JPH01202713A - Liquid crystal optical device - Google Patents
Liquid crystal optical deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01202713A JPH01202713A JP2791988A JP2791988A JPH01202713A JP H01202713 A JPH01202713 A JP H01202713A JP 2791988 A JP2791988 A JP 2791988A JP 2791988 A JP2791988 A JP 2791988A JP H01202713 A JPH01202713 A JP H01202713A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- optical device
- optical
- layer
- nematic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
- G02F1/13471—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells in which all the liquid crystal cells or layers remain transparent, e.g. FLC, ECB, DAP, HAN, TN, STN, SBE-LC cells
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は光の透過光量を制御する液晶光学装置の構造に
関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to the structure of a liquid crystal optical device that controls the amount of transmitted light.
従来のツィステッドネマチック効果（以後、ＴＮ効果と
記す）を用いた液晶光学装置の構造は例えば、液晶光学
装置を非点灯時に光を遮断、点灯時に光を透過する状態
（以後、ネガ表示と記す）で使用する場合には一対の基
板間にツイスト配向をしたネマチック液晶層を有する液
晶セルの両側に、偏光板の偏光軸が互いに平行で、かつ
、一方の基板表面でのダイレクタ−の方向と偏光軸が一
致するように配置したものが一般的であった。The structure of a conventional liquid crystal optical device using the twisted nematic effect (hereinafter referred to as TN effect) is, for example, a liquid crystal optical device that blocks light when not lit, and transmits light when turned on (hereinafter referred to as negative display). ), the polarization axes of the polarizing plates are parallel to each other and parallel to the direction of the director on the surface of one substrate. Generally, they were arranged so that their polarization axes coincided.
従来の液晶光学装置の印加実効電圧と透過光量の関係を
第５図に示す。液晶のツイスト角は９００光学異方性Δ
ｎ＝０．１７、セルギャップｄ＝１０μｍである。FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the applied effective voltage and the amount of transmitted light in a conventional liquid crystal optical device. The twist angle of liquid crystal is 900 optical anisotropy Δ
n=0.17, cell gap d=10 μm.
例えば、この液晶光学装置をスタティック駆動する場合
には、Ｖ ＯＦＦ ＝ ＯＶ、ＶＯ，＝２．５Ｖで使用
できるためコントラスト比は約１＝６０を得ることがで
きるが、ダイナミック駆動をした場合、例えば１ ／
８ ｄ ｕ ｔ ｙの場合は、ＶＯＦＦ ＝ １ 、３
０■、ＶＯＮ＝ １ 、８８ Ｖの使用となるため、コ
ントラスト比は、約１：１０と著しく低下するという問
題点を有していた。For example, when statically driving this liquid crystal optical device, it can be used at V OFF = OV, VO, = 2.5V, so a contrast ratio of about 1 = 60 can be obtained, but when dynamically driving, for example 1 /
For 8 duty, VOFF = 1, 3
0■, VON=1, and 88 V, the contrast ratio had a problem of being significantly lowered to about 1:10.
そこで本発明は、このような問題点を解決するもので、
その目的とするところはダイナミック駆動時に高いコン
トラスト比を得ることにある。Therefore, the present invention aims to solve these problems.
The purpose is to obtain a high contrast ratio during dynamic driving.
本発明の液晶光学装置は、内面に電極を有して対向する
一対の基板間にツイスト配向をしたネマチック液晶層を
有し、その電気光学効果を利用して光の透過、遮断を制
御する液晶光学装置において、前述のネマチック液晶層
を有するセル（以後、表示用液晶セルと記す、）とは別
に表示用液晶セルをダイナミック駆動した際のＯＦＦ時
の光学異方性に相当する光学異方性を有する光学補償層
を備えたことを特徴とする。The liquid crystal optical device of the present invention has a twisted oriented nematic liquid crystal layer between a pair of opposing substrates having electrodes on their inner surfaces, and uses the electro-optic effect to control the transmission and blocking of light. In an optical device, optical anisotropy corresponding to the optical anisotropy in the OFF state when a display liquid crystal cell is dynamically driven separately from the cell having the above-mentioned nematic liquid crystal layer (hereinafter referred to as a display liquid crystal cell). It is characterized by comprising an optical compensation layer having the following.
