KR100661978B1 - Sewage terminal treatment method and simple sewage terminal treatment plant employing the above method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sewage terminal treatment method and a simple sewage terminal treatment plant employing the above method, the sewage terminal treatment method according to the present invention, the sewage discharged from the home or factory by a water collecting tank (11) having a screen (12) A sewage collection step (S1) for collecting a certain amount of water and at the same time performing a role of filtering solids contained in the sewage; A sludge removal step (S2) of pumping the sewage collected in the sump (11) through a pumping means (P1) to be sent to a sludge adjuster (13) to separate the sludge and water contained in the sewage; Dewatering step (S3) for removing the water contained in the sludge by using the sludge dehydration facility (15) by moving the sludge collected through the sludge adjuster 13 through a conveyor transport device (14); A filtration step (S4) of receiving the sewage separated from the sludge through the sludge adjuster 13 to the filtration tank 16 to remove fine sludge through the screen filter 17 provided on the filtration tank 16; Water treatment material layer (24) for laminating the sewage in the state in which the sludge is removed from the filtration tank 16, the filter sand layers (23, 25, 26) having a natural filtration function, water moss peat, which is a natural organic material, is used as a water treatment material By supplying to the pumping means (P2) in the septic tank 20 comprising a, the organic matter and nutrients contained in the sewage in the septic tank 20 is adsorbed from the peat of the water treatment material layer 24 to be biodegraded by naturally occurring microorganisms As it is characterized in that it comprises a purification step (S5) to purify the sewage.

According to such a sewage terminal treatment method and a simple sewage terminal treatment plant employing the above method, it is possible to effectively remove organic matters, as well as to effectively remove nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, which are major causes of eutrophication and red tide. .

Description

Method of Sewage Treatment And The Simple Sewage Treatment Plants Employing Thereof}

1 is a view showing a water treatment process of the sewage treatment process of the sewage terminal treatment plant according to the prior art,

2 is a view showing a sludge treatment process of the sewage treatment process of the sewage terminal treatment plant according to the prior art,

Figure 3 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of the sewage terminal treatment method according to the present invention and a simple sewage terminal treatment plant performing the method,

4 is a schematic external perspective view of a septic tank performing a purification step of a sewage terminal treatment method according to the present invention;

5 is a view showing a schematic internal configuration of the septic tank shown in FIG. 4 according to the present invention;

6 is an internal cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a septic tank according to the present invention;

Figure 7 is a photographic view showing the real of peat applied to the water treatment material layer constituting the septic tank according to the present invention.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

11: sum tank 12: screen

13: sludge adjuster 14: conveyor conveying device

15: sludge dewatering equipment 16: filter tank

17 screen filter 20 septic tank

21: Septic tank body 21a, 21b: floor case

22: sewage storage space layer 23,25,26: 1st, 2nd, 3rd filtration layer

24: water treatment layer 27: effluent outlet

28: mesh network 29: lid

30,31,32: Euroguide 33: Supply pipe

34: water level detection device 35: moving device

The present invention relates to a sewage terminal treatment method and a simple sewage terminal treatment plant employing the above method, and more specifically, to sewage by a septic tank in which spagnum Peat Moss, a natural organic substance, is applied as a water treatment material as a kind of water moss. By providing a new type of sewage treatment method that includes a purification step to purify, it is possible to effectively remove organic matters and to remove nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, which are the main causes of eutrophication and red tide. A sewage terminal treatment method and a simple sewage terminal treatment plant employing the method.

As is well known, the concentration of population due to urbanization in modern industrial society has led to the generation of large amounts of sewage, which in turn has a serious effect on the environmental state system due to the increase and accumulation of pollution load on the surrounding environment.

In particular, as family life improves, water pollution caused by food waste and synthetic detergents that are inadvertently thrown away, and water pollution due to a surge in septic tanks is increasing, and industrial wastewater flowing out of factories due to rapid economic growth is causing water pollution. It accelerates our lives and threatens our lives.

As the environmental pollution is seriously increased and water pollution is accelerating due to the ever-increasing amount of garbage, pollutants, etc., places where the pollutants can be effectively treated are gradually disappearing, and the treatment is becoming difficult.

The reason for this fact is that there are no more places that can effectively deal with pollutants. This is due to the area of selfishness that the facilities that can deal with garbage and pollutants should not be attracted only in my area.

Here, sewage is a general term for wastewater generated in life, and may be divided into sewage and rainwater.

At this time, the sewage is a household sewage generated in the home, a drainage in a factory or a business place, groundwater, etc. are collected, and rainwater refers to water collected through rainwater drainage roads.

Therefore, the characteristics of sewage are very complicated in quality, and vary depending on the region, and the characteristics of the sewage are changed depending on whether the sewage and rainwater are collected together or separately.

In addition, quantitative and qualitative changes will be made depending on the regional characteristics of the treatment area, size, human lifestyle, factory operation, time zone, day of the week, and season.

As described above, sewage treatment is performed for the purpose of removing contaminants contained in sewage having various characteristics.

In particular, it is the time to make an effort to recover the environment safely by cleaning the dirt or dirty water through sewage treatment.

Here, the sewage treatment for the purpose of removing contaminants contained in the sewage may be classified into primary treatment, secondary treatment, tertiary treatment and advanced treatment according to the treatment method.

In this case, the primary treatment is a method for physically removing suspended substances or sedimentary substances in the sewage, screening facilities and sedimentation facilities are used, and usually the process from the sewage treatment plant to the initial settler.

In addition, in the secondary treatment, chemical treatment and biological treatment technology are introduced to create a condition in which biological treatment may be easily performed or organic matter is treated.

In addition, the tertiary treatment is a technique for treating nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), which is a eutrophic agent, and chemical and biological treatment techniques have been introduced.

In particular, advanced treatment techniques use physical, chemical, and biological treatment techniques to improve the quality of the treated water.

These advanced treatment objectives are being introduced to secure public water quality in clean areas or to reuse treated water.

On the other hand, the government or local governments are making various types of sewage treatment plants in each region in relation to sewage treatment.

In particular, sewage dissemination rate calculated by dividing the sewage treatment population in sewage treatment areas treated through public sewage treatment facilities, wastewater treatment facilities and village sewerage, based on the population living in the administrative area as of the end of 2003. It is 78.8%, 242 places operating nationwide, facility capacity is 20,884,745 tons / day, and village sewerage is 878 places, 69,443 tons / day.

The sewage treatment process through the sewage treatment facility as described above is largely divided into a water treatment process and a sludge treatment process.

Here, FIG. 1 shows a conventional water treatment process, and FIG. 2 shows a sludge treatment process.

That is, as shown in Figure 1, the conventional water treatment process is the assumption (1) → solids removal step (2) → pumping step (3) → initial precipitation step (4) → aeration step (5) → final precipitation step ( 6) → discharge step (7).

At this time, the secondary sewage treatment is usually adopted in the municipal sewage treatment, the influent sewage to filter the contaminants by the screen, and is removed by sedimentation of sand or inorganic particles with a particle diameter of 0.2 mm or more in the solids removal step (2).

That is, the solids removal step (2) is a dead space due to the deposition of sediments that can be caused in the subsequent water treatment process and sludge treatment process by removing the soil, contaminants, etc. contained in the inflow sewage through the sedimentation in advance Its purpose is to prevent failures due to abrasion of pump facilities and to prevent the pipes from closing.

The initial precipitation step (4) is a post-treatment by removing the suspended solids (SS; Suspended Solid) in the introduced sewage, and by removing the biological oxygen demand (BOD) caused by the suspended solids (SS) The purpose of initial precipitation is to reduce process load and increase treatment efficiency.

That is, the initial settling step (4) is a step of removing the suspended solids by gravity settling through the first settling plant, reducing the load of the biological treatment process, reducing the capacity of the post-treatment plant, and stable operation costs. The purpose is to.

The aeration step (5) is aimed at sedimentation and separation of sludge and treated water in the final sedimentation battery by forming a flocculant with good floc by adsorbing and decomposing organic matter contained in the influent sewage.

That is, in the aeration step 5, by aeration of the effluent water of the initial settling step 4 together with the microorganisms through the aeration tank, it is a step of decomposing and removing organic substances by metabolism of the microorganisms.

The final settling step (6) is to obtain a clean effluent by solid-liquid separation of the activated sludge and the treated water produced in the organic matter removal process of the aeration tank.

As such, microorganisms and sewage are solid-liquid separated through the final sedimentation stage in the final sedimentation step (6), and the supernatant is discharged. The precipitated sludge is returned to some of the aeration tanks and used to maintain the concentration of microorganisms, and the rest is passed through the sludge treatment facility. Will be dealt with.

When the water treatment process having the characteristics of each step described in more detail and sequentially, first, the sewage discarded in each home (1), etc. come to the sewage treatment plant through the sewer.

At this time, the soil, sand, and various debris come with the sewage is filtered out of the settlement of the solids removal step (2).

That is, in the solids removing step (2), a material having a large specific gravity such as stone fragments and sand is precipitated, and substances floating in water such as plastic bottles and vinyl are filtered out through the screen.

