JPS62213936A - Automatic tool exchanging device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the tools of a BTA type deep hole drilling machine to be automatically exchanged, by connecting a mechanism which transfers a tool chuck device oscillatable and a mechanism which reciprocates it respectively to an oscillating arm. CONSTITUTION:A tool chuck device 30 is supported on the side of one end of a slide shaft 44 which is supported on a slide base rotatably and axially movably, in such a manner that a tool holder is opposed with the opening portion of a rotary sleeve 34 on which a chuck claw 31 is mounted by an oscillating arm 45. The slide shaft 44 is supported rotatably and axially movably by a slide bearing 46, the base end of the oscillating arm 45 is connected to one end thereof, and a lever 47 is mounted rotatably to the other end. The lever 47 is connected with one end of the piston rod 48a of a main piston 48 which reciprocates in parallel with the slide shaft 44, so that the slide shaft 44 reciprocates by the main piston 48.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to an automatic tool changer that automatically exchanges tools between the end of a processing shaft on which a tool is mounted and a tool magazine. ,
In particular, deep-hole drills are tools used on boards (deep-hole drills).
The present invention relates to an automatic tool changer that automatically changes tools.

(Prior art and its problems) For deep hole drilling, which involves drilling a deep hole 20 times or more the diameter of the two holes, tools that adopt the BTA method are often used in the production of boards.

As shown in FIG. 12, this tool T has a hollow part 121 formed therein for discharging chips, and a threaded part 122 for threaded connection to the tip of a boring bar. J: A cutting blade 123 is attached to the tip of the tool knife, and a plurality of convex guides (Rose 1~) 124 (
(see FIGS. 9 and 10). Further, on the outer layer of the rear part of the tool T, an uneven part 125 processed by a low left is formed.

This kind of tool (drill for deep holes) is used by screwing it onto the tip of a boring bar, and when it wears out due to use, it can be removed from the boring bar and replaced with a new tool. Processing is continuing. Conventionally, this tool replacement was done manually before work, which was inefficient and hindered fully automatic operation.

Since the tool T used for deep hole drilling machines has the structure described above, it is difficult to clamp (chuck) it compared to tools used for general machine tools, and it is difficult to use for positioning. Since it does not have a key, there is a problem that angular positioning (orientation, phase table U) is difficult. In addition, since the tool T is screwed together, a considerably large initial torque is required to remove the tool T from the boring bar, and conversely, when the tool T is tightened to the boring bar, it is difficult to remove the tool T from the boring bar. 1 ~ Luk J: It is necessary to rotate the tool with a small torque.

Furthermore, in deep-hole machines, there are large variations in the workpiece dimensions, and the position of the tip of the boring bar often changes significantly compared to general machine tools. Therefore, during machining of the workpiece, the
Change the tool and reduce unnecessary axial movement of the boring bar! J: If you try to change the tool, the tool exchange position may vary greatly in the axial direction of the boring bar.

The present invention was developed taking into account the characteristics of tools used in deep hole cutting machines, and is an automatic tool that can automatically change the tools of deep hole drilling machines using the BTA method. The purpose is to provide a tool changing device.

[Structure of the invention]

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention is an automatic tool changer for deep holes on a board, which is disposed on a slide base, and the tool for deep holes is oriented in the same direction as the boring bar of the board. A tool chuck device comprising: a tool magazine equipped with a plurality of tool holders for storing and holding tools; a plurality of chuck jaws for chucking tools from a radial direction; and a chuck jaw rotation means for rotationally driving the chuck jaws; , a swinging arm that swingably holds the tool chuck device on a slide base with a dichic jaw facing the tool holder of the tool magazine, and a swing arm that is connected to the swing arm and holds the tool chuck device in the tool magazine and a reciprocating mechanism connected to the swing arm to reciprocate the tool chuck device in a direction parallel to the boring bar. It is characterized by having the following.

