JPS6219727A - Immersion thermometer for molten metal - Google Patents
Immersion thermometer for molten metalInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6219727A JPS6219727A JP60158904A JP15890485A JPS6219727A JP S6219727 A JPS6219727 A JP S6219727A JP 60158904 A JP60158904 A JP 60158904A JP 15890485 A JP15890485 A JP 15890485A JP S6219727 A JPS6219727 A JP S6219727A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- molten metal
- optical fiber
- temperature
- tip
- infrared
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 28
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004031 devitrification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/02—Constructional details
- G01J5/08—Optical arrangements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/0037—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry for sensing the heat emitted by liquids
- G01J5/004—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry for sensing the heat emitted by liquids by molten metals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/02—Constructional details
- G01J5/08—Optical arrangements
- G01J5/0818—Waveguides
- G01J5/0821—Optical fibres
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Radiation Pyrometers (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は、溶融金属の温度を測定する浸漬温度計に関す
るものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an immersion thermometer for measuring the temperature of molten metal.
［従来の技術］
周知の如く、溶銑、溶鋼などの溶融金属の高温度を測定
する方法、として、黒鉛スリーブまたは耐火モルタルで
囲まれた鋼管またはステンレス管の中にアルミナ焼結管
で絶縁されたＰＲａ電対を入れ、その、％電対の端（測
温接点）は管の外に出し溶融金属に浸漬し温度を測定す
る浸漬式熱電温度計がある（例えば、計量管理協会編「
温度」 （昭和５０．９．３０）、コロナ社、Ｐ１７４
）。[Prior Art] As is well known, as a method for measuring the high temperature of molten metals such as hot metal and molten steel, a steel or stainless steel tube surrounded by a graphite sleeve or refractory mortar is insulated with an alumina sintered tube. There is an immersion type thermocouple thermometer that measures the temperature by inserting a PRa couple into the molten metal and placing the end of the % couple (temperature measuring junction) outside the tube.
Temperature” (September 30, 1975), Coronasha, P174
).
［発明が解決しようとする問題点］
前記従来技術においては、溶湯の温度を連続的 ・
に測定をすることができないという問題がある。[Problems to be solved by the invention] In the above-mentioned prior art, the temperature of the molten metal is continuously controlled.
The problem is that it is not possible to make measurements.
すなわち、溶銑、溶鋼などの温度は通常１５００°Ｃ以
上であり、その熱電対を浸漬すると短時間のうちに感熱
部分が溶融するので短時間で温度測定を行なわなければ
ならず、感熱部分を石英管などで ゛保護しても引
き揚げると溶融物が付刃固化するため測定１回毎に先端
部の補修、あるいは取替加工 □を必要としていた
。In other words, the temperature of hot metal, molten steel, etc. is usually over 1500°C, and when the thermocouple is immersed, the heat-sensitive part melts in a short time, so temperature measurement must be carried out in a short time, so the heat-sensitive part is quartz. Even if the tip was protected with a tube, the molten material solidified when the tip was pulled up, so the tip had to be repaired or replaced after each measurement.
［問題点を解決するための手段および作用］本発明は、
前述の問題点を有利に解決するためになされたものであ
り、その手段は金属の溶湯に光、アイバ先端部を連続的
に浸漬する挿入手段。[Means and effects for solving the problems] The present invention has the following features:
In order to advantageously solve the above-mentioned problems, the method is an insertion means that continuously immerses the tip of the eyeglass into molten metal.
と、前記光ファイバを通過した赤外線に基づいて温度を
検出する赤外線温度検出手段とを有する溶融金属の浸漬
温度計である。and an infrared temperature detection means for detecting temperature based on the infrared rays transmitted through the optical fiber.