In particular, most sewage treatment plants have screen sizes of crude wood screens of 60 to 150 mm and fine screens of 15 to 25 mm.

Thus, in the solids removal step (2) to remove the contaminants such as trash, wood chips, hair, etc. contained in the influent sewage to protect the piping and pump machine in the post-treatment process and to prevent the trash from spilled into the discharge water. Will be.

Then, after removing the solids in the sewage from the settlement of the solids removing step (2) is sent to the inlet pump station performing the pumping step (3).

At this time, the inflow pumping station is provided with a pump facility for the water supply to the initial settling step (4), in the pumping step (3) the head for the next process of the sewage flows naturally flowing into the solids removal step (2) (pressure In order to obtain), a pump is used to pump the sewage introduced into the high place.

In other words, the pumping step (3) is to be sent to the first settling step (4) equipped with the first settler facility to settle the sewage first by pumping the sewage through a large pump.

In the initial settling step (4) serves to precipitate the fine particles in the sewage while the sewage stays for several hours.

In particular, in the initial settling step 4, an initial settler is provided, and in the first settler, the floating material floating on the surface is removed using a scraper.

Initial settling step (4) to perform the above role is divided into inlet and sedimentation, sludge storage, and outlet.

In the inlet portion to disperse the power of the sewage, in the sedimentation portion precipitates.

At this time, the precipitate is called raw sludge (sludge), it is sent to the concentration step (8) of the sludge treatment process described later to go through the sludge treatment process.

Then, the sewage treated by sedimentation in the initial settling stage 4 is sent to the aeration stage 4 at the outflow part to be treated through biological treatment.

Typically, in the initial sedimentation step (4), while the sewage stays for about 2 to 3 hours, biological oxygen demand (BOD) is usually removed by 30%, and suspended solids (SS) by about 35%.

In particular, the settling efficiency depends on the type of sewage network, the generation period of the sewage, and the degree of grinding before sedimentation.

The initial settling step (4) is to facilitate the function of the subsequent process, it is very important in water quality management to discharge the sludge properly.

In addition, as described above, the aeration step 5 serves to process the organic material contained in the sewage through the aeration tank, and the aeration tank supplies a large amount of air to multiply the microorganisms (bacteria).

Normally, oxygen in the air rapidly grows aerobic microorganisms, and the multiplied microorganisms oxidize and decompose organic matter, which is the main pollutant in sewage.

At this time, the more oxygen and organic matter contained in the sewage, the better the microorganisms breed and the multiplied microorganisms decompose the organic matter and sink with the residue.

Then, the precipitated microbial mass and some of the oxidized, decomposed and adsorbed mass are transferred to the aeration tank (return sludge), used to oxidize and decompose newly introduced organic substances, and the remaining (surplus sludge) is sent to the sludge treatment process. Will be processed.

The final sedimentation step (6) is a step of finally sedimentation of the sewage treated in the aeration step (5), the final sedimentation step (6) has a final sedimentation facility similar to the initial sedimentation step (4), but The initial settling step 4 mainly removes suspended solids (SS), whereas the final settling step (6) mainly removes biological oxygen demand (BOD).

That is, the microorganism group in which the organic matter is decomposed and the organic matter (HOC) is formed in the aeration tank of the aeration step 5 enters the final settler of the final precipitation step 6 and sinks.

At this time, if the microbial group does not sink well, the treatment efficiency of the treated water is lowered, so in the final settling step (6) to sink the microbial mass well, and send it back to the aeration tank of the aeration step (5) of organic matter It is used for oxidation and decomposition.

Then, the remaining sludge (surplus sludge) sent to the aeration step (5) is sent to the concentration step (8) to undergo a sludge treatment process, and discharges only the supernatant (clear water) that is cleanly treated.

The discharge step 7 is a final step of treating the sewage through the discharge facility provided in the discharge pumping station and then sending the treated water to the public water.

In the discharge step (7), the chlorine injector and the mixing device (discharge contact) in the discharge pump station to remove the harmful bacteria, sterilization and odor removal, corrosion control, biological oxygen demand (BOD) in the treated water discharged into the public water (7) It is equipped with disinfection equipment composed of tank and discharger.

As such, in the discharge step (7), a sufficient amount of chlorine is injected to sterilize the sewage and discharged after 15 minutes in the presence of about 0.5 mg / L residual chlorine, which is 100% sterilization unlike purification. Since there is a report that residual chlorine is present in the discharged water (treatment water) and adversely affects the ecosystem of the river, it is common to stop the sterilization by chlorine recently.

Thus, the supernatant water after the sewage treatment of the discharge step (7) is discharged to less than 20ppm biological oxygen demand (BOD), 20ppm suspended solids (SS).

In particular, the quality of the effluent varies according to the degree of treatment, and the amount of effluent varies depending on the season, time, and the like.

In addition, as shown in Figure 2, the sludge treatment process is separated from the water treatment process in the order of the initial settling step (4) → concentration step (8) → digestion step (9) → dehydration step (10) in order Is done.

That is, sludge generated in the initial settling step 4 during the water treatment process (sludge) is sent to the concentration step (8).

As such, sludge is generated in the process of sewage through the settling basin in the solids removal step (2), the initial settling step of the initial settling step (4), the aeration tank of the aeration step (5), and the final settling step of the final settling step (6). , The sludge is to be sent to the concentration tank of the concentration step (8).

The concentration step (8) is a step to increase the concentration by reducing the solid sludge (sludge) and surplus sludge (sludge) through the concentration tank, reducing the sludge volume, the raw sludge of the initial settling step (4), the final Surplus sludge in the precipitation step (6) is concentrated by gravity precipitation method.

Since the sludge is an inevitable by-product from the sewage treatment process, the sewage treatment plant should reduce the sludge to a minimum. In the concentration tank of the concentration step (8), the water is reduced to 97 to 99.2%.

At this time, the sludge enrichment situation has a great influence on the overall effect of the sludge treatment plant, and the separation liquid also requires sufficient management because it affects the water treatment plant.

And, the sludge (sludge) concentrated in the concentration tank of the concentration step (8) is sent to the digestion tank of the digestion step (9).

The digestion step (9) is a step of chemically treating the sludge concentrated in the concentration step (8) in the digester, by heating and stirring the sludge in a closed tank (digestion tank), the organic matter of the sludge is decomposed by-products And methane gas will come out.

In the digestion step 9 performing such a role, an aerobic digester or anaerobic digester capable of treating sludge by decomposing organic matter by the action of microorganisms is provided.

At this time, the aerobic digester is easy to operate, there is little smell, there is an advantage that the biological oxygen demand (BOD), suspended solids (SS) concentration of the treated water is low.

In addition, the anaerobic digester does not need a power facility in a small scale can be a continuous treatment, easy to maintain, obtain useful methane gas (CH ₄ ), and can kill pathogens and parasites eggs have.

That is, the methane gas generated in the digestion step 9 is used as its own fuel (generator, boiler) to help resource recycling.

The basic digester mainly uses anaerobic digestion, a method of treating sludge by blocking oxygen, thereby minimizing and stabilizing secondary pollution afterwards by reducing the content of organic matter.

In general, when an organic substance is decomposed under anaerobic conditions, anaerobic bacteria or microorganisms use oxygen in organic substances and oxygen in compounds such as nitrites, nitrates, and sulfates, and methane, hydrogen sulfide, and carbon dioxide are generated as by-products.

In addition, in the basic digester, heating and stirring are performed to increase the extinguishing efficiency.

Anaerobic digestion of the sludge through the basic digestion tank as described above not only makes the sludge stable and easy to treat, but also reduces the sludge capacity and makes the sludge safe in hygiene, and the generated digestion gas has the advantage of being used as fuel.

In this case, in the digestion tank of the digestion step 9, the sludge is usually kept for about 30 days, thereby killing unnecessary bacteria and reducing solids.

In addition, methane gas is generated in the digestion process of the extinguishing step 9, and the odor of sludge is removed.

Of course, in the digester of the digestion step (9) is separated into digestion sludge and desorption liquid is sent to each sludge dewatering facility and water treatment facility.

The sludge in the digestion tank of the digestion step (9) for more than 30 days is sent to the dehydration step (10) to completely remove the moisture and then landfill.

That is, the dewatering step 10 is equipped with a sludge dewatering facility such as a pressure filter for removing the water of the sludge.

As a result, sludge produced as a result of sewage treatment is large in volume and high in moisture, and thus liquid is almost impossible to dispose as it is.

Therefore, the sludge dehydration facility such as a pressure filter combined with filtration and compression is used to dehydrate the cake onto a sludge moisture content of about 80% or less, thereby reducing sludge capacity and making it easier to carry out, transport and dispose of.

At this time, in the dehydration step (10) it is to promote the solidification by administering the flocculant to the sludge.

In other words, the sludge has a strong affinity with water, so if it is directly supplied to the filter, the dehydration effect is extremely bad. Therefore, the dehydrating property is improved by adding a suitable chemical (coagulant).

Usually, the surface of the sludge colloidal fine particles is electrically charged with (-) and repulsed with each other.However, when a flocculant (usually using a cation polymer) is added, the sludge is charged to (+) by hydrolysis. Neutralized.

