JP2000018754A - Absorption heat pump device and its operation method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To further improve heat efficiency. SOLUTION: A liquid surface sensor 46 for detecting the liquid surface of a refrigerant liquid A staying at the bottom is installed in an evaporator 4, and a refrigerant liquid-returning pipe 48 with a pump 47 is connected to the bottom plate of the evaporator 4. The other end of the refrigerant liquid- returning pipe 48 is connected to the downstream side of an open/close valve 51 of a refrigerant liquid return pipe 50 reaching a refrigerant liquid sprinkling means 49 being internally decorated at the upper portion of rectifying equipment 2 from the bottom part of a condenser 3. A heat exchanger 52 is provided halfway to the refrigerant liquid-returning pipe 48 so that a refrigerant liquid A flowing in the refrigerant liquid-returning pipe 48 exchanges heat with a combustion exhaust gas G that is generated by a burner 7 and is guided by an exhaust pipe 53. The pump 47 is constituted so that it is started when the excess of a specific level by the liquid surface of the refrigerant liquid A staying in the evaporator 4 is detected by the liquid surface sensor 46 and stops in a specific amount of time or stops and at the same time uses TFE and NMP as a refrigerant and an absorption liquid, respectively.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an absorption heat pump device used for a heating / cooling machine, a water heater and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this type of absorption heat pump device, for example, one having a structure shown in FIG. 2 has been proposed.

In FIG. 2, an absorption heat pump apparatus denoted by reference numeral 1X heats an absorption liquid C containing a refrigerant A for heat exchange and vaporizes the refrigerant A from the absorption liquid C to form a refrigerant A and an absorption liquid B A condenser 3 for condensing and liquefying the refrigerant vapor A supplied from the rectifier 2, and the refrigerant liquid A supplied from the condenser 3 is supplied to the inside. At the same time, an appropriate heat medium that is forcibly brought into contact with the outer surface, for example, an evaporator 4 that removes latent heat of evaporation from the outside air D to vaporize the refrigerant liquid A, and a refrigerant vapor A supplied from the evaporator 4,
Reactor 2 absorbs refrigerant A by reacting with absorbent B supplied from rectifier 2 to produce absorbent C containing refrigerant A, and circulates absorbent C to rectifier 2. And an absorber 5 to be used.

[0004] The rectifier 2 is an upright cylindrical rectification tower 6.
And a regenerator 8 provided below the rectification tower 6 and provided with a burner 7 for heating the absorbing liquid C containing the refrigerant A and functioning as a heating unit. Absorbing liquid spraying means 9 for spraying the absorbing liquid C into the rectification tower 6
And a filler 10 made of a metal nonwoven fabric or the like interposed between the absorbing liquid spraying means 9 and the regenerator 8. The condenser 3 stores a refrigerant A condensed in the condenser 3. 11 are continuously provided.

[0005] The evaporator 4 is composed of a plurality of heat transfer tubes 12 erected.
An upper header 13 for connecting the upper ends of the heat transfer tubes 12 to each other, a lower header 14 for connecting the lower ends of the heat transfer tubes 12 to each other, and a lengthwise direction of the heat transfer tubes 12. A large number of heat transfer fins 15 are provided at intervals and the heat transfer tubes 12 are fixed in a penetrating state.
Further, the refrigerant liquid tank 11 communicates with the upper end of each heat transfer tube 12 via the refrigerant liquid supply pipe 16, and the upper header 13 communicates with the upper part of the absorber 5 via the communication pipe 17. Further, the lower header 14 communicates with the absorbent tank 19 provided at the lower end of the absorber 5 via the communication pipe 18.

On the other hand, the absorber 5 has an absorbing droplet lowering means 20 to which a communicating pipe 17 connected to the upper header 13 of the evaporator 4 is connected, and an interval below the absorbing droplet lowering means 20. A plurality of heat transfer tubes disposed therein for storing the absorbing liquid B that has absorbed the refrigerant by reacting with the refrigerant vapor A, that is, the absorbing liquid C, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes communicating the absorbing liquid dropping means 20 with the absorbing liquid tank 19; And an exterior body 2 provided around the heat transfer tubes 21 and forming a cooling water flow path 22 between the absorbing liquid dropping means 20 and the absorbing liquid tank 19.
The evaporator 4 is configured to suck the vaporized refrigerant A in the heat transfer tube 12 of the evaporator 4 by lowering its internal pressure.

