불완전하여 그로 인해 접촉저항 증가 및 용착 등의 원인이 된다. 또한, 내부산화 온도가 800℃ 이상이면 은(Ag)이 다량 석출되어 용착 등의 원인이 된다.
전기적 개폐수명시험시
용착의 발생원으로 작용
내부산화한 칩을 모아 냉간, 열간압축 성형하여 Φ100mm의 원주 빌렛을 제조한다. 이때, 냉간압축은 4회(압축 후 열처리 700℃), 열간압축 2회(열간압축 온도 800℃)로 열간압축 성형된 빌렛을 830℃에서 Φ6mm(압출비 318:1)로 열간 압출하여 선재를 제조하고, 압출된 선재를 단면 감소율 20%로 Φ1.5mm로 신선 가공으로 선재를 제조한다. 헤더 머신(Header Machine)으로 두경 3.2㎜, 두고 0.6㎜, 족경 1.6㎜, 족장 2.5㎜의 리벳(Rivet) 접점을 제조한다(도시하지 않음).The internal oxidation treatment was performed at an internal oxidation temperature of 750 ° C., an oxygen pressure of 5 kgf / cm 2, and an internal oxidation time of 48 hours. The change in alloy composition (wt%) of the electrical contact material according to the internal oxidation treatment is shown in Tables 2-1 and 2-2.
In addition, as shown in Table 3 below, when the internal oxidation temperature is 700 ° C. or less, oxidation is incomplete, thereby causing an increase in contact resistance and welding. Moreover, when internal oxidation temperature is 800 degreeC or more, silver (Ag) will precipitate large amount and will cause welding etc.
In case of electrical switch life test
Acts as a source of welding
The internally oxidized chips are collected by cold and hot compression molding to produce a circumferential billet having a diameter of 100 mm. At this time, the cold compression is hot pressed by 4 times (after-heat treatment 700 ℃) and hot compression twice (hot compression temperature 800 ℃) by hot extruding the billet at 830 ℃ to Φ6mm (extrusion ratio 318: 1). The wire rod is manufactured by drawing the extruded wire rod to a diameter of Φ 1.5 mm at a diameter of 20%. Rivet contacts having a head diameter of 3.2 mm, a head diameter of 0.6 mm, a foot diameter of 1.6 mm, and a head length of 2.5 mm are manufactured by a header machine (not shown).
각 조성별 AgZnO 전기접점 소재의 물성에 관해서 설명하면, 물성면에서 경도 및 인장시험 결과는 Zn의 함량 및 첨가 원소의 영향으로 다소 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 이는 실시 예의 ZnO의 미세 분산 효과가 커서 경화되었다는 것을 확인할 수 있다.
하기 표 4에서 보는 바와 같이, 본 발명의 AgZnO 전기접점 소재는 망간(Mn)량이 0.1중량% 이상인 경우 소모량이 급격히 감소하는 개선효과를 얻을 수 있는 반면에, 망간(Mn)량이 0.7중량% 이상이 되는 경우 접촉저항이 급격하게 증가하는 악영향이 나타나는 것을 알 수 있다.
개폐회수 : 500회, 분위기온도 : 실내
접점 규격 : 3.2*0.6+1.6*2.5 R6, ASTM (All In One Tester)
또한, 하기 표 5에서 보는 바와 같이, 본 발명의 AgZnO 전기접점 소재는 안티몬(Sb)함량이 0.01중량% 이하일 경우 소모량 및 용착력의 향상효과가 미비하며, 안티몬(Sb)함량이 0.7중량% 이상일 경우 용착력 증가에 따른 내용착성의 저하가 예상되고, 소모량의 급격한 증가가 발생하며 접촉저항이 급격히 증가하는 결과가 나타났다.
시험 조건 : DC 14V 5A, I.C:50A, 전자LOAD, 개폐빈도 2초 On (I.C Time) 2초 OFF
개폐회수 : 500회, 분위기온도 : 실내
접점 규격 : 3.2*0.6+1.6*2.5 R6, ASTM (All In One Tester)In terms of the physical properties of AgZnO electrical contact materials for each composition, the hardness and tensile test results showed a tendency to increase slightly due to the influence of Zn content and additive elements. This confirms that the microdispersion effect of the ZnO of the embodiment is large and cured.
As shown in Table 4, the AgZnO electrical contact material of the present invention can obtain an improvement effect that the consumption is sharply reduced when the amount of manganese (Mn) is 0.1% by weight or more, while the amount of manganese (Mn) is 0.7% by weight or more In this case, it can be seen that an adverse effect of a sharp increase in contact resistance is observed.