すなわち、光ファイバとして石英ファイバの温度に対す
る劣化は約３００°Ｃで開始する。しかし、これを連続
的に溶湯にファイバ先端部を浸漬することによって新た
に浸漬したファイバによって発生した溶湯温度に応じた
赤外線エネルギーはファイバを介して赤外線センサに送
られ正確な温度を検出することが可能となるものである
。That is, as an optical fiber, quartz fiber starts to deteriorate at about 300°C. However, by continuously immersing the fiber tip into the molten metal, the infrared energy generated by the newly immersed fiber according to the molten metal temperature is sent to the infrared sensor via the fiber, making it impossible to accurately detect the temperature. It is possible.
［発明の実施例］ 図は１本発明の一実施例を示す説明図である。[Embodiments of the invention] The figure is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
鉄の溶？！！１０の中に、光ファイバ２０の先端部２１
が挿入されている。そして、光ファイバ２０の反対側は
、ボビン部２２において、所定回数、巻かれている。光
ファイバ２０のうち、ボビン部２２と先端部２１との間
に存在する部分は１等速回転するプーリ３１，３２によ
って、所定速度で下降されている。Melting iron? ! ! 10 includes a tip 21 of an optical fiber 20.
is inserted. The opposite side of the optical fiber 20 is wound a predetermined number of times in a bobbin portion 22. The portion of the optical fiber 20 that exists between the bobbin portion 22 and the tip portion 21 is lowered at a predetermined speed by pulleys 31 and 32 that rotate at a constant speed.
プーリ３１．３２は、パルスモータ等のモータ３０によ
って回転される。光ファイバ２０の他端である出力端部
２３は、その光ファイバ２０を通過した赤外線に基づい
て温度を検出する赤外線温度検出手段４０に接続されて
いる。The pulleys 31, 32 are rotated by a motor 30, such as a pulse motor. The output end 23, which is the other end of the optical fiber 20, is connected to an infrared temperature detection means 40 that detects the temperature based on the infrared rays that have passed through the optical fiber 20.
赤外線温度検出手段４０は、赤外線センサ４１と信号処
理回路４２と記録計出力端子４３で構成されている。赤
外線センサ４１は、赤外線の量に応じた電気信号を出力
するものであり、信号処理回路４２は１図示しない記録
計などを駆動するのに適した信号を出力するものである
。The infrared temperature detection means 40 includes an infrared sensor 41, a signal processing circuit 42, and a recorder output terminal 43. The infrared sensor 41 outputs an electric signal corresponding to the amount of infrared rays, and the signal processing circuit 42 outputs a signal suitable for driving a recorder or the like (not shown).
次に、上記実施例の動作について説明する。Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained.
光ファイバ２０を徐々に下降させて、溶湯１０の中に所
定長さだけ挿入する（上記実施例においては、先端部２
１のみが溶ｉ！ｉｏに進入している）、この場合、先端
部２１の温度は、溶湯１０とほぼ同一の温度になり、そ
の先端部２１内で赤外線エネルギーが放射され、この赤
外線は光ファイバ２０（ボビン部２２）を介して光ファ
イバ２０の出力端部２３から放射される。この放射され
た赤外線エネルギーを、赤外線センサ４１が受け、その
受けた赤外線の量に応じて、所定の電気信号を発生させ
る。この電気信号を、信号処理回路４２が所定の処理を
行なう。The optical fiber 20 is gradually lowered and inserted into the molten metal 10 by a predetermined length (in the above embodiment, the tip portion 2
Only 1 melts! In this case, the temperature of the tip 21 becomes almost the same as that of the molten metal 10, and infrared energy is emitted within the tip 21. ) from the output end 23 of the optical fiber 20. The infrared sensor 41 receives this radiated infrared energy and generates a predetermined electrical signal depending on the amount of infrared rays received. A signal processing circuit 42 performs predetermined processing on this electrical signal.
これによって、記録計出力端子４３には、溶湯ｌＯの温
度に応じた信号が出力される。As a result, a signal corresponding to the temperature of the molten metal IO is output to the recorder output terminal 43.