〔実 施 例 １〕
第１図は本発明の一実施例である液晶光学装置の断面図
であり、６−１．６−２はそれぞれ上側偏光板、下側偏
光板、４は配向膜であり矢印３１−１．３１−２の方向
にラビングすることにより配向処理を行っている。３は
液晶層でツイスト角は９０°、光学異方性Δｎ＝０．１
７、セルギャップ１０μｍである。７は光学補償層であ
り、−軸延伸フィルムを使用し、Δｎｄ＝５５０ｎｍで
ある。[Embodiment 1] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal optical device that is an embodiment of the present invention, in which 6-1 and 6-2 are an upper polarizing plate and a lower polarizing plate, respectively, and 4 is an alignment film. Orientation treatment is performed by rubbing in the directions of dovetail arrows 31-1 and 31-2. 3 is a liquid crystal layer with a twist angle of 90° and optical anisotropy Δn=0.1
7. Cell gap is 10 μm. 7 is an optical compensation layer, using a -axis stretched film, and Δnd=550 nm.
第２図は、上下偏光板の偏光軸、液晶のツイスト方向、
−軸延伸フィルムの光軸の方向を示した図であり、３３
−１．３３−２は、それぞれ上側偏光板、下側偏光板の
偏光軸の方向であり、直角をなしている。３４は液晶の
ツイスト配向を示し、上側基板から下側基板へ矢印の方
向にツイストしている。３５は一軸延伸フィルムの光軸
の方向であり、上下偏光板の偏光軸と４５°の角度をな
している。Figure 2 shows the polarization axes of the upper and lower polarizers, the twist direction of the liquid crystal,
- It is a diagram showing the direction of the optical axis of the axially stretched film, and is 33
-1.33-2 are the directions of the polarization axes of the upper polarizing plate and the lower polarizing plate, respectively, and are at right angles. 34 indicates a twisted orientation of the liquid crystal, which is twisted in the direction of the arrow from the upper substrate to the lower substrate. 35 is the direction of the optical axis of the uniaxially stretched film, which forms an angle of 45° with the polarizing axes of the upper and lower polarizing plates.
第３図は、本実施例の液晶光学装置の印加実効電圧と透
過光量の関係を示した図である。１／８ｄｕｔｙで駆動
した場合、Ｖｏ−ｐ ＝１．３０Ｖ、ＶＯＮ＝ １ 、
８８Ｖとなるため、補償層のない従来の液晶光学装置で
は、コントラスト比が約１＝１０となるのに対し、本実
施例の液晶光学装置では、コントラスト比が約１：６０
と高いものとなった。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the applied effective voltage and the amount of transmitted light in the liquid crystal optical device of this example. When driven at 1/8 duty, Vo-p = 1.30V, VON = 1,
88V, so in a conventional liquid crystal optical device without a compensation layer, the contrast ratio is approximately 1:10, whereas in the liquid crystal optical device of this embodiment, the contrast ratio is approximately 1:60.
It became very expensive.
〔実 施 例 ２〕
第４図は、本発明の一実施例である液晶光学装置の断面
図であり、光学補ｒｆｉ層として実施例１における一軸
延伸フィルムのかわりに光学補償用液晶セル２２を用い
ている。光学補償用液晶セル２２内に挟持された液晶は
、光学異方性Δｎ＝０゜１０、セルギャップ５．５μｍ
で上下基板間において、ホモジニアス配向をしている。[Example 2] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal optical device that is an example of the present invention, in which an optical compensation liquid crystal cell 22 is used instead of the uniaxially stretched film in Example 1 as an optical compensation RFI layer. I am using it. The liquid crystal sandwiched within the optical compensation liquid crystal cell 22 has an optical anisotropy Δn=0°10 and a cell gap of 5.5 μm.
There is a homogeneous orientation between the upper and lower substrates.
又、実施例１同様上側偏光板と下側偏光板の偏光軸のな
す角は９０°の角度をなし、光学補償用液晶セル２２内
の液晶１３のダイレクタ−の方向は上下偏光板の偏光軸
と４５°の角度をなしている。表示用液晶セル２１の条
件は実施例１と同じである。この液晶光学装置では、実
施例１同様に約に６０のコントラスト化を得ることがで
きた。Also, as in Example 1, the angle formed by the polarization axes of the upper and lower polarizing plates is 90°, and the direction of the director of the liquid crystal 13 in the optical compensation liquid crystal cell 22 is the polarizing axis of the upper and lower polarizing plates. and make an angle of 45°. The conditions of the display liquid crystal cell 21 are the same as in Example 1. With this liquid crystal optical device, as in Example 1, a contrast of about 60 could be obtained.
〔実 施 例 ３〕
前記実施例１では、光学補１１！ｉ層として一軸延伸フ
ィルムを、前記実施例２では、光学補償層として液晶層
を用いているが、石英などの光学異方性を示す一軸結晶
を使用しても同等の効果を有する。[Embodiment 3] In the embodiment 1, the optical supplement 11! Although a uniaxially stretched film is used as the i-layer and a liquid crystal layer is used as the optical compensation layer in Example 2, the same effect can be obtained even if a uniaxial crystal exhibiting optical anisotropy such as quartz is used.
〔実 施 例 ４Ｊ
前記実施例１．２では、光学補償層のΔｎｄは、５５０
ｎｍであったが、２００〜７００ｎｍの範囲であれば
十分な効果を有することか確認されている。[Example 4J In Example 1.2 above, Δnd of the optical compensation layer was 550
nm, but it has been confirmed that a range of 200 to 700 nm has sufficient effects.
