JPS6262680A - Picture recorder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To record a picture having no blurring even in a moving picture by respectively comparing picture signals of picture elements of vertical positions in a direction to adjacent scanning lines and carrying out a prescribed picture processing based on the comparison result. CONSTITUTION:From the first, the second, the third, the fourth and the fifth latches 11-15, density signals Xi+2, Xi+1, Xi, X1-1, Xi-2 on the same perpendicular of adjacent scanning lines are outputted. The first - the fourth comparators 16-19 respectively compare Xi+2 with Xi+1, Xi+1 with Xi, Xi with Xi-1, Xi-1 with Xi-2. When a picture has a movement according to the compared result, an AND gate 24 applies a signal of its meaning to a decoder 30. As a result, the decoder 30 feeds a command to select an interpolating picture to the second selector 31. As a result, since the second selector 31 outputs the interpolating data as the picture data, the picture data having no blurring can be obtained for the picture with movement.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an image recording device that can directly make a hard copy of an image displayed on an interlaced CRT. However, the present invention relates to an image recording device capable of hard copying images without blurring.

(Background of the Invention) In recent years, image recording devices that can directly make a hard copy of images displayed on an interlaced CRT (television screen) have come into use. As shown in Fig. 8, the interlace method first scans the CR7 screen with horizontal scanning lines (actual vA) 1 to 263, and when all horizontal scanning lines have been scanned, the horizontal scanning VA ( Dotted line) Scan 263 to 525 and
One image (frame image) is formed on the T screen. Here, an image formed only by scanning lines 1 to 262.5 is called an odd field image, and an image formed only by scanning lines 262.5 to 525 is called an even field image.

In the interlace method, the same screen is scanned twice, so
Compared to the rusk scan method, which scans the screen sequentially from the top to the bottom, interlace method is used in general home television receivers because it produces images with less flickering in the same frequency band. .

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As described above, the interlaced method is an excellent method for displaying images, but problems arise when making a hard copy of a television screen as it is. In other words, when trying to hard copy a moving screen, there is a time difference between odd and even fields, so the copied image will have parts where the odd and even field images do not overlap. There was a problem in that the portions became comb-shaped, resulting in a comb-shaped pre-image.

Various methods have been considered to solve such problems. For example, field recording has been performed for moving parts, and frame recording of a combination of odd and even field images has been performed for static screens.

In this case, in order to determine whether there is movement in the image, two frame memories for storing frame image data are conventionally provided, and the image data stored in these frame memories are compared pixel by pixel. A comparative method has been adopted. However, if such a comparison method is adopted, two expensive frame memories are required to compare the image data, making the apparatus expensive. Also, what is the configuration of the comparison circuit? It becomes jl[m.

The present invention has been made in view of these points, and
The purpose is to realize an image recording device that can detect whether there is movement in an image with a simple configuration.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is an image recording apparatus that records images based on interlaced image signals. +',,,f,,J.

1.1. . The image signals of pixels at two vertical positions are Xi-, ,Xi-, ,X, respectively.

,x,,,Xi. 2, Xi of these image signals
-2 and Xt-+, Xi-, and Xi, Xi and Xi-+
, Xi. , and Xi. 2, and performs predetermined image processing based on the comparison results.

(Operating Principle) Before describing embodiments of the present invention, the principle of the present invention will be explained. Now, each scanning line of the television signal is represented as shown in FIG. In the figure, the solid line is the scanning line of the odd field, and the 6J1 line is the scanning line of the even field (or vice versa).

Each of these scan lines is decoded into R, G, B (
red, green, blue) signals shall be obtained. Now, the density signal at the odd numbered (or even numbered) position of that color is x1, the 7-brow intensity signal of the two scanning lines above it is x4-z, xi-1, and the two scanning lines below. Let the density signals of Xl-1,X;,z be These five 7 agricultural signals Xi-, , Xi-, , Xi, Xi.

For 1+Xi+2, a new 7-store degree signal X is created using the following algorithm.

×1°+X; >A and L−+−Xl>Δ or X5. l −Xl<− to X+−, −Xi <−A・
...-(1) holds, and Xl-z Xl,, >A and Xi -Xi,,
>A or Xt, z Xt. 1<-A and XI Xr-+ <
A... (2) or Xl-z X(-, >A and X+ Xt-, >A
or xt-z -xt-+ <-A and Xi -Xi-, <
-A... (3) (A is O or a constant close to 0) When the following holds true, X assumes that there is movement in the image.

x= (Xt, + +Xt-+)/2・・
- Replace with a new concentration signal such as (4).

On the other hand, if the conditions according to equations (1), (2), and (3) are not satisfied, or if the condition is an even number (or an odd number), equation (4) is not applied and Xi is used as the density signal as it is.

