JPS61290420A - Liquid crystal display element - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display elementInfo
- Publication number
- JPS61290420A JPS61290420A JP60132174A JP13217485A JPS61290420A JP S61290420 A JPS61290420 A JP S61290420A JP 60132174 A JP60132174 A JP 60132174A JP 13217485 A JP13217485 A JP 13217485A JP S61290420 A JPS61290420 A JP S61290420A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- crystal cells
- crystal cell
- optical axis
- cell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000005262 ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 29
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- -1 Phenoxy p-n-octyloxybenzoate Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006608 n-octyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
- G02F1/13471—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells in which all the liquid crystal cells or layers remain transparent, e.g. FLC, ECB, DAP, HAN, TN, STN, SBE-LC cells
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
「技術分野」
本発明は、高速応答の表示素子に好適な強誘電性液晶を
用いた液晶表示素子に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element using ferroelectric liquid crystal suitable for a high-speed response display element.
「従来技術およびその問題点」
強誘電性液晶を用いて表示を行なう方式としては、二枚
の偏光板の間に液晶セルを置き、電圧印加により液晶分
子の光軸を変化させて表示を行なう複屈折モードによる
表示方式と、液晶中に二色性色素を添加し、一枚の偏光
板を用いてカラースイッチングをするゲスト・ホストモ
ードの２つが主に検討されている。"Prior art and its problems" A method for displaying using ferroelectric liquid crystals is to place a liquid crystal cell between two polarizing plates and change the optical axis of the liquid crystal molecules by applying a voltage to produce a display using birefringence. Two main methods are currently being considered: a mode-based display method and a guest-host mode in which dichroic dye is added to liquid crystal and color switching is performed using a single polarizing plate.
ａＭ折モードによる表示方式においては、偏光板により
高いコントラストが得られるという特徴があるが、セル
ギャップを２ ｐ、ｍ以下としなければ干渉色による着
色現象が著しく、また、セルギャップのバラツキにより
干渉色の色相が変化するため、均一な表示が得にくく、
表示品位が悪い。セルギャップを２ｐｍ以下とすれば１
着色は目立たなくなるが、このような薄いセルギ°ヤッ
プで大面積のパネルを製作することは製造技術上困難す
く多い。The display method using the aM folding mode has the characteristic that high contrast can be obtained due to the polarizing plate, but unless the cell gap is kept below 2p or 2m, the coloring phenomenon due to interference color will be significant, and the variation in the cell gap will cause interference. Because the hue of the color changes, it is difficult to obtain a uniform display.
Display quality is poor. If the cell gap is 2pm or less, 1
Although the coloring is less noticeable, it is often difficult due to manufacturing technology to produce large-area panels using such thin cell covers.
これに対し、ゲスト−ホストモードの表示方式セルにお
いては、セルギャップのバラツキは複屈折モードのセル
はど直接光学的特性に影響せず、通常市販されているτ
Ｎモードの液晶表示素子と同じくらいのギャップのセル
により製作することが可能°であるが、高いコントラス
トを得ることは難しく、特に白−黒表示をするためには
、多量の色素を添加しなけれ、ばならず、表示の明るさ
や素子の寿命、信頼性なとの点で問題がある。On the other hand, in guest-host mode display cells, variations in the cell gap do not directly affect the optical properties of birefringence mode cells, and normally commercially available τ
Although it is possible to manufacture cells with a gap similar to that of N-mode liquid crystal display elements, it is difficult to obtain high contrast, and a large amount of dye must be added, especially in order to display black and white. However, there are problems with display brightness, device lifespan, and reliability.
「発明の目的」
本発明の目的は、上記従来技術の問題点を解決し、強誘
電性液晶を用いた複屈折モードによる表示方式において
、セルギャップを厚くしても小さなレターデーションの
値を実現できるようにし、大画面でも良好な表示品位の
液晶表示素子を提供することにある。"Objective of the Invention" The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and to achieve a small retardation value even with a thick cell gap in a birefringence mode display system using ferroelectric liquid crystal. It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal display element that can display images of good quality even on a large screen.