[0007] Absorbing liquid dropping means 20 is connected to an absorbing liquid supply pipe 24 for supplying the absorbing liquid B concentrated in the regenerator 8 at an upper portion thereof. A dispersing plate 25 arranged so as to be divided is mounted, a heat transfer tube 21 is fixed below the dispersing plate 25, and the absorbing droplet lowering means 20 and the cooling water flow path 22 are separated from each other. A communication pipe 17 is connected between the partition 26 and the dispersion plate 25, and the vaporized refrigerant A is sent from the evaporator 4 through the communication pipe 17.

Further, the absorbing liquid tank 19 communicates with the absorbing liquid dispersing means 9 of the rectifier 2 via an absorbing liquid returning pipe 27. An absorption liquid circulation pump 28 for sending the absorption liquid C stored in the storage device to the absorption liquid spraying means 9 is provided.

The upper end of the outer package 23 of the absorber 5 and the condenser 3
A cooling water pipe 29 is provided between the condenser 3 and the lower end of the exterior body 23 of the absorber 5 to provide communication between them. The outer body 23, the cooling water pipe 29,
A closed circuit for cooling water circulation is formed by the condenser 3 and the cooling water pipe 30, and an indoor unit 31 for heating and a cooling water circulation pump 32 for circulating the cooling water E are provided in the middle of the cooling water pipe 30. Is provided.

Reference numeral 33 denotes a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the absorption liquids flowing through the absorption liquid supply pipe 24 and the absorption liquid return pipe 27, respectively, and reference numeral 34 denotes an evaporator 4.
Shows a blower fan for supplying outside air D to
Reference numeral 35 denotes a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the cooling water E supplied to the absorber 5 and the absorbing liquid B supplied to the absorbing liquid dropping means 20.

In the absorption heat pump apparatus 1X thus configured, the refrigerant liquid A supplied from the refrigerant liquid tank 11 flows down along the inner wall surface of each heat transfer tube 12, while the heat transfer fins 15 and the heat transfer tubes 12 When the outside air D supplied by the blower fan 34 comes into contact with the surface of the heat transfer pipe, heat exchange is performed between the outside air D and the refrigerant liquid A flowing down the inner wall surface of the heat transfer tube 12, and the refrigerant liquid A is The vaporized latent heat of vaporization is taken away and vaporized, and the refrigerant vapor A thus generated moves upward in each heat transfer tube 12 and is collected by the upper header 13 provided at the upper end of the heat transfer tube 12, and absorbed by the absorber. 5
Flows into.

The refrigerant vapor A flowing into the absorber 5 comes into contact with the absorption liquid B supplied from the regenerator 8 and is absorbed by the absorption liquid B, and the absorption liquid C having absorbed the refrigerant A passes through the heat transfer tube 21 and passes downward. Is collected in the absorption liquid tank 19, and the absorption liquid C
Is transported to the rectifier 2 by the absorbent circulation pump 28,
It is sprayed into the rectification tower 6 from the absorbing liquid spraying means 9.

The absorbing liquid C sent to the rectifying tower 6 is heated by the combustion heat generated by the burner 7 while flowing down through the space between the fillers 10 to vaporize and separate the absorbed refrigerant A, Absorbent B accumulates in regenerator 8.

The refrigerant vapor A separated and generated in the rectifier 2 exchanges heat with the cooling water E when passing through the condenser 3 to radiate heat to the cooling water E, and when passing through the absorber 5. When the refrigerant A evaporates, the heat absorbed from the outside air D is transferred to the cooling water E.

That is, the cooling water E is supplied to the absorber 5 and
It is gradually heated while circulating to the condenser 3 and then sent to the indoor unit 31 for heating.

In such an absorption heat pump apparatus 1X, the heat energy of the outside air D is absorbed to assist the heating of the cooling water E, and the amount of heat radiation from the indoor unit 31 with respect to the heat generation of the burner 7 is reduced. 1.3 times or more can be achieved.