(Function) In the automatic tool changer according to the present invention, the tool chuck device is swung to the tool change position with the boring bar.
The tool is chucked with the chuck jaw, and the used tool is removed from the boring bar by rotating the chuck jaw around the axis and moving backward. Next, the tool chuck device is swung to the tool exchange position of the tool magazine, the used tool that has been ticked is stored and held in the tool magazine, and then the tool magazine is indexed and a new tool is indexed.
Chuck this new tool with the chuck jaws. The tool chuck device that has chucked the new tool is again swung to the tool exchange position of the boring bar, and the new tool is screwed into the boring bar while being given rotational motion by rotation of the chuck claw.

After screwing a new tool into the boring bar, the tool chuck device swings back to the standby position a, and the series of automatic tool exchange operations is completed.

(Embodiments) Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing an example of a deep hole drilling board to which the automatic tool changer according to the present invention is applied. In the figure, reference numeral 11 is a bed of a board for deep holes, and the ends of a headstock 12 and a boring bar 13, which chuck and rotate the end of the workpiece W, are held at both ends of the bed 11, respectively. A boring table 14 is provided, and a workpiece steady rest 15 is provided near the center of the bed 11. This workpiece photograph stopper 15 is for preventing shake at the end of the workpiece W, and as shown in FIG. ! It has a structure in which it is rotatably supported by l (four in FIG. 1) [l-ra 16]. The workpiece steady rest 15 is fixed on a slide base (saddle) 17 slidably mounted on the bed 11 so that its position can be changed depending on the size of the workpiece W.

A pressure table 18 is mounted on the slide base 17 for supplying high-pressure cutting fluid to the outer periphery of the tool fixed to the tip of the boring bar 13, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, A tool magazine 20 and a tool 11 picking device 30 are respectively provided.

The tool magazine 20 includes a disk-shaped tool holding plate 22 that is rotatably supported by a rotating shaft 21 arranged on a slide base 17 in parallel with the boring bar 13, and a tool holding plate 22 that is arranged along the outer periphery of the tool holding plate 22. Multiple pieces;
2/I, a tooth 1/24 fixed to the back of the tool holding plate 22, a pinion 25 that meshes with the gear 2/I, and a hydraulic pressure for indexing the worker magazine that rotationally drives the pinion 25. The motor 26 is also exposed. The tool holder 23 is fixed in parallel to the boring bar 13 with its tip facing in a direction facing the boring bar 13. As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the tool holder 23 consists of a round rod-shaped member fixed orthogonally to the worker holding plate 22, with a part attached to its tip. It has a tool receiving part 23b which is cut out to form a flat part 23a. Also, the tool holder 23
A pin 27 for stopping the tool after the tool is attached is biased in the radial direction by a spring 28 at the base end of the tool. In FIG. 9, reference numeral 29 is a detection pin for detecting and controlling the index position of the tool magazine 20.

The tool chuck equipment 30 is for chucking and rotating the tool from the outer periphery to perform M In21PJ1 machining of the tool, and as shown in FIGS. 31 and a hydraulic motor 32 for rotating the chuck claws 31.

The chuck claws 31 slide in the radial direction at a predetermined distance in the circumferential direction on the tip of a hollow cylindrical rotary sleeve 34 rotatably supported in the main body casing 33 of the tool chuck device 30. It is arranged so that it can be moved. An inclined part is formed on the rear surface of the chuck claw 31, and the piston member 3 has a similar inclined surface formed at the tip of the inclined part.
5 is placed in contact with it. The piston member 35 is reciprocably disposed within a cylinder chamber 36 formed between the main body casing 33 and the rotating sleeve 34, and
Pressure oil supply holes 37a and 3 are opened at the front and rear ends, respectively.
7b is reciprocated by supplying pressure oil, and the reciprocating movement of the piston member 35 moves the chuck claws 31 forward and backward in the radial direction to chuck and unchuck one tool. It has become.

At the rear part of the rotating sleeve 34, there is a partial notch 3 on the outer periphery.
The index plate 38 formed with 8a is fitted into this notch 3.
A tip end portion of an indexing pin 39, which is inserted into the main body casing 33 in a radial direction so as to be movable forward and backward, can be inserted into the inside 8a.