At this time, the method of solidifying the sludge includes natural drying, vacuum filtration, centrifugal separation, etc., but most domestic sewage treatment plants are using a belt press method.

The solid sludge produced through the dehydration step 10 is called an on-cake and is landfilled in a landfill.

The biological treatment methods used in the above treatment systems are mainly classified into sedimentary and adherent biological methods according to the type of aeration tank, the operation method and the state of the microorganisms, and the biological treatment methods currently used are standard active. Activate sludge method, Oxidation ditch method, Trickling filter method, Rotated biological contactor.

Here, the standard activated sludge method is the most commonly used method of sewage treatment.

Generally, when aeration of sewage is performed, aerobic microorganisms are propagated using organic substances in the sewage to form cohesive flocs.

This is called "activated sludge" and is constituted as aerobic bacteria, protozoa, welfare animals and inorganic, organic abiotic sludge.

The activated sludge method refers to treating sewage using such activated sludge.

That is, when activated sludge is mixed with sewage in an aerobic state, organic matter in the sewage is adsorbed to activated sludge, and is oxidized and assimilated by microorganisms forming sludge to decompose, liquefy, and gasify, and convert some activated sludge.

Here, the activated sludge method is performed in a sewage treatment plant composed of a primary settling cell, an aeration tank (active sludge tank), a secondary settling cell, and a sludge conveying facility.

At this time, the sewage is dissolved in the aeration tank after the solids are removed from the primary sedimentation cell is converted to cytoplasm by activated sludge.

Then, the activated sludge is solid-liquid separated in the secondary sedimentation basin and the supernatant is discharged, otherwise it is highly treated.

In particular, part of the separated activated sludge is returned and the remainder is treated as excess sludge.

As such, removal of soluble organic substances by activated sludge process can be summarized into three stages: adsorption (biological coagulation), mass metabolism, and solid-liquid separation.

At this time, the adsorption is a phenomenon in which a large amount of biological oxygen demand (BOD) is removed in a short time (20-30 minutes) when the sewage comes into contact with activated sludge, and the sewage is repeatedly adsorbed several times while flowing in the activated sludge tank. Purified

The adsorbed organic material is used as a nutrient source of the microorganism, but the decomposition of the adsorbed organic material to obtain the energy necessary for the growth of the microorganism is called oxidation, and the assimilation of synthesizing new cells of the microorganism using the energy obtained by the oxidation. It is called.

In the standard activated sludge method, depending on the inflow water quality and treatment conditions, 35 → 40% of biological oxygen demand (BOD) removal is used for oxidation and 60 → 65% for assimilation.

In particular, when organic matter in sewage is reduced, microorganisms oxidize their cellular material to obtain energy for life, which is called endogenous breathing.

As described above, there are various biological treatment methods applied to the water treatment process of the sewage treatment plant in the sewage treatment plant. As described above, the standard activated sludge method is commonly used.

However, sewage treatment by activated sludge method, which has been applied in sewage treatment plants, has the advantage of being effective in removing organic matter and suspended solids, but it removes nutrients such as total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) from organic matter. There was a problem in that there was some limitation.

In general, sewage is practically impossible to completely remove contaminants even after the above secondary treatment.

That is, even after treating the sewage by the secondary treatment, various kinds of inorganic ions, organic substances, nutrients, and the like are discharged into the discharge water, so that the water quality improvement effect of the discharge water is not so great. There was this.

In particular, representative nutrients such as nitrogen (T-N), total phosphorus (T-P), and the like as the outflow into the discharge water includes eutrophication and red tide.

In addition, nutrients, such as sewage nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP), promote the growth of algae and aquatic plants in enclosed waters, leading to a decrease in the self-cleaning capacity of the effluent due to depletion of dissolved oxygen (DO). As a result, eutrophication and red tide appear.

Therefore, nutrients such as nitrogen (T-N) and total phosphorus (T-P) contained in organic matter must be removed for ultimate water quality improvement.

To this end, in the case of sewage treatment facilities using the existing standard activated sludge method, by installing an additional tertiary treatment facility in addition to the secondary treatment process, the organic treatment of the carbonaceous BOD component is effectively removed through the secondary treatment process, It is to effectively remove nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), which are the main causes of eutrophication and red tide, through the third process.

However, as the third treatment facility is additionally installed as described above, there are problems in that additional cost burden occurs in various economic aspects such as construction cost and maintenance cost.

For example, in the case of a simple sewage treatment plant in a village having about 200 to 400 households, it is known that it is desirable to have a facility scale capable of treating about 100 tons (t) of sewage per day.

By the way, in the construction of a simple sewage treatment plant in a village having 200 to 400 households, sewage having a facility scale capable of treating about 100 tons (t) of sewage per day by the standard activated sludge method. The construction of the terminal treatment plant had a disadvantage in that the economic burden was very large to equip additional tertiary treatment facilities.

That is, in the case of sewage treatment plants using the standard activated sludge method, the primary sedimentation cell, the aeration tank (active sludge tank), the secondary sedimentation cell, and the sludge conveying facility should be basically provided. Considering the economic aspects such as cost and maintenance cost, the efficiency was not only lowered, but also a disadvantaged facility such as aeration tank was not able to become friendly to the residents, so it was likely to encounter exclusive regional selfishness. .

In particular, since the necessity of additional installation up to the third treatment facility to remove nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, as mentioned above, there is a problem that the facility size of the simplified sewage treatment plant is not only large, but also economical.

In addition, in the case of sewage terminal treatment plants using the standard activated sludge method of breeding aerobic microorganisms through the aeration tank (active sludge tank) to remove organic matter, the treated water quality depends on the appropriate culture conditions of the microorganisms, thereby improving the treatment efficiency. One of the most important factors is how effectively the aeration tank can be improved.

Therefore, there is a problem in that it requires a lot of know-how based on the accumulated experience in maintaining the facility, and the maintenance is difficult when such know-how is not accumulated.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to provide a new type of sewage terminal treatment method to improve the problems of the sewage terminal treatment plant using the conventional standard activated sludge method as described above, the object of the present invention is a kind of water moss natural organic material By providing a new type of sewage treatment method, which includes a purification step by a septic tank applied with phosphorus peat as a water treatment material, it can effectively remove organic matter, as well as nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, which are major causes of eutrophication and red tide. It is to provide a sewage treatment method that can be removed more effectively.

In addition, the present invention in the septic tank that can effectively remove organic matter as well as nutrients while eliminating the aeration step to remove the organic matter by using the aeration tank according to the standard activated sludge method mainly used in the sewage treatment process in the conventional sewage treatment plant. By providing a simple sewage terminal treatment plant adopting a new type of sewage terminal treatment method, the facility for the above-described tertiary treatment process becomes unnecessary, and the size of the septic tank itself is relatively small, which is preferable in terms of securing an installation site. It is easy to maintain due to the easy maintenance of small-scale maintenance organization and maintenance technology for facilities, and provides a new type of simple sewage treatment plant that has excellent economic efficiency due to the reduction of construction cost and maintenance cost. Its purpose is to.

As described above, the present invention uses peat, which is a natural organic material, as a water treatment material applied to the septic tank, so that the reliability of the water treatment is high, and energy saving is achieved by a purification method using natural pressure. It is possible to provide a sewage terminal treatment method and a simple sewage terminal treatment plant employing the above method, which has the advantage of being resident-friendly and very environmentally friendly.

Sewage treatment method according to the present invention for achieving the above object, the sewage collection step of performing a role of filtering the solids contained in the sewage by a collecting tank equipped with a screen and at the same time collecting a certain amount of sewage; A sludge removal step of pumping the sewage collected in the water collection tank through a pumping means and sending the sludge to the sludge regulator to separate the sludge and water contained in the sewage; A dewatering step of removing the water contained in the sludge by using a sludge dehydration facility by moving the sludge collected through the sludge adjuster through a conveyor conveying apparatus; A filtration step of receiving the sludge separated from the sludge through the sludge adjuster and removing fine sludge through a screen filter provided on the filtration tank; The septic tank by supplying the sewage in which the fine sludge is removed from the filtration tank to a pumping means in a septic tank including a filtration sand layer having a natural filtration function, and a water treatment material layer laminated with peat moss, which is a natural organic material, and used as a water treatment material. It is achieved by providing a sewage treatment method comprising a purification step of adsorbing organic matter and nutrients contained in sewage in peat of the water treatment material layer to be biodegraded by naturally occurring microorganisms to purify and discharge the sewage.

At this time, the water (sewage) discharged from the sludge dewatered through the sludge dehydration equipment in the dewatering step is preferably collected and transferred to the filtration tank to go through the filtration step.

Water peat peat, which is deposited on the water treatment material layer in the septic tank of the purification step, is a kind of water moss produced and supplied in the Elbert region of 48 ° north, and has a unique fibrous porous cell structure. It has a strong adsorption capacity of 8.3 to 10 times its own weight by the action, encapsulates the adsorbed material, and does not re-release without the external pressure of 4 bar or more, and it is a host of naturally occurring microorganisms. It is desirable to use peat from natural organic materials that have been researched and developed to have nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus adsorbed through the function so that microorganisms can be biodegraded in nature.

