KR100500538B1 - Adaptive Array Antenna System using Multi-User Detection in Mobile Communication System and Multi-User Detection method using its - Google Patents
Adaptive Array Antenna System using Multi-User Detection in Mobile Communication System and Multi-User Detection method using its Download PDFInfo
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- KR100500538B1 KR100500538B1 KR10-2000-0080575A KR20000080575A KR100500538B1 KR 100500538 B1 KR100500538 B1 KR 100500538B1 KR 20000080575 A KR20000080575 A KR 20000080575A KR 100500538 B1 KR100500538 B1 KR 100500538B1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/2605—Array of radiating elements provided with a feedback control over the element weights, e.g. adaptive arrays
- H01Q3/2611—Means for null steering; Adaptive interference nulling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0802—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection
- H04B7/0817—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection with multiple receivers and antenna path selection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
- H04B7/0842—Weighted combining
- H04B7/086—Weighted combining using weights depending on external parameters, e.g. direction of arrival [DOA], predetermined weights or beamforming
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Abstract
본 발명은 비슷한 입사각으로 들어오는 사용자들간의 간섭신호를 제거하면서 동시에 다중사용자들의 신호를 검출할 수 있는 다중 사용자 검출단을 이용한 적응 배열 안테나 시스템 및 이를 이용한 다중 사용자 검출 방법에 관한 것으로서, 이와 같은 본 발명에 따른 다중 사용자 검출단을 이용한 적응 배열 안테나 시스템은, 다수의 어레이 안테나를 통하여 입력되는 RF 신호를 기저대역 신호로 각각 변환하는 다수의 기저대역 변환부와; 상기 기저대역 변환부의 출력신호를 수신하여 다중경로를 탐색하는 검색기와; 상기 검색기의 출력신호를 수신하여 다수의 사용자의 빔 포밍을 위한 가중치 벡터의 상관계수를 계산하고, 비슷한 가중치벡터를 가진 사용자들을 그룹화하고, 각 그룹에서 간섭신호를 각각 제거하는 다수의 핑거부로 구성된다.The present invention relates to an adaptive array antenna system using a multi-user detection stage capable of detecting signals of multiple users while simultaneously removing interference signals between users having similar incident angles, and a multi-user detection method using the same. An adaptive array antenna system using a multi-user detection stage, comprising: a plurality of baseband converters for converting RF signals input through a plurality of array antennas into baseband signals, respectively; A searcher for receiving an output signal of the baseband converter and searching for a multipath; Receives the output signal of the searcher to calculate the correlation coefficient of the weight vector for beamforming of a plurality of users, grouping users having similar weight vector, and comprises a plurality of fingers to remove each interference signal from each group .
Description
본 발명은 CDMA통신 시스템에서 다중 사용자 검출단(Multi-User Detection : MUD)을 이용한 적응 배열 안테나 시스템(Adaptive Array Antenna System)에 관한 것으로, 특히 비슷한 입사각으로 들어오는 불필요한 사용자 신호를 제거하기에 적당하도록 한 다중 사용자 검출단을 이용한 적응 배열 안테나 시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an adaptive array antenna system using a multi-user detection (MUD) in a CDMA communication system, and is particularly suitable for removing unnecessary user signals coming in at similar incident angles. An adaptive array antenna system using a multi-user detection stage.
일반적으로 적응 배열 안테나는 원하는 사용자 신호를 일정 수(보통 4~8개)의 어레이(array)로 수신한 후, 가중치벡터를 구하여 입력신호에 곱하는 과정을 수행하며, 이러한 과정을 빔 포밍(beamforming)과정이라고 한다. 적응 배열 안테나는 이러한 과정을 통하여 원하는 사용자 신호의 세기를 크게 하고, 다른 방향으로 들어오는 간섭 신호를 작게 함으로써, 신호대 간섭 잡음비를 높여 통신 시스템의 비트 오율 성능을 증가시킨다. In general, the adaptive array antenna receives a desired user signal as an array (usually 4 to 8) of an array, obtains a weight vector, and multiplies the input signal by beamforming. It is called a process. Through this process, the adaptive array antenna increases the strength of the desired user signal and decreases the interference signal coming from the other direction, thereby increasing the signal-to-interference noise ratio to increase the bit error rate performance of the communication system.