A piston 41 having a reduced diameter portion 41a is disposed at the rear of the indexing pin 39 so as to be able to reciprocate in a direction orthogonal to the indexing pin 39.
1b comes into contact with the rear end of the indexing bin 39, the indexing bin 3
9 is inserted into the notch 38a of the index plate 38,
When it comes into contact with the reduced diameter part 418, the tip part is handled from the missing part 38a. In addition, in this operation, a tapered surface is formed in the notch 38a of the indexing plate 38 and the tip of the indexing pin 39, and the indexing pin 39 is automatically moved backward by rotation of the indexing plate 38. In particular, it can be done. The screw 1-41 connects to the main body casing 33.
Pressure oil supply passages 43a and 43b for supplying sweat/J oil are connected to the front and rear ends of the cylinder chamber 42, respectively. ing.

Behind this pressure oil supply passage, a pressure oil supply passage 43b facing the reduced diameter portion 41a of the piston 41 allows the piston 35 to perform an operation (forward movement e) to avoid moving the chisel pawl 31 in the radial direction. The pressure oil supply passage 438 on the other side communicates with the pressure oil supply hole 37b on the giving side, and is connected to the pressure oil supply passage 438 on the other side.
The pressure oil supply hole 37a is connected to the pressure oil supply hole 37a on the side that provides a backward movement (refer to figure m11).

The tool jack device 30 includes a slide 1111/1111 supported rotatably and axially movably on the slide base 17.
A swing arm 45 connected to one end of the slide shaft 44 at right angles to the slide shaft 44 moves the opening of the rotary sleeve 34, on which the chuck claw 31 is attached, in a direction opposite to the tool holder 23 of the tool magazine 20. is supported towards.

As shown in FIG. 8, the slide shaft 44 is rotatably and axially movably supported by a slide bearing 46.
A proximal end of an l-movement arm 45 is connected to one end thereof, and a lever 47 is rotatably attached to the other end. This lever 47 has a screw rod 48a of the main piston 48 that reciprocates parallel to the slide shaft 44.
One end is connected to the main piston 48 and the slide shaft 4 is connected to the main piston 48.
4 is now being tortured by moving back and forth. The main piston 48 is inserted from one side into a hydraulic cylinder chamber 49 provided in a part of the casing 51 of the slide bearing 46 .
An auxiliary cylinder chamber 52 having a larger diameter is connected in communication. A free piston 53 having a larger diameter than the main piston 48 is inserted into the auxiliary cylinder chamber 52 so as to be able to reciprocate. A piston rod 54 is fixed to the ends of the free screws 1 to 53 on the side opposite to the main piston 48, and the piston rod 54 penetrates the cylinder wall 52E1 constituting the auxiliary cylinder chamber 52 and projects outward. . A substantially semicircular stopper plate 55 is fixed to the outer periphery of the base end of the swing arm 45, and the piston rod 5/I is fixed to the stopper plate 55.
The outwardly protruding end of can be abutted.

A first pressure oil supply hole 49 is provided at one end of the hydraulic cylinder chamber 49 to supply pressure oil for driving the main piston 48.
A/FI is provided, and at the front and rear ends of the auxiliary cylinder chamber 520,
A second ff: force supply hole 52b and a third pressure oil supply hole 52G are provided for supplying pressure oil to avoid reciprocating the free piston 53. An oil passage 53a is connected to the hydraulic cylinder chamber 49 on the main piston 48 side of the free screw 1-53.
The pressure oil supplied from the second pressure oil supply hole 52b can be supplied to the hydraulic cylinder chamber 49 through this oil passage 53a.

At approximately the middle position of the swing arm 45, the swing arm 45 is
i: II, II movement, arm swing cylinder 56
A piston rod 56a is connected thereto. The arm swing cylinder 56 is capable of pivoting in the horizontal direction about a fulcrum 57 because the swing arm 45 reciprocates in the horizontal direction.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the hydraulic circuit of the automatic tool changer according to this embodiment having the J: urn configuration.

In the 0T11 diagram, corresponding components are schematically indicated using the same reference numerals.

Next, the operation of this embodiment having such a configuration will be explained.

