KR100691295B1 - 복합 마모 부품 - Google Patents
복합 마모 부품 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR100691295B1 KR100691295B1 KR1019997002798A KR19997002798A KR100691295B1 KR 100691295 B1 KR100691295 B1 KR 100691295B1 KR 1019997002798 A KR1019997002798 A KR 1019997002798A KR 19997002798 A KR19997002798 A KR 19997002798A KR 100691295 B1 KR100691295 B1 KR 100691295B1
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- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- ceramic
- composite
- wear part
- composite wear
- pad
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/08—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for building-up linings or coverings, e.g. of anti-frictional metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C15/00—Disintegrating by milling members in the form of rollers or balls co-operating with rings or discs
- B02C15/004—Shape or construction of rollers or balls
- B02C15/005—Rollers or balls of composite construction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/02—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making reinforced articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/06—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for manufacturing or repairing tools
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/107—Refractories by fusion casting
- C04B35/109—Refractories by fusion casting containing zirconium oxide or zircon (ZrSiO4)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/111—Fine ceramics
- C04B35/117—Composites
- C04B35/119—Composites with zirconium oxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
- C04B35/484—Refractories by fusion casting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
- C04B35/486—Fine ceramics
- C04B35/488—Composites
- C04B35/4885—Composites with aluminium oxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/62645—Thermal treatment of powders or mixtures thereof other than sintering
- C04B35/62655—Drying, e.g. freeze-drying, spray-drying, microwave or supercritical drying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/653—Processes involving a melting step
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2210/00—Codes relating to different types of disintegrating devices
- B02C2210/02—Features for generally used wear parts on beaters, knives, rollers, anvils, linings and the like
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12007—Component of composite having metal continuous phase interengaged with nonmetal continuous phase
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/12458—All metal or with adjacent metals having composition, density, or hardness gradient
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/12486—Laterally noncoextensive components [e.g., embedded, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y10T428/22—Nonparticulate element embedded or inlaid in substrate and visible
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Magnetic Heads (AREA)
- Reduction Rolling/Reduction Stand/Operation Of Reduction Machine (AREA)
- Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
- Silicon Polymers (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Dental Preparations (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
지르코늄 산화물은 금속의 팽창 계수에 가까운 팽창 계수를 가지는 장점을 가진다. 또한, 양호한 인성을 제공한다. 즉, 파단의 위험을 줄인다.
Claims (12)
- 주조에 의해 제조되고 작업면이 매우 높은 내마모성을 갖는 삽입물을 포함하는 금속 매트릭스로 이루어진 복합 마모 부품에 있어서, 상기 삽입물은 20 내지 80 중량% Al2O3 및 80 내지 20 중량% ZrO2 의 균질상(homogeneous phase)의 복합재를 포함하는 세라믹 패드로 구성되며, 또한 주조시 상기 패드에 액상 금속이 함침되는 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 마모 부품.
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 삽입물은 0.7㎜ 내지 5.5㎜ 의 입경을 갖는 복합 세라믹 입자의 집합체로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 마모 부품.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 세라믹의 입자는 전기 융해, 소결, 화염분사 또는 2 개의 구성물을 융해할 수 있는 임의의 다른 공정에 의해 제조되는 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 마모 부품.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 세라믹의 입자들은 상기 세라믹 패드의 제조 목적으로 무기 또는 유기 액상 접착제의 도움으로 서로 일체적으로 결합되는 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 마모 부품.
- 제 7 항에 있어서, 상기 패드 내의 접착제의 양은 패드 전체 중량에 대해 4 중량% 를 넘지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 마모 부품.
- 제 1 항에 따른 복합 마모 부품에 있어서, 상기 2개 이상의 세라믹 패드는, 그들 사이의 간격을 10㎜ 로 나란히 배치하여 액상 금속의 도달을 허용하는 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 마모 부품.
- 제 1 항에 따른 복합 마모 부품에 있어서, 상기 세라믹 패드는, 셀이 세라믹상내에서 다각형 또는 원형 형상으로 존재하는 벌집 모양 구조인 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 마모 부품.
- 제 10 항에 있어서, 상기 세라믹상을 구성하는 다양한 셀의 벽 두께는 5 내지 25㎜ 인 것을 특징으로 하는 복합 마모 부품.
- 삭제
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP96202741A EP0838288A1 (fr) | 1996-10-01 | 1996-10-01 | Pièce d'usure composite |
EP962027413 | 1996-10-01 | ||
EP97870099 | 1997-07-04 | ||
EP97870099.5 | 1997-07-04 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020067001837A Division KR20060013699A (ko) | 1996-10-01 | 1997-08-27 | 복합 마모 부품 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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KR20000048806A KR20000048806A (ko) | 2000-07-25 |
KR100691295B1 true KR100691295B1 (ko) | 2007-03-12 |
Family
ID=26143214
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020067001837A Ceased KR20060013699A (ko) | 1996-10-01 | 1997-08-27 | 복합 마모 부품 |
KR1019997002798A Expired - Lifetime KR100691295B1 (ko) | 1996-10-01 | 1997-08-27 | 복합 마모 부품 |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020067001837A Ceased KR20060013699A (ko) | 1996-10-01 | 1997-08-27 | 복합 마모 부품 |
Country Status (23)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US6399176B1 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP0930948B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP2001504036A (ko) |
KR (2) | KR20060013699A (ko) |
CN (1) | CN1114513C (ko) |
AT (1) | ATE195895T1 (ko) |
AU (1) | AU723329B2 (ko) |
BR (1) | BR9712188A (ko) |
CA (1) | CA2266475A1 (ko) |
CZ (1) | CZ294041B6 (ko) |
DE (1) | DE69702988T2 (ko) |
EE (1) | EE9900139A (ko) |
ES (1) | ES2150278T3 (ko) |
HU (1) | HU224208B1 (ko) |
ID (1) | ID17782A (ko) |
MY (1) | MY128314A (ko) |
PL (1) | PL189446B1 (ko) |
PT (1) | PT930948E (ko) |
RU (1) | RU2177389C2 (ko) |
SK (1) | SK284900B6 (ko) |
TR (1) | TR199900645T2 (ko) |
UA (1) | UA46124C2 (ko) |
WO (1) | WO1998015373A1 (ko) |
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- 1997-08-27 WO PCT/EP1997/004762 patent/WO1998015373A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
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