「発明の構成」
本発明による液晶表示素子は、透明電極を内側に形成し
た二枚の透明基板の間に強誘電性液晶を挾み、前記透明
基板の周縁部をシールしてなる液晶セルを二層重ね合せ
、偏光方向が互いに直角または平行となるように配置さ
れた偏光板の間に前記二層の液晶セルを配置し、前記二
層の液晶セルを透過した光のレターデーションの値が０
．１３〜０．２８ ｐ−ｔｓとなるようにしたことを特
徴とする。"Structure of the Invention" A liquid crystal display element according to the present invention includes a liquid crystal cell in which a ferroelectric liquid crystal is sandwiched between two transparent substrates each having a transparent electrode formed therein, and the peripheral edge of the transparent substrates is sealed. The two-layer liquid crystal cell is arranged between two polarizing plates arranged so that the polarization directions are perpendicular or parallel to each other, and the retardation value of the light transmitted through the two-layer liquid crystal cell is 0.
．． 13 to 0.28 p-ts.
本発明では、二層の液晶セルを透過する光の正常光と異
常光との位相の差であるレターデーション（以下、Ｒと
する。）の値が０．１３〜０．２Ｂ ４ ｒｓとなるよ
うにする０通常、一層の液晶セルを用いた場合には、こ
のような只の値を得るためには、セルギャップを２ルｍ
程度以下としなければならない。しかし、本発明では、
例えば二層の液晶セルに電圧を印加して動作させたとき
、一層目の液晶セルの（ＩＩＩＲｔ と、二層目の液晶
セルの値Ｒ２とで互いに打ち消しあい、その差の分Ｒ１
−Ｒ２が実際のＲとなるようにすることにより、セルギ
ャップに関係なく、適当なＲの値を得ることが可能とな
る。In the present invention, the value of retardation (hereinafter referred to as R), which is the phase difference between normal light and abnormal light of light transmitted through a two-layer liquid crystal cell, is 0.13 to 0.2B 4 rs. Normally, when using a single-layer liquid crystal cell, to obtain such a simple value, the cell gap should be set to 2 lm.
It must be kept below the level below. However, in the present invention,
For example, when a voltage is applied to a two-layer liquid crystal cell to operate it, the value (IIIRt of the first layer liquid crystal cell and the value R2 of the second layer liquid crystal cell) cancel each other out, and the difference R1
By setting -R2 to be the actual R, it becomes possible to obtain an appropriate value of R regardless of the cell gap.
すなわち、現在、ＴＮセルの製造技術を用いて安定して
均一なセルギャップを形成することが可能なのは６〜１
Ｑ３Ｌ＋ｍの範囲内であるが１例えばセルギャップが７
．５４ｒｓのセルと、９．ＯＪＬｌｌのセルとに、複屈
折異方性の値が０．１４であるような液晶を注入して光
軸の傾き方向が反対となるように配置すると、この２層
のセルを透過する光のＲは、１３、ＯＸｏ、１４−７．
５ Ｘｏ、１４＝０．２１１層ｍとなり、これはセルギ
ャップが１．５１層ｍのセルと同じ値であり、干渉色は
発生せず、白黒表示の高いコントラストが得られる。That is, currently, it is possible to form a stable and uniform cell gap using TN cell manufacturing technology in 6 to 1 cells.
Q3L+m is within the range of 1, for example, if the cell gap is 7
．． 9.54rs cell; If a liquid crystal with a birefringence anisotropy value of 0.14 is injected into the OJLll cell and arranged so that the optical axes are tilted in opposite directions, the light that passes through these two layers of cells will be R is 13, OXo, 14-7.
5Xo,14=0.211 layers m, which is the same value as a cell with a cell gap of 1.51 layers m, no interference color occurs, and high contrast in black and white display can be obtained.
なお１本発明では、二層の液晶セルを通過したＲの値が
０．１３〜０．２８μｍとなるようにされるが、０．１
３ＪＬ１未満では光の透過率が低くなり表示が暗くなる
という問題が生じ、０．２θＩＬ１１を超えると干渉色
による着色現象が著しく、表示品位が低、下するとい□
う問題が生じる。Note that in the present invention, the value of R after passing through a two-layer liquid crystal cell is set to 0.13 to 0.28 μm, but it is set to 0.1 μm.
If it is less than 3JL1, there will be a problem that the light transmittance will be low and the display will become dark, and if it exceeds 0.2θIL11, the coloring phenomenon due to interference color will be significant and the display quality will deteriorate.
