JPS6044895B2 - Compound feed for lactating calves - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a compound feed for lactating calves, and its object is to provide a feed that can reduce the mortality rate of calves.

Normally, calves should be provided with mother's milk for one to two weeks after birth.

Of this breast milk, the milk secreted for 4 to 5 days after delivery is called colostrum, which contains various components necessary for the growth of the calf, such as substances transferred from the mother's body, and is nutritionally balanced. It is essential for the development of calves.
In recent years, calves are often shipped before they have had enough colostrum to meet the demand for calves. This type of calf is made mainly of skim milk powder, with other ingredients such as starch, soybean flour,
They are raised using milk substitutes containing beef tallow and other ingredients. Such calves not only do not receive sufficient amounts of transferred substances from colostrum, but also have incomplete digestive organs and the ability to secrete digestive enzymes, so many of them develop diarrhea, and eventually die from dehydration. Due to poor growth, animals are often excluded from breeding and disused for economic reasons. This phenomenon becomes more common as the period for feeding colostrum is shortened, and sometimes the mortality rate reaches 15 to 30%, resulting in huge losses for livestock producers. As mentioned above, calves are mainly fed a compound feed consisting of skim milk powder when raising them, but if you try to feed a compound feed that is even slightly nutritionally advantageous to a calf that has not received enough colostrum, it is best to feed it to breast milk. It is possible to give similar whole milk powder. However, when whole milk powder is used as feed, it contains a large amount of oil and fat, which is undesirable because the oil and fat become rancid during storage, and the feed tends to absorb moisture and coagulate, resulting in poor fluidity and difficulty in measuring operations. It also tends to form lumps when dissolved, and feed containing such lumps has poor digestibility and causes retardation of growth.
As a result of the inventors' studies to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks,
By using whole milk powder as the main ingredient and adding digestible protein raw materials and digestible saccharides at a certain ratio, we were able to obtain a feed with good growth performance. The whole milk powder used in the present invention is fresh milk powdered as it is, and the amount used for feed is 40 to 90% of the total milk powder.

If the amount is less than the above range, it is nutritionally insufficient and the effects of the present invention cannot be obtained, and if it is more than the above range, it is not preferable in terms of storage stability or flowability. The protein source of the feed of the present invention may be any feed material containing a large amount of protein that can be digested by calves in the lactation stage, but in particular skim milk powder, milk casein, and milk whey, which contain a large amount of milk protein, are used. is preferable.

The blending amount is preferably 5 to 30% of the total feed. As mentioned above, digestible sugars are those that can be digested by calves, and nutritionally, they are sugars with good fluidity that serve as an energy source.
Specific examples include lactose, glucose, and galactose.

The blending amount is preferably 5 to 30% of the total feed. In addition, vitamins such as ascorbic acid and vitamin E, minerals such as manganese, iron, and copper, enteric bacteria preparations such as Bifidobacterium, and antibiotics such as manganese bacitracin and colistin sulfate can be added to the feed of the present invention.

Regarding vitamins, especially ascorbic acid and vitamin E
By using a large amount of , it is possible to obtain stability over time of the fats and oils in whole milk powder. Furthermore, by adding intestinal bacteria and antibiotics, it is possible to expect pathogen resistance similar to that of colostrum. The compound feed of the present invention is nutritionally rich and well-balanced, so calves grow well, especially those who have not been given enough colostrum or whose digestive ability has decreased due to stress during transportation, etc. Even calves can grow without getting diarrhea or other diseases.

Therefore, the feed of the present invention is fed to calves from 2 to 3 days after birth to around 20 days after birth, but it is particularly effective to feed to calves up to 10 days after separation from the mother cow. Furthermore, this feed has excellent fluidity and stability, so it is easy to handle during feeding and has good storage stability.

Examples are provided below to illustrate the invention.

Example 1 A compound feed for suckling calves was produced according to the following formulation composition.

Whole milk powder 65 (K9) Skim milk powder 15 glucose
18 vitamins and minerals
Example 2 A compound feed for suckling calves was produced according to the following formulation composition.

Whole milk powder 85 (Kg) Milk casein 8β 1
Lactose 5 vitamins and minerals
Example 2 A compound feed for lactating calves was produced according to the following formulation composition.

Whole milk powder 60 (K9) Milk whey 18 Glucose 20 Vitamins, minerals Second, the following test examples are presented to demonstrate the effects of the present invention.

Twenty one-week-old Holstein male calves were placed in each group, and the calves in each group were raised for one week using different breeding methods.

In the case of artificial feeding, 4.8f of feed per head was divided into two portions, and in the feed area of the present invention, the feed of Example 1 dissolved in 7 times the amount of warm water was fed, and The feed is as follows: skim milk powder 60% apricot oil
7.5 Bovine body fat 7.5 Milk whey 9 Starch 7 Soybean flour 7 Vitamins, minerals 2 Feed the feed mainly consisting of skim milk powder with the following composition dissolved in 7 times the volume of warm water. did.

Further, in the reference group (1), the cows were put directly on the mother cows after giving birth for natural rearing, and in the reference group (2), only whole milk powder was dissolved in 7 times the amount of warm water and fed. The results are shown in the table below.
However, the attrition rate in the table is the percentage of the total number of cows that died during the test and those that were removed from breeding and culled due to poor growth due to severe diarrhea. Next, the physical properties of the feed of the present invention will be compared with those of other feeds.

Each feed used in the test is as follows. Invention feed: Feed from Example 1 Conventional feed: Feed with the compounded feed composition used in the conventional group Reference: Feed containing only whole milk powder The results of physical property tests conducted using these feeds are shown in the table below.

24C) Place the sample in an hourglass glass tube with an inlet pore size of TfOfl and the indicated outlet pore size and take the average value of the number of glass tubes into which the sample falls by gravity for 5 tests.

In this case, the smaller the average value, the greater the fluidity. 1
JIS sieve mesh NO. Sample 1 on 9 (2TmIfL)
It is expressed as the percentage of what remains on the sieve when 00g is added and shaken for 1 minute.

Put 45g of the sample into a 9 cwt diameter shear dish and
/Clt, a glass ball with a diameter of 30 gourds was dropped from a height of 10 cm above the shear plate, the glass ball was then removed, and the diameter of the dent made by the glass ball on the sample surface was measured. do.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 40-90% whole milk powder, 5-3 digestible protein ingredients
A compound feed for suckling calves based on a combination of 0% and 5 to 30% of digestible sugars.