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JPWO2002061675A1 - Non-contact identification medium - Google Patents

Non-contact identification medium Download PDF

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Publication number
JPWO2002061675A1
JPWO2002061675A1 JP2002561768A JP2002561768A JPWO2002061675A1 JP WO2002061675 A1 JPWO2002061675 A1 JP WO2002061675A1 JP 2002561768 A JP2002561768 A JP 2002561768A JP 2002561768 A JP2002561768 A JP 2002561768A JP WO2002061675 A1 JPWO2002061675 A1 JP WO2002061675A1
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Prior art keywords
antenna coil
capacitor
capacitance
rfid
identification medium
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Japanese (ja)
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武宏 大川
武宏 大川
宏 吉木
宏 吉木
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Renesas Technology Corp
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Renesas Technology Corp
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/20Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by the transmission technique; characterised by the transmission medium
    • H04B5/22Capacitive coupling
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06KGRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0723Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
    • G06K19/0726Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs the arrangement including a circuit for tuning the resonance frequency of an antenna on the record carrier
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06KGRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

共振回路を有する非接触識別媒体において、IC端子間キャパシタの製造上の差異を補正する工程を無くすため、共振回路の共振周波数への影響が少ない部位にICを接続する。こうすることによって、IC端子間キャパシタンスの製造上の差異を補正する工程を無くした安価な非接触識別媒体を提供できるという利点がある。In a non-contact identification medium having a resonance circuit, an IC is connected to a portion of the resonance circuit that has little influence on the resonance frequency in order to eliminate a step of correcting a difference in manufacturing the capacitor between the IC terminals. By doing so, there is an advantage that an inexpensive non-contact identification medium can be provided that eliminates the step of correcting the manufacturing difference in capacitance between IC terminals.

