JPS63116006A - Oil burning room heater and its operation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an oil burning room heater which is suitable for use in a vinyl plastic hothouse, etc., in an agricultural facilities and has high thermal efficiency by providing a porous heat generating body in the main body of a heater, red-heating this heat generating body and at the same time supplying water to a combustion chamber and bringing the steam generated from the water into contact with red-heated iron to burn hydrogen that is generated. CONSTITUTION:A heat generating body 3 of an oil burning room heater is provided at the flame port 25 of a burner 2, namely the port 15 of a heater and it is heated by the combustion gas. This heat generating body 3 is formed by stacking irregularly steel wool and metal nets and penetrates the firing chamber 13 of the main body 1 and has a suitable thickness in the axial direction and is supported at the inner wall of the main body 1. When the burner 2 is ignited, the combustion flame jets out into the firing chamber 13 to red-heat the heat generating body 3. On the other hand a large proportion of the water which is supplied from a water supply tank 41 to the combustion chamber by means of a water supply device 4 becomes steam and heat the inside of the house as a heater. Further, the steam is thermally decomposed at the surface of the heat generating body 3 and the generated hydrogen comes into contact with the heat generating body 13 to burn, and the heat energy of the hydrogen combustion participates in the heating of the heater.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] Heating devices that burn liquid fuel, especially kerosene, can be easily installed, so they are often used in vinyl greenhouses as agricultural facilities, and are also used as childcare environments. It is essential for the improvement and maintenance of The present invention relates to an oil-burning heating system used for such purposes, and particularly to an oil-burning heating system and an operating method that aim to increase thermal efficiency during fuel combustion.

[Conventional technology]

Heating devices may be of any shape and use any heat source, but for greenhouses, those that require large-scale equipment such as electric heating or steam are not appropriate (and from the handling point of view, it is not appropriate to use coal). It is not used as fuel.Usually, the same type of household kerosene stove is used, but it is made larger depending on the climate conditions and the scale of the greenhouse.Such a stove type stove uses kerosene It consists of a supply tank, a burner, and a main body that also serves as a heat radiator.The supply tank is installed at a high place, but it is usually installed horizontally.

FIG. 1 is a drawing of an embodiment of the present invention, which will be explained in detail later.
In terms of the basic configuration of a kerosene stove, the parts that are common to conventional technology are as follows: 1 is the main body of the stove, which is a horizontal body made of iron plate, and the vertical cross section is selected to be circular, square, semicircular, etc. .

This main body 1 includes legs 11 for stationary use and a large number of fins 1 for heat radiation.
2 with a firebox 13 inside, and a chimney 1 on one end wall.
4 is connected. A burner 2 is installed at the other end of the main body 1. The burner 2 is a blower fan 2 driven by a motor 21.
2, which is connected to a fuel tank 23 installed at a high place by a fuel pipe 24 having a cock, and has a nozzle-shaped vent 25 on the blowing side of the fan 22.

The main body 1 and the burner 2 are connected by a combustion tube 26, and the combustion is started.

One end of the boundary part 26 is fixed to the burner 2 so that the crater 25 faces the center, and the other end is open to expose the opening 15 of the main body 1.
A small diameter outer cylinder part 16 is provided in this frontage 15 to form a double pipe structure with a combustion cylinder 26. The combustion tube 26 is provided with a spark plug for the nozzle 25, and the inside thereof is used as a combustion chamber.

The stove configured in this manner burns kerosene in the combustion tube 26, sends hot air into the firebox 13 by the fan 22, and heats the main body 1 from inside, so that the purpose of heating is achieved by heat radiation from the fins 12.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

In conventional stove-style heating devices, the thermal energy from the combustion of kerosene is carried by the combustion gas and enters the firebox, heating the main body and dissipating the heat from the fins on the outside, but part of the thermal energy of the combustion gas is The gas does not completely heat the main body, and is sent to the chimney at a very high temperature, and because it contains harmful gas components, it ends up being discharged into the outside air as exhaust gas.

On the other hand, the stove can be in the form of a boiler by disposing a water pipe in the firebox and exchanging fire heat with water to obtain steam. However, it is clear that steam is not suitable for direct heating, and steam heating equipment is ultimately required.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention has been developed to improve thermal efficiency in view of the drawback that conventional stove-type heating apparatuses cannot achieve satisfactory thermal efficiency. and,
The present invention installs a heating element in the main body of a conventional stove, supplies water into the combustion chamber, and directly heats the heating element with combustion gas, which promotes heating of the main body with the heat. The main idea is to transfer thermal energy to water vapor and use that thermal energy to heat the main body, and also to make the heating element made of iron red-hot, react with the water vapor to generate hydrogen, and also use the combustion heat of the hydrogen. . Furthermore, the present invention is characterized by the structure of the heating element, the generation and action of water vapor, and the effective use of the generated heat, giving various aspects, maximizing the heat dissipation from the main body of the heating device, and reducing the heat dissipation from the chimney. The present invention proposes an oil-burning heating system and an operating method thereof that achieves the intended purpose by discharging exhaust gas at a low temperature.