A problem arises.
「発明の実施例」
第１図には、本発明による液晶表示素子の一実施例が示
されている。この液晶表示素子は、偏光方向が互いに直
角となるように配置された二枚の偏光板１１．１２の間
に、二層の液晶セル２１．３１が配置されてできている
。"Embodiment of the Invention" FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a liquid crystal display element according to the present invention. This liquid crystal display element is made up of two layers of liquid crystal cells 21.31 arranged between two polarizing plates 11.12 arranged so that the polarization directions are perpendicular to each other.
各液晶セル２１．３１は１次のように構成されている。Each liquid crystal cell 21.31 is configured in a first-order manner.
すなわち、セグメント側のガラス基板２２．３２上に酸
化インジウム蒸着膜を形成し、フォトプロセスにより所
望の形状にパターニングして透明電極２３．３３を形成
する。さらに、ｒＰＩＸ １４００Ｊポリイミド樹脂（
日立化成製）の１０％Ｎ−メチルピロリドン溶液をスピ
ンナー塗布し、表示部以外の膜を除去した後、３７０℃
で１時間架橋重合して配向膜２４．３４を形成する。配
向膜２４．３４には、脱脂綿により一方向にラビング処
理して方位づけする。一方、コモン側のガラス基板２５
．３５には、酸化インジウム蒸着膜からなる透明電極２
８．３６を形成した後、ｒ ５ＨＥ１０２０Ｊシランカ
ツプリング剤（トーレ・シリコーン社製）にて表面処理
する。そして、セグメント側のガラス基板２２．３２と
、コモン側のガラス基板２５．３５とを一定の間隙を保
つように保持しながら１周辺部をエポキシ樹脂からなる
シール剤２７．３７で固定する。なお、上側の液晶セル
２１はセルギャップ９４ｍとし、下側の液晶セル３１は
セルギャップ７．５ルｍとする。That is, an indium oxide vapor deposition film is formed on the glass substrate 22.32 on the segment side, and patterned into a desired shape by a photo process to form a transparent electrode 23.33. In addition, rPIX 1400J polyimide resin (
After applying a 10% N-methylpyrrolidone solution (manufactured by Hitachi Chemical) using a spinner and removing the film other than the display area, the film was heated to 370°C.
Cross-linking polymerization is carried out for 1 hour to form alignment films 24 and 34. The alignment films 24 and 34 are oriented by rubbing in one direction with absorbent cotton. On the other hand, the glass substrate 25 on the common side
．． At 35, a transparent electrode 2 made of an indium oxide vapor-deposited film is shown.
After forming 8.36, the surface is treated with r5HE1020J silane coupling agent (manufactured by Toray Silicone). Then, while holding the glass substrate 22.32 on the segment side and the glass substrate 25.35 on the common side so as to maintain a constant gap, one peripheral portion is fixed with a sealant 27.37 made of epoxy resin. Note that the upper liquid crystal cell 21 has a cell gap of 94 m, and the lower liquid crystal cell 31 has a cell gap of 7.5 m.