도 1은 종래의 적응 배열 안테나 시스템의 블록 구성도이다. 도 1을 참조하면, 부호 10a~10n은 어레이 안테나를 나타내며, 11a~11n은 RF 신호를 기저대역 신호로 변환하는 기저대역 변환부(11)이다. 또한, 검색기(12)는 다중 경로 페이딩 환경을 고려하여 L개의 다중경로를 탐색하고, 각각 L개의 핑거부(Finger)(13a~13n)를 할당한다. 각각의 핑거부(13a~13n)에서는 적응배열 안테나의 핵심인 빔 포밍 과정(14a~14n)을 수행함으로써, 공간 필터링(즉, 원하는 신호의 크기를 크게 하고 다른 방향의 간섭신호를 작게하는 동작)을 수행한다. 이어, 결합기(15)는 각각의 다중 경로로 들어오는 신호를 합성하여 출력한다.1 is a block diagram of a conventional adaptive array antenna system. Referring to FIG. 1, reference numerals 10a to 10n denote array antennas, and 11a to 11n denote baseband converters 11 for converting an RF signal into a baseband signal. In addition, the searcher 12 searches for L multipaths in consideration of the multipath fading environment, and allocates L finger fingers 13a to 13n, respectively. Each of the fingers 13a to 13n performs beamforming processes 14a to 14n, which are the cores of the adaptive array antenna, thereby performing spatial filtering (that is, an operation of increasing the size of a desired signal and reducing an interference signal in a different direction). Do this. Subsequently, the combiner 15 synthesizes and outputs signals coming through the respective multipaths.
그러나, 이와 같은 종래의 기술은 현저하게 다른 입사각으로 들어오는 사용자 신호들의 빔 포밍을 실시할 경우에는 좋은 성능을 발휘하나, 비슷한 입사각으로 들어오는 사용자 신호들간에 빔 포밍에서는 효과가 저조한 결과를 나타내고 있다. 이러한, 현상은 전파의 반사가 많은 빌딩이 많은 곳이나 무선 단말기의 사용자가 밀집된 장소에 특히 빈번하게 나타나고 있다. 만일, 이러한 단점을 해소시켜 줄 수 있다면, 무선 단말기의 제품 경쟁력이 더욱 높아질 것이다.However, such a conventional technique exhibits good performance when performing beamforming of user signals coming in significantly different angles of incidence, but shows poor results in beamforming between user signals entering similar angles of incidence. This phenomenon is particularly frequent in places where many buildings reflect a lot of radio waves or where users of wireless terminals are concentrated. If this problem can be eliminated, the product competitiveness of the wireless terminal will be higher.
본 발명의 목적은 이상에서 언급한 종래 기술의 문제점을 해결하고, 또한 동일 분야의 기대에 부응하고자 제안한 것으로서, 다수개의 핑거부를 구비하고, 각각의 핑거부에서 비슷한 입사각으로 들어오는 사용자들을 일정개의 그룹으로 할당하고, 상기 각 그룹에서 사용자들간의 간섭신호를 제거하면서 동시에 다중사용자들의 신호를 검출할 수 있는 다중 사용자 검출단을 이용한 적응 배열 안테나 시스템 및 이를 이용한 다중 사용자 검출 방법을 제공하기 위한 것이다. An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art mentioned above, and also to meet the expectations of the same field, having a plurality of fingers, each user coming in at a similar angle of incidence at each finger to a certain group The present invention provides an adaptive array antenna system using a multi-user detection stage capable of allocating and removing interference signals between users from each group and simultaneously detecting signals of multiple users, and a multi-user detection method using the same.
