JPS61182022A - Transparent body having light conditioning function - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable of conditioning an amount of a light, thereby getting the no-dazzling light into a room by arranging a solid electrochromic element capable of changing the transmittance of the light due to the change of a driving voltage on a spherical surface of the transparent body. CONSTITUTION:The transparent 10 having the function of conditioning the light is constituted from the solid electrochromic element 2 directly attached on the upper inside surface of front glass 1a, and the front glass 1a. The solid electrochromic element 2 is constituted by laminating an electrode 3a directly laminated on the front glass 1a, an oxidized coloring layer 4 laminated on an upper surface of the electrode 3a, an ion donator layer 5 laminated on the layer 4, a reducing coloring layer 6 and an electrode 3b similarly laminated in order. The leading lines 11a and 11b are connected to the electrodes 3a and 3b respectively in such way that the electrocurrent flows from the driven electric source 12. The electrodes 3a, 3b are composed of the transparent conductive film. Concretely, said electrodes are composed of ITO which is a mixture of the metal oxides of In2O3 and SnO2 in the wt. ratio of 95:5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Object of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a transparent body with a dimming function used in fields that require dimming, such as windows of vehicles and aircraft.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, while driving a car, a driver operates a sun visor attached above the windshield of the car to avoid glare from the sun's rays. Similarly, a colored film may be attached to the top of the windshield to avoid glare.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the conventional technology, the operation of raising and lowering the sun visor is quite cumbersome, and when the sun visor is lowered to the upper front of the windshield, the windshield is partially shielded. However, there was a problem in that drivers felt oppressed by the sun visor.

In addition, the colored film darkens the driver's cab when there is no need to prevent glare, and there is a problem in that the driver's cab lacks a sense of openness.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a transparent body that can be dimmed without requiring troublesome operations.

Structure of the Invention (Means for Solving Problems) The present invention provides a transparent body with a dimming function, which is formed by providing a planar transparent body with a solid-state electrochromic element whose light transmittance changes according to changes in voltage. This is an attempt to solve the above problems.

(Function) When the transparent body with a dimming function of the present invention is applied to a window such as a windshield of an automobile, the light transmittance of the window etc. becomes possible to adjust.

(Example) Next, a first example in which the present invention is embodied in an automobile windshield will be described based on FIGS. 1, 2, and 5.

As shown in FIG. 1, the transparent body 10 with a dimming function of this embodiment is composed of a windshield 1a and a solid electrochromic element 2 directly attached to the inner surface of the upper part of the windshield 1a.

As shown in FIG. 2, the solid electrochromic element 2 includes an electrode 3a laminated directly on the windshield 1a, an oxidized color forming layer 4 laminated on the upper surface of the electrode 3a, and an ion donor layer laminated in the same manner in sequence. It is composed of a layer 5, a reduction coloring layer 6, and an electrode 3b. Lead wires 11a and 11b are connected to the electrodes 3a and 3b, respectively, so that current flows from a drive power source 12.

In this embodiment, the electrodes 3a and 3b are made of transparent conductive films, specifically, I nz 03 vs. 5 nOz is 9
I is a mixture of metal oxides in a weight ratio of 5:5.
TO is used. Further, as the oxidized coloring layer 4, N
iOx is used, Ta2es is used as the ion donor layer 5, and WO3 is used as the reduction coloring layer 6.

Electrode 3a, oxidation coloring layer 4, ion donor layer 5, reduction coloring layer 6 and electrode 3 of the solid electrochromic device 2
Each layer b is laminated and formed on the windshield 1a using an apparatus as shown in FIG. 5 according to the following procedure.

1) Cleaning the windshield 1a The windshield 1ζ1 made of soda glass is ultrasonically cleaned in a neutral detergent solution, rinsed with distilled water, and air-dried in a clean atmosphere.

2) Formation of the solid electrochromic element 2 (1) Formation of the electrode 3a The part where the solid electrochromic cable 2 is attached to the holder 22 installed above in the ion blating device 21 as shown in FIG. The exposed windshield 1a is placed on the windshield 1a so that it can be heated by the heater 26.

