JPS6254795A - Acidic lubricant for cold working of metals - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an acidic 11M agent that is applied to metal products such as steel before cold processing when such metal products are subjected to cold processing. .

[Prior Art 1 Conventionally, when cold drawing, extrusion, forging, strong pressing, etc. are performed on metal materials such as ironwork, a phosphorus mt salt film is formed, and then metal soap is used as a constituent component. il
It was customary to form a synovial membrane with a synovial treatment solution.

However, in the above-mentioned method, both the chemical conversion treatment and the n-extinguishing treatment require treatment at a high temperature of 60°C or higher, and the treatment time also requires 5 minutes or more.
Between chemical conversion treatment and lubrication treatment, a water washing step after chemical conversion treatment,
Following that, go. Requires a neutralization step and eliminates r:U! I! Since iTl! requires drying, etc., this is often taken up as a problem, and iTl! The development of slip treatment technology was desired. Furthermore, in the cold working of metal materials that have been subjected to the above-mentioned chemical conversion treatment or other lubricating treatment, the excess soap lubricant film that has been squeezed off by the tool tends to stick to the tool, reducing the dimensional accuracy of the metal after processing. [Additional] Part of the lubricating film remains in the form of a scale on the metal surface after cleaning, so the bare metal surface cannot be polished, and when the film is chemically removed, the metal surface often becomes matte. Therefore, there has been a demand for the development of a lubricant that has high processing accuracy during cold working and can provide a smooth metal surface with an excellent appearance after processing.

[Object of the Invention] The present invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems. The metal can be processed at low temperatures in a short period of time, and can be cold-worked immediately without lubrication treatment and drying. Furthermore, it is a metal that has high processing accuracy in cold-working but is smooth and has an excellent appearance. The purpose is to find a moisturizing agent that can coat the surface.

[Structure of the Invention] The lubricant of the present invention is an acidic lubricant containing 0.1 to 5% oxalic acid (1 time) and 0.1 to 20% water (1
) and 75 to 99.8% (1.5%) of hydrocarbon compounds as essential components. In the present invention, all percentages are based on fnfflnffl, and the representation of type a will be omitted below.

Hydrocarbon compounds are categorized into oxalic acid-soluble components and 81 lubricating components. containing one or more types of agents, the content of which is 2% relative to the hydrocarbon compound.
~57%.

Next, the a1\1 component contains one or more of mineral oil, fat, oil, fatty acid, and synthetic ester compound, and its content is 43 to 98% based on the hydrocarbon compound.

Another preferred lubricant of the present invention includes oxalic acid 0.1
・~5%, water 0.1~20% and hydrocarbon compounds 75~
The mixing ratio of the lubricant containing 99.8% and the extreme pressure additive is
The ratio was 3 to 9:1, and these were blended at this ratio.

[Description of composition] The concentration of each component of the acidic lubricant according to the present invention will be explained.

The appropriate concentration of oxalic acid is 0.1 to 5%.

If the amount is less than 0.1%, the reaction between the metal and oxalic acid will be weak, so the formation of an oxalate film in R8 lubrication treatment will be insufficient, and if it is more than 5%, the solubility will be poor, resulting in a uniform This is not preferred because it is possible to create a lWl disinfectant. More preferably, it is 0.5 to 2.0%.

In addition to oxalic acid, the present invention also includes blending an appropriate amount of, for example, hydrofluoric acid or fluoride as a film-forming aid, if necessary. Next, the appropriate water content is 0.1 to 20%; when it is less than 0.1%, the oxalate film formation effect is weak, and when it is more than 20%, a film with low 11 quenchability is formed. Either case is unfavorable because the formation of

Next, a suitable concentration range of hydrocarbon compounds is 75-99.
When the content is 8% and less than 15%, a film with low lubricity is formed, which is not preferable. The upper limit of 99.8% is also limited by the respective minimum concentrations of oxalic acid and water.

Next, each component described in claims 2 and 3 of the present invention will be explained, starting with the Pa-soluble component.

As an alcohol compound, the number of carbon atoms in the molecule is 1 to 20.
Those having 1 to 7 hydroxyl groups in one molecule are applicable, but those containing one hydroxyl group are particularly preferred. Those containing 1 g of water M base include methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, allyl alcohol, amyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, ocdyl alcohol, caprylic alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, and stearyl. Examples include alcohol, oleyl alcohol, etc., but are not particularly limited thereto. Examples of those containing two hydroxyl groups include nibrene gelicol,
An example of a substance containing three is glycerin, but this is not specified.