이상과 같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명에 따른 다중 사용자 검출단을 이용한 적응 배열 안테나 시스템은, 다수의 어레이 안테나를 통하여 입력되는 RF 신호를 기저대역 신호로 각각 변환하는 다수의 기저대역 변환부와; 상기 기저대역 변환부의 출력신호를 수신하여 다중경로를 탐색하는 검색기와; 상기 검색기의 출력신호를 수신하여 다수의 사용자의 빔 포밍을 위한 가중치 벡터의 상관계수를 계산하고, 비슷한 가중치벡터를 가진 사용자들을 그룹화하고, 각 그룹에서 간섭신호를 각각 제거하는 다수의 핑거부로 구성된다.그리고, 적응 배열 안테나 시스템을 이용한 다중 사용자 검출 방법은, 다수의 어레이 안테나를 통하여 입력되는 RF 신호를 기저대역 신호로 각각 변환하는 단계; 상기 기저대역 변환된 신호를 수신하여 다중경로를 탐색하는 단계;상기 탐색된 다중경로 출력신호를 수신하여 다수의 사용자의 빔 포밍을 위한 가중치 벡터의 상관계수를 각각 계산하는 단계;상기 계산된 가중치 벡터의 상관계수 이용하여 비슷한 가중치벡터의 상관 계수로부터 일정 임계값 이상의 상관특성을 갖는 사용자들을 각각 그룹화하는 단계;상기 각 그룹에 포함된 각 사용자 신호간의 간섭신호를 각각 제거하고 자신의 신호를 검출하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.In order to achieve the above object, the adaptive array antenna system using a multi-user detection stage according to the present invention, a plurality of baseband converters for converting the RF signal input through a plurality of array antenna to a baseband signal, respectively; ; A searcher for receiving an output signal of the baseband converter and searching for a multipath; Receives the output signal of the searcher to calculate the correlation coefficient of the weight vector for beamforming of a plurality of users, grouping users having similar weight vector, and comprises a plurality of fingers to remove each interference signal from each group And, the multi-user detection method using an adaptive array antenna system, the method comprising the steps of: converting the RF signal input through a plurality of array antenna to a baseband signal; Receiving the baseband transformed signal and searching for a multipath; receiving the searched multipath output signal and calculating correlation coefficients of weight vectors for beamforming of a plurality of users; respectively; calculating the weighted vector Grouping users each having a correlation characteristic of a predetermined threshold or more from the correlation coefficient of the similar weight vector using the correlation coefficient of; Removing the interference signal between each user signal included in each group and detecting their own signal Characterized in that it comprises a.
이하에서, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 구성 및 동작을 설명한다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described the configuration and operation of the present invention.
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 다중 사용자 검출단을 이용한 적응 배열 안테나 시스템의 블록 구성도이다. 도 2를 참조하면, 본 발명에 따른 다중 사용자 검출단을 이용한 적응 배열 안테나 시스템은 다수개의 어레이 안테나(20a~20n)와; 다수의 어레이 안테나(20a~20n)를 통하여 입력되는 RF 신호를 기저대역 신호로 각각 변환하는 다수의 기저대역 변환부(21a~21n)와; 기저대역 변환부(21a~21n)의 출력신호를 수신하여 L개의 다중경로를 탐색하는 검색기(22)와; 검색기(22)의 출력신호를 수신하여 다수의 사용자의 빔 포밍을 위한 가중치 벡터의 상관계수를 계산하고, 비슷한 가중치벡터를 가진 사용자들을 그룹화하고, 각 그룹에서 간섭신호를 각각 제거하는 다수의 핑거부(23a~23n)와; 다수의 핑거부(23a~23n)의 다중 경로로 들어오는 신호를 합성하여 출력하는 다수의 결합기(28a~28k)로 구성된다.2 is a block diagram of an adaptive array antenna system using a multi-user detection stage according to the present invention. 2, an adaptive array antenna system using a multi-user detection stage according to the present invention includes a plurality of array antennas (20a ~ 20n); A plurality of baseband converters 21a to 21n respectively converting RF signals input through the plurality of array antennas 20a to 20n into baseband signals; A searcher 22 for receiving L output signals of the baseband converters 21a to 21n and searching for L multipaths; A plurality of finger parts for receiving the output signal of the searcher 22 to calculate the correlation coefficient of the weight vector for beamforming of a plurality of users, group users with similar weight vectors, and remove interference signals from each group, respectively. (23a-23n); It is composed of a plurality of combiners (28a ~ 28k) for synthesizing and outputting the signal coming into the multi-path of the plurality of fingers (23a ~ 23n).