During machining for deep holes, the swing arm 45 is pulled upward as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the tool chuck device i! 30 is in the standby position. In this state, when a tool exchange command is issued, the rotation of the work W is stopped, the boring bar 13 moves backward, and the used tool To attached to the tip is pulled out from the work W. Further, pressure oil is supplied to the tool chuck device 30 from the pressure oil supply hole 37a, and the piston member 35 is moved 5t! (to the left in FIG. 4), and accordingly, the chuck claw 31 is pulled by the protrusion 35a provided at the tip of the piston member 35 and moved in the radial outward direction (in the unchucking state). ). The pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil supply hole 37a is also supplied to the pressure oil supply passage 43a, and the pressure oil is supplied to the piston 4.
1 to the left in Figure 6. As a result, the main body 41b of the piston pushes up the rear end of the indexing pin 39, the tip of the indexing pin 39 is inserted into the notch 38a of the indexing plate 38, and the rotating sleeve 34 is locked. 31 angular positioning (orientation) is performed. Next, pressure oil is supplied from the first pressure oil supply hole/19a, and by moving the main piston 48 to the left in FIG. is moved backward e (taken by the boring bar 13 (=moves in the direction away from the tool TO which is being drilled) 7j. Then, by operating the arm swing cylinder 56 and extending the piston rod 56a, The swing arm 45 is centered around the slide shaft 44,
The center of the rotating sleeve 34 is swung to a position where it coincides with the axis of the boring bar 13.

Next, the first J3 and third pressure oil supply holes 49a and 52
c is connected to the oil tank side, and the second pressure oil supply 7L 52
When pressure oil is supplied from b, the free piston 53 moves to the left in FIG. 8 and the piston rod 54 moves into the cylinder chamber 5.
2a, the main piston 48 moves to the right in FIG. (move in the direction closer to the tool To) J-ru. The movement of the swing arm 45 is stopped by the collar plate 55 coming into contact with the protruding piston rod 54. Therefore, the tool chuck device 30 is stopped while being advanced to an intermediate position with respect to the tool TO, and the chuck claws 31 are moved forward to the intermediate position relative to the tool TO.
The stop position is determined at the open position of a plurality of pads 124 provided around the outer periphery of o. Note that the orientation of the tool TO is performed by a boring bar 13.

Subsequently, when pressure oil is simultaneously supplied to each of the pressure oil supply holes 37a and 37b of the tool chuck device 30, the cross-sectional area of the piston member 35 on the pressure oil supply hole 37b side (left side in FIG. 4) is larger than the pressure oil supply hole. 37a11111 (m4 diagram right 1l
Since the cross-sectional area of the piston member 35 is larger than that of Il), the piston member 35 moves rightward in FIG. 1
direction). This closing operation of the chuck claw 31 is performed by a force corresponding to the pressure difference between the left and right sides of the piston member 35, so the chuck force is weak (soft jack).
.

The pressure oil supplied to the pressure oil supply hole 37.37b is
1) is supplied to both ends of the piston 41 through pressure oil supply passages 43a and 43b, and since the cross-sectional area on which pressure oil acts is smaller in the reduced diameter part 41a, the piston 41 is moved in the direction of the reduced diameter part (6th N left). direction). To this J:
As described above, the tip of the indexing pin 39 is inserted into the notch 38a of the indexing plate 38. In this state, hydraulic motor 3
2 and rotates the rotary sleeve 34 in the direction of loosening the tool TO from the boring bar 13, the rotary sleeve 34 rotates because there is a gap between the indexing pin 39 and the notch 38a, and at this time Since the jaws 31 are in a soft chuck state, they slide around the outer periphery of the tool TO, and stop rotating when the chuck jaws 31 come into contact with the side ends of the pads 124. Next, when the pressure oil supply hole 37a is communicated with the oil tank side and pressure oil is supplied to the pressure oil supply hole 37b, the piston member 35
receives the full hydraulic pressure of the pressure oil, and the chuck jaw 31
Strongly chuck the outer circumference (11 strong chucks). At the same time, the pressure oil is supplied only to the pressure oil supply passage 43b, and the piston 41 is moved to the right side in FIG. Move to the right. As a result, the locked state of the rotary sleeve 34 by the index pin 39 is released, and when the hydraulic motor 32 is operated and the rotary sleeve 34 is rotated continuously,
As described above, the indexing pin 39 automatically moves backward and comes out of the notch 38a, and transmits rotational force to the tool TO while the chuck claw 31G is in strong contact with the pad 124. As shown, since the f-1z chuck claw 31 is brought into contact with the pad 124 and rotated in the direction of loosening the chuck shell 1-o, a large torque is applied to loosen the tool To without the chuck claw 31 slipping. In this way, it is possible to reliably loosen the tool TO which is firmly screwed onto the boring bar 13. In parallel with the rotation of the chuck jaw 31, the first pressure oil supply hole 49a When pressure oil is supplied to the tool 11 and the tool TO is moved backward together with the swing arm 45, the tool TO is automatically removed from the boring bar 13 while being chucked by the chuck claws 31.