前記実施ρ１１．２では、表示用液晶セルのΔｎｄの値
は、１７００ｎｍであったが、本発明は、Δｎｄ＞７０
０ｎｍのであれば十分な効果を有することが確認されて
いる。また、表示用液晶セルのライス１〜角は９０″′
であったが、６０゛〜１４０°の範囲にあることが望よ
］−＜、上述した各実施例と同様の効果が得られる。In the above implementation ρ11.2, the value of Δnd of the display liquid crystal cell was 1700 nm, but in the present invention, the value of Δnd>70
It has been confirmed that a thickness of 0 nm has a sufficient effect. In addition, the rice 1~angle of the display liquid crystal cell is 90'''
However, it is preferable that the angle be in the range of 60° to 140°]-<, the same effects as in each of the above-mentioned embodiments can be obtained.
以上述べたように本発明によれば、内面に電極を有して
対向する一対の基板間にツイスト配向をしたネマチック
液晶層を有し、そのＴＮ効果を用いて光の透過、遮断を
制御する液晶光学装置において表示用液晶セルとは別に
、表示用液晶セルをダイナミック駆動した際のＯＦＦ時
の光学異方性に相当する光学異方性を有する光学補償層
を備えることにより、ダイナミック駆動時に高いコント
ラスト比が得られるという効果を有する。As described above, according to the present invention, a twisted oriented nematic liquid crystal layer is provided between a pair of opposing substrates with electrodes on the inner surface, and the transmission and blocking of light is controlled using the TN effect. In a liquid crystal optical device, apart from the display liquid crystal cell, an optical compensation layer having an optical anisotropy corresponding to the optical anisotropy in the OFF state when the display liquid crystal cell is dynamically driven is provided. This has the effect of providing a good contrast ratio.
第１図は本発明の一実施例である液晶光学装置の断面図
。
第２図は、第１図に示された液晶光学装置の上下偏光板
の偏光軸、液晶のツイスト方向、−軸延伸フィルムの光
軸の方向を示した図。
第３図は、第１図に示された液晶光学装置の印加実効電
圧と透過光量の関係を示した図。
第４図は本発明の一実施例である液晶光学装置の断面図
。
第５図は、従来の液晶光学装置の印加実効電圧と透過光
量の関係を示した図。
１−１・・・・上側基板
１−２・・・・下側基板
２・・・・・・シール材
３・・・・・・液晶層
４・・・・・・配向膜
５・・・・・・透明電極
６−１・・・・上側偏光板
６−２・・・・下側偏光板
７・・・・・・−軸延伸フィルム
１１−１・・・上側基板
１１−２・・・下側基板
１２・・・・・シール材
１３・・・・・液晶層
１４・・・・・配向膜
１５・・・・・透明電極
２１・・・・・表示用液晶セル
２２・・・・・光学補償用液晶セル
３１−１・・・表示用液晶セル上側基板ラビング方向
３１−２・・・表示用液晶セル下側基板ラビング方向
３２−１・・・光学補償用液晶セル上側基板ラビング方
向
３２−２・・・光学補償用液晶セル下側基板ラビング方
向
３３−１・・・上側偏光板の偏光軸の方向３３−２・・
・下側内光板の偏光軸の方向３４・・・・・液晶のツイ
スト方向
３５・・・・・−軸延伸フィルムの光軸の方向
以上
出願人 セイコーエプソン株式会社
代理人 弁理士 最 上 務（他１名）第１図
第２図
第３図 史効転ＶｏｐFIG. 1 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal optical device that is an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the polarization axes of the upper and lower polarizing plates, the twist direction of the liquid crystal, and the direction of the optical axis of the -axis stretched film of the liquid crystal optical device shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the applied effective voltage and the amount of transmitted light of the liquid crystal optical device shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal optical device that is an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the applied effective voltage and the amount of transmitted light in a conventional liquid crystal optical device. 1-1... Upper substrate 1-2... Lower substrate 2... Seal material 3... Liquid crystal layer 4... Alignment film 5... ... Transparent electrode 6-1 ... Upper polarizing plate 6-2 ... Lower polarizing plate 7 ... - Axial stretched film 11-1 ... Upper substrate 11-2 ... - Lower substrate 12... Seal material 13... Liquid crystal layer 14... Alignment film 15... Transparent electrode 21... Display liquid crystal cell 22... ...Liquid crystal cell for optical compensation 31-1...Liquid crystal cell for display upper substrate rubbing direction 31-2...Liquid crystal cell for display lower substrate rubbing direction 32-1...Liquid crystal cell for optical compensation upper substrate rubbing Direction 32-2...Liquid crystal cell for optical compensation Lower substrate rubbing direction 33-1...Direction of polarization axis of upper polarizing plate 33-2...
