JPS61199162A - Personal identification system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make the forgery of a card impossible by using a finger print as an identification code of the card and using a card reader to collate the read finger print with the finger print stored on the card so as to eliminate the need for the memory of the identification code by a possessor of the card. CONSTITUTION:When a card possessor loads an IC card 20 registered with a pattern code as personal information to a reader 30 and places a spacific finger to a window for taking a finger print, the finger print of the card possessor is picked up by a CCD or an ITV camera 30a. The image pickup signal is converted into a gradation code signal by a mult-value coding section 30b, a characteristic is extracted by a characteristic extracting section 30c and the result is outputted to a collating section 30d. Then the pattern code read from the card 20 is compared and collated with the characteristic extracting information by the collating section 30d so as to discriminate whether or not the possessor of the card 20 is a correct possessor. Thus, the memory of the pass word by the card possessor is not required and the card forgery is prevented.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention provides personal identification (verification) using a more advanced recognition method.
It is related to a system that performs.

[Conventional technology]

Currently, recognition cards with magnetic stripes (hereinafter abbreviated as M/S cards) are widely used as a method for identifying a specific individual.

For example, a card used in a bank deposit/withdrawal machine (hereinafter referred to as a deposit card) has a code necessary to identify the authenticity of the card and a code to confirm that the bearer of the card is correctly registered on the card. A password code for identifying the person is stored. That is, the withdrawal machine is
The code on the inserted card is read, and the card is determined to be genuine. At the same time, the bearer is asked to key in the PIN code, and the PIN code is compared with the PIN code read from the card. determine that the person is the person in question. In this method, the PIN code is a relatively simple combination of numbers or letters so that the person in question can memorize it.

The above-mentioned method is widely used because identification is relatively simple and easy.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, this method has some drawbacks. First of all, the PIN code used to identify the person in question relies on a person's memory. This causes errors and forgetting of codes, and it is difficult to create complex codes to reduce this.

On the one hand, this reduces the security of the pin code against crime. Furthermore, if the PIN code were to be complicated beyond the human memory capacity, and if it were to be recorded (e.g. a seal certificate, etc.), it would not only be a hassle to bring it with you, but it would also be at risk of being lost or stolen. , no improvement in safety can be expected.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a personal identification system that does not require a card holder to memorize a personal identification code and also makes it impossible to forge a card.

[Means for solving problems]

The personal identification system according to the present invention uses a fingerprint as the card's PIN code, and compares the fingerprint of the card holder read by a card reader with the fingerprint stored on the card to confirm that the card holder is legitimately holding the card. It is designed to determine whether the person is a person or not.

[Effect]

In this invention, since the fingerprint as the PIN code is stored on the card, it becomes unnecessary for the card holder to memorize the PIN code, and it becomes impossible to forge the card.

〔Example〕

The present invention proposes a personal identification system that uses a fingerprint as a password.

As is well known, fingerprints are something humans are born with, and each person has a unique pattern, making them the most suitable as a personal identification code.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. An example in which an IC card is used as a card in which a fingerprint is stored will be explained. An IC card is a card with a built-in memory IC, CPU, and other semiconductor chips, and has a storage capacity several orders of magnitude higher than that of an M/S card. In addition to this, it can also be provided with arbitrary calculation functions such as feature extraction and matching functions.

FIG. 1 shows a functional block diagram of a personal identification system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 20 is an IC card in which the fingerprint of the card holder is registered as personal information. Features such as the depth of the fingerprint at one interval are extracted and stored. 30 is the above IC card 2
0 is inserted into the reader 30, and in the reader 30, 3Qa is a CCD camera or I
A TV camera, 30b is a multi-value encoding unit that converts information read by the camera 30a into a multi-value code, and 30c is the above-mentioned IC.
Depth of fingerprint stored on card 20.

A feature extraction unit 30d extracts features similar to information such as intervals from the output of the multi-value coding unit 30b.
This is a collation unit that collates the output of 0c and the information read from the IC card 20. In this way, the feature extraction unit 30
c and the verification section 30d constitute a determining means 30e for determining whether the bearer of the card 20 is the legitimate holder of the card 20 or not.

