JPS6332858A - Fuel cell - Google Patents
Fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6332858A JPS6332858A JP61176145A JP17614586A JPS6332858A JP S6332858 A JPS6332858 A JP S6332858A JP 61176145 A JP61176145 A JP 61176145A JP 17614586 A JP17614586 A JP 17614586A JP S6332858 A JPS6332858 A JP S6332858A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pair
- electrode
- base material
- electrode base
- catalyst
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/08—Fuel cells with aqueous electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
この発明は、積層形燃料電池のセル構成に関するもので
ある。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a cell configuration of a stacked fuel cell.
第４図は例えば、特公昭５８−１５２号公報に示された
従来の、最も代表的なセル構成を示す断面図であり、図
において（１）は電解質マトリックス、（２）および（
３）は一対の電極、（４）および（５）は一対の電極基
材、（６）および（７）は一対の電極触媒層、（８）お
よび（９）は湿潤ガスシール部、０口はガス分離板（セ
パレータ、インタコネクタとも呼ばれる。）αＤおよび
（２）は互いに直交する燃料と酸化剤ガスのガス流路で
ある。ここで、電極触媒層（６１，＋７１は電極基材（
４）。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the most typical conventional cell configuration shown in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-152. In the figure, (1) is an electrolyte matrix, (2) and (
3) is a pair of electrodes, (4) and (5) are a pair of electrode base materials, (6) and (7) are a pair of electrode catalyst layers, (8) and (9) are a wet gas seal part, and 0 ports. is a gas separation plate (also called a separator or interconnector) αD and (2) are gas flow paths for fuel and oxidizing gas that are orthogonal to each other. Here, the electrode catalyst layer (61, +71 is the electrode base material (
4).
（５）上に塗布されているのが通常で、この種の製法の
一例は時開５７−１６８４７３号公報にも記されている
。(5) is usually coated on top, and an example of this type of manufacturing method is also described in Jikai No. 57-168473.
次に動作について説明する。ガス分離板αのは不遇気性
の例えば緻密な炭素の板でその両面に互いに直交するガ
ス流路αυ、ａｊを形成している。一方、電極基材（４
１，＋５１は、ポーラスな例えば炭素繊維で構成されて
おり、電極製造においては電極触媒層＋６１． ＋７１
を支持形成すると共に、実動時においてはガス流路αＤ
、側へ供給された燃料および酸化剤ガスをこの中を拡散
させて電極触媒層＋６１． ＋７１の全面に供給する。Next, the operation will be explained. The gas separation plate α is a plate made of, for example, dense carbon, and has gas passages αυ and aj orthogonal to each other formed on both sides thereof. On the other hand, the electrode base material (4
1, +51 is made of porous carbon fiber, for example, and in electrode production, it is used as an electrode catalyst layer +61. +71
At the same time, during actual operation, the gas flow path αD
, the fuel and oxidant gas supplied to the electrode catalyst layer +61. Supply to the entire surface of +71.
電極触媒層（６１，＋？）に達した両ガスは、電解質マ
トリックス＋１１を通して反応し、発電する。Both gases that have reached the electrode catalyst layer (61, +?) react through the electrolyte matrix +11 to generate electricity.
ここで、反応に使われなかった余剰ガスや反応生成物は
、ガス流路αＤ、（２）を通して外部へ排出される、湿
潤ガスシール（８１，（９）は燃料および酸化剤ガスが
ポーラスな電極基材ｆ４１． （５１から外部へ漏洩す
るのを防いでいる。Here, excess gas and reaction products not used in the reaction are discharged to the outside through the gas flow path αD, (2), and the wet gas seal (81, (9) Electrode base material f41. (Prevents leakage from 51 to the outside.
従来の燃料電池は以上のように構成されているので、電
極基材ｆ４１． ｆｉｌへのしみ込みが発生し、一枚の
電極の平面内でのしみ込み量の違いや、あるいは一枚一
枚の電橋面でのしみ込み量の違いが生じるため触媒の塗
工量や電極厚さが不均一となっていた。また、触媒量の
低減に対して上記、しみ込み量が存在するため制約があ
った。Since the conventional fuel cell is constructed as described above, the electrode base material f41. The coating amount of the catalyst and The electrode thickness was non-uniform. In addition, there is a restriction on reducing the amount of catalyst due to the amount of penetration described above.