In particular, the simplified sewage terminal treatment plant according to the present invention to which the sewage terminal treatment method as described above is equipped with a screen for collecting a certain amount of sewage discharged from a home or a factory and at the same time filtering the solids contained in the sewage. A sump tank; A sludge adjuster for separating and treating the sludge contained in the sewage and water by pumping the sewage collected in the sump through a pumping means; A sludge dewatering system for removing the water contained in the sludge by transferring the sludge collected through the sludge adjuster to a conveyor conveying apparatus; A filtration tank having a screen filter for receiving fine sludge contained in the sewage by receiving sewage separated from the sludge through the sludge adjuster; Natural filtration of the sewage flowing down in a natural dropping manner so that the sewage in the filtration tank is supplied through a pumping means to adsorb organic substances and nutrients contained in the sewage and biodegraded by naturally occurring microorganisms to purify and discharge the sewage. The water treatment material layer used as a water treatment material by stacking a filter sand layer having a function and water moss peat, which is a natural organic material, is characterized in that it comprises a septic tank having a layer structure of at least three stages.

Particularly, the septic tank used for the simple sewage treatment plant according to the present invention divides the inside of the septic tank body forming the exterior into a predetermined region, and then stores the sewage supplied from the filtration tank at the top of one side of the septic tank. Prepare a sewage storage space layer that flows through, the first filtration yarn layer consisting of filtration yarns sequentially below the sewage storage space layer, and the water treatment material layer to be used as a water treatment material by laminating peat of water as a natural organic material, and filtration The second filtration yarn layer composed of yarns is arranged to have a minimum three-layered stratified structure, and the flow rate between the three filtration layers composed of only one filtration yarn is arranged in a forward direction arranged to have the lowest three-layered layered structure. Arrange a plurality of flow guides having a function of controlling at regular intervals and the front of the flow guide The discharge water outlet to discharge water stocked in the outer peripheral surface on one side of the Garden main body has a structure provided.

At this time, the filtration sand constituting the first, second, third filtration sand layer is at least one of the material having a natural filtration function, such as silica sand (commonly, sand), granulated ocher, activated carbon, the size is 0.8 It is preferred to be in the form of granules with an even specification within ˜2 mm.

In addition, the septic tank body is preferably provided with a water level detection device for detecting the water level for adjusting the water supply level of the sewage supplied through the pumping means from the filtration tank.

On the other hand, the first filtration yarn layer and the water treatment material layer disposed in a layered structure inside the septic tank body is made of a layered case that can be separated from each other by modularizing each layer, the bottom surface of each layer case can pass through the filter sand or water treatment material It can be formed in a mesh network structure of the absence of state.

Hereinafter, the sewage terminal treatment method according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 3 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of the sewage terminal treatment method according to the present invention and a simple sewage terminal treatment plant performing the method, Figure 4 is a septic tank performing a purification step of the sewage terminal treatment method according to the present invention Figure 5 is a schematic external perspective view, Figure 5 is a view showing a schematic internal configuration of the septic tank shown in Figure 4 according to the present invention, Figure 6 is an internal cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the septic tank according to the present invention, Figure 7 is Figure is a photograph showing the real of peat applied to the water treatment material layer constituting the septic tank according to the present invention.

As shown in Figure 3, the sewage terminal treatment method according to the present invention is largely sewage collection step (S1), sludge removal step (S2), dehydration step (S3), filtration step (S4), purification step (S5) Can be divided into

Here, the sewage collection step (S1) is to collect and collect a certain amount of sewage discharged from the home or factory by the water collection tank (11) and at the same time serves to filter out the solids contained in the sewage, smooth of the subsequent treatment process Its purpose is to enable progress.

In other words, the sewage collection step (S1) is the sewage discharged from the home or factory is collected in the sewage tank 11 through the sewer, and the solids such as soil, sand, various wastes with sewage in the sewage tank (11) It is the initial stage that is first filtered out.

That is, in the sump 11, materials having a high specific gravity such as stone fragments and sand are precipitated, and substances floating in water such as plastic bottles and vinyl are filtered out through the screen 12.

At this time, the water collecting tank 11 according to the present invention is a facility scale installed in a simple sewage treatment plant in a village having a household number of about 200 to 400, the scale capable of sewage treatment up to 100 tons (ton) per day. If desired, the sump 11 preferably has a water collection capacity of approximately 1/5 (about 20 tons) of the sewage treatment per day.

In particular, the role of the sump 11, the sewage generated in the village unit does not always occur constantly but occurs very irregularly, of course, because the amount of generation can only vary by thousand, through the sump 11 The sewage is collected to a certain level, and then the collected sewage is sent to the next process, so that the next process can proceed smoothly.

At this time, the standard of the sump tank 11 presented above is presented as one preferred embodiment, and is not limited to the standard, such as sewage treatment capacity, rainy season and dry season required for a day of a simple sewage treatment plant. By considering the overall local situation, such as seasonal weather conditions and average sewage generation, it is obvious that the design will be appropriately designed by examining various variables.

In addition, the screen 12, which is to be installed in the water collecting tank 11, is preferably installed at a crude screen of 60 to 150 mm and a fine screen of 15 to 25 mm, similarly to that used in a conventional sewage treatment plant.

In this way, the sewage collection step (S1) is to remove the soil, contaminants, etc. contained in the influent sewage through the water collecting tank 11 in advance to reduce the load of the subsequent treatment process, to reduce the facility capacity of the subsequent treatment facility and to stabilize the operating cost. It provides a water treatment process that can increase the treatment efficiency through savings.

The sewage, which is collected in the water collecting tank 11 and undergoes the sewage collecting step S1, is pumped through the pumping means P1 to undergo a sludge removal step S2.

At this time, it is preferable that a pump of a screw type is used as the pumping means P1.

The reason for using the screw type pump among these many types of pumps is that the solids contained in the sewage in the sump 11 are primarily removed by sedimentation and the screen 12, but the sewage still contains a lot of sludge. Therefore, by pumping the sewage using a screw-type pump with a relatively low risk of failure due to sludge, it is to minimize the pump failure in the sewage pumping process.

Thus, the sewage pumped through the pumping means (P1) is subjected to a sludge removal step (S2), in the sludge removal step (S2) to separate the sludge and water contained in the sewage through the sludge adjuster (13). do.

At this time, the sludge adjuster 13 is discharged through the plurality of fine holes formed in the outer circumferential surface of the rotating cylinder while the sewage passes through the rotating cylinder, the sludge is continuously collected in the remaining state in the rotating cylinder and discharged to the side It is a water treatment device having a structure that can be.

Then, the sludge collected through the sludge adjuster 13 is moved to a separate place through the conveyor transporting device 14 or the like and is landfilled through the dewatering step S3 using the sludge dewatering facility 15.

At this time, the sludge dewatering facility 15 is preferably a pressure filter combined with filtration and compression, such as a belt press is widely used in sewage treatment plants in our country.

At this time, the sludge dewatering facility (15) itself for dewatering and reclaiming the sludge is one of the facilities necessary in a conventional sewage treatment plant, and solidify the sludge and minimize the size of the sludge, so that it is easy to transport and landfill. Techniques for doing so are already well tolerated and commonplace.

Thus, the sludge dewatering process itself in the present invention employs conventional techniques as they are.

Therefore, in the present invention, the specific equipment and specific working process of the dehydration step (S3) for dewatering such sludge will be omitted.

On the other hand, when the sludge separated through the sludge adjuster 13 is transferred to the sludge dewatering facility 15 as described above to go through the dehydration step (S3), the water separated from the sludge by the sludge adjuster 13 (Sewage) is sent to the filtration tank 16 as it is going through the filtration step (S4).

At this time, the water generated in the sludge dehydration process in the dehydration step (S3) is also collected again and sent to the filtration tank (16).

In other words, the filtration step (S4) through the filtration tank 16 is to remove the fine sludge contained in the sewage before the sewage is purified in the septic tank 20 to be described later to maximize the purification efficiency in the septic tank 20 As a step, the fine sludge is removed to about 90-95%.

This filtration step (S4) is performed by the screen filter 17 provided on the filtration tank 16, the screen filter 17 has a non-woven fabric that can remove even the very fine sludge contained in the sewage Has the function.

At this time, the sludge filtered by the screen filter 17 itself is not only fine but also the amount of the filtering itself is relatively small, gathered together during the cleaning and replacement process of the screen filter 17 and dried by natural drying. After the landfill treatment with the sludge solidified through the dehydration step (S3).

In addition, the filtration tank 16 is formed on a relatively small scale compared to the collection tank 11, and the septic tank 20 for collecting the sewage in the state of filtering the fine sludge through the screen filter 17 to perform the next step. It will act as a water tank to supply sewage.

Thus, the sewage removed to the fine sludge through the filtration step (S4) in the filtration tank 16 is pumped through the pumping means (P2) to perform the purification step (S5) of the final step of the sewage treatment process of the present invention It is sent to the septic tank 20.