When the swing arm 45 moves backward to the rearmost end, the arm swing cylinder 56 is actuated to swing the swing arm 45 upward and move the tool chuck device 30 to the tool exchange position with the tool magazine 20. Go. ■Shell Magazine 20 is
Only one holding plate 22 is rotated by the operation of the hydraulic motor 26, and an empty tool holder 23 in which no tool T is stored or held is indexed to a tool exchange position.

Pressure oil is supplied to the second pressure oil supply hole 52b, and the main screw 1-
When the shaft 48 is moved to the right in FIG. When the tool chuck device 30 moves forward and stops at the intermediate position, the tool TO, which is being ticked by the chuck claw 31, is placed in the tool magazine in the state shown in FIG. The pin 27 is inserted into the tool holder 23 of the tool TO and is prevented from being removed by the pin 27 which is biased by the spring 28, and the tool receiving part 231) is inserted into the powder passage hole 126 of the tool TO, and the tool holder 23 is inserted into the tool holder 23 of the tool TO. The flat part 23a is the cutting edge 123
Rotation prevention (phase alignment) is performed by contacting with .

Subsequently, pressure oil is supplied to the pressure oil supply hole 37a, and the chuck claws 31 are radially moved in the opening direction to be in an unchucked state.
Pressure oil is supplied to the first pressure oil supply hole 49a to move the tool chuck device 30 backward together with the swing arm 45.

As a result, the operation of removing the currently used tool TO attached to the boring bar 13, transporting it to the tool magazine 20, and storing and holding it therein is completed.

The operation of transporting and mounting tools from the tool magazine 20 to the tip of the boring bar 13 is performed as follows. First, the hydraulic motor 26 is activated to index the tool magazine 20 and move the new tool Tn to be used to the tool exchange position. Next, pressure oil is supplied to the third pressure oil supply hole 52G, the free piston 53 is moved rightward in FIG. 8, the piston rod 54 is retracted toward the cylinder wall 52a, and at the same time, the second pressure oil supply hole 52b, this pressure oil is further sent to the hydraulic cylinder chamber 49 through the oil passage 53a, the main piston 48 is moved to the right in the figure, and both the slide shaft 44 and the swing arm 45 are moved to the tool. The chuck device 30 is moved forward toward the tool magazine 20. In this case, since the piston rod 54 is retracted, the stopper plate 55 is not stopped at the intermediate position, and the tool chuck device 30 can be advanced to the front end position.

Subsequently, pressure oil is simultaneously supplied to the pressure oil supply holes 37a and 37b, and the new tool 1-n is soft chucked by the chuck claws 31. In this case, since the tool chuck device 30 has moved forward to the front end position, the chuck claw 31 is chucking the uneven portion 125 at the rear of the machining tool OTn, just beyond the position of the rose 1124 of the new tool n. First pressure oil supply hole 49a
Supply pressure oil to #J and move the tool chuck device 30 backwards.
and move the new tool Tn to the tool holder 23 of the tool magazine 20.
Karachuhoku.

By operating the arm swing cylinder 56, the swing arm 45
Swinging V1 Chi 1? It is stopped at a position where the axis of the arm swing cylinder Tn, which is hooked to the hook claw 31, and the axis of the boring bar 13 coincide with each other. During this time, since the tool 1-n is soft-chucked, the angular positioning (orientation) of the tool 1-n is performed by the indexing pin 39, as described above.