Description

技術分野
非接触ICカードや無線タグなど電池を有しない非接触識別媒体に関する。
背景技術
情報を電子回路に記憶し非接触で情報通信を行う非接触ICカードや無線タグなどの非接触識別媒体(以下、本明細書においては非接触識別媒体を指す用語であるRFID(RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION)を用いる)のうち電池を有しないRFIDは通信を行う外部機器のアンテナから放射される特定の周波数の電磁界を搬送波としてアンテナコイルで受信し、アンテナコイルに接続されるIC内で直流電力に変換しIC自身に使用される。該ICはRFIDのアンテナコイルと外部機器のアンテナを介して外部機器との通信を行う。
近年RFIDへの期待が高まり、より便利に使うために外部機器とRFID間の通信距離を外部機器の電磁界出力など与えられた条件の中でできるだけ伸ばすことが要求されている。
外部機器とRFID間の通信距離を伸ばす手段としては、効率良く電力を受信するために図1の従来技術の一例としてのRFIDの基本回路ブロック構成図の回路ブロック構成で示すように、RFIDのアンテナコイルに並列にコンデンサを接続し、搬送波の周波数に合わせた共振回路を形成する技術が一般に使用されている。電力を最大限に受けるためにICも該コンデンサに並列に接続されている。図1に示す従来技術の一例としてのRFID基本回路ブロック構成図において、アンテナコイル1の両端に並列共振用のコンデンサ2が接続され、該コンデンサのキャパシタンスに比して小さな値の端子間キャパシタンス3AのIC3が該コンデンサ2と並列に接続される。
共振周波数は該コンデンサ2のキャパシタンスと該IC3の端子間キャパシタンス3Aを加算したものと該アンテナコイル1のインダクタンスとで決まる。
該コンデンサ2はRFID基材である極薄い誘電体への両面メタライズパターンによって形成される。
アンテナコイル1のインダクタンス及び両面メタライズパターンによって形成されるコンデンサ2のキャパシタンスは製造上精度を保てるが、該IC3のアンテナコイルとの接続端キャパシタンス3Aは製造上の各種要因により20〜30%程度のばらつきが生ぜざるを得ない。このばらつきは共振周波数に直接影響する。そのため、共振回路を所定の共振周波数に合わせる手段として該メタライズパターンで形成されるコンデンサのトリミング(例えば特開平11−353440)を行っている。
図2はこれまでの技術の一例としての共振用コンデンサ2を両面メタライズパターンによって形成した場合のRFIDの回路ブロック構成図である。
図1の回路ブロック構成にトリミング用のコンデンサ2A〜2Hを付加したもので、コンデンサ2A〜2Hのキャパシタンスの合計がIC3の接続端子間キャパシタンス3Aの製造上の差異を包含する値に形成され、該IC3の接続端子間キャパシタンス3Aによる共振周波数の差異を補正するため該コンデンサ2A〜2Hの必要な共振周波数にあわせるために該当する接続点を切断するトリミングを行う。
図3は前述の構成をカード型RFIDに適用した実装図の一例である。
図3において、基材4は透明に表記しているが極く薄い1/50mm厚のポリーミド材を使用し、該基材4裏面のメタライズパターンによりアンテナコイル1を、該基材4両面のメタライズパターンにより共振用コンデンサ2および2A〜2Hを形成している。該アンテナコイル1の外周端はスルホール加工により表面側パターンに接続され該コンデンサ2および2A〜2Hの表面側に接続されると共にスルホール加工により裏面パターンに接続され、IC3の一方の端子に接続される。該アンテナコイル1の内周端は該ICの他の一方の端子に接続されると共に該コンデンサ2および2A〜2Hの裏面側に接続される。該IC3を実装後、共振周波数が測定され、必要な共振周波数にするために該コンデンサ2A〜2Hの該当する接続点を機械的に切断するトリミングが行われる。
図4は、これまでの技術の別例を示してあり、外部メタライズパターンによるコンデンサに値するコンデンサをIC内に半導体により形成したものの回路ブロック構成図である。
前記半導体により形成されたコンデンサのキャパシタンスを所定の値にするためレーザ加工などによって前記同様のトリミングを行う。
また、特開2000−278172号公報にアンテナコイルと並列に共振回路を形成し、負荷回路の入力インピーダンスと該共振回路からの出力インピーダンスが等しくなる該アンテナコイル中間もしくは延長の点と該負荷回路を接続することで(いわゆるインピーダンス整合)効率よく電力伝送を行う非接触識別媒体(RFID)が記載されている。
発明の開示
ICのアンテナコイル接続用端子間のキャパシタンスはIC製作上の要因で差異が生じるため、RFIDとしての共振周波数を正確に合わせるためには、メタライズパターンで形成されるコンデンサのトリミングか、IC内コンデンサ形成回路部分のトリミングのどちらかの方法によるトリミング行程が必然となり多大な作業時間と経費が生じていた。本発明は、前記問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、ICのアンテナコイル接続用端子間容量のばらつきによる共振周波数への影響を微少にする回路構成にすることで、トリミングを行う必要の無いRFIDを提供することができる。