Here, the septic tank 20 is a facility for performing the most important purification step (S5) of the facility for performing the sewage treatment method according to the present invention, the schematic configuration of the septic tank 20 is shown in Figures 4 and 5 It is.

That is, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the septic tank 20 is capable of biodegrading the organic matter in a natural state by naturally occurring microorganisms in the encapsulated by adsorbing organic matter, such as nutrients contained in the sewage. It has a configuration that includes a water treatment material made of natural organic materials.

Looking at this in more detail, the septic tank 20 partitions the inside of the septic tank body 21 forming the exterior into a predetermined area, and then stores the sewage supplied from the filtration tank 16 at the top of one side of the septic tank. The sewage storage space layer 22 which flows through a drop method is provided, and the first filtration yarn layer 23 composed of filtration sands sequentially below the sewage storage space layer 22 and the water treatment material layer 24 composed of water treatment materials. The second filtration yarn layer 25 composed of filtration yarns is disposed to have a minimum three-layered stratification structure, and the third filtration yarn layer 26 composed of only one filtration yarn is disposed in a forward direction arranged to have the lowest three-layered layer structure. At the same time, a plurality of flow guides (30, 31, 32) having a function of adjusting the flow rate are arranged at regular intervals.

Here, as shown in Figure 4, the septic tank body 21 has a shape structure of the shape of a substantially needle-shaped when viewed from the side, each upper surface of the septic tank body 21 has an open structure. .

In addition, one side of the septic tank main body 21 is provided with a discharge water discharge port 27 for discharging the effluent purified in the septic tank main body 21.

At this time, the installation position of the discharge water outlet 27 is the sewage flows into the first filtration layer 23 from the sewage storage space layer 22 and flows down the water treatment material layer 24 and the second filtration layer 25. In the process of passing through the third filtration layer 26 after filtration and purification, the flow path of the septic tank 20 configured to be naturally discharged while the flow rate is controlled again is naturally filtered to the foremost side of the septic tank body 21. It would be desirable to be located.

In addition, the opened upper surface of the septic tank body 21 may be left as it is, but may be more preferably formed in an open / close structure through a separate lid 29.

On the other hand, as the water treatment material used in the water treatment material layer 24 is used as a water organic peat moss (sphagnum peat moss).

The peagum peat moss is one of a variety of peat moss of approximately 63 species.

In other words, commonly known peat (PEAT MOSS) refers to the accumulation of aquatic vegetation, moss, reeds, etc. of plants in the swamps over time, partly eroded and accumulated, depending on the generation and erosion, side leaves, peat, It is called peat and peat.

Such peat (PEAT MOSS) is a biochemical change (corrosion) of fungi in the presence of water due to thick deposits of moss, reeds, forage plants such as forage, or woody fluids such as pine and gardenia. It is a kind of coal that is not completely carbonized from 4 layers of neonatal zone. It is known as an object produced in cold and high cold and wet areas containing about 50% of carbon. It is known as a natural organic material that is applied in various industrial fields such as being used as a mixed material of organic fertilizers and adsorption filtration agents because it has a characteristic of binding property and is mainly used in the land of flower crops.

Particularly, peat moss has a wide range of distribution areas, and there are about 63 types of peat moss, and it is known that there are some differences in the components contained in peat and the composition ratios of each component. have.

Among these peat moss having various distribution areas, peat (sphagnum peat moss) used as a water treatment material of the present invention is a natural organic substance which is a kind of water moss, which is produced and supplied at 48 ° north Albert I'm using one.

That is, the peat (sphagnum peat moss) is applied to the present invention, the water moss, which was native to the cold marshes such as lakes, swamps, etc. thousands of years ago in the Elbert region of Canada, repeatedly died on the surface of the earth It is a natural organic substance produced through chemical change.

In particular, the peat (sphagnum peat moss) applied to the present invention has a unique fibrous porous cell structure, the fibrous porous cell structure has a strong adsorption capacity of 8.3 to 10 times the self-weight basis by capillary action, Water moss adsorbent by Dr. Donald of Canada to encapsulate the material so that it has the ability to be biodegraded by naturally occurring microorganisms without being non-leaching without an external pressure of more than 4 bar. Peat Sorb (trade name) was developed using (Sphagnum Peat Moss Absorbent).

As described above, the septic tank 20 according to the present invention is applied as a water treatment material in the septic tank 20 so that 100% of the properties of the peat can be utilized, and when the septic tank 20 is simply composed of peat, fine sludge and the like. Since it is difficult to perform the purification function while being accumulated on the surface of the water treatment material layer 24, the first filtration layer 23 having a natural filtration function is provided on the water treatment material layer 24.

Here, the filter sand used in the first, second, third filtration sand layers (23, 25, 26), silica sand (often, sand) having a predetermined size, loess (commonly referred to as Masato) made of granules of a certain size In this case, materials with natural filtration such as activated carbon of a certain size are used.

Of course, in addition to the silica sand, loess, activated carbon, any material having a natural filtration function may be used.

However, the filtrate yarn used in the first, second, third filtration yarn layers 23, 25, 26 preferably has a uniform and uniform granule size within 0.8-2 mm.

The reason for limiting the size of the filter sand as described above is related to the role of the first, second, and third filter layers 23, 25, and 26, and the first filter layer 23 is filtered through the filter tank 16. This is because it is responsible for the natural filtration function to filter out less than 5% of the fine sludge which is not filtered out of the supplied sewage, and at the same time, it controls the flow rate.

In addition, the second and third filtration sand layers 25 and 26 also play a natural filtration function to filter out fine sludge that may be included in the effluent purified through the water treatment material layer 24 and at the same time, adjust the flow rate. Will be performed.

In other words, when the size of the filter yarn used in the first, second, third filter yarn layers 23, 25, and 26 is very small outside the range of 0.8 to 2 mm, the voids between the filter yarns are formed very densely.

Therefore, in this case, the flow rate of the sewage supplied and flowed down into the septic tank body 21 is so slow that the purification capacity that can be treated per unit time in the septic tank 20 decreases, thus reducing the effectiveness of the septic tank 20 itself. This was confirmed.

In addition, when the size of the filter yarn is very large outside the range of 0.8 ~ 2mm, the voids between the filter yarns are formed relatively large.

Therefore, in this case, the fine sludge to be filtered out of the first filtration layer 23 is not filtered properly, and passes through as it is and is accumulated little by little on the upper surface of the water treatment material layer 24. Thus, the fine sludge is formed on the upper surface of the water treatment material layer 24. In the case of a continuous accumulation of little by little, as a result, the sewage that has to pass through the peat of the water treatment material layer 24 has been confirmed that a problem that the purification function itself is falling through due to the fine sludge accumulated in the water treatment material layer (24).

As such, the flow rate is changed by the size of the filtrate can be obvious to those skilled in the art, but limiting the size of the filtrate to 0.8 ~ 2㎜ through a number of repeated experiments This is based on data values measured for the amount of discharge and purification through trial and error.

That is, it is because it is confirmed that the most preferable size to use a filter sand of 0.8 ~ 2 mm through the confirmed results as described above.

In particular, the first filtration layer 23 located on the upper portion of the water treatment material layer 24 performs a function of controlling the filtration function and the flow rate of the fine sludge, and the specific gravity itself is very light, so that the water treatment material layer 24 may float on the water. It has a function to press peat inside.

However, when the peat of the water treatment material layer 24 is excessively compressed in the process of naturally pressing the peat of the water treatment material layer 24 as described above, the purifying action of the water treatment material layer 24 is prevented. It could be confirmed that it does not work properly.

Therefore, by providing a separate mesh net 28 having a mesh size (approximately 0.7 mm) between the upper end of the water treatment material layer 24 and the first filtration layer 23 can not escape the filter sand, It is structurally preferable to prevent the peat of the water treatment material layer 24 from being compressed as the pressure applied to the water treatment material layer 24 in the single filtration yarn layer 23 is supported by the mesh network 28.

As described above, the filtrate of the first filtration layer 23 loaded on the upper portion of the water treatment material layer 24 performs a function of filtering the fine sludge contained in the sewage and performing natural filtration. There is a slight difference depending on the content of the fine sludge, which is high and low. However, after a certain period of time, it must be removed and cleaned or replaced after a period of use.

In addition, the loading height of the filter sand in the third filtration layer 26 located in front of the septic tank body 21 has a loading height such that the discharged water is not exposed to the surface of the filter sand. It is preferable to use the yarn upside down.

Of course, the second filtration layer 25 is also preferably wiped clean or replaced after a certain period of use.

In particular, in the septic tank 20 of the present invention as described above, the peat of the water treatment material layer 24 is capable of adsorbing up to 8.3 to 10 times its own pollutants, so it is approximately 8 months to 1 year depending on the pollutant content of the sewage. It is preferable to be able to purify to a degree and to replace peat after that.

On the other hand, in the septic tank 20 of the present invention, it is true that the change in the flow rate is greatly influenced by the size of the filtrate, but there are various other variables.

That is, the flow rate of the sewage supplied to the septic tank body 21 and the artificial structure such as flow guides 30, 31, and 32 provided inside the septic tank body 21 are changed. .