Opening and closing times: 500 times, Atmosphere temperature: Indoor
Contact Size: 3.2 * 0.6 + 1.6 * 2.5 R6, ASTM (All In One Tester)
In addition, as shown in Table 5, when the AgZnO electrical contact material of the present invention has an antimony (Sb) content of 0.01% by weight or less, the effect of improving the consumption and welding power is insufficient, and the antimony (Sb) content is 0.7% by weight or more. In this case, welding resistance was expected to decrease with increasing welding force, and a rapid increase in consumption occurred, resulting in a sharp increase in contact resistance.
Test condition: DC 14V 5A, IC: 50A, electronic LOAD, opening / closing frequency 2 seconds On (IC Time) 2 seconds OFF
Opening and closing times: 500 times, Atmosphere temperature: Indoor
Contact Size: 3.2 * 0.6 + 1.6 * 2.5 R6, ASTM (All In One Tester)
도 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d에서는, 본 발명의 각 실시예에 대한 미세조직을 나타내는 것으로, 도 2a는 기존예, 도 2b는 실시예 1, 도 2c는 실시예 2, 도 2d는 실시예 3을 나타낸다. 따라서, 도 2에 의하면, 산화물의 분산상태가 미세하고 균일하게 분산 되어진 것을 확인할 수 있다.2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D show the microstructures of the embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 2A is a conventional example, FIG. 2B is an example 1, FIG. 2C is an example 2, and FIG. 2D is an example 3. Indicates. Thus, according to Figure 2, it can be seen that the dispersed state of the oxide is fine and uniformly dispersed.
도 3은 본 발명의 실시예(1 ~ 3)에 대한 내구시험 결과 중 내 용착성을 나타낸다. 실시예(1, 2, 3)는 종래의 전기접점인 CdO계와 비교하여도 그 특성이 우수함을 확인할 수 있다.
도 4는 본 발명의 실시예 1의 내부산화온도에 따른 미세조직을 나타내는 것으로, 도 4에 의하면 750℃의 내부산화온도에서 산화물의 분산상태가 미세하고 균일하게 분산 되어진 것을 확인할 수 있다.Figure 3 shows the weld resistance of the endurance test results for Examples (1 to 3) of the present invention. Examples (1, 2, 3) it can be confirmed that the characteristics are excellent even compared to the conventional electrical contact CdO system.
Figure 4 shows the microstructure according to the internal oxidation temperature of Example 1 of the present invention, it can be seen that according to Figure 4 dispersed state of the oxide finely and uniformly at the internal oxidation temperature of 750 ℃.
도 1은 본 발명의 AgZnO 전기접점 소재의 전체 공정 흐름도이다.1 is an overall process flow diagram of an AgZnO electrical contact material of the present invention.
도 2는 본 발명의 AgZnO 전기접점 소재의 미세조직을 나타낸다.Figure 2 shows the microstructure of the AgZnO electrical contact material of the present invention.
도 3은 본 발명의 AgZnO 전기접점 소재의 내구시험 결과 중 내 용착성 결과를 나타낸다.
도 4는 본 발명의 AgZnO 전기접점 소재의 내부산화온도에 따른 미세조직을 나타낸다.
도 5는 본 발명의 AgZnO 전기접점 소재의 Mn 함량에 따른 조직의 변화를 나타낸다.
도 6은 본 발명의 AgZnO 전기접점 소재의 Mn 함량에 따른 특성(소모량 및 접촉저항) 변화를 나타낸다.
도 7은 본 발명의 AgZnO 전기접점 소재의 Sb 함량에 따른 특성(용착력, 소모량 및 접촉저항) 변화를 나타낸다.Figure 3 shows the weld resistance results of the durability test results of the AgZnO electrical contact material of the present invention.
Figure 4 shows the microstructure according to the internal oxidation temperature of the AgZnO electrical contact material of the present invention.
Figure 5 shows the change of the structure according to the Mn content of the AgZnO electrical contact material of the present invention.
Figure 6 shows the change in characteristics (consumption amount and contact resistance) according to the Mn content of the AgZnO electrical contact material of the present invention.
Figure 7 shows the change in properties (welding force, consumption and contact resistance) according to the Sb content of the AgZnO electrical contact material of the present invention.
Claims (6)
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108179297A (en) * | 2018-01-20 | 2018-06-19 | 云南大学 | A kind of new A g-ZnO electrical contact materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN111118332A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-05-08 | 福达合金材料股份有限公司 | Dynamic internal oxidation method for silver-based metal oxide electrical contact material |
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| KR102041103B1 (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-11-27 | 한국생산기술연구원 | Method for manufacturing alloy to enhance dispersibility of high melting metals into low melting metals |
| KR102252067B1 (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-05-17 | 엘티메탈 주식회사 | Method for preparing electrical contact material and electrical contact material prepared by using the same |
| KR102290451B1 (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-08-17 | 박준성 | Method for manufacturing contact material |
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