〔Example〕

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The configuration of an oil combustion heating apparatus according to the present invention will be explained in detail based on drawings of embodiments.

FIG. 1 is an elevational view of an oil-burning heating device (hereinafter simply referred to as a stove) of the present invention, with a portion showing a cross section. In the figure, 1 is the cylindrical main body of the stove, and 2 is a burner, the detailed structure of which is as described above in the description of the prior art.

In the present invention, in order to improve the thermal efficiency of such a stove, a heating element 3 is installed inside the main body 1, and a water supply device 4 is added to the combustion tube 26.

The heating element 3 is provided facing the crater 25 of the burner 2 and therefore the opening 15 of the main body 1, and is heated by the combustion gas, reaches red heat and becomes a heat source itself, and is basically made of steel wool. , a well-known material such as a lump made by overlapping wire mesh irregularly is made into a wool shape, and it is simply filled across the fire bag 13 of the main body 1 to an appropriate thickness in the axial direction, and then It is supported by the inner wall of the main body 1 due to its elasticity.

The water supply device 4 includes a water tank 41, a water cock 42, and a water pipe 4.
3, the water supply tank 41 is installed at a height that takes up the water supply head, and the lower end 44 of the water supply pipe 43 opens on the upper surface near the base end of the combustion tube 26 to allow water to flow down into the combustion tube 26. supply

FIG. 2 is an explanation of another embodiment in which only the main body 1 shown in FIG. 1 is shown in cross section. It can be fixed and made to stand on its own. This molded product is a combination of the two types shown in the figure, 3A and 3B. 3A is an annular plate placed near the burner 2 in the main body 1, and 3B is a chimney 14.
It is a plate on a disk placed close to each other. In the illustrated example, the heating element 3A has a larger diameter than the heating element 3B, and is also thicker. The heating element 3 may be only one of 3A and 3B, or a plurality of the same shape may be selected in combination. The outer diameter and thickness of the plate are also design matters and can be set arbitrarily. FIG. 3 is an axial front view of the main body 1 of the heating elements 3A, 3B.

The wool-like material used for the heating element 3 is steel wool in which fine iron wires are irregularly entwined, or a product manufactured as iron netting, which is irregularly bent and overlapped. The most preferred material for the present invention is a lump made by irregularly intertwining iron facets generated from machine tools such as drills and lathes. The above-mentioned wool-like material is a mass of metal fibers, has a large specific surface area and a large porosity, and is easily permeable to gas. These wool-like materials can be easily molded into plate shapes such as 3A and 3B by manual compression processing.

FIG. 4 shows yet another embodiment of the heating element 3. In FIG. This heating element 3 differs from the previous examples 3A and 3B in that it is an assembly 3C made of iron plate, 31 is a support leg, 32 is a relatively flat hollow cone body, and 33 is at least one front part of the cone body 32. It is an annular rectifying plate made of iron plate provided on the outer periphery, and a wool-like heating element 3 is filled between the cone body 32 and the rectifying plate 33 of the assembly.

Next, 5 is a known rectifier placed in front of the heating element 3C facing the opening 15 of the main body 1, in which a large number of short steel pipes 51 are assembled in parallel and joined along the generatrix to form a honeycomb shape. It is a plate body 52 and fixed by support legs 53. It goes without saying that this rectifier 5 is not limited to this example, and can be employed in the stoves shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, or other modifications thereof.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment in which the heating element 3 is configured in yet another embodiment, and the supply of water and the generation of hydrogen are changed. The heating element 3D in this example is composed of a large number of parallel spiral tubes 7 provided between the upper and lower headers 6 and iron-cut wool 3 wrapped around these tubes, with the spiral surface facing the flow of flame. are doing. Reference numeral 8 denotes a water tank made of a steel plate provided at the upper part of the main body l downstream of the heating element 3D, and cocks 81 and 82 are installed at the upper part of the upper air chamber.
The cock 81 is connected to the upper header 61 by a pipe 83, and the cock 82 is connected to the upstream opening 17 of the main body 1 and the pipe 8.
Connect with 4. The upper header 61 is attached to the lower header 62.
A piping 63 is provided correspondingly to lead to an external storage tank 9. The storage tank 9 has a gas tank that floats above the storage water, and has a separate piping 91, which is connected from above the water surface in the tank to the opening 18 at the bottom of the upstream side of the main body l, with a backflow prevention valve 92 interposed in the middle. It's a shame. Figure 6 shows the spiral tube 7 shown in Figure 5.
The front view is shown as an example.