本発明のRFIDでは、アンテナコイルのインダクタンスと該アンテナコイルに接続された共振用コンデンサのキャパシタンスとで電力搬送波周波数に合わせた共振回路を形成したRFIDにおいて、電力供給を受けるICと該アンテナコイルとの接続点が該コンデンサと並列接続となっていないことを特徴とする。この特徴を有する理由は以下の通りである。
すなわち、ICの端子間キャパシタンスの差異が共振周波数に与える影響を少なくするため、共振回路をアンテナコイルと該アンテナコイルに接続されるメタライズパターンで形成したコンデンサとで形成し、該アンテナコイルの一部分をICと接続する。図5は本発明の一例としてのRFIDの回路ブロック構成図である。図5において、アンテナコイル1の両端に共振用のコンデンサ2が接続され、該コンデンサ2のキャパシタンスに比して小さな値の端子間キャパシタンス3AのIC3が該アンテナコイルの一端と中間とに接続される。
共振周波数は該アンテナコイル1全体のインダクタンスと該コンデンサ2のキャパシタンスが支配的に作用し、IC3の端子間キャパシタンスの変化に対しての影響は著しく少なくなる。ただし、該コンデンサ2のキャパシタンスと該IC3の端子間キャパシタンスの比が大きいほど効果があり、2:1以上であることが望ましい。
また、該IC3の端子間レジスタンスによる共振回路のQへのダンピング効果も著しく少なくなり、製造上差異による通信可能距離への影響も極端に少なくなる。
また、共振周波数に支配的に作用する該コンデンサ2を誘電体基材への両面メタライズパターンで形成することによりコンデンサとしての耐電圧に配慮する必要がなく、該アンテナコイル1の巻き数を多く設定することが可能となり、アンテナコイル1とIC3への接続点を選択することで該IC3へ必要最小限の電力供給が可能となり、該IC3内に過度な電力供給による破損を未然に防ぐための過電圧保護回路を設ける必要がなくなる。
図6はこれまでの技術である図1に示す回路ブロック構成におけるRFID、送信側アンテナコイル間距離によるRFIDのアンテナコイル1両端電圧を示すグラフ図の1例であり、IC3の端子間キャパシタンス3Aと同値のコンデンサを該IC3と置き換え測定したものである。なお、この場合のコンデンサ2とIC3の端子間キャパシタンスの比は約9:1である。
図6において、曲線6Aで示すIC3の端子間キャパシタンスと等しいコンデンサと並列に接続されるコンデンサ2のキャパシタンスを調整することで共振周波数を外部機器からの搬送周波数に合わせた場合と、曲線6Bで示す前記調整済みコンデンサ2の状態でIC3と置き換えたコンデンサのキャパシタンスを30%増量した場合との比較を示している。図で明らかなごとく従来技術ではコンデンサ2とIC3の合成キャパシタンスのわずかな差異が通信距離に甚大な影響をもたらすことを示している。
なお、曲線6Cは実際のICを接続した場合の測定値であり、ICの端子間レジスタンスの影響で共振回路のQが下がることにより曲線6Aと違う軌跡となっている。
技術が進み、ICの消費電力が少なくなっていくことは必然であるが、それは端子間レジスタンスが高くなることとなり、共振回路へのダンピング効果が減少することとでQが高くなり、ひいては高い電圧がICにかかることになる。ICの消費電力が少なくなるとICの耐電圧の点からアンテナコイルの設計し直しが必然となることおも示している。
図7は本発明の一例である図5のRFIDにおける特性例であり、前記同様IC3の端子間キャパシタンスと同値のコンデンサを該IC3と置き換え測定したもので、該IC3と置き換えた該コンデンサの両端電圧と送信側アンテナコイルとの距離のグラフ図の1例であり、図5において、曲線7Aで示す前項と同じ処置で外部機器からの搬送周波数とRFIDの共振周波数を正確に合わせた場合と、曲線7Bで示す前項と同様にIC3と置き換えたコンデンサのキャパシタンスを30%増量した場合と曲線7Cで示す100%増量した場合との比較を示している。なお、30%増量した場合は前記曲線7Aとほぼ等しい軌跡となっている。図で明らかなごとく、IC3の製造上における端子間キャパシタンスの変化による共振周波数への影響が微少であることを示している。
また、曲線7Dは実際のICを接続した場合の測定値であり、ICの端子間レジスタンスの影響による共振回路のQ変化は微小で、ほぼ曲線7Aと等しい軌跡となっている。
従来技術においてはアンテナコイルのレジスタンスを極力小さなものとしなければ共振回路のQが小さくなり、通信距離が伸びないため、通信距離を多く必要とするRFIDは銅やアルミニウムなどでアンテナコイルを形成せざるを得なかったが、本発明によれば、アンテナコイルの形成に比抵抗の高い材料、例えば銀ペーストなどの材料を使用することが可能となる。
発明を実施するための最良の形態
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面を参照して説明する。なお、本発明は以下の実施例により限定されるものではない。