When density conversion processing is performed according to the algorithm described above, equation (4) is applied to an image with movement as shown in FIG.
The portion of Xi is replaced with the density signal X indicated by 2, and interpolation processing is performed. That is, as a result of the interpolation process, no comb-like portions are generated in the hard copy. On the other hand, still images,
For example, for an edge image as shown in Fig. 11, (
Since conditions 1), (2), and (3) are not satisfied, the image is directly copied as a hard copy.

In this case, since no interpolation processing is performed, the amount of information does not decrease. Furthermore, for a still image in which the image signal of a pixel at a vertical position has a peak, for example a still image of a single horizontal line as shown in FIG. 12, equation (1) holds; however,
Since equations (2) and (3) do not hold, the image is hard-copied as is. In this way, since interpolation processing is not performed on horizontal lines in characters, etc., the amount of information does not decrease.

The applicant conducted an experiment to determine whether there is movement in an image based on the above-mentioned principle and to perform interpolation processing. As a result, it was found that equations (1), (2), and (3) are sufficient for practical use when determining whether there is movement in an image.

(Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a configuration block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, l is a decoder that receives an interlaced color TV signal and separates it into three primary colors (R, G, B), and 2 is a decoder that separates the R, G, B video signals separated by decoder 1 in the vertical direction of the screen. A sample hold circuit samples and holds the sampled video signal for a certain period of time, and 3 is an A/D converter that converts the hold output of the sample hold circuit 2 into digital data. The A/D
As the converter 3, a high-speed A/D conversion method, for example, a successive approximation type A/D converter is used.

The number of bits used is, for example, about 8 bits.

4 is a line memory that temporarily stores the output of the A/D converter, and 5 is a line memory 4 that extracts the 4-variant signal stored as image data and performs image interpolation processing or image processing as necessary using the algorithm described above. An image processing circuit 6 performs smoothing processing on the output of the image processing circuit 5.
A signal correction circuit that performs gradation processing such as conversion, and 7 a D/A that converts the output of the signal correction circuit 6 back into an analog image signal.
It is a converter. The output of the D/A converter 7 is, for example, FOT.
The image is recorded by a fiber optic tube (not shown). Three apparatuses constructed in this manner will be explained as follows.

An interlaced color TV signal sent from a video camera, etc. is converted into R and G by a decoder l.

After being separated into B signals, each of the three primary color signals is input to the sample and hold circuit 2. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of an input television signal waveform.

An image signal is captured during the first frame period, and image recording is performed during the next frame period. In addition, vertical synchronization signal V 5y
nc is generated for each field. The sample and hold circuit 2 samples the manually input video signal at a constant frequency. Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram of the sampling method for a television screen. It is assumed that there are vertical lines in the vertical direction of the 0 screen as shown in the figure. Generate a sampling pulse. The vertical line image (1) is sampled with the corresponding sampling pulse (1) (the same applies hereafter).

The sampled and held video signal is sent to the A/D
The converter 3 converts the data into digital data.

These digital data are stored in the line memory 4 in the arrangement shown in FIG. 4, for example.

That is, first, odd-numbered image signals are sampled in odd-numbered fields, A/D-converted into deinotal image data, and stored in a line memory.Next, the same processing is performed on even-numbered fields and stored in the line memory. As a result,
The relationship between the address of the line memory 4 and the scanning line data number is as shown in FIG.

The image data for one frame stored in the line memory 4 in this manner is sequentially extracted in the next frame and sent to the image processing circuit 5. Figure 5 shows the image processing circuit 5.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a specific configuration example. In the figure, +1 is the first latch that latches the image data read out from the line memory 4 according to the S sales clock, 12 is the second latch that latches the output of the first latch 11, and 13 is the second latch. a third launch, 1, which latches the output of latch I2;
4 is a fourth latch that latches the output of the third latch 13; 15 is a fifth latch that latches the output of the fourth latch 14;
This is the latch. 16 is the output of the first latch 11 and the second
17 is a second comparator that compares the output of the second launch 12 with the output of the third latch 13; 18 is the comparator that compares the output of the third latch 13; a third comparator that compares the output with the output of the fourth latch 14;
One is a fourth comparator that compares the output of the fourth latch 14 and the output of the fifth latch 15, and 20 is the negation of the exclusive OR of the outputs of the first and second comparators 16 and 17. take the first
Exclusive Noah Gate, 21 is the second and third
A second exclusive NOR gate 22 takes the negative of the exclusive OR of the outputs of the comparators 17 and 18, and 22 takes the negative of the exclusive OR of the outputs of the third and fourth comparators 1B and 19. 3rd Exclusive Noah Gate, 23 is the 1st
and the third exclusive NOR gate 20, 22, and 24 is an AND gate that ANDs the outputs of the second exclusive NOR gate 21 and the OR gate 23.