[0017]

As described above, in the conventional absorption type heat pump apparatus, the bottom of the evaporator 4 and the absorption liquid tank 19 of the absorber 5 are communicated by the communication pipe 18 so that the heat transfer pipe is connected. The refrigerant liquid that could not be completely evaporated while flowing down 12 flows into the absorption liquid tank 19 as a drain,
It is mixed with the absorbing liquid and absorbed by the absorbing liquid, and then transported to the rectifier 2 where it is heated and separated into the refrigerant and the absorbing liquid.

That is, in the conventional absorption type heat pump device, the refrigerant liquid accumulated at the bottom of the evaporator (the refrigerant having a low evaporation temperature is preferentially vaporized, so that the absorption liquid is actually a few%).
(Conventionally referred to as refrigerant liquid) is mixed with the absorption liquid, absorbed into the absorption liquid, and then heated and separated into the refrigerant and the absorption liquid. And this was a problem to be solved.

[0019]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a rectifier provided with a heating unit for heating an absorbing liquid to vaporize and separate a refrigerant contained in the absorbing liquid,
A condenser that liquefies the refrigerant vapor supplied from the rectifier by heat exchange with the first heat medium, and heat-exchanges with the second heat medium while lowering the refrigerant liquid supplied from the condenser. The evaporator that evaporates, the refrigerant vapor supplied from the evaporator reacts with the absorbing liquid supplied from the rectifier to cause the absorbing liquid to absorb the refrigerant, and the absorbing liquid absorbing the refrigerant to the rectifier. In the absorption heat pump device having an absorber returning to the refrigerant, a refrigerant liquid return pipe extending from the lower part of the evaporator to the upper part of the rectifier is provided, and a pump is provided in the refrigerant liquid return pipe, and the alcohol-based fluid is supplied to the refrigerant. An absorption heat pump device having a first configuration adapted to be used;

In the absorption heat pump device of the first configuration, a heat exchanger for performing heat exchange with an appropriate fluid having a higher temperature than the refrigerant liquid flowing through the refrigerant liquid return pipe is provided in the middle of the refrigerant liquid return pipe. An absorption heat pump device having a first configuration,

In the absorption heat pump device of the first or second configuration, the pump provided in the refrigerant liquid return pipe is operated based on the amount of the refrigerant liquid accumulated at the bottom of the evaporator. Driving method.

[0022]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIG. For easy understanding, the same reference numerals in FIG. 1 denote portions having the same functions as those described in FIG.

The absorption heat pump apparatus 1 of the present invention has a fluid whose boiling point is much lower than that of water used as a refrigerant when an aqueous solution of lithium bromide is used as an absorbing liquid, for example, a boiling point of 7%.
2,2,2-trifluoroethanol at 4.5 ° C. (T
FE) or the like is used as the refrigerant, and the absorption liquid has a boiling point of, for example, 20
It uses N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) at 4 ° C.

In the absorption heat pump apparatus 1 in this case, a cooling water tank 41 is provided in the cooling water pipe 30.

In this case, the absorption heat pump device 1 is of a type in which the evaporator 4 has a large number of heat transfer tubes 12 built therein, and the water F stored in the cold water tank 42 inside these heat transfer tubes 12 is cooled by cold water. The refrigerant liquid A is circulated and supplied through the pipe 43, and the refrigerant liquid A condensed by the condenser 3 and stored in the refrigerant liquid tank 11 is supplied to the upper outside of the heat transfer pipe 12. The refrigerant liquid A travels along the outer surface of the heat transfer pipe 12. When flowing down, the heat is taken from the water F flowing in the pipe and vaporized. Reference numerals 44 and 45 are a chilled water circulation pump and an on-off valve provided in the chilled water pipe 43, respectively.

The evaporator 4 is provided with a liquid level sensor 46 for detecting the liquid level of the refrigerant liquid A collected at the bottom, and a refrigerant liquid return pipe 48 provided with a pump 47 is provided on the bottom plate of the evaporator 4. Is connected.