・Direction of the polarization axis of the lower inner light plate 34...Twist direction of the liquid crystal 35...-Direction of the optical axis of the axially stretched film and above Applicant Seiko Epson Corporation Agent Patent Attorney Mogami ( 1 other person) Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Shikokuten Vop
Claims (5)
スト配向をしたネマチック液晶層を有し、前記ネマチッ
ク液晶層のツイステッドネマチック効果を用いて、光の
透過、遮断を制御する液晶光学装置において、前記ネマ
チック液晶層とは別に前記液晶光学装置をダイナミック
駆動した際のＯＦＦ時の光学異方性に相当する光学異方
性を有する光学補償層を備えたことを特徴とする液晶光
学装置。(1) Liquid crystal optics that has a twisted oriented nematic liquid crystal layer between a pair of opposing substrates with electrodes on their inner surfaces, and uses the twisted nematic effect of the nematic liquid crystal layer to control light transmission and blocking. A liquid crystal optical device comprising, in addition to the nematic liquid crystal layer, an optical compensation layer having an optical anisotropy corresponding to the optical anisotropy in the OFF state when the liquid crystal optical device is dynamically driven. .
配向をしたネマチック液晶層を挟持した液晶素子である
ことを特徴とする第１項記載の液晶光学装置。(2) The liquid crystal optical device according to item 1, wherein the optical compensation layer is a liquid crystal element having a substantially homogeneously oriented nematic liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a pair of substrates.
とする第１項記載の液晶光学装置。(3) The liquid crystal optical device according to item 1, wherein the optical compensation layer is a uniaxially stretched film.
６０°〜１４０°であることを特徴とする第１項記載の
液晶光学装置。(4) The liquid crystal optical device according to item 1, wherein the twist angle of the nematic liquid crystal layer between the pair of substrates is 60° to 140°.
ｎと厚さｄの積Δｎ・ｄが７００ｎｍ以上であることを
特徴とする第１項記載の液晶光学装置。(5) Optical anisotropy Δ of nematic liquid crystal layer between a pair of substrates
2. The liquid crystal optical device according to claim 1, wherein the product Δn·d of n and thickness d is 700 nm or more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2791988A JPH01202713A (en) | 1988-02-09 | 1988-02-09 | Liquid crystal optical device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2791988A JPH01202713A (en) | 1988-02-09 | 1988-02-09 | Liquid crystal optical device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01202713A true JPH01202713A (en) | 1989-08-15 |
Family
ID=12234292
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2791988A Pending JPH01202713A (en) | 1988-02-09 | 1988-02-09 | Liquid crystal optical device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01202713A (en) |
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-
1988
- 1988-02-09 JP JP2791988A patent/JPH01202713A/en active Pending
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| US12000203B2 (en) | 2018-08-17 | 2024-06-04 | Cardinal Ig Company | Privacy glazing structure with asymetrical pane offsets for electrical connection configurations |
| US20200056423A1 (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2020-02-20 | Cardinal Ig Company | Privacy glazing structure with asymetrical pane offsets for electrical connection configurations |
| US10968684B2 (en) | 2018-08-17 | 2021-04-06 | Cardinal Ig Company | Privacy glazing structure with asymetrical pane offsets for electrical connection configurations |
| US12164186B2 (en) | 2018-12-02 | 2024-12-10 | Cardinal Ig Company | Electrically dynamic window structure with ultralow power consumption comprising a liquid crystal material that can switch between first and second optical transition states |
| US11474385B1 (en) | 2018-12-02 | 2022-10-18 | Cardinal Ig Company | Electrically controllable privacy glazing with ultralow power consumption comprising a liquid crystal material having a light transmittance that varies in response to application of an electric field |
| US11111720B2 (en) | 2019-02-08 | 2021-09-07 | Cardinal Ig Company | Low power driver for privacy glazing |
| US11826986B2 (en) | 2019-04-29 | 2023-11-28 | Cardinal Ig Company | Leakage current detection and control for one or more electrically controllable privacy glazing structures |
| US11681170B2 (en) | 2019-04-29 | 2023-06-20 | Cardinal Ig Company | Staggered driving electrical control of a plurality of electrically controllable privacy glazing structures |
| US11448910B2 (en) | 2019-04-29 | 2022-09-20 | Cardinal Ig Company | Systems and methods for operating one or more electrically controllable privacy glazing structures |
| US11325352B2 (en) | 2019-04-29 | 2022-05-10 | Cardinal Ig Company | Leakage current detection and control for one or more electrically controllable privacy glazing structures |
| US11175523B2 (en) | 2019-04-29 | 2021-11-16 | Cardinal Ig Company | Staggered driving electrical control of a plurality of electrically controllable privacy glazing structures |
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