여기서, 각 핑거부(23a~23n)는 다수의 사용자의 빔 포밍을 위한 가중치 벡터의 상관계수를 계산하는 상관 계수 계산부(25a~25n)와; 상관 계수 계산부(25a~25n)에서 계산된 상관 계수와 비슷한 가중치벡터를 갖는 사용자들을 그룹화 하는 사용자 그룹부(26a~26n)와; 사용자 그룹부(26a~26n)에서 그룹화한 각 그룹에서 간섭신호를 제거하고, 자신의 신호를 검출하는 다중 사용자 검출부(Multi-User Detection : MUD)(27a~27n)로 구성된다.Here, each of the fingers 23a to 23n includes a correlation coefficient calculator 25a to 25n for calculating a correlation coefficient of a weight vector for beamforming of a plurality of users; User group units 26a to 26n for grouping users having weight vectors similar to the correlation coefficients calculated by the correlation coefficient calculators 25a to 25n; A multi-user detection unit (MUD) 27a to 27n removes an interference signal from each group grouped by the user group units 26a to 26n and detects its own signal.
이와 같은 구성을 갖는 본 발명에 따른 다중 사용자 검출단을 이용한 적응 배열 안테나 시스템의 동작을 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 설명하면 다음과 같다.Referring to the accompanying drawings, the operation of the adaptive array antenna system using the multi-user detection stage according to the present invention having such a configuration is as follows.
어레이 안테나(20a~20n)를 통하여 기저대역 변환부(21a~21n)에 입력된 RF 신호는 기저대역 디지털 신호로 변환된다. 검색기(22)에서는 다중 경로 페이딩 환경을 고려하여, L개의 다중경로를 탐색하고 각각 L개의 핑거부(23a~23n)를 할당한다. 이어, 각 핑거부(23a~23n)에서는 전체 K명의 빔 포밍(24a~24n)을 위한 가중치 벡터(weighting vector)를 계산한다. 이때 구해진 가중치 벡터(Wk)를 아래의 수학식 1과 같이 정의 할 수 있다. The RF signals inputted to the baseband converters 21a to 21n through the array antennas 20a to 20n are converted into baseband digital signals. The searcher 22 searches for L multipaths in consideration of a multipath fading environment and allocates L fingers 23a to 23n, respectively. Subsequently, each of the fingers 23a to 23n calculates a weighting vector for the K beamforming 24a to 24n. The weight vector Wk obtained at this time may be defined as in Equation 1 below.
여기서, k는 k번째 사용자를, M은 어레이 안테나의 수를, n은 n 번째 데이터 심볼을 각각 나타낸다. 이 가중치 벡터를 각 어레이 안테나(20a~20n)의 입력 신호에 곱함으로써 빔 포밍을 수행할 수 있다. 그러나, 비슷한 입사각으로 입사하는 신호에 대하여는 구하여진 가중치 벡터가 상관성을 가진다. 따라서, 상관 계수 계산부(25a~25n)에서 가중치 벡터간의 상관계수()를 아래의 수학식 2를 이용하여 구할 수 있다.Where k is the k-th user, M is the number of array antennas, and n is the n-th data symbol. Beamforming may be performed by multiplying the weight vector by the input signals of the array antennas 20a to 20n. However, the weight vectors obtained are correlated with respect to signals incident at similar incident angles. Therefore, the correlation coefficient between the weight vectors in the correlation coefficient calculation units 25a to 25n ( ) Can be obtained using Equation 2 below.
삭제delete
그리고, 다중 사용자 검출부(27a~27n)는 Q개의 그룹에 포함된 간섭신호를 제거하면서 자신의 신호를 검출한다. 여기서, 다중 사용자 검출부(27a~27n)는 각 사용자 신호의 코드 상관도를 계산하여 각 사용자간의 간섭 신호를 제거하는 역할을 수행하게 된다. 본 발명의 다중 사용자 검출부에 대한 실시 예에서는 역상관기, 결정 귀환 역상관기, SIC(Serial Interference Cancellation), PIC(Parallel Interference Cancellation) 중에서 하나가 사용될 수 있다. 즉, 기존의 적응 배열 안테나는 다른 각도의 신호들은 가중치 벡터를 곱함으로써 분리가 가능하나, 비숫한 각도로 들어오는 사용자의 신호들은 가중치 벡터를 곱하는 효과가 적으므로, 본 발명은 비숫한 가중치 벡터를 가지는 사용자들을 그룹화하고, 그룹화된 사용자들을 다중 사용자 검출부를 이용해 신호를 분리해 내게 된다. 따라서 어떤 종류의 다중 사용자 검출부를 사용하더라도 신호 분리가 가능하게 된다. 이러한 다중 사용자 검출에 관한 내용은 다음의 참고문헌에 개재되어 있다.S.Moshavi, Bellcore, "Multiuser Detection for DS/CDMA Communication", IEEE Communication Magazine, vol. 34, no. 10, pp.124~136, October.1996.The multi-user detection units 27a to 27n detect their own signals while removing interference signals included in the Q groups. In this case, the multi-user detectors 27a to 27n perform a role of removing interference signals between users by calculating a code correlation of each user signal. In an embodiment of the multi-user detection unit of the present invention, one of a decorrelator, a decision feedback decorrelator, serial interference cancellation (SIC), and parallel interference cancellation (PIC) may be used. That is, in the conventional adaptive array antenna, signals of different angles can be separated by multiplying the weight vectors, but signals of users coming in at non-angled angles have little effect of multiplying the weight vectors. Users are grouped, and the grouped users are separated using a multi-user detector. Accordingly, signal separation can be performed using any kind of multi-user detector. This multiuser detection is described in the following references: S. Moshavi, Bellcore, "Multiuser Detection for DS / CDMA Communication", IEEE Communication Magazine, vol. 34, no. 10, pp. 124-136, October 1996.