図8は本発明の一例として図5で示す回路ブロック構成をカード状RFIDに適用した実装図の一例である。図8において、基材4は透明に表記しているが極く薄い1/50mm厚のポリーミド材を使用し、該基材4裏面のメタライズパターンによりアンテナコイル1を、該基材4両面のメタライズパターンにより共振用コンデンサ2を形成している。該アンテナコイル1の内周端はIC3の一方の端子と該コンデンサ2の裏面側に接続される。該アンテナコイル1の内周端から1ターンの部位は該IC3の他方の端子へ接続される。該アンテナコイル1の外周端はスルホール加工により表面側に接続され、該コンデンサ2の表面側に接続される。
図9は本発明の一例として図5で示す回路ブロック構成をカード状RFIDに適用した実装図の他の一例でありIC3の破損を避けるためにIC3を極力カード外側に実装する配置となっている。図9において、基材4は透明に表記しているが極く薄い1/50mm厚のポリーミド材を使用し、該基材4裏面のメタライズパターンによりアンテナコイル1を、該基材4両面のメタライズパターンにより共振用コンデンサ2を形成している。該アンテナコイル1の外周端はIC3の一方の端子と該コンデンサ2の裏面側に接続される。該アンテナコイル1の外周端から1ターンの部位は該IC3の他方の端子へ接続される。該アンテナコイル1の内周端はスルホール加工により表面側に接続され、該コンデンサ2の表面側に接続される。
図10は本発明応用の一例としての回路ブロック図である。
図11は図10で示した回路構成をカード状RFIDに実装した一例の図である。図11において、基材4は透明に表記しているが極く薄い1/50mm厚のポリーミド材を使用し、該基材4裏面のメタライズパターンによりアンテナコイル1を、該基材4両面のメタライズパターンにより共振用コンデンサ2を形成している。該アンテナコイル1の外周端はIC3の一方の端子に接続され、該アンテナコイル1の外周端から1ターンの部位は該IC3の他方の端子と該コンデンサ2の裏面側に接続される。該アンテナコイル1の内周端はスルホール加工により表面側に接続され、該コンデンサ2の表面側に接続される。
図12は本発明応用の他の一例としての回路ブロック図である
図13は図12で示した回路構成ををカード状RFIDに実装した一例の図である。図13において、基材4は透明に表記しているが極く薄い1/50mm厚のポリーミド材を使用し、該基材4裏面のメタライズパターンによりアンテナコイル1およびアンテナコイル1Aを、該基材4両面のメタライズパターンにより共振用コンデンサ2を形成している。該アンテナコイル1Aの両端はIC3に接続される。該アンテナコイル1Aの内側に配置された該アンテナコイル1の外周端は該コンデンサ2の裏面側に接続され、該アンテナコイル1の内周端はスルホール加工により表面側に接続され、該コンデンサ2の表面側に接続される。
図14は本発明応用の他の一例としてのカード状RFIDの実装図であり、図9で説明したRFIDと放射アンテナ7にIC8が接続された使用周波数が10倍以上違うRFIDを一枚のカードに収めたものである。
産業上の利用可能性
ICの端子間キャパシタンスの製造差異を補正する行程の必要が無い、安価なRFIDを提供できるという利点がある。また、ICへの電力供給を最適化することが安易にでき、ICの発熱を押さえ、破損を未然に防ぎ、信頼性の高いRFID提供することができるという利点がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
図1は従来技術の一例としてのRFID基本回路ブロック構成図である。
図2は従来技術の一例としてのRFIDの回路ブロック構成図である。
図3は図2で示す従来技術の実施形態の一例としてのカード状RFIDの実装図である。
図4は従来技術の他の一例としてのRFIDの回路ブロック構成図である。
図5は本発明の一例としてのRFIDの回路ブロック構成図である。
図6は従来技術の実施形態の一例としてのRFIDにおけるICの端子間キャパシタンスの影響を示すグラフ図である。
図7は本発明の実施形態の一例としてのRFIDにおけるICの端子間キャパシタンスの影響を示すグラフ図である。
図8は図5で示す本発明の回路ブロック構成を適用した一例としてのカード状RFIDの実装図である。
図9は図5で示す本発明の回路ブロック構成を適用した他の一例としてのカード状RFIDの実装図である。
図10は本発明応用の一例としての回路構成ブロック図である。
図11は図10で示す本発明の回路ブロック構成を適用した一例としてのカード状RFIDの実装図である。
図12は本発明応用の他の一例としての回路構成ブロック図である。
図13は図12で示す本発明の回路ブロック構成を適用した一例としてのカード状RFIDの実装図である。
図14は本発明のRFIDと他のRFIDを一枚のカードに実装したカード状RFIDの実装図である。
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a non-contact identification medium having no battery, such as a non-contact IC card and a wireless tag.