[For production]

The operation of the present invention will be explained based on the operation of a stove.

When kerosene is sent to the burner 2 from the fuel tank 23 and blown into the combustion tube 26 by the blower fan 22 and ignited there, the combustion flame is ejected from the nozzle-shaped crater into the firebox 13 and heats the heating element 3. , usually red hot at around 1300℃.

On the other hand, the water supply device 4 supplies water from the water supply tank 41 to the combustion chamber in the combustion tube 26 . This water is heated by the combustion heat of kerosene, and while being sent to the main body 1 side in the combustion chamber along with the hot air, all or most of it evaporates and becomes water vapor. The remaining portion flows down inside the combustion tube 26, enters the main body 1 from the open end, and accumulates at the bottom.

The combustion heat energy of kerosene is directly converted into heat from the hot air in the firebox 1.
Most of the heat enters inside the body 1 and heats the heating element 3, and some of it evaporates water and fills the firebox 13. Since this heat heats the body wall of the main body 1, it is transferred from the fins 12 on the outer periphery. It radiates heat and heats the house as a stove. On the other hand, the heating element itself becomes a heat generation source and heats the main body 1 by radiation, and when a part of the supplied water is at the bottom, it is evaporated by the radiant heat and heat transferred from the main body 1, and this heat is also evaporated. The amount of heat added to the heat radiation of the main body 1 and ultimately discharged from the downstream side of the heating element 3 to the chimney 14 is extremely small.

The heating element 3, which plays an important role in this process, is made of a wool-like lump of iron fibrous material like the facets of a machine tool, so it has continuous voids that prevent hot air from passing through. Moreover, since the surface area of the material itself is large, the heating element 3 is efficiently heated throughout and becomes red hot, and the thermal energy of the combustion hot air is well recovered, making it an excellent heat generation source.

Moreover, the heat converted to water vapor also heats the heating element 3,
Since it is added to the direct heating of the main body 1, the thermal energy of the kerosene is efficiently used as heat dissipated by the stove.

In order to implement the present invention more stably from an engineering point of view, the heating element 3
is used as molded bodies such as 3A, 3B, and 3C. Second
As shown in the figure, a heating element 3A is arranged on the upstream side of the main body l,
When the heating element 3B is placed on the downstream side, the flow of combustion hot air within the main body 1 becomes more rational. That is, in the heating element 3A, the hot air passes through the heating element 3A while being heated mainly at the outer periphery, passes through the central part, directly hits the heating element 3B, and is transmitted over the entire surface of the heating element 3A. Efforts are being made to equalize the heating. In addition, although the heat energy retained by the evaporation of water is only a part of the conversion of the combustion heat, it becomes a gas heat source separate from the ejected flame and heats the main body 1 to improve recovery efficiency. ing.

The primary purpose of generating water vapor by supplying water in the present invention is to obtain a hydrogen source. When the fuel is sufficiently combusted and the heating element 3 becomes sufficiently red-hot, the generated water vapor is transferred to the heating element 3.
is thermally decomposed on the surface, producing hydrogen. The reaction is 3Fe+4Hz O→Fe3 04 +4H2, and is known as an oxidation reaction of iron.

The generated hydrogen comes into contact with the heating element 3 and is immediately combusted, generating thermal energy here as well, which is added to the heating of the stove.

This action can be called ``water combustion,'' and for a given amount of heat, the amount of fuel can be reduced by the amount of heat generated. In the example shown in Figure 2, the ratio of kerosene to water supply is about 1:2, and a considerable amount of water can be effectively used for heating, whereas in the example shown in Figure 4, the performance is slightly lower and the ratio is about 1:2.
: About 1.5.