Here, looking at the arrangement structure of the flow path guide (30, 31, 32) having a flow rate control function in the septic tank 20, as shown in Figure 5, the bottom surface and the predetermined interval of the septic tank body 21 The flow path guides 30 and 32 having the shape of guide holes left and opened, and the flow path guide 31 having a guide jaw shape protruding from the bottom surface of the septic tank body 21 at a predetermined height are divided.

At this time, the flow path guides 30 and 32 having the shape of the guide holes guide the natural flow of the discharge water along the bottom surface of the septic tank body 21, and the flow path guide 31 having the guide jaw shape is the purified discharge water. It has the function to adjust the flow rate so that it can flow over the guide jaw.

As such, the flow guides 30, 31, and 32 are naturally natural before they are discharged with sufficient time while inducing natural flow of the effluent and appropriately adjusting the flow rate so that the filtrate due to the high flow rate does not escape with the discharged water. It helps to perform the filtration function.

Meanwhile, in the accompanying drawings as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the septic tank body 21 has a three-stage layer in the order of the first filtration yarn layer 23, the water treatment material layer 24, and the second filtration yarn layer 25. Although illustrated as being configured, it is not limited thereto.

That is, it becomes a matter of course that it can also be constituted by five or more layers in the order of the filter sand layer, the water treatment material layer, the filter sand layer, the water treatment material layer, and the filter sand layer as described above.

However, in the case where the multi-stage layer is formed in three or more stages as described above, design specifications become complicated, such as consideration of sewage treatment capacity according to flow rate change, and it is not preferable in terms of economics. In particular, cleaning of filter sand or water treatment material and This is undesirable in that maintenance is difficult at the time of replacement work.

Therefore, as shown in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is practically most preferable to configure the lowest three layers.

On the other hand, in the case of a septic tank according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, one side of the septic tank body 21 is provided with a supply pipe 33 for receiving the sewage from the filtration tank 16 As described above, the sewage is pumped by the pumping means P2 in the filtration tank 16 and the sewage is sent to the sewage storage space layer 22 of the septic tank body 21 through the supply pipe 33.

However, when sewage is continuously supplied from the filtration tank 16 to the septic tank body 21 through the pumping means P2, substantially the amount of sewage supplied from the filtration tank 16 through the pumping means P2 is substantially supplied. If it is relatively larger than the amount discharged through the discharge water discharge port 27 through the purification process, if the state is maintained for a long time, the capacity to store the sewage in the sewage storage space layer 22 of the septic tank body 21 exceeds As a result, the problem of overflowing sewage is bound to occur.

Therefore, when the water level of the sewage supplied and accommodated in the septic tank body 21 reaches a certain height, it is necessary to automatically stop the driving of the pumping means P2 associated with the filtration tank 16.

To this end, as shown in Figure 5, it is preferable to have a water level detecting device 34 that can maintain a constant level set by sensing the water level inside the septic tank body 21.

As one embodiment of such a water level detection device, a float level water level detection device 34 is schematically illustrated in FIG. 5, but is not limited thereto. It is a matter of course that the water level sensor of the type can be adopted by simply changing the design.

On the other hand, Figure 6 shows another preferred embodiment of the septic tank according to the present invention.

That is, as shown in Figure 6, the septic tank body 21 can be separated from each other by modularizing each layer because the first filtration layer 23 and the water treatment material layer 24 is arranged in a layered structure therein It shows that it can be fabricated as a structure.

In other words, the septic tank main body 21 constituting the exterior is separately manufactured by modular floor cases 21a and 21b, and then each filter case or water treatment material is filled in each floor cases 21a and 21b during the assembly process. By sequentially stacking each floor case 21a, 21b according to the position, it can be configured as one completed septic tank body 21.

Particularly, in the accompanying drawings, a state in which the first filtration yarn layer 23 and the water treatment material layer 24 are separated into one layer case 21a and 21b, respectively, is not limited thereto, and the layer case 21a is not limited thereto. 21b) itself can be further refined and modularized.

It has a structure that is assembled in a state in which the filter sand and peat as a water treatment material is loaded in each case (21a, 21b), when all the filter sand is loaded in the separate case 21a, 21b separated into one as described above The load itself is very heavy, which can make the assembly work difficult.

Therefore, if necessary, the floor cases 21a and 21b may be further subdivided and manufactured.

As such, when the septic tank body 21 is separately manufactured and assembled into the respective case cases 21a and 21b, the bottom surface of each case 21a and 21b is formed in a mesh network structure in which a filter yarn or a water treatment material cannot escape. By doing so, naturally, the sewage can be configured to flow downward.

In addition, in the case of separately manufacturing each floor case (21a, 21b) as described above, by providing a moving device 35 to slide open and close on the side of each floor case (21a, 21b) in order to facilitate detachment, After assembling and manufacturing, slides can be opened and closed as necessary.

At this time, a representative example of the moving device 35 is a moving device 35 that is slide-opened and closed through the operation relationship between the guide rail and the roller as shown in FIG.

Thus, when each floor case (21a, 21b) has a structure that can be opened and closed slide, it is very easy to perform the operation when you want to clean or replace the filter sand or water treatment material located in each floor case (21a, 21b) Has an advantage.

In view of the ease of loading and replacement of the filtrate as described above, the second filtration layer 25 and the third filtration layer 26 are located on the bottom surface of the septic tank body 21 and are modularized in communication with each other. Is unnecessary.

In other words, the second filtration yarn layer 25 may load the filtration yarn before assembling the case 21a, 21b of the first filtration yarn layer 23 and the water treatment material layer 24, or clean the filtration yarn during use. And when the replacement operation is necessary, since the first filtration screw layer 23 and the water treatment material layer 24 is performed after separation, there is no difficulty of operation.

In addition, since the upper end surface itself is opened, the third filtering yarn layer 26 may be loaded and replaced by a filtrate yarn at any time through the upper opening surface.

Meanwhile, in the case of the septic tank body 21 having the slide-opening structure by separating and manufacturing each floor case 21a and 21b as described above, one septic tank body 21 completed by assembling and manufacturing the floor case 21a and 21b. ) And then the gap of the side separated by each floor case (21a, 21b) is sealed using a separate packing material (not shown), so that the sewage flows into the gap of the side in the process of cleaning the sewage It is obvious that it must be prevented from falling.

Here, the specifications of the septic tank 20 which is substantially applied to the simple sewage treatment plant in the village will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

That is, as shown in Figure 4, one side of the septic tank body 21 in which the water treatment material layer 24 is located is horizontal (L) × length (B) × height (H) 200 cm × 200 cm × 300 It is manufactured to the standard of cm, the front side of the septic tank body 10 composed of the filter sand layer 30 is made of the horizontal (l) × vertical (b) × height (h) is 200cm × 200cm × 200cm standard .

As shown in FIG. 5, the flow guides 30, 31, and 32 are uniformly disposed at intervals of about 67 cm, and the guide holes formed in the flow guides 30 and 32 are respectively provided in the septic tank body 21. It is formed to be opened to a height of about 15 cm from the bottom surface of the), the height of the flow path guide 31 that serves as the guide jaw is formed to protrude to about 25 cm from the bottom surface of the septic tank body 21.

The discharge water discharge port 27 is opened at a height of about 60 cm x 5 cm (width x length) at a height of about 20 cm from the bottom surface of the septic tank body 21.

In particular, the sewage receiving space layer 22, the first filtration yarn layer 23, the water treatment material layer 24, and the second filtration yarn layer 25 are sequentially disposed with a height ratio of approximately 5: 10: 8: 7. .

That is, first, the second filter sand layer 25 is loaded with the filter sand at a height of approximately 70 cm from the bottom surface of the septic tank body 21, the water treatment material layer 24 is picked peat as shown in FIG. After filtering by the mesh and evenly loaded to approximately 80 cm high, the first filtration layer 23 once again is to sequentially load the filtered sand to 40 cm high.

And, the remaining 50cm of the upper space is to receive the supply of sewage through the supply pipe 33 from the filtration tank 16, in this case, in order to automatically maintain the water level in the sewage receiving space layer 22 As shown in FIG. 5, a float level sensor 34 is installed.

The septic tank 20 having the above specification can purify about 50 tons (t) of sewage when continuously operated for one day.

Therefore, in order to have a simple sewage treatment plant capable of purifying about 100 tons of sewage per day, it is necessary to install two septic tanks 20 having the above specifications and operate them simultaneously or separately as necessary. desirable.

In particular, when two septic tanks 20 are installed and operated in a simple sewage treatment plant in a village, the management and management of the septic tanks 20 can be performed simultaneously or independently in consideration of the amount of sewage inflow at that time. In addition to reducing the cost, at least one septic tank 20 can be operated since sequential cleaning and replacement can be performed even when the filter sand cleaning and the water treatment material in the septic tank 20 need to be replaced. It has the advantage of being able to treat sewage continuously without interrupting the treatment plant.

On the other hand, through the configuration of the septic tank 20 as described above to perform the purification step (S5) of the final step of the sewage terminal treatment method according to the present invention, up to 90 ~ 95% level in the filtration tank (16) When the sewage from which the fine sludge has been removed is supplied to the sewage receiving space layer 22 of the septic tank 20, the sewage flows down while penetrating the first filtration layer 23.

