JPS6022252B2 - absorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to an absorption refrigerator.

As shown in Fig. 1, the conventional refrigerator of this type has an evaporator 1,
Consisting of a heat exchanger 2, absorber 3, condenser 4, and evaporator 5, cold soot (water) is evaporated in the low-pressure evaporator 5 by taking heat from the cold water 14 flowing through the heat transfer tube 5a. .
This evaporated refrigerant vapor flows into the absorber 3 and is absorbed into a concentrated lithium bromide aqueous solution (hereinafter referred to as a concentrated solution), so that this concentrated solution becomes a diluted solution and the cooling water 15 flowing through the heat transfer tube 3a. This keeps the water vapor pressure of the diluted solution low, making it easier to absorb refrigerant vapor. After the diluted solution flows down by gravity and is stored in the solution tank 11, it is heated by the heat exchanger 2 and forced into the thermosiphon tube 6.

Since this thermosiphon tube 6 is heated with hot water 16, the diluted solution flowing into the tube is boiled and rises in the form of bubbles, and flows into the evaporator 1 where it is heated. For this reason, the diluted solution generates steam and is concentrated, and then flows through the transfer pipe 8 and flows into the heat exchanger 2, where it is precooled by exchanging heat with the diluted solution, and then transferred to the absorber 3 by the dropping device 12. Heat exchanger tube 3
It passes down onto group a. On the other hand, the cold soot vapor evaporated in the generator 1 is separated from the liquid by the separator 7 and then introduced into the condenser 4, where it is cooled by the cooling water 15 flowing through the heat transfer tube 4a and condensed and liquefied. .

This liquid-cooled soot is squeezed by the U-shaped tube 10 (or orifice) and then spread onto the group of heat transfer tubes 5a of the evaporator 5. In absorption refrigerators that use hot water at a relatively low temperature (80 to 9,000 ℃) as a heat source, the highest temperature part in the cycle is low and the temperature difference during heat exchange is small, so the solution is sufficiently cooled before being sprayed into the absorber. This requires a heat exchanger with a large heat transfer area.

On the other hand, in an absorption refrigerator that circulates a solution using a thermal siphon shown in Figure i, the flow resistance in the heat exchanger is large, and it is difficult to circulate the solution sufficiently. required.

However, in general, an increase in the heat transfer area increases the flow resistance of the solution, and if the concentrated solution dropped onto the heat transfer tube group 3a of the absorber 3 is not sufficiently precooled, the dropping device 2 Since self-boiling occurs within the heat exchanger tube 3a, it is difficult to uniformly distribute the heat exchanger tube 3a, so the heat exchanger tube 38 may not fully demonstrate its ability.

The purpose of the present invention is to improve the cooling efficiency of the absorber.The feature is that the solution flowing from the generator to the absorber via the heat exchanger is cooled by the refrigerant liquid produced in the condenser. be.

A precooler for cooling the solution is preferably installed at a position between the heat exchanger and the absorber while the solution is flowing from the generator to the absorber via the heat exchanger.

With this configuration, the solution is cooled before it flows into the absorber, so self-boiling is eliminated when the solution flows into the absorber, and cooling by the heat transfer tubes inside the absorber can be performed efficiently. I can do it. Further, the heat required for cooling the solution is released into the atmosphere through the soot in the condenser and the cooling water in the heat transfer tubes of the condenser. An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Among the symbols shown in FIG. 2, the same symbols as those shown in FIG. 1 indicate the same parts. In Figure 2, 2 is the evaporator, 2 is the heat exchanger, 3 is the absorber, and 8 is the condenser.
A is a pipe connecting the evaporator 1 and the heat exchanger 2, 12 is a liquid dripping device provided at the top of the absorber 3, and 3 is a pipe immersed in liquid cooling soot 17 accumulated at the bottom of the condenser 4. With a crushed yokeki,
One side thereof is connected to the heat exchanger 2 via a pipe 8b, and the other side is connected to the liquid dripping device 12 via a pipe 8c.

Since its structure is the same as that of the subordinate column (Fig. I), the explanation will be omitted. This example was constructed as described above.
The solution flowing through the precooler 13 is the liquid soot 17 inside the condenser 4.
After being cooled to a temperature that saturates or supercools the pressure inside the absorber 3, it is sent to the droplet dropping device 12.

Since the heat transfer between the precooler 13 and the liquid soot 17 is boiling heat transfer, the heat transfer rate is very high. Also, the heat exchange between the boiling soot vapor and the condenser 4 is condensation heat transfer. Because there is
Similar to the above, the heat transfer rate is extremely high. As explained above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, when the flow of cooling water in the condenser heat transfer tube is stopped, the cold soot vapor condenses and heats the precooler, which makes it extremely easy to form scale crystals during solution crystallization. can be done.

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, the solution flowing into the absorber is heated to a temperature at which the refrigerant in the solution does not self-evaporate (temperature at which it becomes saturated or supercooled) when it flows into the absorber. Since it flows into the absorber after being cooled, it prevents self-evaporation of the refrigerant and improves cooling efficiency.

In addition, since the refrigerant liquid in the condenser is used to cool the solution,
The heat required for cooling can be efficiently dissipated outside the refrigerator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional absorption refrigerator, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the absorption refrigerator of the present invention.

1... Generator, 2... Heat exchanger, 3...
・Absorber, 4...Condenser, 13...Preserver, 1
7.....Liquid cooled soot.

mackerel diagram Good 2 figure

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In an absorption refrigerating machine comprising a generator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, and a heat exchanger, and in which these are operatively connected, from the generator to the absorber via the heat exchanger. A precooler is provided at a position between the heat exchanger and the absorber in the solution system path leading to the absorber, for cooling the solution flowing from the generator to the absorber with the refrigerant liquid generated in the condenser. Absorption refrigerator. 2. An absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the precooler is immersed in a refrigerant liquid in a condenser.