これらの液晶セル２１．３１に、それぞれ強誘電性液晶
２Ｂ、３８を注入する。すなわち、強誘電性液晶２８．
３８は、ｐ’−（活性−アミロキシ）−フェノキシｐ−
１−ヘキシロキシベンゾエイト［ｐ’−（ａｃｔ−ａＢ
ｌｏｘｙ）−ｐｈｅｎｏｘｙ ｐ−ｎ−ｈｅｘｙｌａｚ
ｙ ｂｅｎｚｏａｔｅｌ１３．３重量％と、ｐ゛−（活
性−アミロキシ）−フェノキシｐ−ｎ−オクチロキシベ
ンゾエイト［ｐ’−（ａｃｔ−ａＢｌｏｘ７）−ｐｈｅ
ｎｏｘｙｐ−ｎ−ｏｃｔ７１ｏｘｙ ｂｅｎｚｏａｔｅ
］ ４１．３重量％と、ｐ’ −（ｎ−オクチロキシ）
フェノキシｐ−ｎ−オクチロキシベンゾエイト［ｐ’−
（ｎ−ｏｃｔｙｌｏｘｙ）ｐｈｅｎｏｚｙ ｐ−ｎ−ｏ
ｃｔｙｌｏｘ７ｂｅｎｚｏａｔｅ ］ １１３．４重量
と、ｐ−オクチロキシフェニル４−（２−メチルブチル
）ビフェニルカルボキシレート［ｐ’−ｏｃｔｙｌｏｘ
ｙ ｐｈｅｎｙｌ ４−（２−Ｍｅｔｈｙｌｂｕｔｈｙ
ｌ）ｂｉｐｈｅｎｙｌ ｃａｒｂｏｘｙｌａｔｅコ１２
．０重量％と、ざらにｐ−（２−メチルブトキシ）０−
ハイドロキシベンジリデンｐ−オフチリアニリン［ｐ’
−（２−Ｍｅｔｈｙｌｂｕｔｏｘｙ）ｏ−ｈｙｄｒｏｘ
ｙ ｂｅｎｚｉｌｉｄｅｒ＋ｅ ｐ−ｏｃｔｙｌｙａ
ｎｉｌｉｎｅ］ １９．８重量％とを混合した５成分
からなる混合液晶からなっている。この混合液晶は、＋
５℃から＋４０℃の間において、カイラルスメクティッ
クＣ相を示す。Ferroelectric liquid crystals 2B and 38 are injected into these liquid crystal cells 21 and 31, respectively. That is, the ferroelectric liquid crystal 28.
38 is p'-(active-amyloxy)-phenoxyp-
1-hexyloxybenzoate [p'-(act-aB
p-n-hexylaz
y benzoatel 13.3% by weight and p'-(act-aBlox7)-phe
noxyp-n-oct71oxybenzoate
] 41.3% by weight and p'-(n-octyloxy)
Phenoxy p-n-octyloxybenzoate [p'-
(n-octyloxy)phenozy p-n-o
p-octyloxyphenyl 4-(2-methylbutyl)biphenylcarboxylate [p'-octyloxbenzoate] 113.4% by weight
y phenyl 4-(2-Methylbuty
l) biphenyl carboxylate ko12
．． 0% by weight and Zarani p-(2-methylbutoxy)0-
Hydroxybenzylidene p-oftyaniline [p'
-(2-Methylbutoxy)o-hydrox
y benzilider+e p-octylya
niline] and 19.8% by weight. This mixed liquid crystal is +
It exhibits chiral smectic C phase between 5°C and +40°C.
このようにして作成したセルギャップ９ ｇｔａの液晶
セル２１と、セルギャップ７．５ ｇｍの液晶セル３１
とを、セグメント側の基板２２．３２どうしが隣接する
ように重ね合せて、偏光板１１．１２の間に配置する。A liquid crystal cell 21 with a cell gap of 9 gta and a liquid crystal cell 31 with a cell gap of 7.5 gm created in this way.
are stacked so that the segment-side substrates 22.32 are adjacent to each other and arranged between the polarizing plates 11.12.
第２図に示すように、液晶セル２１．３１内の液晶分子
の光軸方向Ａ、Ｂは、電圧無印加状態、あるいはセグメ
ント側の電極に−の極性の直流電界を印加した状態にお
いて、ラビング処理した方向に平行であり、この状態で
は液晶セル２１．３１の光軸方向Ａ、Ｂは一致している
。この光軸方向Ａ、Ｈに一方の偏光板１１の偏光軸方向
Ｃを一致させると、他方の偏光板１２の偏光軸方向りが
直交しているので、消光位状態となり、透過光は遮断さ
れる。As shown in FIG. 2, the optical axis directions A and B of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal cell 21.31 are rubbed when no voltage is applied or when a negative polarity DC electric field is applied to the electrode on the segment side. It is parallel to the processed direction, and in this state, the optical axis directions A and B of the liquid crystal cell 21.31 are coincident. When the polarization axis direction C of one polarizing plate 11 is made to coincide with the optical axis directions A and H, the polarization axis direction of the other polarizing plate 12 is perpendicular to the optical axis directions A and H, so that an extinction state is established and the transmitted light is blocked. Ru.