ところで、モータ３０によってプーリ３１゜３２が徐々
に回転し、光ファイバ２０が、所定の速度（たとえば３
００ ｍ ｍ ／ １時間）の速度で徐々に下降する。By the way, the pulleys 31 and 32 are gradually rotated by the motor 30, and the optical fiber 20 is rotated at a predetermined speed (for example, 3
00 mm/1 hour).
したがって、先端部２１において光ファイバの劣化があ
っても、新たな先端部２１ａが溶湯１０に進入し、この
先端部２１ａで発生した赤外線エネルギーは、その新た
な先端部２１ａを通過し、光ファイバ２０を介して赤外
線センサ４１に伝わる。したがって、光ファイバ２０に
おける赤外線の伝達損失が無い。Therefore, even if the optical fiber deteriorates at the tip 21, a new tip 21a enters the molten metal 10, the infrared energy generated at this tip 21a passes through the new tip 21a, and the optical fiber It is transmitted to the infrared sensor 41 via 20. Therefore, there is no transmission loss of infrared rays in the optical fiber 20.
つまり、一般に、光ファイバ（石英ファイバ）の劣化（
一時劣化）は、３００’Ｃで開始され。In other words, in general, optical fiber (quartz fiber) deteriorates (
Temporary deterioration) begins at 300'C.
これは空気中の酸素と水素に基づくものである。This is based on the oxygen and hydrogen in the air.
上記ファイバの劣化は、失透という現象を件なう、この
失透とは、光の透過率が低下し表面の光学特性が劣化す
ることである。The deterioration of the fiber is caused by a phenomenon called devitrification, which is a decrease in light transmittance and deterioration of the optical properties of the surface.
したがって、光ファイバ２０を溶ｒ！に１０に連続的に
挿入しなければ、光ファイバ２０の劣化による赤外線エ
ネルギーの伝達損失が生じ、赤外線温度検出手段４０が
適正な出力を生じない、しかし、上記実施例においては
、光ファイバ２０が連続的に溶ｒＱ１０に進入するので
、所定時間経過後に失透した先端部２１からの赤外線エ
ネルギー伝達量が減ったとしても、新たに溶湯１０に進
入し゛た先端部２１ａで発生した赤外線エネルギーは、
はとんど伝達損失が無い状態で赤外線センサ４１に送ら
れる。そして、上記動作を繰り返すので。Therefore, the optical fiber 20 is melted! If the optical fiber 20 is not inserted continuously into the fiber 10, a transmission loss of infrared energy will occur due to deterioration of the optical fiber 20, and the infrared temperature detection means 40 will not produce an appropriate output.However, in the above embodiment, the optical fiber 20 Since it continuously enters the molten metal rQ10, even if the amount of infrared energy transmitted from the devitrified tip 21 decreases after a predetermined period of time, the infrared energy generated at the tip 21a that has newly entered the molten metal 10 will
is sent to the infrared sensor 41 with almost no transmission loss. And then repeat the above operation.
溶湯１０の温度に応じた赤外線を赤外線センサ４１が受
けるので、正確な温度検出を行なうことができる。Since the infrared sensor 41 receives infrared radiation corresponding to the temperature of the molten metal 10, accurate temperature detection can be performed.
また、光ファイバ２０は、自己発熱が生じないので、溶
湯ｌＯの温度を正確に赤外線センサ４１に伝達する。Further, since the optical fiber 20 does not generate self-heating, it accurately transmits the temperature of the molten metal IO to the infrared sensor 41.
なお、符号１１は、酸化皮膜であり、光ファイパ２０を
溶湯１０の中に直接入れなければ、ＷＩ化。Note that the reference numeral 11 is an oxide film, and if the optical fiber 20 is not placed directly into the molten metal 10, it will become WI.
皮膜１１の温度を測定することになるが、この酸化皮膜
１１の温度は、かならずしも溶湯１０の内部温度ではな
い、したがって、この方法では、正確な測定をすること
ができない。Although the temperature of the film 11 will be measured, the temperature of the oxide film 11 is not necessarily the internal temperature of the molten metal 10, so this method cannot accurately measure it.
