KR100432820B1 - 내구성 전극 피막 - Google Patents
내구성 전극 피막 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR100432820B1 KR100432820B1 KR10-1999-7001355A KR19997001355A KR100432820B1 KR 100432820 B1 KR100432820 B1 KR 100432820B1 KR 19997001355 A KR19997001355 A KR 19997001355A KR 100432820 B1 KR100432820 B1 KR 100432820B1
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- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- coating
- substrate
- poly
- nickel
- Prior art date
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 185
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 185
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 183
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 172
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 239000010411 electrocatalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 125
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 119
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 85
- -1 platinum group metal halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920003176 water-insoluble polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000075 poly(4-vinylpyridine) Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002941 palladium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001096 P alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- UWRZIZXBOLBCON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenamine Chemical compound NC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 UWRZIZXBOLBCON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanylidynenickel Chemical compound [P].[Ni] OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003227 poly(N-vinyl carbazole) Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000083 poly(allylamine) Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000885 poly(2-vinylpyridine) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GKLVYJBZJHMRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N technetium atom Chemical compound [Tc] GKLVYJBZJHMRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003214 poly(methacrylonitrile) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005641 methacryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 238000004021 metal welding Methods 0.000 claims 2
- KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=N1 KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 22
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 21
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 150000002739 metals Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 11
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 49
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 27
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 20
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 17
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 13
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 9
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000474 mercury oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- UKWHYYKOEPRTIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Hg]=O UKWHYYKOEPRTIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- LAIZPRYFQUWUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel chloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ni+2] LAIZPRYFQUWUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- BIXNGBXQRRXPLM-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(3+);trichloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.Cl[Ru](Cl)Cl BIXNGBXQRRXPLM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 6
- YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ru+3] YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 6
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- SDVHRXOTTYYKRY-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;dioxido-oxo-phosphonato-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)P([O-])([O-])=O SDVHRXOTTYYKRY-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006125 amorphous polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012696 Pd precursors Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007868 Raney catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000564 Raney nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- QDWJUBJKEHXSMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N boranylidynenickel Chemical compound [Ni]#B QDWJUBJKEHXSMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 3
- FBMUYWXYWIZLNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel phosphide Chemical compound [Ni]=P#[Ni] FBMUYWXYWIZLNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 3
- UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920003935 Flemion® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WRSVIZQEENMKOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Co].[Co].[Co] Chemical compound [B].[Co].[Co].[Co] WRSVIZQEENMKOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002940 palladium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 108700034893 EC 6.6.1.- Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018104 Ni-P Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018536 Ni—P Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000796 S alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008045 alkali metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008364 bulk solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-OIOBTWANSA-N cadmium-109 Chemical compound [109Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-OIOBTWANSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001902 chlorine oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxoiridium Chemical group O=[Ir]=O HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007787 electrohydrodynamic spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007970 homogeneous dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000457 iridium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001960 metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001463 metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AIYYMMQIMJOTBM-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) acetate Chemical class [Ni+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O AIYYMMQIMJOTBM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VQTGUFBGYOIUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrosylsulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)ON=O VQTGUFBGYOIUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013110 organic ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000487 osmium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIWAALDUIFCBLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoosmium Chemical group [Os]=O JIWAALDUIFCBLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBEQXAKJSGXAIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxopalladium Chemical group [Pd]=O HBEQXAKJSGXAIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUMZUERVLWJKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoplatinum Chemical group [Pt]=O MUMZUERVLWJKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJLOMQIUPFZJAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxorhodium Chemical group [Rh]=O SJLOMQIUPFZJAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003445 palladium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZMLDXWLZKKZVSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium tin Chemical compound [Pd].[Sn] ZMLDXWLZKKZVSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(2+) Chemical compound [Pd+2] MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L platinum dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Pt]Cl CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910003446 platinum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003450 rhodium oxide Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Rh+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003303 ruthenium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003304 ruthenium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000687 transition metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/055—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material
- C25B11/057—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of a single element or compound
- C25B11/061—Metal or alloy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
- C25B11/03—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
실시예 1전극 | Ru ㎍/㎠초기 | Ru ㎍/㎠말기 | 손실율% | 최종 음극 전위 |
59일간 시험 | 644 | 630 | 2.2 | -0.989 |
실시예 2전극 | Ru ㎍/㎠초기 | Ru ㎍/㎠말기 | 손실율% | 최종 음극 전위 |
103일간 시험 | 635 | 590 | 7.1 | -0.996 |
실시예 3전극, 대조 | Ru ㎍/㎠초기 | Ru ㎍/㎠말기 | 손실율% | 최종 음극 전위 |
1시간 시험 | 803 | 388 | 52 | -1.044 |
실시예 | PVP(%) | 도금 시간(분) | 피막 중량(㎎/㎠) | 저항(Ohm) |
12 | 0.01 | 50 | 0.65 | 3.4-4.8 |
13 | 0.05 | 50 | 1.17 | 1.8-2.6 |
14 | 0.50 | 35 | 2.63 | 1.9-2.6 |
Claims (16)
- 전기전도성의 전해촉매적 불활성 금속 기판 또는 전기전도성의 전해촉매적 불활성 금속 표면을 갖는 비금속 기판(1)과기판 위에 입상 물질과 혼합되어 있는 백금족 금속 매트릭스를 포함하는 다공성 수지상(dendritic)의 불균질 전해촉매적 활성 일차 상 피막(A) 및배위 착물을 형성할 수 있는 질소 함유 작용기를 갖는 수불용성의 접착 촉진 중합체 및 무전해 금속 도금 촉매를 포함하는 중간 피막(B-1)과 전이금속 또는 이의 합금을 포함하는 외부 금속 피막(B-2)을 포함하는 보강 상(B)으로 이루어진 전해촉매적 활성 피막(2)을 포함하는, 전기화학적 반응에 사용하기 위한 전극.
- 제1항에 있어서, 전기전도성의 전해촉매적 불활성 금속 기판 또는 비금속 기판위의 금속 피막이 철, 강철, 니켈, 스테인레스 강, 구리, 코발트, 은 및 이들의 합금으로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되는 금속을 포함하는 전극.
- 제2항에 있어서,(A) 다공성의 일차 상 피막이 무전해 환원 용착 방법, 전기용착 방법, 열 분무 방법 또는 소결 방법에 의해 니켈 기판위에 형성되고, 일차 상 피막이 금속 산화물 입상 물질과 혼합되어 있는 백금족 금속을 포함하며,(B) 보강 피막이 니켈, 코발트, 구리, 및 이들과 인, 붕소 또는 황과의 합금으로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되는 전이금속 또는 합금을 포함하는 전극.
- 제3항에 있어서, 촉매가 백금족 금속이고, 접착 촉진 중합체가 금속 이온 또는 금속 화합물과 배위 착물을 형성할 수 있는 고립 전자쌍을 갖는 질소 함유 작용기를 포함하며, 금속 산화물 입상 물질이 백금족 금속, 레늄, 테크네튬, 몰리브덴, 크롬, 니오븀, 텅스텐, 탄탈, 망간 및 납의 산화물로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되며, 보강 상이 니켈-인 합금을 포함하는 전극.
- 제4항에 있어서, 다공성의 수지상 일차 상 피막이, 백금족 금속이 백금족 금속 할라이드, 니트레이트, 니트라이트, 설페이트 및 포스페이트로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되는 가용성 화합물로서 존재하는 수성 용매를 포함하는 유체 매질로부터 무전해 용착 방법에 의해 적용되고, 금속 산화물 입상 물질이 루테늄, 이리듐, 오스뮴, 레늄, 백금, 팔라듐, 로듐 및 테크네튬의 산화물 및 이들의 혼합물로부터 선택되며, 산화물의 평균 입자 크기가 0.2 내지 20㎛이고, 무전해 금속 도금 촉매가 팔라듐이며, 일차상 피막이 원자형태의 금속으로서 계산하여 400 내지 1500㎍/㎠의 피막 중량으로 적용되는 전극.
- 제5항에 있어서, 수불용성 중합체가 폴리(4-비닐피리딘), 폴리(2-비닐피리딘), 폴리(아미노스티렌), 폴리(비닐카바졸), 폴리(아크릴로니트릴), 폴리(메타크릴로니트릴) 및 폴리(알릴아민)의 중합체 및 공중합체로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되고, 보강 피막의 두께가 0.01 내지 3㎛이며 피막 중량이 200㎍/㎠ 내지 10mg/㎠인, 클로르-알칼리 전해 셀에서 사용하기 위한 전극.