Background Art A non-contact identification medium such as a non-contact IC card or a wireless tag that stores information in an electronic circuit and performs non-contact information communication (hereinafter referred to as a RFID (radio frequency) that indicates a non-contact identification medium in the present specification. RFID that does not have a battery receives an electromagnetic field of a specific frequency radiated from an antenna of an external device for communication as a carrier wave in an antenna coil, and performs direct current power in an IC connected to the antenna coil. And used by the IC itself. The IC communicates with an external device via an RFID antenna coil and an external device antenna.
In recent years, expectations for RFID have increased, and it has been demanded that the communication distance between the external device and the RFID be extended as much as possible under given conditions such as the electromagnetic field output of the external device in order to use the device more conveniently.
As means for extending the communication distance between the external device and the RFID, as shown in the circuit block configuration of the basic circuit block diagram of the RFID as an example of the prior art in FIG. A technique of connecting a capacitor in parallel with a coil to form a resonance circuit in accordance with the frequency of a carrier is generally used. An IC is also connected in parallel with the capacitor to receive maximum power. In an RFID basic circuit block diagram as an example of the prior art shown in FIG. 1, a capacitor 2 for parallel resonance is connected to both ends of an antenna coil 1 and a terminal capacitance 3A having a smaller value than the capacitance of the capacitor. An IC 3 is connected in parallel with the capacitor 2.
The resonance frequency is determined by the sum of the capacitance of the capacitor 2 and the capacitance 3A between the terminals of the IC 3 and the inductance of the antenna coil 1.
The capacitor 2 is formed by a double-sided metallized pattern on an ultra-thin dielectric which is an RFID substrate.
Although the inductance of the antenna coil 1 and the capacitance of the capacitor 2 formed by the double-sided metallized pattern can maintain the manufacturing accuracy, the capacitance 3A of the connection end of the IC 3 with the antenna coil varies by about 20 to 30% due to various manufacturing factors. Has to be born. This variation directly affects the resonance frequency. Therefore, as means for adjusting the resonance circuit to a predetermined resonance frequency, trimming of a capacitor formed by the metallized pattern (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-353440) is performed.
FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram of the RFID when the resonance capacitor 2 as an example of the conventional technique is formed by a double-sided metallized pattern.
1 is obtained by adding trimming capacitors 2A to 2H to the circuit block configuration of FIG. 1. The total capacitance of the capacitors 2A to 2H is formed to a value that includes the manufacturing difference of the capacitance 3A between the connection terminals of the IC 3. In order to correct the difference in resonance frequency due to the capacitance 3A between the connection terminals of the IC 3, trimming is performed to cut off the corresponding connection point to match the required resonance frequency of the capacitors 2A to 2H.
FIG. 3 is an example of a mounting diagram in which the above-described configuration is applied to a card-type RFID.
In FIG. 3, the base material 4 is shown as transparent, but an extremely thin 1/50 mm thick polyimide material is used, and the antenna coil 1 is metallized on both surfaces of the base material 4 by the metallization pattern on the back surface of the base material 4. The resonance capacitors 2 and 2A to 2H are formed by the pattern. The outer peripheral end of the antenna coil 1 is connected to the front side pattern by through-hole processing, connected to the front side of the capacitors 2 and 2A to 2H, connected to the back side pattern by through-hole processing, and connected to one terminal of the IC3. . The inner peripheral end of the antenna coil 1 is connected to the other terminal of the IC and to the back side of the capacitors 2 and 2A to 2H. After mounting the IC 3, the resonance frequency is measured, and trimming for mechanically cutting the corresponding connection point of the capacitors 2A to 2H is performed to obtain a required resonance frequency.
FIG. 4 shows another example of the conventional technique, and is a circuit block configuration diagram of a case where a capacitor corresponding to a capacitor based on an external metallization pattern is formed in a semiconductor in an IC.
The same trimming as described above is performed by laser processing or the like to set the capacitance of the capacitor formed of the semiconductor to a predetermined value.