また、光ファイバ２０を溶湯ｌＯに挿入する場合、図に
示す実施例のように鉛直方向に光ファイ／＜２０を降下
させてもよく、斜めに溶湯ｌＯに入れるようにしてもよ
い、また、パルスモータ３０の速度は、光ファイバ２０
が劣化する速度よりも少し速くすればよい。Furthermore, when inserting the optical fiber 20 into the molten metal IO, the optical fiber 20 may be lowered vertically as in the embodiment shown in the figure, or may be inserted diagonally into the molten metal IO. The speed of the pulse motor 30 is determined by the speed of the optical fiber 20.
The speed should be slightly faster than the rate at which it deteriorates.
さらに、出力端部２３は、光ファイバ２０を降下するこ
とによってボビン部２２が回転するので、出力端部２３
も回転するが、赤外線センサ４１に送る赤外線の量が変
化しないようにすれば、測定値に誤差が生じない、信号
処理回路４２は、アナログ処理をするものであってもデ
ジタル処理をするものであってもよい、ただし、デジタ
ル処理する場合には、赤外線センサ４１の出力信号をＡ
／Ｄ変換する必要がある。Further, since the bobbin portion 22 is rotated by lowering the optical fiber 20, the output end portion 23 is
The signal processing circuit 42 rotates, but if the amount of infrared rays sent to the infrared sensor 41 does not change, there will be no error in the measured value.Even if the signal processing circuit 42 performs analog processing, it also performs digital processing. However, in the case of digital processing, the output signal of the infrared sensor 41 may be
/D conversion is required.
［発明の効果］
以上説明した如く、本発明の光ファイバを利用した溶融
金属の浸漬温度計は、従来の熱電対を浸漬させた溶融金
属の温度計に比べ、ファイバの損耗だけで連続して測定
することができ、しかも溶融金属の真の温度を正確に測
定することができる効果を有するものである。[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the molten metal immersion thermometer using the optical fiber of the present invention can be used continuously due to fiber wear alone, compared to the conventional molten metal thermometer in which a thermocouple is immersed. It has the effect of being able to accurately measure the true temperature of molten metal.
図は、本発明の一実施例を示す図である。 １０・・・鉄の溶湯、 ２０・・・光ファイバ。 ２１・・・先端部、 ２２・・・ボビン部、 ２３・・・出力端部、 ３１．３２・・・プーリ。 ４０・・・赤外線温度検出手段。 The figure is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. 10...molten iron, 20...Optical fiber. 21... Tip part, 22...Bobbin part, 23...output end, 31.32...Pulley. 40...Infrared temperature detection means.
Claims (2)
る挿入手段と、前記光ファイバを通過した赤外線に基づ
いて温度を検出する赤外線温度検出手段とを有すること
を特徴とする溶融金属の浸漬温度計。(1) A method for producing molten metal characterized by having an insertion means for continuously immersing the tip of an optical fiber in the molten metal, and an infrared temperature detection means for detecting the temperature based on the infrared rays that have passed through the optical fiber. Immersion thermometer.