更に、リブ付電極で内部リザーバを設ける場合には基材
中への触媒しみ込みの為内部リザーバのボア体積の見積
りを誤り期待したセル特性が得られない等の問題があっ
た。Further, when an internal reservoir is provided using a ribbed electrode, there is a problem that the bore volume of the internal reservoir is incorrectly estimated due to the catalyst seeping into the base material, making it impossible to obtain the expected cell characteristics.
生産性から見た場合、一枚一枚の電極基材に電極触媒お
よび電解質マトリックスを個々のプロセスを通して製造
するため不良率が積算され高くなると同時に生産性に欠
けていた。From the viewpoint of productivity, since the electrode catalyst and electrolyte matrix are manufactured through individual processes for each electrode base material, the defective rate is accumulated and high, and at the same time, productivity is lacking.
この発明は上記のような問題点を解消するためになされ
たもので、電極基材への触媒のしみ込みをなくすととも
に均一な厚さ、均一な組成の電極を高い生産性で製造し
使用できる構成の燃料電池を得ることを目的としている
。This invention was made to solve the above problems, and it eliminates the penetration of catalyst into the electrode base material, and makes it possible to manufacture and use electrodes with uniform thickness and composition with high productivity. The aim is to obtain a fuel cell with this configuration.
この発明に係る燃料電池は、一対の電極触媒層を一対の
電極基材と独立した構造としたものである。The fuel cell according to the present invention has a structure in which a pair of electrode catalyst layers are independent of a pair of electrode base materials.
この発明における燃料電池は、一対の電極触媒層を一対
の電極基材から独立させて設けたことにより、電極基材
への触媒のしみ込みが無くなり均一な触媒層になると共
に触媒量低減に対するしみ込みによる制約が回避される
。In the fuel cell according to the present invention, by providing a pair of electrode catalyst layers independently from a pair of electrode base materials, the catalyst does not seep into the electrode base material, resulting in a uniform catalyst layer, and also prevents staining due to reduction in the amount of catalyst. Inclusion constraints are avoided.
以下、この発明の一実施例を図について説明する。第１
図において、（１１は電解質マトリックス。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1st
In the figure, (11 is an electrolyte matrix.
（６１）、および（７１）は一対の電極基材（４１，＋
５１と独立して設けられた一対の電極触媒層、 Ｑ３は
電解質マトリックス（１１と一対の電極触媒層＋６１．
ｆ？ｌの何れか一方、例えば電極触媒層（６）を一体化
成形したシート状の一体化層であり、電極触媒層（ηも
シート状に成形されている。 ０１はガス分離板、αＤ
および（２）は互いに直交する燃料と酸化剤ガスのガス
流路である０次に動作について説明する。電池反応の電
極触媒層（７）、電解質マトリックス（１）／電極触媒
層（６）の一体化層０は、その両側に一対の電極基材（
４＋。(61) and (71) are a pair of electrode base materials (41, +
51 and a pair of electrode catalyst layers provided independently, Q3 is an electrolyte matrix (11 and a pair of electrode catalyst layers + 61.
f? 01 is a gas separation plate, αD
and (2) will explain the zero-order operation in which the fuel and oxidizing gas flow paths are perpendicular to each other. Electrode catalyst layer (7) for battery reaction, integrated layer 0 of electrolyte matrix (1)/electrode catalyst layer (6) has a pair of electrode base materials (
4+.
（５）を介し、さらにガス分離板（２）で挟むように積
層されている。ガス流路αυ、（２）へ供給された燃料
および酸化剤ガスはポーラスな一対の電極基材（４）。(5) and further sandwiched between gas separation plates (2). The fuel and oxidant gas supplied to the gas flow path αυ (2) are supplied to a pair of porous electrode base materials (4).
（５）の中を拡散し、一対の電極触媒層（６）、（７）
の全面に達する。電極触媒層（６）、（７）に達した両
ガスは電解質マトリックス（１）を通して反応し発電さ
れる。(5), and a pair of electrode catalyst layers (6) and (7).
reach the entire surface. Both gases that have reached the electrode catalyst layers (6) and (7) react through the electrolyte matrix (1) to generate electricity.
このような構造とすることにより、電極基材（４）。By having such a structure, the electrode base material (4).
（５）への触媒のしみ込みが無くなり均一な触媒層にな
る。また、内部リザーバを設ける電極基材では、そのボ
アボリウム、即ち電解液の充填量が正確に見積ることが
でき、安定したセル特性が得られる。(5) The catalyst does not seep into the layer, resulting in a uniform catalyst layer. Furthermore, in an electrode base material provided with an internal reservoir, its bore volume, that is, the amount of electrolyte filled can be accurately estimated, and stable cell characteristics can be obtained.