Next, referring to the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the heating element 3D is heated by the hot combustion air in the same way as the above-mentioned sides, and generates heat to heat the main body 1. The action of water vapor is similar as a gaseous heat source and for the generation of hydrogen by red-hot heating elements. In this example, the water tank 8 recovers the heat remaining downstream of the heating element 3D and further generates water vapor. This water vapor is sent from the cock 81 to the upper header 61 by the air chamber pressure in the water tank 8, and is sent to the lower header 62 after meandering through the swirl tube 7. The cock 82 adjusts the pressure within the air chamber and sends excess water vapor into the main body 1, producing the same effect as the water vapor generated by the water supply device 4. The swirl tube 7 is heated to red heat in the same way as the heating element 3D, and is brought into contact with water vapor from the water tank 8 to be thermally decomposed. The generated hydrogen is temporarily stored in the storage tank 9, then blown into the upstream of the heating element 3D, ignited by the flame of the burner 2, and becomes a pale purple flame that burns in the firebox 13, becoming a new heating source. Become. In this case, the ratio of the supply amounts of fuel and water is approximately equal, and special consideration must be given to handling hydrogen to prevent danger.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The stove of the present invention has a heating element installed in the fire bag of the main body, and the heating element is heated by blowing combustion flame onto it and passing through the inside, heating the main body as a heat generation source and radiating heat. Because of this, the hot air is immediately drained from the chimney after heating the main body, dissipating most of the heat energy, which can significantly improve the thermal efficiency of conventional stoves. Furthermore, in the present invention, after the first stage of fuel combustion or after heating the first stage and the heating element, water is supplied and converted to steam, and the main body is heated as a gas heat source within the main body, and the red-hot heating element is heated. Hydrogen is generated through contact, and the heat from its combustion is added to the heating of the stove, increasing the amount of heat released by the stove. Therefore, the heating device of the present invention not only improves thermal efficiency by sufficiently recovering the amount of heat discharged from the chimney as a whole, but also saves fuel by burning hydrogen obtained from water. It has become. In addition, the heating element can be formed from a material such as a face cut obtained from a machine tool through simple processing, and the water supply device has a simple configuration, making it easy to supply water as well as water bodies.
This is used to ``combust'' the heating system, which is advantageous from both the cost and operational aspects of the heating system, and has been particularly successful for use in vinyl houses.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings are for explaining the oil-burning heating device and its operating method according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 also serves as an explanation of the prior art.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of another embodiment; FIG. 3 is a front view of the main parts of FIG. 2; FIGS. The figure is a sectional view showing still another embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a front view of the main part of FIG. 5. 1... Main body of the stove, 2... Burner, 3.3A
. 3B, 3C, 3D... Heating element, 4... Water supply device, 5
... rectifier, 6 ... upper and lower headers, 7 ... spiral tube, 8 ... water tank, 9 ... storage tank, 12 ... fin,
13... Fire bag, 14... Chimney, 25... Crater, 2
6... Combustion cylinder, combustion chamber, 32... Cone, 33...
- Current plate, 41... Water tank, 43... Water supply pipe, 61
...Top header, 62...Bottom header. *2 Figure 3A heating element 3B heating element 3C heating element, assembly 5 Rectifier Figure 3 Figure 5 3D heating element

Claims (7)

[Claims] (1) A heating system that includes a burner with a blower supplied with liquid fuel, a cylindrical combustion chamber having a base end on the outer periphery of its crater, a heat-dissipating main body connected to the outer end of the combustion chamber, and a chimney. An oil combustion heating device characterized in that a porous heating element is installed in the main body and water is supplied to the combustion chamber. (2) The oil combustion heating device according to claim 1, wherein the porous heating element is made of iron and has a wool-like shape with a large specific surface area. (3) The oil-burning heating device according to claim 2, wherein the porous heating element is formed by molding iron facets of a machine tool into a disc-shaped or annular plate body. . (4) The oil combustion heating device according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein a rectifier for combustion flame is disposed in the main body in front of the heating element. (5) The porous heating element is attached to a heating element assembled with a current plate with the apex of a cone made of iron plate facing the burner. The oil combustion heating device according to item 2, 3, or 4. (6) A porous heating element consists of a number of spiral tubes arranged parallel to each other with their vertical surfaces facing the axial direction between upper and lower headers that are parallel to the axial direction of the main body. A water tank that generates water vapor is installed at the top of the chimney side of the main body.The upper part of this water tank is connected to the upper header, and the lower header is connected to the water vapor inside the main body via a storage tank outside the main body. The oil combustion heating device according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that the oil combustion heating device is connected to a burner side. (7) A heating system that includes a burner with a blower supplied with liquid fuel, a cylindrical combustion chamber having a base end on the outer periphery of its crater, a heat-dissipating main body connected to the outer end of the combustion chamber, and a chimney. In the operating method of the device, a porous heating element is installed inside the main body to generate sufficient red heat, water is supplied to the combustion chamber to generate steam, and this steam is brought into contact with red-hot iron to generate hydrogen. An oil-burning heating device characterized by generating hydrogen and also combusting this hydrogen.