Alkylamine compounds are aliphatic amines having 1 to 20 carbon atoms in the molecule, and examples of primary amines include caprylamine, caprinamine, laurylamine, myristylamine, palmitylamine, stearylamine,
Examples include oleylamine, linoleamine, and erucamine. Next, as the secondary amine, for example, cicaprilamine, cicaprinamine, dilaurylamine,
Examples include dioleylamine, silinolamine, dielkamine, and the like. Next, as the tertiary amine, tricaprylamine, tricaprinamine, trilaurylamine, trimyristylamine, tribalmidylamine,
Examples include tristearylamine, trioleylamine, trilinolamine, trierucamine, and the like. Although no particular amine is used, C8 to C22 aliphatic primary amines are more preferred.

Next, as surfactants, nonionic, anionic,
Both cationic and amphoteric ionic systems can be used, but nonionic systems are particularly preferred. Examples include polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether, polyoxyethylene higher alcohol ether, and polyoxyethylene fatty acid nisdel.

Next, in the mixture of the Al:1 amine compound and the surfactant, the mixing ratio of the husband, etc. is not specified, but the mixing ratio of the husband, etc. is arbitrarily selected on the condition that a uniform acidic lubricant is obtained. can.

The a degree of the oxalic acid-soluble component is preferably in the range of 2 to 57%. The acidic lubricant of the present invention increases the amount of oxalic acid-containing m dissolved in water in the agent, and the oxalic acid-soluble component causes the ai lubricating component to dissolve the oxalic acid, thereby improving its lubricating performance. It is designed to retain oxalic acid and increase reactivity, and when it is lower than 2%, the dissolution of oxalic acid into the lubricating component is insufficient, and therefore l1IW
This is not preferred because undissolved oxalic acid precipitates in Part I. 5
More than 7% of 1llt'1m of hydrocarbon compounds
It is not preferable because the component 11 degree becomes low, thereby degrading the lubricating performance of the acidic lubricant.

Next, the lubricating components will be explained.

Examples of the mineral oil include machine oil, and examples of the oil include rapeseed oil, lard oil, coconut oil, castor oil, beef tallow, and the like. Examples of fatty acids include 1111J vegetable fatty acids and synthetic fatty acids, and specific examples include caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and Eruca 81. Examples of synthetic esters include dioquidyl sebacate and pentaerythritol derivatives. However, none of the above vam components are specified.

Next, the rA lubricating component concentration of the hydrocarbon compound is 43 to 98
% range, and this concentration is determined in consideration of the oxalic acid-soluble component contained in the hydrocarbon compound.

Next, the acidic lubricant according to claim 4 of the present invention will be explained.

This raWJ agent is the acidic T described in claim 1.
(a) A lubricant containing an extreme pressure additive, and the above i1
The blending ratio of lubricant and extreme pressure additive is 3 near to 9:1 in weight ratio.
And this ratio is 8! It is built within the

Extreme pressure additives are blended to strengthen the lubricating effect in the boundary lubrication region during high-strength cold working of metals, and examples of sulfur-based additives include sulfurized mineral oil, sulfurized fatty acids, and sulfurized oil ~20%), dibenzyl sulfide, and polyphenylene sulfide; examples of phosphorus-based compounds include phosphoric acid ester compounds, phosphorous s2 salt compounds, and hypophosphite compounds; specific examples include tricresyl phosphate and oleyl alcohol. Examples include phosphoric acid esters and phosphoric acid neutralized products of lauryl alcohol. Next, examples of chlorine-based materials include chlorinated paraffin, chlorinated fatty acids, etc., but any type of material can be selected and used.
``If the blending ratio of the extreme pressure additive to the acidic fJ lubricant is greater than 7, the viscosity of the acidic lubricant becomes extremely high, which impairs workability, which is not preferable. Furthermore, if the mixing ratio of the extreme pressure additive to the acidic lubricant 9 is lower than 1, the improvement in T8 lubricating performance due to the addition of the extreme pressure additive will be insufficient. There is no obvious difference in 4r bamboo performance compared to the performance of the IWI agent.

The acidic lubricant of the present invention may include, for example, graph 7 if necessary.
Solid lubricants such as molybdenum disulfide, molybdenum disulfide, and Teflon can be blended. Furthermore, the acidic lubricant of the present invention can have various viscosities depending on the selection of its constituent components.
If it is necessary to improve the viscosity, a thickener may be added to the lubricant.

Finally, the conditions for using the acidic lubricant of the present invention will be explained. After surface-cleaning the cold-worked Class A material, apply acid f [lubricating agent for 5 seconds to 5 minutes] maintained at room temperature to 60℃.
Cold working can be carried out immediately by immersing the metal for a minute or applying a repellent lubricant, removing excess lubricant from the metal surface, and then drying. As a coating method [keep the temperature within the above mentioned temperature on the metal material surface just before cold working 1]
The acidic lubricant can be applied by any method such as coating, pouring, or spraying.