Also, a resonance circuit is formed in parallel with an antenna coil in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-278172, and a point in the middle or extension of the antenna coil where the input impedance of the load circuit is equal to the output impedance from the resonance circuit and the load circuit are connected. A non-contact identification medium (RFID) that efficiently transmits power by connecting (so-called impedance matching) is described.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Since the capacitance between the antenna coil connection terminals of the IC varies depending on factors in manufacturing the IC, it is necessary to trim the capacitor formed by a metallized pattern or to adjust the resonance frequency as the RFID accurately. The trimming process by either of the methods of trimming the internal capacitor forming circuit portion is inevitable, resulting in a large amount of work time and cost. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and eliminates the need for trimming by employing a circuit configuration that minimizes the influence on the resonance frequency due to variations in the capacitance between the antenna coil connection terminals of the IC. An RFID can be provided.
In the RFID of the present invention, in an RFID in which a resonance circuit is formed in accordance with a power carrier frequency by an inductance of an antenna coil and a capacitance of a resonance capacitor connected to the antenna coil, an IC receiving power supply and the antenna coil are connected. The connection point is not connected in parallel with the capacitor. The reason for having this feature is as follows.
That is, in order to reduce the influence of the difference in capacitance between the terminals of the IC on the resonance frequency, a resonance circuit is formed by an antenna coil and a capacitor formed by a metallization pattern connected to the antenna coil, and a part of the antenna coil is formed. Connect to IC. FIG. 5 is a circuit block diagram of an RFID as an example of the present invention. In FIG. 5, a resonance capacitor 2 is connected to both ends of an antenna coil 1, and an IC 3 having a terminal capacitance 3A having a smaller value than the capacitance of the capacitor 2 is connected to one end and the middle of the antenna coil. .
The resonance frequency is dominated by the inductance of the entire antenna coil 1 and the capacitance of the capacitor 2, and the influence on the change in the capacitance between the terminals of the IC 3 is significantly reduced. However, the effect is greater as the ratio of the capacitance of the capacitor 2 to the capacitance between the terminals of the IC 3 is larger, and it is preferable that the ratio is 2: 1 or more.
Further, the damping effect on the Q of the resonance circuit due to the resistance between the terminals of the IC 3 is significantly reduced, and the influence on the communicable distance due to manufacturing differences is also significantly reduced.
Further, by forming the capacitor 2 acting dominantly on the resonance frequency with a double-sided metallized pattern on the dielectric substrate, it is not necessary to consider the withstand voltage of the capacitor, and the number of turns of the antenna coil 1 is set to be large. By selecting a connection point between the antenna coil 1 and the IC 3, it is possible to supply a minimum necessary power to the IC 3, and an overvoltage for preventing damage to the IC 3 due to excessive power supply is prevented. There is no need to provide a protection circuit.
FIG. 6 is an example of a graph showing the voltage between both ends of the antenna coil 1 of the RFID according to the distance between the RFID and the transmitting antenna coil in the circuit block configuration shown in FIG. The measurement was performed by replacing a capacitor having the same value with the IC3. In this case, the ratio of the capacitance between the terminals of the capacitor 2 and the IC 3 is about 9: 1.
In FIG. 6, the resonance frequency is adjusted to the carrier frequency from the external device by adjusting the capacitance of the capacitor 2 connected in parallel with the capacitor equal to the capacitance between the terminals of the IC 3 shown by the curve 6A, and shown by the curve 6B. This shows a comparison with the case where the capacitance of the capacitor replaced with the IC 3 in the state of the adjusted capacitor 2 is increased by 30%. As is apparent from the figure, the prior art shows that a slight difference in the combined capacitance of the capacitor 2 and the IC 3 has a great effect on the communication distance.
Note that the curve 6C is a measured value when an actual IC is connected, and has a locus different from that of the curve 6A because the Q of the resonance circuit decreases due to the resistance between the terminals of the IC.
As technology advances, it is inevitable that the power consumption of ICs will decrease, but this will mean that the resistance between terminals will increase, and the damping effect on the resonant circuit will decrease, resulting in a higher Q and, consequently, a higher voltage. Will affect the IC. This also indicates that when the power consumption of the IC decreases, it is necessary to redesign the antenna coil from the viewpoint of the withstand voltage of the IC.