Next, pressurized oil is supplied only from the pressure oil supply hole 37b, the tool Tn is strongly chucked, the angular positioning is released, and the hydraulic motor 32 is operated to simultaneously move the chuck claw 31 in the direction of tightening the tool Tn. Uru. In this state, pressure oil is supplied from the second pressure oil supply hole 52b'h1, and the tool 1! When the screwing device 30 is advanced, the tool 1"n is automatically screwed into the tip of the boring bar 13 and fixed. This screwing operation is performed by avoiding the butt 1271 portion of the tool Tn. It is done by doing,
When a large torque greater than a predetermined value is applied to the tool Tn, the chuck claws 31 slide around the outer circumference of the tool Tn, thereby preventing damage to the boring bar 13 due to the tool Tn.

In addition, the tool Tn is moved relatively gently to the boring bar 13.
Even if the tool Tn is screwed in, the tool Tn will not come off because it is screwed in more strongly during use.

When the screwing operation of the new tool Tn into the boring bar 13 is completed, the chuck jaws 31 are brought into an unchucked state,
The V-tuck tool 30 moves backward and swings back to the standby position, thereby completing the series of operations.

In this way, the real f1M l! According to /II, for deep holes, the used tool TO attached to the tip of the boring bar 13 of the board is removed, stored and held in the tool holder 23 of the worker magazine 20, and the new tool TO of the worker magazine 20 is removed. A series of tool exchange iFI operations for attaching the Tn to the tip of the boring bar 13 can be performed automatically. Note that these series of operations can be performed using general sequence control technology.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, it is possible to automatically change the tool for a deep hole drilling machine in which the BTΔ method is used.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 shows the main configuration PI of the automatic tool changer according to the present invention.
5 is not shown, Figure 1 is the I-I line view, Figure 2 is the arrow X in Figure 9.
FIG. 3 is a side view as seen in the direction, and FIG.
The figure is a side sectional view showing the structure of the tool chuck device, FIG. 5 is a partial view seen in the direction of arrow X in FIG. 9, and FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view of the orientation mechanism of the tool chuck device.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line Vl-Vl in FIG.
The figure is a side sectional view showing the state in which tools are stored and held in the tool magazine, Figure 10 is a view taken in the direction of arrow X in Figure 9, and Figure 11 is a diagram without showing an example of the hydraulic circuit of the automatic tool changer. , 12th
The figure is a side view, including a partial cross section, showing the structure of a deep hole drill (deep hole drill) used in the BTA method. 13... Boring bar, 15... Work rest, 17... Slide base, 20... Tool magazine, 23... Tool holder, 26... Hydraulic motor for tool magazine indexing, 30 ...Tool chuck equipment j1.31・
... Chuck jaw, 32... Hydraulic motor for rotating the chuck claw, 34... Rotating sleeve, 35... Piston member, 38... Index plate, 41... Piston, 44...
Slide shaft, 45... Swinging arm, 48... Main piston, 53... Free piston, 54... Piston zero, 56... Arm swinging cylinder, 122...
Threaded portion, 123... Cutting edge, 124... Rose 1-11
25... Uneven part, ■... Tool, W... Workpiece. Applicant's agent Mr. Sato - Figure 2■'' Figure 6 3゜No. 9 Group J810

Claims (1)

[Claims] A tool magazine provided with a plurality of tool holders disposed on a slide base and storing and holding tools in the same direction as a boring bar of a deep hole drilling machine, and a tool magazine provided with a plurality of tool holders arranged on a slide base and holding tools in the same direction as a boring bar of a deep hole drilling machine; A tool chuck device comprising a plurality of chuck jaws for chucking, and a chuck jaw rotating means for rotationally driving the chuck jaws; a swinging arm swingably held on the slide base; a swinging mechanism connected to the swinging arm to swing the tool chuck device between respective tool exchange positions of the worker magazine and the boring bar; An automatic tool changer for a deep hole drilling machine, comprising: a reciprocating mechanism connected to a swing arm and reciprocating a tool chuck device in a direction parallel to a boring bar;