25 is a first arithmetic unit that adds the output of the second latch 12 and the output of the fourth latch 14 and divides by 2 (takes the average);
Reference numeral 6 denotes a second arithmetic unit that adds the output of the arithmetic unit 25 and the output of the third lazoche 3 and divides the sum by 2 (takes the average).

27 is a first selector that receives the outputs of the first and second arithmetic units 25 and 26 and selects and outputs one of them;
2 is a first select switch that provides the selector 27 with a select signal for selecting either the output of the arithmetic unit 25 or the output of the arithmetic unit 26. When the arithmetic unit 25 is selected by the select switch 28,
Data interpolated from the field image is output from the selector 27, and when the arithmetic unit 26 is selected, a smoothed image is output.

29, a second select switch that provides a selection signal for switching between outputting an unprocessed image (original image) or a processed image; 30, an AND gate 24;
．． The decoder receives the select switch 29 and an odd/even signal for selecting either an odd field or an even field, and decodes and outputs a predetermined selection signal. 31 receives the outputs of the first selector 27 and the third latch 13, and receives the output of the first selector 27 and the third latch 13, and by the select signal from the decoder 3o, the processing data is set to 1. It's a lid.

・υJ construction of the circuit configured in this way is shown in (1).

This will be explained in conjunction with equations (2), (3), and (4).

It is assumed that the first select switch 28 is set to the field side and the second select switch 29 is set to the processing side. The image data output from the line memory 4 is shown in FIG. The timing is latched to the first to fifth launches 11 to 15. In the figure, (a)
is the launch clock, (b) is the data read from the line memory 4, and (c) is the output X8 of the first launch 11.
．． 2. (d) is the output Xil of the second latch 12, (e)
indicates the output X1 of the third latch 13, (f) indicates the output X;-+ of the fourth latch 14, and (g) indicates the output X +-z of the fifth latch 15, respectively. The clock (a) arrow indicates the latch timing. 1st゜2nd. Third.
4th. The fifth lunches 11 to 15 are image data (density signals) Xi on the same perpendicular lines of adjacent scanning lines, 2. Xi,
,,Xi,Xi-,,Xi-.

is output.

The first comparator 16 is Xi. 2 and Xi. Compare 1 and 2nd
The comparator 17 compares x1.1 and Xl, the third comparator 18 compares Xi and Xi~1, and the fourth comparator 19 compares χ
Compare 1-1 and x i-z.

If the comparison result satisfies (2) 2, Exclusive Noah Gate 2o will output 1", and (3)
If the formula is satisfied, the exclusive Noah gate 22 outputs 1". Then, the exclusive
At least one output of NOR gates 20 and 22 is “1”
", that is, when at least one of equations (2) and (3) is satisfied, the OR gate 23 outputs "1". On the other hand, when equation (1) is satisfied, the exclusive NOR gate 21 outputs “1”.
The output of the SIB/NOR gate 21 and the OR gate 23 is “1”
”, that is, if the conditions (1), (2), and (3) are satisfied, there is movement in the image, so
The AND gate 24 sends a signal “1” to that effect to the decoder 30.
give to As a result, the decoder 30 selects the second selector 3
A command is sent to 1 to select an interpolated image. In addition,
In the example in this figure, A in equations (1), (2), and (3) is
This is an example when

On the other hand, the first arithmetic unit 25 connects the second and fourth latches 12 .
14 and outputs a signal (X;, + +Xi-+ )/2 shown by equation (4), and the second arithmetic unit 26 calculates the output of the third latch 13 and the first arithmetic operation. Calculate the output of the device 25, (Xi, l +2Xi +Xt-+) /4・
... (5) Output a signal that becomes. The outputs of these two arithmetic units 25 and 26 are input to the first selector 27, but as mentioned above, since the first select switch 28 is set to the field side, the selector 27 is always in the first selector 27. The output of the arithmetic unit 25 is selected.

Therefore, as described above, when the interpolation field image selection signal is input from the decoder 30, the second seven selector 31 selects the output of the first selector 27. As a result, the second selector 31 outputs the interpolated data expressed by equation (4) as image data, so that image data without blur can be obtained even for moving images.

At this time, whether an odd field or an even field is selected as the interpolated field image data is determined by the odd/even signal input to the decoder 30.