FIG. 7 shows an example of the characteristics of the RFID of FIG. 5 which is an example of the present invention, in which a capacitor having the same value as the inter-terminal capacitance of IC3 is replaced with IC3 and the voltage across the capacitor replaced with IC3 is measured. FIG. 5 is an example of a graph of the distance between the antenna and the transmitting-side antenna coil. In FIG. 5, the case where the carrier frequency from the external device and the resonance frequency of the RFID are accurately matched by the same treatment as the previous item shown by the curve 7A, and FIG. 7B shows a comparison between a case where the capacitance of the capacitor replaced with IC3 is increased by 30% and a case where the capacitance is increased by 100% as shown by a curve 7C in the same manner as in the previous section shown by 7B. When the amount is increased by 30%, the locus is substantially the same as the curve 7A. As is apparent from the figure, the influence on the resonance frequency due to the change in the inter-terminal capacitance in the manufacture of the IC 3 is small.
The curve 7D is a measured value when an actual IC is connected, and the Q change of the resonance circuit due to the influence of the resistance between the terminals of the IC is very small and has a locus substantially equal to the curve 7A.
In the related art, unless the resistance of the antenna coil is made as small as possible, the Q of the resonance circuit becomes small and the communication distance does not increase. Therefore, the RFID that requires a large communication distance has to form the antenna coil with copper, aluminum, or the like. However, according to the present invention, a material having a high specific resistance, for example, a material such as silver paste can be used for forming the antenna coil.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited by the following examples.
FIG. 8 is an example of a mounting diagram in which the circuit block configuration shown in FIG. 5 is applied to a card-shaped RFID as an example of the present invention. In FIG. 8, the base material 4 is shown as transparent, but a very thin 1/50 mm thick polyimide material is used, and the antenna coil 1 is metallized on both surfaces of the base material 4 by the metallization pattern on the back surface of the base material 4. The resonance capacitor 2 is formed by the pattern. The inner peripheral end of the antenna coil 1 is connected to one terminal of the IC 3 and the back side of the capacitor 2. One turn from the inner peripheral end of the antenna coil 1 is connected to the other terminal of the IC 3. The outer peripheral end of the antenna coil 1 is connected to the front side by through-hole processing, and connected to the front side of the capacitor 2.
FIG. 9 shows another example of a mounting diagram in which the circuit block configuration shown in FIG. 5 is applied to a card-shaped RFID as an example of the present invention. In order to avoid damage to the IC 3, the IC 3 is mounted on the outside of the card as much as possible. . In FIG. 9, the substrate 4 is shown as transparent, but a very thin 1/50 mm thick polyimide material is used, and the antenna coil 1 is metallized on both surfaces of the substrate 4 by the metallization pattern on the back surface of the substrate 4. The resonance capacitor 2 is formed by the pattern. The outer peripheral end of the antenna coil 1 is connected to one terminal of the IC 3 and the back side of the capacitor 2. One turn from the outer peripheral end of the antenna coil 1 is connected to the other terminal of the IC 3. The inner peripheral end of the antenna coil 1 is connected to the front side by through-hole processing, and connected to the front side of the capacitor 2.
FIG. 10 is a circuit block diagram as an example of the application of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a diagram of an example in which the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 10 is mounted on a card-shaped RFID. In FIG. 11, the substrate 4 is shown as transparent, but a very thin 1/50 mm thick polyimide material is used, and the antenna coil 1 is metallized on both surfaces of the substrate 4 by the metallization pattern on the back surface of the substrate 4. The resonance capacitor 2 is formed by the pattern. The outer peripheral end of the antenna coil 1 is connected to one terminal of the IC 3, and one turn from the outer peripheral end of the antenna coil 1 is connected to the other terminal of the IC 3 and the back side of the capacitor 2. The inner peripheral end of the antenna coil 1 is connected to the front side by through-hole processing, and connected to the front side of the capacitor 2.