- (A) 전기전도성의 전해촉매적 불활성 금속 기판 또는 전기전도성의 전해촉매적 불활성 금속 피막을 갖는 비금속 기판의 한 면 이상을, 입상 물질 입자를 포함하는 분산액과 혼합되어 있는 백금족 금속의 수용성 또는 수성 산 가용성 화합물을 포함하는 유체 매질과 접촉시켜 다공성의 수지상 불균질 전해촉매적 활성 일차 상 피막을 기판위에 형성하는 단계,(B) 배위 착물을 형성할 수 있는 질소 함유 작용기를 갖는 수불용성의 접착 촉진 중합체 및 무전해 금속 도금 촉매 금속 전구체 화합물을 포함하는 보강 상 중간 피막을 적용하는 단계,(C) 당해 촉매 금속 전구체 화합물을 환원제와 접촉시킴으로써 금속으로 환원시키는 단계 및(D) 전이금속 또는 이의 합금을 포함하는 보강 상 외부 금속 피막을 적용하는 단계로 이루어진, 기판 위에 전해촉매 전극 피막을 제조하는 방법.
- 제7항에 있어서, 일차 상 피막이 금속 산화물 입상 물질을 포함하고, 촉매 금속 전구체 화합물이 금속 보강 피막의 적용과 동시에 환원되는 백금족 금속 화합물인 방법.
- 제7항에 있어서, 촉매 금속 전구체 화합물이 보강 피막을 적용하기 전에 환원되는 백금족 금속 화합물이고, 수불용성 중합체가 금속 이온 또는 금속 화합물과 배위 착물을 형성할 수 있는 고립 전자쌍을 갖는 질소 함유 작용기를 포함하는 중합체 또는 공중합체인 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서, 금속 산화물 입자가 백금족 금속, 레늄 및 테크네튬의 산화물로부터 선택되고, 산화물의 평균 입자 크기가 2 내지 20㎛이며, 수불용성 중합체가 폴리(4-비닐피리딘), 폴리(2-비닐피리딘), 폴리(아미노스티렌), 폴리(비닐카바졸), 폴리(아크릴로니트릴), 폴리(메타크릴로니트릴) 및 폴리(알릴아민)의 중합체 및 공중합체로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되는 방법.
- 제10항에 있어서, 촉매 금속 전구체 화합물이 팔라듐 화합물인 방법.
- 제11항에 있어서, 보강 피막이, 중간 피막을 니켈, 코발트, 구리, 및 이들과 인, 붕소 또는 황과의 합금으로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되는 금속 또는 합금의 수용성 화합물 수용액과 접촉시킴으로써 적용되는 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 백금족 금속의 수용성 또는 수성 산 가용성 화합물이 백금족 금속 할라이드, 니트레이트, 니트라이트, 설페이트 및 포스페이트로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되는 방법.
- (A) 촉매 금속 전구체 화합물과 배위 착물을 형성할 수 있는 질소 함유 작용기를 갖는 접착 촉진 수불용성 중합체를 기판 표면에 적용하고,(B) 1) 금속을 무전해 용착시키기 전에 또는2) 금속 화합물 및 환원제를 포함하는 피복 용액을 기판과 접촉시킴으로써 금속을 무전해 용착시키는 동시에 환원제를 촉매 금속 전구체 화합물과 접촉시킴으로써 촉매 금속 전구체 화합물을 금속으로 환원시키는 것을 포함하는, 기판 표면을 촉매화하여 금속을 무전해 용착시키는 방법.
- 제14항에 있어서, 기판이 전기 비전도성 기판이고, 촉매 금속 전구체 화합물이 백금족 금속, 은, 금 및 구리의 수용성 화합물로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되며, 수불용성 중합체가 폴리(4-비닐피리딘), 폴리(2-비닐피리딘), 폴리(아미노스티렌), 폴리(비닐카바졸), 폴리(아크릴로니트릴), 폴리(메타크릴로니트릴) 및 폴리(알릴아민)의 중합체 및 공중합체로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되는 방법.
- 제15항에 있어서, 무전해 용착법을 사용하여 용착시킨 금속이 니켈, 코발트, 구리, 및 이들과 인, 붕소 또는 황과의 합금으로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되는 전이금속 또는 이의 합금인 방법.
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