For example, when an odd number signal is input, the decoder 30 gives a select signal to the second selector 31 that always outputs an original image of an odd field when an odd number signal is input, and when an even number signal is input manually, the decoder 30 gives a selection signal that outputs an original image of an odd field. data interpolated from odd field images according to
A selection signal that outputs the original image of an even field is given to the second selector 31. If the result of the comparison does not satisfy equation (2), the exclusive NOR gate 20 If the exclusive NOR gate 22 outputs "0" and does not satisfy equation (3), the exclusive NOR gate 22 outputs "0". Then, the outputs of the exclusive NOR gates 20 and 22 are "0", that is, (2)
and (3) 2, the OR gate 23 outputs '0'. On the other hand, if the expression (1) is not satisfied, the exclusive NOOR gate 2
1 outputs °0”.

Then, the output of at least one of the exclusive NOR gate 21 and the OR gate 23 is "0", that is, (1),
If the conditions according to equations (2) and (3) are not satisfied, the output of the AND gate 24 becomes "0". The fact that the output of the AND gate 24 becomes "O" means that there is no movement in the image. In this case, there is no problem even if the original image is output as is. and gate 24
The output is input to a decoder 30, and the decoder 30 outputs an original image selection signal. second selector 3
1 receives this select signal and outputs the output Xi of the third unit 13 as image data.

In the case of the embodiment shown in FIG.
If 8 is set to the smoothing side, smoothing processing can also be performed if there is movement in the image. in this case,
The first selector 27 always selects the output of the second arithmetic unit 26. For example, comparator 16.17.18.19
Through comparison processing, (1), (2), (3
), the second selector 31 selects the first selector 27.
Select the output of As a result, the smoothing data (Xi++
+2Xi+Xi-+)/4 is output as image data. Therefore, in this case, since smoothing processing is performed on a moving image, no image blurring occurs.

On the other hand, if the conditions of <1), (2), and (3) are not satisfied and it is found that there is no movement in the image, the second
The selector 31 outputs the original image (output of the latch 13) Xi as image data. Note that when the second select switch 29 is set to the normal side, no processed image is output, and the original image X is always output.

is output from the second selector 31 as image data. Note that in the case of smoothing processing, processing is performed regardless of odd or even scanning lines. The operation of the above embodiment can be summarized as shown in FIG.

In the above explanation, formulas (1), (2), and (3) were used as conditional formulas to determine whether there is movement, but instead, (Xi□ −Xi ) (Xt−+ XL
) >K ・ ・ ・ (6) holds true, and (Xi−z Xi, + ) (Xt Xr, +
) >K... (7) or (Xi-z -xi-1) (Xi -Xi-+)
>K... (8) (where K is a constant) If there is movement in the image, but if the above equation is not satisfied, the same result will occur even if it is determined that there is no movement in the image and interpolation processing is performed. It can reduce the effect. In this case, it is necessary to provide a hardware multiplier in the embodiment.

The image data outputted from the image processing circuit 5 in this manner is subjected to signal processing such as γ correction in the subsequent signal processing circuit 6, and then reproduced into an analog image signal by the D/A converter 7, and then processed by the FOT. The image is recorded.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained in detail above, according to the present invention, by performing field interpolation processing on moving screens and directly copying still images as a hard copy, image turbulence can be lost. It is possible to record an image without blur even on a moving screen. Furthermore, according to the present invention, smoothing image recording can be performed if necessary, so the operator can select a hard copy that is free from fluctuations depending on the degree of blurring of the image and his/her preference.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a configuration block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
3 is an explanatory diagram of a sampling method, FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of data arrangement in a line memory, and FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a specific configuration example of an image processing circuit. , FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the latch timing of image data,
FIG. 7 is a diagram summarizing the operation of the embodiment, FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the interlace method, FIG. 9 is a diagram showing scanning lines, and FIG. 11 and 12 are diagrams showing examples of patterns in which image processing according to the present invention is not performed. 1.30... Decoder 2... Sample hold circuit 3... A/D converter 4... Line memory 5... Image processing circuit 6... Signal correction circuit 7... D/A converters 11 to 15... Latches 16-19...Comparators 20-22...Exclusive Noah gate 23...
OR gate 24...AND gate 25.26...Calculator 27.31...Selector 28.29...Select switch Patent applicant Konishi Roku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 7 Figure 9 Figure 1O Figure Figure 11 Figure 12

Claims (1)

[Claims] In an image recording device that records an image based on an interlaced image signal, adjacent scanning lines l_i_-_
2, l_i_−_1, l_i, l_i_+_1, l_i
The image signals of the pixels at the vertical position of _+_2 are respectively X_i_-_2, X_i_-_1, X_i, X_i_+
As _1, X_i_+_2, X_ of these image signals
i_-_2 and X_i_-_1, X_i_-_1 and X_i
, X_i and X_i_+_1, X_i_+_1 and X_i_
+_2, and performs predetermined image processing based on the comparison results.