る特許請求の範囲（１）の溶融金属の浸漬温度計。(2) The immersion thermometer for molten metal according to claim (1), wherein the optical fiber is a quartz fiber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60158904A JPS6219727A (en) | 1985-07-18 | 1985-07-18 | Immersion thermometer for molten metal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60158904A JPS6219727A (en) | 1985-07-18 | 1985-07-18 | Immersion thermometer for molten metal |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6219727A true JPS6219727A (en) | 1987-01-28 |
Family
ID=15681897
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60158904A Pending JPS6219727A (en) | 1985-07-18 | 1985-07-18 | Immersion thermometer for molten metal |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6219727A (en) |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05248960A (en) * | 1992-03-02 | 1993-09-28 | Nkk Corp | Temperature measuring device and level measuring device for molten metal |
| EP0646778A1 (en) * | 1993-10-05 | 1995-04-05 | Nkk Corporation | Apparatus for measuring temperature using optical fiber and method therefor |
| EP0655613A1 (en) | 1993-11-30 | 1995-05-31 | Nkk Corporation | Temperature measuring device |
| EP0685715A1 (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1995-12-06 | Nkk Corporation | Method for measuring temperature using optical fiber and apparatus therefor |
| WO1998014755A1 (en) * | 1996-10-02 | 1998-04-09 | Ferrotron Elektronik Gmbh | Method to measure slag layer thickness on a molten bath and appropriate device for use of said method |
| US6004031A (en) * | 1993-11-30 | 1999-12-21 | Nkk Corporation | Temperature measuring device |
| JP2005007451A (en) * | 2003-06-20 | 2005-01-13 | Jfe Koken Corp | Method for measuring temperature of weld zone |
| JP2014111271A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2014-06-19 | Japan Steel Works Ltd:The | Temperature measurement device for electro-slag-remelting and temperature measurement method for electro-slag-remelting |
| EP2940441A1 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-04 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Device for measuring the temperature of a molten metal |
| US9726545B2 (en) | 2013-04-30 | 2017-08-08 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Method and apparatus for measuring the temperature of a molten metal |
| EP3339823A1 (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-27 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Method for measuring a temperature of a molten metal bath |
| US11331720B2 (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2022-05-17 | Sintokogio, Ltd. | Pouring apparatus |
-
1985
- 1985-07-18 JP JP60158904A patent/JPS6219727A/en active Pending
Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05248960A (en) * | 1992-03-02 | 1993-09-28 | Nkk Corp | Temperature measuring device and level measuring device for molten metal |
| US5585914A (en) * | 1993-10-05 | 1996-12-17 | Nkk Corporation | Apparatus and method for measuring a temperature of a high temperature liquid contained in a furnace |
| EP0646778A1 (en) * | 1993-10-05 | 1995-04-05 | Nkk Corporation | Apparatus for measuring temperature using optical fiber and method therefor |
| US6227702B1 (en) | 1993-11-30 | 2001-05-08 | Nkk Corporation | Method and apparatus for measuring a temperature of a molten metal |
| US6004031A (en) * | 1993-11-30 | 1999-12-21 | Nkk Corporation | Temperature measuring device |
| EP0655613A1 (en) | 1993-11-30 | 1995-05-31 | Nkk Corporation | Temperature measuring device |
| EP0685715A1 (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1995-12-06 | Nkk Corporation | Method for measuring temperature using optical fiber and apparatus therefor |
| US5730527A (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1998-03-24 | Nkk Corporation | Method and apparatus for measuring temperature using an optical fiber |
| WO1998014755A1 (en) * | 1996-10-02 | 1998-04-09 | Ferrotron Elektronik Gmbh | Method to measure slag layer thickness on a molten bath and appropriate device for use of said method |
| JP4603776B2 (en) * | 2003-06-20 | 2010-12-22 | Ｊｆｅメカニカル株式会社 | Weld temperature measurement method |
| JP2005007451A (en) * | 2003-06-20 | 2005-01-13 | Jfe Koken Corp | Method for measuring temperature of weld zone |
| JP2014111271A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2014-06-19 | Japan Steel Works Ltd:The | Temperature measurement device for electro-slag-remelting and temperature measurement method for electro-slag-remelting |
| US9726545B2 (en) | 2013-04-30 | 2017-08-08 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Method and apparatus for measuring the temperature of a molten metal |
| EP2940441A1 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-04 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Device for measuring the temperature of a molten metal |
| US9863709B2 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2018-01-09 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Device for measuring the temperature of a molten metal |
| US10378824B2 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2019-08-13 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Device for measuring the temperature of a molten metal |
| EP3339823A1 (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-27 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Method for measuring a temperature of a molten metal bath |
| US10514302B2 (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2019-12-24 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Method for measuring a temperature of a molten metal bath |
| US11331720B2 (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2022-05-17 | Sintokogio, Ltd. | Pouring apparatus |
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