Next, the I
A tablet of TO is placed, and the tablet is irradiated with an electron beam B emitted from an electron beam gun 24 to vaporize the ITO.

A one-frequency coil 2 provided above the crucible 23
ITO vaporized by glow discharge of ioow power from 5
ionizes.

At this time, the pressure inside the ion blating device 21 is reduced to 10 Torr by the exhaust pipe 27, and argon gas and oxygen gas are supplied from the inert gas supply pipe 28, and the partial pressure of the oxygen gas is adjusted to 5 x 10 Torr. ing.

(2) Formation of oxidized coloring layer 4 In the ion blating device 21, an oxidized coloring layer 4 is further laminated on the surface of the electrode 3a formed on the upper surface of the windshield 1a.

This layer formation is carried out in the same manner as the method used to form the electrode 3a, so that the oxidized coloring layer 4 of NiO2 is layered from a single Ni tablet.

However, for the formation of the oxidized coloring layer 4, the heating temperature of the windshield 1a is set to 30"C1, and the partial pressure of oxygen gas is set to 1Xl0-3T.
orr, and the ionization power was set to 300W.

Note that the oxidized color forming layer 4 can be formed in the same manner as described above even if a NiO tablet is used, but in this case, the windshield 1a is heated to 200°C and the partial pressure of argon gas is set to lX10''-'Torr. It will be implemented as follows.

(3) Formation of ion donor layer 5 Subsequently, the ion donor layer 5 is formed on the upper surface of the oxidized coloring layer 4 using Ta2O,r tablets as a raw material.

At this point, the temperature of the windshield 1a is 300°C, and the pressure of oxygen gas and argon gas is 5x'lOTor.
Ion blating is performed under conditions where the temperature is r and the ionization power is 300W.

(5) Formation of reduction coloring layer 6 Heat the windshield 1a at 200°C and use WO2 tablet] as material until the partial pressure of argon gas is 1xlOT.
The reduction coloring layer 6 is formed on the upper surface of the ion donor layer 5 under the conditions of orr.
is formed.

(6) Formation of electrode 3b Under the same conditions as electrode 3a, I
The TO electrode 3b is formed.

Then, a lead wire 11b is attached to the electrode 3b.

The thickness of each element constituting the solid electrochromic device 2 thus obtained was as shown in the following table.

(The rest of this page is blank) A voltage was applied between the electrodes 3a and 3b of the solid electrochromic device 2 constructed as described above, and the applied driving voltage was adjusted to 1.4 .

As a result, an oxidation/reduction reaction is induced in the oxidation coloring layer 4 and the reduction coloring layer 6, and after a few seconds, the color and light transmittance of these two layers 4 and 6 change, and the solid electrochromic element 2 itself changes as a whole. colored gray as Moreover, when the driving voltage was reversed, the color disappeared and returned to the original color.

When the windshield 1a obtained in this way is attached to a car and the driving voltage applied between the electrodes 3a and 3b is adjusted, the amount of coloring of the solid electrochromic cord 2 is reversibly changed. This brings about the effect that it becomes possible to adjust the amount of light that passes through the windshield 1a in the portion where the solid electrochromic element 2 is attached and enters the driver's cab.

Therefore, no dazzling light enters the driver's cab, and furthermore, a part of the windshield 1a is not blocked, and
Drivers are freed from the complication of operating sun visors as in the past.

Next, the second embodiment embodying the present invention in another aspect will be described in the third embodiment.
This will be explained based on the diagram. In this embodiment, a solid electrochromic element 2 is formed on a transparent film 13 using plate glass as the planar transparent body 1, and is attached to the planar transparent body 1.

Therefore, the structure of the solid electrochromic element 2 itself is the same as that of the first embodiment. Note that the transparent film 13. is made of polyethylene terephthalate and has an adhesive applied to one side.

The transparent body 10 with a dimming function configured in this manner also exhibits the same functions and effects as those of the first embodiment.

Furthermore, a third embodiment will be described based on FIG. 4. In this example, two sheets of glass are used as the planar transparent body 1,
A solid electrochromic element 2 is interposed between these two planar transparent bodies 1.1, and a flexible resin layer 14 is provided between the surface of the solid electrochromic element 2 and one of the planar transparent bodies 1. It is something that Note that polyvinylbutyral is used as the flexible resin 14.