At the same time, the first filtration layer 23 is naturally filtered as fine sludge contained in the sewage, but nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus contained in the sewage is not filtered out.

However, the nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in the sewage which passed the first filtration layer 23 are absorbed and encapsulated in an instant according to the biological properties of the stacked peat of the water treatment material layer 24. do.

At this time, since peat, which is a natural organic material as the water treatment material, has a host function of incubating microorganisms, the nutrients adsorbed by the peat are supplied to the nutrient source of naturally occurring microorganisms inhabiting the peat, thereby being biodegraded naturally. Nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are naturally removed.

At this time, in the initial stage of purification, the water moss color of peat is slightly oozed into the effluent in the process of adsorption and purification of contaminants in the peat of the water treatment material layer 24, but as time passes, the water moss color is diluted and does not appear. The effluent will remain very clear.

As described above, the sewage terminal treatment method according to the present invention, solids such as soil, sand, and earth and sludge, etc. are removed as much as possible during the collection tank 11, the filtration tank 16, and the like, suspended solids (SS), Organic matters related to biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) are effectively removed, and finally, nutrients nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are naturally biodegraded by peat, which is a water treatment material, in the septic tank 20. To be effectively removed.

Therefore, the present invention does not need to have a hate facility for cultivating microorganisms such as aeration tank of the sewage treatment plant using the existing standard activated sludge method, and the scale of the facility as a simple sewage treatment plant in the village is relatively small. It has the advantage that it can effectively treat the sewage even in the drastically reduced state.

In particular, since the core of the sewage treatment method according to the present invention as described above is in the septic tank 20 using peat as a water treatment material, depending on how the size of the septic tank 20 is designed, the simple sewage treatment plant in the village. Of course, it will be applicable to large sewage treatment plants.

On the other hand, the water quality test report that checks the water quality of the effluent (treated water) treated by the septic tank 20 applied to the sewage terminal treatment method according to the present invention through the purification step (S5), and in the conventional sewage terminal treatment facility Water quality test reports for the quality of sewage (treated water) treated using the standard activated sludge method are shown in Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3, respectively.

Here, the water quality test report shown in Table 1 below, after collecting the sewage (raw water) in the sewage terminal treatment plant in Pohang-si, and the water quality of the discharged water discharged from Pohang sewage treatment plant subjected to the standard activated sludge method and advanced treatment, and the present invention Measurement and analysis of the water quality of the effluent purified through the septic tank 20 is applied to each.

At this time, the sampling date was May 23, 2005, the water temperature was about 22.3 ~ 22.5 ℃.

Metric Sewage (raw water) Effluents from Pohang Sewage Treatment Plant Effluent water by the present invention septic tank Emission allowance standards (other regions / specific regions) COD 39.1 mg / l 8.8 mg / l 23.2 mg / l 40 / 40mg / l or less BOD 69.2 mg / l 13.4 mg / l 5.6 mg / l 20 / 10mg / l or less SS 34.0 mg / l 2.8 mg / l 4.6 mg / l 20 / 10mg / l or less T-N 19.188 mg / l 11.832 mg / l 2.257 mg / l 60 / 20mg / l or less T-P 1.855 mg / l 0.603 mg / l 0.190 mg / l 8/2 mg / l or less Total coliform count 64000 pcs / ml 2000 pcs / ml 1069 pcs / ml 3000 pcs / ml or less

Analyzing the results in Table 1, the effluent from the Pohang sewage treatment plant and the effluent from the septic tank 20 according to the present invention meet all the measurement items at a satisfactory level for the discharge allowance standard according to the sewage treatment. Able to know.

By the way, in the case of the Pohang sewage treatment plant received the water quality test report as described above in the state of advanced treatment in parallel with the standard activated sludge method, in the case of the present invention, only the purification step (S5) in the septic tank 20 As a result of the rough water quality test, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) related to organic matter and suspended solids more than when the sludge removal step (S2) and the filtration step (S4) are performed. ), It is expected to lower the level of suspended solids (SS).

In particular, in the removal portion of nutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), 2.257 mg / L, 0.190 mg / L in the effluent according to the present invention is detected, respectively, in the effluent by Pohang sewage treatment plant It can be seen that 11.832 mg / L and 0.603 mg / L, respectively, are detected.

This is superior to the effluent treated in Pohang sewage treatment plant for nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), and the effluent water naturally purified using peat, which is a water treatment material in the septic tank 20 according to the present invention, is better. It is being purified.

Therefore, as a result, it can be confirmed that the sewage treatment method according to the present invention can obtain relatively superior results compared to the conventional standard activated sludge method.

In particular, the simplified sewage treatment plant according to the present invention has an advantage that it can be installed on a relatively very small scale, compared to the facility scale of the sewage treatment plant employing the existing standard activated sludge method.

This is preferable in terms of securing an installation site for the simplified sewage treatment plant according to the present invention, and can reduce the maintenance organization due to the small size of the facility itself, and have excellent economic efficiency due to the reduction of construction cost and maintenance cost. Can be.

In addition, since the purification method itself by the septic tank 20 has a very simple structure will have the ease of maintenance according to the easy acquisition of technology for maintenance.

Meanwhile, the water quality test report shown in Table 2 below is a measurement and analysis of the water treatment status of the fishery wastewater, which is collected and tested by the seafood wastewater generated during the production process of Hansung Fisheries Foods Co., Ltd. located in Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do.

At this time, the sample collection date for purifying and measuring by the septic tank 20 applied to the present invention by collecting the fishery wastewater is April 12, 2005, the test request agency is a sanitary sewage treatment and water quality personnel in charge of construction and environmental establishment in Pohang.

Metric Result COD 5.7 mg / l BOD 2.0 mg / l SS 1.4 mg / l T-N 1.470 mg / l T-P 0.079 mg / l Total coliform count 2185 pcs / ml

For reference, the water quality test report shown in Table 3 below collects sewage treated wastewater from the sewage terminal treatment facility of Hansung Fisheries Co., Ltd., and then checks whether the discharged water exceeds the discharge allowance standard according to the fishery wastewater standard. This report is a water quality test report that Hansung Fisheries Food Co., Ltd. has separately commissioned to an external test institute.

At this time, the sewage end treatment facility installed in Hansung Fisheries Foods Co., Ltd. is treating the fishery wastewater using the standard activated sludge method, and the sampling date of the water quality test report shown in Table 3 is December 28, 2004. The organization is Gyeongbuk Environment Co., Ltd. located in Pohang City.

Metric Emission Allowance Standard (Seawater Wastewater Standard) Result pH 5.8-8.6 7.2 COD 90 mg / l or less 10.0 mg / l BOD 80 mg / l or less 3.4 mg / l SS 80 mg / l or less 8.0 mg / l n-H 30 mg / l or less 4.3 mg / l T-N 60 mg / l or less 43.517 mg / l T-P 8 mg / l or less 3.644 mg / l

At this time, in comparing each of the water quality test report shown in Table 2 and Table 3, it is not possible to determine the water quality of the raw water (fishery wastewater) before the sewage treatment, and accordingly the sewage due to the difference in the sampling date respectively Because there may be some differences in the water quality of raw water before treatment, it may not be appropriate to compare them.

However, since the water quality of raw water (aquatic wastewater) generated in the production process of Hansung Fishery Foods Co., Ltd. is generated under certain working conditions according to the same product production, it is considered that the water quality is maintained at a certain level. Despite the slight differences in the water quality of the raw water (aquatic wastewater) that comes from the difference in the sampling date, there will be no big problem even if the relative evaluation is performed by comparing the water quality test reports of Tables 2 and 3 above.

First, from the above point of view, when looking at the results of the water quality test report of Table 2 and Table 3 in terms of absolute evaluation, the effluent itself according to each sewage treatment method is all organic matter and less than the discharge limit of the fishery wastewater standard Since it contains nutrients, it can be judged that the fishery wastewater can be treated sewage in a state of sufficient water quality.

This, in turn, means that all of the sewage treatment facilities can be adopted as sewage treatment facilities for treatment of fishery wastewater.

However, in view of which of the respective sewage treatment methods is the better method through the results shown in Tables 2 and 3, the sewage treatment method according to the present invention is a standard activated sludge method in a conventional sewage treatment facility. It can be seen that it is superior to the method of treating sewage.

That is, when comparing only the measurement items that can be compared with each other in terms of relative evaluation, in the chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), suspended matter (SS) related to the organic matter and suspended solids, 5.7mg / l, 2.0mg / l, 1.4mg / l were detected in the effluent of the applied septic tank, respectively, and 10.0mg / l, 3.4mg / l, 8.0 in the effluent by the sewage treatment facility of Hansung Fisheries Co., Ltd., respectively. It can be confirmed that it is detected by mg / l.

Therefore, in the degree of treatment of the organic matter and suspended solids, the degree of treatment of organic matter and suspended solids according to the present invention is not numerically large compared with the degree of treating organic matter and suspended solids by the conventional standard activated sludge method, but relatively You can see that it is more excellent.