また、電極触媒層（７）、一体化層α簿はシート状に成
形されるので、個々のプロセスを通らないので、不良率
の低減が図れ生産性が向上する。In addition, since the electrode catalyst layer (7) and the integrated layer α are formed into a sheet, they do not go through individual processes, thereby reducing the defective rate and improving productivity.
なお、上記実施例では、ガス分離板Ｏ１がリブ付で、電
極基材＋４＋、ｔｓ＋が平板のリブ付セパレータタイプ
の構造について説明したが、第２図に示すリブ付電極タ
イプや第３図に示すハイブリッドタイプの構造に適用し
てもよく、上記実施例と同様の効果が得られる。In the above embodiment, the structure of the ribbed separator type in which the gas separation plate O1 is ribbed and the electrode base materials +4+ and ts+ are flat plates has been explained. The present invention may also be applied to the hybrid type structure shown, and the same effects as in the above embodiment can be obtained.
また、上記実施例では、電解質マトリックス（１）と電
極触媒層（６）とを一体化成形した場合について述べた
が、電解質マトリックス＋１１と電極触媒層（７）とを
一体化成形するようにしてもよく、上記実施例と同様の
効果を奏する。Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the electrolyte matrix (1) and the electrode catalyst layer (6) are integrally molded is described, but the electrolyte matrix +11 and the electrode catalyst layer (7) are integrally molded. The same effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained.
以上の様に、この発明によれば、一対の電極触媒層を一
対の電極基材から独立した構造としたので電極基材中へ
触媒がしみ込まなくなり、均一な厚さ、均一な組成の電
極が得られると共に、触媒量低減のしみ込み量に対する
制約が回避されるようになった。As described above, according to the present invention, since the pair of electrode catalyst layers are structured independently from the pair of electrode base materials, the catalyst does not penetrate into the electrode base materials, and the electrodes have a uniform thickness and a uniform composition. At the same time, restrictions on the penetration amount due to reduction in the amount of catalyst can be avoided.
第１図はこの発明の一実施例による燃料電池を示す断面
図、第２図、第３図はそれぞれこの発明の他の実施例を
示す断面図、第４図は従来の燃料電池を示す断面図であ
る。
図において、（１１は電解質マトリックス、（４）およ
び（５）は電極基材、（６）および（７）は電極触媒層
、 Ｑｌはガス分離板、α簿は一体化層である。
尚、図中同一符号は同−又は相当部分を示す。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a fuel cell according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are sectional views showing other embodiments of the invention, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a conventional fuel cell. It is a diagram. In the figure, (11 is the electrolyte matrix, (4) and (5) are the electrode base materials, (6) and (7) are the electrode catalyst layers, Ql is the gas separation plate, and α is the integrated layer. The same reference numerals in the figures indicate the same or corresponding parts.
Claims (2)
び電極基材を、ガス分離板を介して複数個積層するもの
において、前記一対の電極触媒層が前記一対の電極基材
から独立した構造としたことを特徴とする燃料電池。(1) In a structure in which a plurality of a pair of electrode catalyst layers and an electrode base material sandwiching an electrolyte matrix are laminated with a gas separation plate in between, the pair of electrode catalyst layers is independent from the pair of electrode base materials. A fuel cell characterized by:
マトリックスと一体化したことを特徴とする特許請求の
範囲第１項記載の燃料電池。(2) The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein one of the pair of electrode catalyst layers is integrated with an electrolyte matrix.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61176145A JPS6332858A (en) | 1986-07-24 | 1986-07-24 | Fuel cell |
| US07/299,110 US4975342A (en) | 1986-07-24 | 1989-01-19 | Fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61176145A JPS6332858A (en) | 1986-07-24 | 1986-07-24 | Fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6332858A true JPS6332858A (en) | 1988-02-12 |
Family
ID=16008446
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61176145A Pending JPS6332858A (en) | 1986-07-24 | 1986-07-24 | Fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6332858A (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60208057A (en) * | 1984-04-02 | 1985-10-19 | Hitachi Ltd | Fuel cell |
-
1986
- 1986-07-24 JP JP61176145A patent/JPS6332858A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60208057A (en) * | 1984-04-02 | 1985-10-19 | Hitachi Ltd | Fuel cell |
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