This transparent body 10 with a dimming function also exhibits the functions and effects exhibited in the first embodiment, but there is a flexible resin layer between the planar transparent body 1 and the solid electrochromic element 2. 14 is provided, the resin layer 14 acts as a buffer material for the planar transparent body 1 and the solid electrochromic device 2, and facilitates the assembly of the planar transparent body 1 and the solid electrochromic device 2. In addition to writing
When the planar transparent body 1 receives an impact, the impact is alleviated,
In turn, it acts to prevent them from scattering.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but can be arbitrarily implemented, for example, in the following embodiments.

(1) In addition to glass, organic glass such as polymethyl methacrylate can also be used as the planar transparent body 1. However, when using organic glass, the electrochromic element 2 is formed at a low temperature below its deformation temperature.

Further, the planar transparent body 1 may be placed on either side of the electrodes 3a and 3b.

(2) At least one of the electrodes 3a and 3b is made of a transparent conductive film, and the other electrodes may be slightly colored as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. 1. Materials constituting the electrode other than those in the above embodiments. :In
Z03, SnO2 or Au etc. are used.

(3) The oxidized coloring layer 4 includes cr2o3, Ir(0)-1)z, and IrQ in addition to those in the above embodiments.

N i (OH); c , N io, Ni, Rh (OH
)x, Rho, RLJ(OH)2: etc. are used.

(4) The ion donor layer 5 can be arbitrarily selected as long as it allows ions to pass through but not electrons.
F2, CaF2, ZrO2, A I203, Y2O3
, Na-β-A-lumina, L i3 N (L I ), and the like.

(5) As the reduction coloring layer 6, T i 02 , MOO3, Nb2O, 5-1 is used in addition to those in the above embodiments. The stacking position of the reduction coloring layer 6 disclosed in each of the above embodiments may be changed from the stacking position of the oxidation coloring layer 4.

(6) The electrodes 3a and the like on the planar transparent body 1 can be formed by -bis by a vacuum evaporation method, a sputtering method, etc. in addition to the ion blating method.

(7) The transparent body 10 with a light control function of the present invention is used for transparent bodies that require light control, and is particularly suitable for windows, for example.
It is widely applied to automobile windshields, other side windows, rear windows, vehicles such as airplanes and trains, and windows of buildings.

In addition, the solid-state electrochromic element 2 can be of a manual drive type, in which the drive voltage can be directly and artificially changed, or an automatic drive type, in which the drive voltage is controlled in conjunction with optical sensors appropriately installed inside and outside the driver's cabin. It may be configured in any type.

Effects of the Invention The present invention configures a transparent body with a dimming function by providing a solid electrochromic element that can change the light transmittance by changing the driving voltage in a planar transparent body. Once the transparent body is fitted into a window or the like, the light entering through the planar transparent body and the solid-state electrochromic element can be optimally adjusted by simply turning on the power to the solid-state electrochromic element and adjusting the driving voltage. ,
Allows light to enter the interior without dazzling.

Furthermore, when the transparent body with a light control function of the present invention is attached to a window glass or the like, the design of the window can be improved.

Furthermore, when the transparent body with a dimming function is used as a windshield of a car, in addition to the above-mentioned effects, the present invention frees the driver from the cumbersome manual operation of operating a sun visor as in the past. It has the effect of

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a rear view of the windshield as seen from the driver's cab of an automobile, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the invention. The third embodiment is a sectional view,
Figure 5 shows a 2°

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A light control device characterized in that a solid-state electrochromic element (2) whose light transmittance changes according to a change in voltage is provided in at least a portion of a planar transparent body (1). Transparent body with functions. 2. A transparent body with a dimming function according to claim 1, wherein the planar transparent body (1) is glass. 3. The solid-state electrochromic device (2) includes a pair of electrodes (3a) (3b), an oxidized coloring layer (4) and an ion donor layer layered between the electrodes (3a) and (3b). (5) and a reduction coloring layer (6). The transparent body with a dimming function according to claim 1.