第３図に示すように、セグメント側に＋の極性の直流電
界を印加すると、液晶分子の光軸方向Ａ、Ｂはラビング
方向よりθだけ傾くが、一層目の液晶セル２１と、二層
目の液晶セル３１とでは印加される電界の方向が反対向
きとなるため、光軸の傾き方向は反対向きとなり、二層
の液晶セル２１．３１を通過した光のレターデーション
Ｒ（７）値は、Δｎが０，１４であり、セルギャップの
差が９．０−７．５−１．５ルｍであるので、０．１４
Ｘ １．５＝０．２１ｇｍとなる。干渉色は、レターデ
ーションＲの値が０．２８ ｐ、 ｍ以下であれば目立
たないため、良好な山−黒のスイッチング表示が得られ
た。As shown in FIG. 3, when a positive polarity DC electric field is applied to the segment side, the optical axis directions A and B of the liquid crystal molecules are tilted by θ from the rubbing direction, but the liquid crystal cell 21 in the first layer and the liquid crystal cell 21 in the second layer are Since the direction of the applied electric field is opposite to that of the liquid crystal cell 31, the optical axis tilt direction is opposite, and the retardation R(7) value of the light passing through the two-layer liquid crystal cell 21.31 is , Δn is 0.14, and the difference in cell gap is 9.0-7.5-1.5 m, so 0.14
X1.5=0.21gm. Since the interference color is not noticeable if the retardation R value is 0.28 p, m or less, a good mountain-black switching display was obtained.
「発明の効果」
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、強誘電性液晶を
有する液晶セルを二枚組合せることにより、セルギャッ
プを厚くしても小さなレターデーションの値を実、現で
き、これによって干渉色のない、高いコントラストの表
示を可能とすることができる。また、セルギャップを厚
くすることができるので、大画面でも良好な表示品位の
液晶表示素子を提供することができる。"Effects of the Invention" As explained above, according to the present invention, by combining two liquid crystal cells having ferroelectric liquid crystal, a small retardation value can be realized even if the cell gap is thick. , thereby enabling high-contrast display without interference colors. Furthermore, since the cell gap can be made thicker, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display element with good display quality even on a large screen.
第１図は本発明による液晶表示素子の一実施例を示す断
面図、第２図は同液晶表示素子の電界無印加状態あるい
はセグメント側電極に一極性の直流電圧を印加した状態
における偏光板の偏光軸と液晶セルの液晶分子の光軸の
向きとを示した図、第３図は同液晶表示素子のセグメン
ト側電極に十の直流電圧を印加した状態における偏光板
の偏光軸と液晶セルの液晶分子の光軸の向きとを示した
図である。
図中、１１．１２は偏光板、２１．３１は液晶セル、２
２．３２はセグメント側のガラス基板、２３．３３は透
明電極、２５．３５はコモン側のガラス基板、２６．３
６は透明電極、２８．３８は強誘電性液晶、Ａ、Ｂは液
晶分子の光軸方向、Ｃ，Ｄは偏光板の偏光軸方向のであ
る。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a liquid crystal display element according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the polarizing plate of the same liquid crystal display element when no electric field is applied or when a unipolar DC voltage is applied to the segment side electrode. Figure 3 shows the polarization axis and the direction of the optical axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal cell. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the directions of optical axes of liquid crystal molecules. In the figure, 11.12 is a polarizing plate, 21.31 is a liquid crystal cell, 2
2.32 is the glass substrate on the segment side, 23.33 is the transparent electrode, 25.35 is the glass substrate on the common side, 26.3
6 is a transparent electrode, 28.38 is a ferroelectric liquid crystal, A and B are optical axis directions of liquid crystal molecules, and C and D are polarization axis directions of a polarizing plate.
Claims (2)
強誘電性液晶を挾み、前記透明基板の周縁部をシールし
てなる液晶セルを二層重ね合せ、偏光方向が互いに直角
または互いに平行となるように配置された偏光板の間に
前記二層の液晶セルを配置し、前記二層の液晶セルを透
過した光のレターデーションの値が０．１３〜０．２６
μｍとなるようにしたことを特徴とする液晶表示素子。(1) A ferroelectric liquid crystal is sandwiched between two transparent substrates with transparent electrodes formed inside, and two layers of liquid crystal cells are formed by sealing the periphery of the transparent substrates, and the polarization directions are perpendicular to each other. Alternatively, the two-layer liquid crystal cell is arranged between polarizing plates arranged parallel to each other, and the retardation value of light transmitted through the two-layer liquid crystal cell is 0.13 to 0.26.