[Operation and Effect] Acidic rA lubricant of the present invention, film forming ability and ili:I
This is a new A1 lubricant that has both FF and A1 properties, and is used in one-step lubrication treatment on metal materials with clean surfaces. Application methods such as coating, pouring, or spraying of an acidic lubricant immediately before cold working of metal are applied to comparatively light cold working. Therefore, in the case of high-level cold working, the metal to be processed is immersed in the acidic lubricant of the present invention to promote the formation of an oxalate film on the metal surface, and then cold working is performed. After applying an acidic lubricant containing a pressure additive, cold working is performed. Extreme pressure additives have the effect of improving FF purification performance. Also, if you want to further reduce the size of the vibrator after drawing,
Although the material may be drawn again, seizure may occur as the material becomes work hardened and the surface roughness decreases. In this case, if an oxalate film is formed, baking will not occur.

The R8 quenching treatment of metals using the acidic lubricant of the present invention is energy-saving type and labor-saving type,
It is also useful as a closed type because it requires less floor space for single crushing treatment and the waste water is not stirred during this treatment process.

The FaWA film formed on metal surfaces by the acidic lubricant of the present invention is much thinner than the film formed by conventional chemical conversion treatment solutions. By doing so, excellent results can be obtained in both processing accuracy and appearance after cold working.

The effects of the present invention will be specifically explained below using Examples and Comparative Examples.

Examples 1 to 6 Acidic lubricants of type 6i listed in Table 1 are each placed in a tank, the temperature of the lubricant is maintained at 50°C, and a seamless vibrator of 5-TPG38 with a clean surface is individually placed in the tank. (25,
4φX 3. Ot x2000A (mm) )30
The vibrators were immersed for a second, and then the vibrators were pulled up from the tank and the excess acidic lII lubricant adhering to the vibrators was drained off. Immediately thereafter, a cold drawing test was conducted under the processing conditions shown in Table 2. As shown in Table 6 of the results, in all cases of Examples 1 to 5, there was no seizure of the vibrator (no abnormality in seizure resistance).
The core strength was low, the lubricity was good, and the surface roughness of the vibrator after being drawn was low, making it suitable for high-grade finishing. In the case of Example 6, the oxalic acid-soluble component in the applied acidic lubricant was relatively high and the Junho component was relatively low, so both die force and core force were lower than in Examples 1 to 5. Although the value was high, no seizure of the vibrator was observed, and the pipe surface roughness after one pull was low and good.

Examples 7 to 8 The two types of acidic lubricants listed in Table 3 were placed in tanks, the temperature of the lubricants was maintained at 50°C, and seamless pipes with clean surfaces (both material and dimensions) were individually placed in the tanks. Example 1
5)) for 30 seconds, then the pipe was pulled out of the tank, the excess acidic lubricant adhering to the pipe was removed, and the pipe was immediately cooled under the processing conditions shown in Table 4. A thinning test was conducted. As a result, as shown in Table 6, there is no seizure of the pipe, the die force and core force after handling are low, the lubricity is good, and the surface roughness of the pipe after drawing is low. It was suitable for the price and high-class finish.

Comparative Examples 9 to 10 Two types of acidic lubricants listed in Table 5 were applied,
Example 1 of the workpiece vibrator, lubrication treatment conditions and handling conditions
In the same manner as in steps 6 to 6, cold thinning and one-pulling processing were performed.

As shown in Table 6, the lubrication performance was unsatisfactory because seizure occurred in the pipe in all cases.

Table-2 Handling conditions table-3 Table-4 Pulling conditions table-6 *Special R1 applicant under JrS 30601-1976 Japan Bar Power Rising Co., Ltd. Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) An acidic lubricant for cold working of metals, which contains as essential components 0.1-5% oxalic acid, 0.1-20% water, and 75-99.8% hydrocarbon compounds. (2) The hydrocarbon compound is an alcohol compound, a mixture of an alkylamine compound and a surfactant, or one or more surfactants as an oxalic acid-dissolving component, and mineral oil, fat, fatty acid, or synthetic ester as a lubricating component. The acidic lubricant for cold working of metals according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains one or more compounds. (3) The content of oxalic acid-soluble components in the hydrocarbon compound is 2 to 57%, and the content of lubricating components is 43 to 98%.
% of the acidic lubricant for cold working of metals according to claim 2. (4) An acidic lubricant for cold working of metals, characterized in that the blending ratio of the lubricant described in items 1 to 3 above and the extreme pressure additive is 3:7 to 9:1 by weight.