이어, 결합기(28a~28n)는 다중 경로로 들어온 신호를 전체 K명의 사용자 신호를 합성(combine)하여 출력한다.Subsequently, the combiners 28a to 28n combine and output a total of K user signals for the signal coming into the multipath.
이상에서 설명한 본 발명에 따른 다중 사용자 검출단을 이용한 적응 배열 안테나 시스템 및 이를 이용한 다중 사용자 검출 방법에 따르면, 비슷한 입사각으로 들어오는 사용자 신호에 대해서는 가중치 벡터 간의 상관계수를 구하고, 일정 임계값 이상의 상관 특성을 갖는 사용자 신호들을 그룹화하고, 그룹화된 사용자 신호간의 간섭을 다중사용자 검출단을 이용하여 제거함으로써 신호대 간섭 잡음비를 향상시키는 효과가 있다. 따라서, 무선 단말기의 비트 오율을 개선할 수 있어서, 전체적인 통신 품질을 향상시킬 수 있다. According to the adaptive array antenna system using the multi-user detection stage and the multi-user detection method using the same according to the present invention described above, the correlation coefficient between weight vectors is obtained for a user signal coming in at similar incident angles, By grouping the user signals, and by removing the interference between the grouped user signals using a multi-user detection stage has an effect of improving the signal-to-interference noise ratio. Therefore, the bit error rate of the wireless terminal can be improved, and the overall communication quality can be improved.
도 1은 종래의 다중 사용자 검출단을 이용한 적응 배열 안테나 시스템의 블록 구성도.1 is a block diagram of an adaptive array antenna system using a conventional multi-user detection stage.
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 다중 사용자 검출단을 이용한 적응 배열 안테나 시스템의 블록 구성도.2 is a block diagram of an adaptive array antenna system using a multi-user detection stage according to the present invention.
*도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명** Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *
20a~20n : 어레이 안테나20a ~ 20n: Array Antenna
21a~21n : 기적대역 변환부 21a ~ 21n: Miracle Band Converter
22 : 검색기22: finder
23a~23n : 핑거부23a ~ 23n: Finger part
25a~25n : 상관 계수 계산부25a ~ 25n: correlation coefficient calculation unit
26a~26n : 사용자 그룹부26a ~ 26n: user group part
27a~27n : 다중 사용자 검출부 27a ~ 27n: Multi user detector
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KR19990026450A (en) * | 1997-09-24 | 1999-04-15 | 정선종 | Structure and Signal Receiving Method of Multicarrier Code Division Multiple Access Receiver Using Antenna Array |
JPH11266180A (en) * | 1998-03-18 | 1999-09-28 | Fujitsu Ltd | Array antenna system for wireless base station |
EP0982875A2 (en) * | 1998-08-21 | 2000-03-01 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Methods and apparatus for reducing cochannel interference in a mixed-rate communication system |
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JPH09205392A (en) * | 1996-01-24 | 1997-08-05 | Atr Kodenpa Tsushin Kenkyusho:Kk | Radio communication system and radio receiver |
KR19990026450A (en) * | 1997-09-24 | 1999-04-15 | 정선종 | Structure and Signal Receiving Method of Multicarrier Code Division Multiple Access Receiver Using Antenna Array |
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