A liquid crystal display element characterized in that it has a diameter of μm.
晶セルの液晶分子の光軸の傾き方向と、前記二層目の液
晶セルの液晶分子の光軸の傾き方向とが反対方向となる
ように設置し、一層目の液晶セルのレターデーションＲ
＿１と二層目の液晶セルのレターデーションＲ＿２との
差Ｒ＿１−Ｒ＿２が実際に観察されるレターデーション
の値となるようにした液晶表示素子。(2) In claim 1, the tilt direction of the optical axis of the liquid crystal molecules of the first layer liquid crystal cell and the tilt direction of the optical axis of the liquid crystal molecules of the second layer liquid crystal cell are opposite directions. Install it so that the retardation R of the first layer liquid crystal cell
A liquid crystal display element in which the difference R_1-R_2 between _1 and retardation R_2 of a second layer liquid crystal cell becomes an actually observed retardation value.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60132174A JPS61290420A (en) | 1985-06-18 | 1985-06-18 | Liquid crystal display element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60132174A JPS61290420A (en) | 1985-06-18 | 1985-06-18 | Liquid crystal display element |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61290420A true JPS61290420A (en) | 1986-12-20 |
Family
ID=15075101
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60132174A Pending JPS61290420A (en) | 1985-06-18 | 1985-06-18 | Liquid crystal display element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61290420A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6450019A (en) * | 1987-08-21 | 1989-02-27 | Seiko Epson Corp | Color liquid crystal display element |
| JPH0223A (en) * | 1987-08-24 | 1990-01-05 | Seiko Epson Corp | Liquid crystal optical device and stereoscopic video device equipped with the same |
| JPH024220A (en) * | 1988-06-21 | 1990-01-09 | Seiko Instr Inc | Liquid crystal device |
| JPH0229618A (en) * | 1988-07-19 | 1990-01-31 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Liquid crystal element and its operating method |
| US5495351A (en) * | 1990-11-09 | 1996-02-27 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal device with two monostable liquid crystal cells |
| KR100486068B1 (en) * | 1997-03-11 | 2005-07-18 | 롤리크 아게 | Reflective ferroelectric liquid crystal display |
| KR100487691B1 (en) * | 1995-11-07 | 2005-08-05 | 롤리크 아게 | Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Display |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56119114A (en) * | 1980-02-23 | 1981-09-18 | Sharp Corp | Double-layer liquid-crystal display device |
| JPS58173718A (en) * | 1982-04-07 | 1983-10-12 | Hitachi Ltd | Liquid crystal light modulator and its manufacturing method |
-
1985
- 1985-06-18 JP JP60132174A patent/JPS61290420A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56119114A (en) * | 1980-02-23 | 1981-09-18 | Sharp Corp | Double-layer liquid-crystal display device |
| JPS58173718A (en) * | 1982-04-07 | 1983-10-12 | Hitachi Ltd | Liquid crystal light modulator and its manufacturing method |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6450019A (en) * | 1987-08-21 | 1989-02-27 | Seiko Epson Corp | Color liquid crystal display element |
| JP2569585B2 (en) * | 1987-08-21 | 1997-01-08 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Color liquid crystal display device |
| JPH0223A (en) * | 1987-08-24 | 1990-01-05 | Seiko Epson Corp | Liquid crystal optical device and stereoscopic video device equipped with the same |
| JPH024220A (en) * | 1988-06-21 | 1990-01-09 | Seiko Instr Inc | Liquid crystal device |
| JPH0229618A (en) * | 1988-07-19 | 1990-01-31 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Liquid crystal element and its operating method |
| US5495351A (en) * | 1990-11-09 | 1996-02-27 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal device with two monostable liquid crystal cells |
| US5568287A (en) * | 1990-11-09 | 1996-10-22 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal device with optical means of high refractive index at pixels and low refractive index between pixels |
| KR100487691B1 (en) * | 1995-11-07 | 2005-08-05 | 롤리크 아게 | Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Display |
| KR100486068B1 (en) * | 1997-03-11 | 2005-07-18 | 롤리크 아게 | Reflective ferroelectric liquid crystal display |
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