In this way, the reader 30 is used to (1) read the pattern code registered on the IC card in order to identify whether the person holding the IC card is the person in question, that is, the legal holder of the card; Interface function (not shown) (2) Function to read the fingerprint of a certain fingertip of the card bearer (
(corresponds to the CCD camera or ITV camera 30a and the multi-value coding unit 30b) (3) has a matching function (corresponds to the feature extraction unit 30c and the matching unit 30d) to compare them and identify whether they are the same pattern. There is. Providing each of these functions can be achieved extremely easily using known methods.

Here, fingerprint information is registered in the IC card 20 as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the fingerprint of a certain predetermined finger is photographed, and the information of the collected fingerprint 1 obtained by the photographing is photoelectrically converted, or the fingerprint is directly captured by a CCD camera or an ITV camera 10. Then, it is multivalued encoded.Using a 6- to 8-bit gradation code, features are extracted and encoded using a well-known data compression method.

As a result, the pattern is converted into an electrical signal, and this pattern code is stored in the memory (ROM) of the IC card 20.

Regarding the memory capacity required for this, in general, a raw fingerprint requires approximately 64 bytes, but by extracting features such as the depth of one fingerprint, it is sufficient to reduce the memory capacity to approximately IK bytes or less. Yes, the remaining capacity can be used to store the card's code number, etc. Note that the blocks indicated by double squares in FIG. 2 indicate information registered in the IC card 20. The same applies to FIG. 4, which will be described later.

Next, the operation will be explained.

When the card holder inserts the IC card 20 with the pattern code registered as personal information into the reader 30 and places a specific finger on the fingerprint collection window, the CCD camera or ITV
The camera 30a captures an image of the cardholder's fingerprint (verification information). The image signal is encoded by the multi-level encoding unit 30b.
This is converted into a gradation code signal by the feature extractor 30c.
The features are extracted and output to the verification section 30d, where the pattern code read from the IC card 20 is compared and verified with the above feature extraction information to determine whether the bearer of the card is a legitimate holder. It is determined whether or not.

In the device of this embodiment, since a fingerprint is used as the password code, there is no need to memorize a password code such as a number as in the past, and the device is very convenient in actual use. Furthermore, it is impossible to forge a card, and an extremely safe password system can be realized.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which a fingerprint feature extraction function and a verification function (discrimination means) are built into the IC card 20.

In the figure, the same symbols as in Figure 1 indicate the same things, and 2
0d is a discrimination means 20d consisting of a feature extraction section 20a and a collation section 20b, and as described above, this discrimination means 20d is provided in the IC card 20 in this embodiment. The reader 30 is composed only of a CCD camera or ITV camera 30a and a multi-value encoding section 30b. Note that 20C is a memory that stores the fingerprint pattern code.

In this embodiment, in addition to registering the fingerprint information 1 in the IC card 20, as shown in FIG.
° information is also registered, and the feature extraction unit 2 in the IC card 20
0α and the collation unit 20b, these two programs 2
This is realized by 0a' and 20b°. Both programs 20a' and 20b' can be stored in the remaining capacity after storing the pattern code.

The operation of this embodiment is similar to that shown in FIG. Therefore, the reader 30 is small and inexpensive, and a portable fingerprint verification system can be realized.

In each of the above embodiments, an IC card is used as the card, but a laser card that can be read and written by a laser may also be used.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the personal identification system of the present invention, a fingerprint is used as a PIN code, and the cardholder's fingerprint read by the camera of the reader is compared with the fingerprint stored on the card to identify the cardholder. Since it is determined whether or not the holder is a legitimate holder, the drawbacks of the password system that relies on human memory are eliminated, and an extremely safe password system that cannot be forged can be easily realized.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a personal identification system according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a fingerprint registration method in the system, and FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of a personal identification system according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the identification system, and is a diagram showing information stored during fingerprint registration in the system. In the figure, 20 is an IC card, 30 is a reader, 30
a is a CCD camera or an ITV camera, 30b is a multi-value coding section, 30c is a feature extraction section, 30d is a matching section, 20a
20b is a feature extraction unit, 20b is a collation unit, 20c is a memory in which a pattern code is stored, and 30e and 20d are discrimination means.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A personal identification system that determines whether a card bearer is a legitimate card holder. A card reading device that reads a fingerprint compares the fingerprint stored on the card or the card reading device with the fingerprint of the card holder read by the card reading device to verify that the card holder is legitimate. 1. A personal identification system comprising: a determination means for determining whether or not a card holder is a card holder.