FIG. 12 is a circuit block diagram as another example of application of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a diagram of an example in which the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 12 is mounted on a card-shaped RFID. In FIG. 13, the base material 4 is shown as transparent, but a very thin 1/50 mm thick polyimide material is used, and the antenna coil 1 and the antenna coil 1A are formed by the metallization pattern on the back surface of the base material 4. The resonance capacitor 2 is formed by the four-sided metallized pattern. Both ends of the antenna coil 1A are connected to the IC3. The outer peripheral end of the antenna coil 1 disposed inside the antenna coil 1A is connected to the back side of the capacitor 2, and the inner peripheral end of the antenna coil 1 is connected to the front side by through-hole processing. Connected to the front side.
FIG. 14 is a mounting diagram of a card-shaped RFID as another example of the application of the present invention. The RFID described in FIG. 9 is different from the RFID described in FIG. It is stored in.
Industrial Applicability There is an advantage that an inexpensive RFID can be provided without the need for a process of correcting a manufacturing difference in capacitance between terminals of an IC. Further, there is an advantage that power supply to the IC can be optimized easily, heat generation of the IC can be suppressed, breakage can be prevented, and a highly reliable RFID can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an RFID basic circuit as an example of the prior art.
FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram of an RFID as an example of the related art.
FIG. 3 is a mounting diagram of a card-shaped RFID as an example of the embodiment of the prior art shown in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a circuit block diagram of an RFID as another example of the related art.
FIG. 5 is a circuit block diagram of an RFID as an example of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the influence of inter-terminal capacitance of an IC in an RFID as an example of a conventional technology.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the influence of inter-terminal capacitance of an IC in an RFID as an example of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a mounting diagram of a card-shaped RFID as an example to which the circuit block configuration of the present invention shown in FIG. 5 is applied.
FIG. 9 is a mounting diagram of a card-shaped RFID as another example to which the circuit block configuration of the present invention shown in FIG. 5 is applied.
FIG. 10 is a circuit configuration block diagram as an example of the application of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a mounting diagram of a card-shaped RFID as an example to which the circuit block configuration of the present invention shown in FIG. 10 is applied.
FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a circuit configuration as another example of the application of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a mounting diagram of a card-shaped RFID as an example to which the circuit block configuration of the present invention shown in FIG. 12 is applied.
FIG. 14 is a mounting diagram of a card-shaped RFID in which the RFID of the present invention and another RFID are mounted on one card.

Claims (5)

アンテナコイルのインダクタンスと該アンテナコイルに接続された共振用コンデンサのキャパシタンスとで電力搬送波周波数に合わせた共振回路を形成した非接触識別媒体において、電力供給を受けるIC(Integrated Circuit)と該アンテナコイルとの接続点が該コンデンサと並列接続となっていないことを特徴とする非接触識別媒体。An IC (Integrated Circuit) receiving power supply in a non-contact identification medium in which a resonance circuit adjusted to a power carrier frequency is formed by an inductance of an antenna coil and a capacitance of a resonance capacitor connected to the antenna coil; Wherein the connection point is not connected in parallel with the capacitor. 請求項1の非接触識別媒体において、該アンテナコイルと電力供給を受けるICとの接続が該アンテナコイル巻き数の2分の1以下であることを特徴とする非接触識別媒体。2. The non-contact identification medium according to claim 1, wherein a connection between the antenna coil and an IC supplied with electric power is equal to or less than half the number of turns of the antenna coil. 請求項1の非接触識別媒体において、共振用コンデンサのキャパシタンスがICの入力端キャパシタンスの2倍以上であることを特徴とする非接触識別媒体。2. The non-contact identification medium according to claim 1, wherein the capacitance of the resonance capacitor is at least twice the capacitance of the input terminal of the IC. 請求項1の非接触識別媒体において、共振用コンデンサが非接触識別媒体基材としての誘電体両面のメタライズパターンによって形成されていることを特徴とする非接触識別媒体。2. The non-contact identification medium according to claim 1, wherein the resonance capacitor is formed by a metallized pattern on both surfaces of a dielectric as a non-contact identification medium base material. 請求項3の非接触識別媒体において、アンテナコイルおよびコンデンサが銀ペースト印刷により形成されていることを特徴とする非接触識別媒体。4. The non-contact identification medium according to claim 3, wherein the antenna coil and the capacitor are formed by silver paste printing.
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