In particular, in the case of the present invention as a result of performing the water quality test in the septic tank 20 only after the purification step (S5), the sludge removal step (S2) and the filtration step (S4) and the like more than It is also expected to lower the levels of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD) and suspended solids (SS) associated with organics and suspended solids.

In addition, in the total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), etc. related to the nutrients, by 1.470 mg / l, 0.079 mg / l in the effluent according to the present invention, respectively, sewage terminal treatment facility of Hansung Fisheries Co., Ltd. It can be confirmed that 43.517 mg / l and 3.544 mg / l are detected in the effluent by

Therefore, in the treatment of the nutrients, the sewage treatment method according to the present invention is relatively much numerically significant in the result value compared to the method of treating the sewage with the standard activated sludge method in the conventional sewage treatment facilities, and relatively much more. It can be seen that excellent.

As described above, according to the present invention, nutrients such as total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in the purification step (S5) of the septic tank 20 even though the third treatment or the advanced treatment performed in the conventional sewage treatment plant is not performed. We can see that it is very effective in removing.

In particular, when analyzing the results according to the treatment of the nutrients in Table 3, as shown in the prior art, nutrition such as total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) during sewage treatment by the conventional standard activated sludge method It can be confirmed that there are some limitations in removing the salts, and there is room for improvement in terms of eutrophication and red tide phenomena caused by the nutrients contained in the effluents in the effluent.

In contrast, as shown in the water quality test report shown in Table 2, the sewage treatment method according to the present invention shows excellent purification ability even in the fishery wastewater containing a lot of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P). In other words, if the sewage treatment facility according to the present invention is installed where the fishery wastewater is discharged, it will mean that a very satisfactory result can be obtained.

In particular, when using the sewage terminal treatment method and sewage terminal treatment facilities according to the present invention, it means that the nutrients contained in the effluent in the discharge water can greatly reduce the risk of eutrophication and red tide phenomenon.

As described above, according to the sewage treatment method according to the present invention, by providing a new type sewage treatment method including a purification step by using a septic tank in which peat, which is a natural organic substance, is used as a water treatment material. Compared to the conventional sewage treatment plant in sewage treatment plants, sewage treatment using standard activated sludge has the advantage of more effective removal of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, which are the main causes of eutrophication and red tide.

 In addition, the present invention provides a simple sewage terminal treatment plant employing a new sewage terminal treatment method by a septic tank made of peat, which is a natural organic material as a water treatment material, activated sludge mainly used in the sewage treatment process in the conventional sewage terminal treatment plant. The aeration tank according to the law can not only eliminate the aeration stage that removes organic matters, but also has the advantage of effectively removing organic matter as well as nutrients without having facilities for tertiary treatment and advanced treatment.

In particular, the simplified sewage terminal treatment plant according to the present invention is preferable in terms of securing an installation site due to the relatively small size of the septic tank itself, and the ease of maintenance by easy acquisition of a small maintenance organization and maintenance technology for the treatment facility. And it has the effect that it will have an excellent economic efficiency by reducing the construction cost and maintenance cost.

In addition, the sewage terminal treatment method and the simple sewage terminal treatment plant employing the method according to the present invention uses a natural organic material peat as a water treatment material applied to the septic tank, so the purification using natural pressure with high reliability. It is an energy-saving type by the method, and it is a resident-friendly type by eliminating some abominable facilities such as aeration tanks, and it is very environmentally friendly.

Claims (10)

A sewage collection step (S1) for collecting a certain amount of sewage discharged from a home or a factory by a water collecting tank 11 having a screen 12 and filtering solids contained in the sewage; A sludge removal step (S2) of pumping the sewage collected in the sump (11) through a pumping means (P1) to be sent to a sludge adjuster (13) to separate the sludge and water contained in the sewage; Dehydration step (S3) for removing the water contained in the sludge by using the sludge dehydration facility (15) by moving the sludge collected through the sludge adjuster 13 through the conveyor transport device (14); A filtration step (S4) of receiving the sewage separated from the sludge through the sludge adjuster 13 to the filtration tank 16 to remove fine sludge through the screen filter 17 provided on the filtration tank 16; Water treatment material layer (24) for laminating the sewage in the state in which the sludge is removed from the filtration tank 16, the filter sand layers (23, 25, 26) having a natural filtration function, water moss peat, which is a natural organic material, is used as a water treatment material By supplying to the pumping means (P2) in the septic tank 20 comprising a, the organic matter and nutrients contained in the sewage in the septic tank 20 is adsorbed from the peat of the water treatment material layer 24 to be biodegraded by naturally occurring microorganisms Sewage treatment method characterized in that it comprises a purification step (S5) to be discharged by purifying the sewage. The method of claim 1, The sewage treatment method characterized in that the water (sewage) discharged from the sludge dewatered through the sludge dehydration equipment in the dewatering step is collected and transferred to the filtration tank and subjected to the filtration step. The method according to claim 1 or 2, Water peat peat laminated on the water treatment material layer in the septic tank of the purification step, It is a kind of water moss produced and supplied at 48 ° C in Albert, Canada. It has a unique fibrous porous cell structure, which has a strong adsorption capacity of 8.3 to 10 times its own weight by capillary action. It does not re-release by encapsulating a substance by using external pressure of more than 4bar, and research and development to have the characteristic that microorganisms can biodegrade the nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus adsorbed through natural host's host function. Sewage treatment method characterized in that using peat of the natural organic material. A water collecting tank 11 having a screen 12 for collecting a certain amount of sewage discharged from a home or a factory and filtering solids contained in the sewage; A sludge adjuster 13 for pumping the sewage collected in the sump 11 through a pumping means P1 to separate the sludge and water contained in the sewage; A sludge dewatering facility (15) for removing the water contained in the sludge by transferring the sludge collected through the sludge adjuster (13) to the conveyor transport device (14); A filtration tank (16) having a screen filter (17) for receiving fine sludge contained in the sewage by receiving sewage separated from the sludge through the sludge adjuster (13); The sewage in the filtration tank 16 is supplied through the pumping means P2 to adsorb organic matter and nutrients contained in the sewage and flow in a natural dropping manner to purify and discharge the sewage as it is biodegraded by naturally occurring microorganisms. Filtration sand layers (23, 25, 26) having a natural filtration function and water treatment material layer (24) used as a water treatment material by stacking peat moss, which is a natural organic material, is disposed with a minimum three-layer structure. Simple sewage terminal treatment plant comprising a septic tank (20). The method of claim 4, wherein The septic tank is The sewage storage space layer 22 which divides the inside of the septic tank main body 21 forming the exterior into a predetermined zone and stores the sewage supplied from the filtration tank 16 at the top of one side of the inside of the septic tank and flows through the natural drop method. Being prepared, Directly below the sewage storage space layer 22, a first filtration yarn layer 23 composed of filtration sand, a water treatment material layer 24 for laminating peat peat, which is a natural organic material, and used as a water treatment material, and filtration sand The second filtration layer 25 is arranged to have a layer structure of at least three stages, A plurality of flow guides (30, 31, 32) having a function of adjusting the flow rate therebetween while continuously arranging the third filtration layer (26) consisting of a single layer of filtered yarn forwardly arranged to have the lowest three-layered layer structure ) Is disposed at regular intervals, and the discharge sewage treatment plant 27 is provided with a discharge water discharge port 27 for discharging the discharge water on one side of the outer circumferential surface of the septic tank main body 21 in front of the flow guide. The method according to claim 4 or 5, The peat moss constituting the water treatment material layer 24 is a kind of peat moss produced and supplied in the Elbert region of 46 ° N., and has a unique fibrous porous cell structure, and the fibrous porous cell structure is self-weighted by capillary action. It has strong adsorption power of 8.3 ~ 10 times of standard, encapsulates adsorbed material and does not re-release without using external pressure of more than 4bar, and absorbs nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus adsorbed through host function of naturally occurring microorganism. Simple sewage treatment plant characterized in that the peat of natural organic materials that have been researched and developed to have the ability to biodegrade in a natural state. The method according to claim 4 or 5, Filtration sand constituting the first, second, third filtration yarn layer (23, 25, 26), At least one of materials having a natural filtering function such as silica sand (commonly, sand), granulated ocher, activated carbon, characterized in that the size of the granules having an even size within 0.8 ~ 2㎜ Simple sewage treatment plant. The method of claim 5, In the septic tank body 21 is a simple sewage, characterized in that the water level detecting device 34 for detecting the water level for adjusting the water supply level of the sewage supplied from the filtration tank 16 through the pumping means (P2) is provided. Apocalyptic treatment plant. The method of claim 5, The first filtration layer 23 and the water treatment material layer 24 arranged in a layered structure inside the septic tank body 21 are each made of layer-by-layer cases 21a and 21b that can be modularized into layers and separated from each other. Simple bottom sewage treatment plant characterized in that the bottom surface of the case (21a, 21b) is formed in a mesh network structure of the filter yarn or the water treatment material can not escape. The method of claim 9, Simple sewage terminal treatment plant, characterized in that the slide unit is provided on the side of each floor case (21a, 21b) slide opening and closing.

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