The other end of the refrigerant liquid return pipe 48 is connected to the condenser 3
Is connected to the refrigerant liquid return pipe 50 downstream of the on-off valve 51 from the bottom of the rectifier 2 to the refrigerant liquid spraying means 49 provided inside the rectifier 2. Reference numeral 52 denotes a heat exchanger provided in the middle of the refrigerant liquid return pipe 48, the refrigerant liquid A flowing in the refrigerant liquid return pipe 48, and the combustion exhaust gas generated by the burner 7 and guided by the exhaust gas pipe 53. G can exchange heat.

Pump 47 provided in refrigerant liquid return pipe 48
Starts when the liquid level of the refrigerant liquid A accumulated in the evaporator 4 exceeds a predetermined level, and is stopped after a predetermined time, or when the liquid level sensor 46 The system is configured to stop when a level lower than the low level is detected.

Therefore, the refrigerant liquid A containing several% of the absorbing liquid collected at the bottom of the evaporator 4 is returned directly to the upper part of the rectifier 2,
Since it is vaporized by heating by the burner 7, the absorber 5
As compared with the conventional apparatus in which the liquid is poured as a drain and mixed with the absorbing liquid B, the generation ratio of the refrigerant vapor A is easily increased and the thermal efficiency is increased.

In addition, the refrigerant liquid A returned from the evaporator 4 to the rectifier 2 through the refrigerant liquid return pipe 48 exchanges heat with the high-temperature combustion exhaust gas discharged from the burner 7 in the heat exchanger 52 to be cooled. , After flowing into the rectifier 2, the thermal efficiency can be further improved.

In the absorption heat pump apparatus 1 having the above structure, for example, if the indoor unit 31 shown in FIG. 2 is installed in the cooling water tank 41, the inside of the absorber 5 and the condenser 3 is cooled, The cooling water E whose temperature has been increased is supplied to the cooling water pipe 29,
Since the air is circulated and supplied to the indoor unit 31 through the indoor unit 30, a heating action is performed in the indoor unit 31.

On the other hand, if the indoor unit 31 shown in FIG.
Is vaporized and radiated, and the water F whose temperature has been lowered is circulated and supplied to the indoor unit 31 through the cold water pipe 43, so that the indoor unit 31 performs a cooling action.

Since the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the claims.

For example, the pump 47 provided in the refrigerant liquid return pipe 47 may be configured to control the rotation speed based on the liquid level of the refrigerant liquid A detected by the liquid level sensor 46.

The heat source fluid supplied to the heat exchanger 52 for heating the refrigerant liquid A returned to the rectifier 2 via the refrigerant liquid return pipe 48 is other than the exhaust gas discharged from the burner 7, for example. Another heat medium having a higher temperature than the drain refrigerant, for example, outside air, other exhaust heat, or groundwater may be used.

The filler 10 to be filled in the rectifying tower 6 may be a stainless steel wire net or a thin wire rod.

Further, in the absorption heat pump device 1 of the present invention, a fluorinated alcohol-based fluid having a boiling point of 120 ° C. or less can be used as a refrigerant, and the absorption liquid may be ethers, esters, polyols, amides, amines or the like. Kind,
Imides, ketones, aldehydes, nitriles and the like can be used.

[0038]

As described above, according to the present invention, the purity of the refrigerant vapor generated in the rectifier and supplied to the condenser can be easily increased as compared with the prior art, and the thermal efficiency can be improved. There is a feature that is said to be done.

In the device according to the second aspect, there is a further advantage in improving the thermal efficiency.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1.1X Absorption type heat pump apparatus 2 Rectifier 3 Condenser 4 Evaporator 5 Absorber 6 Rectification tower 7 Burner 8 Regenerator 9 Absorbing liquid spraying means 10 Filler 11 Refrigerant liquid tank 12 Heat transfer tube 13 Upper header 14 Lower header REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 15 heat transfer fins 16 refrigerant liquid supply pipes 17 and 18 communication pipes 19 absorption liquid tank 20 absorption liquid dropping means 21 heat transfer pipes 22 cooling water passages 23 exterior body 24 absorption liquid supply pipes 25 dispersion plates 26 partition walls 27 absorption liquid return pipes 28 absorption Liquid circulation pump 29/30 Cooling water pipe 31 Indoor unit 32 Cooling water circulation pump 33 Heat exchanger 34 Blower fan 35 Heat exchanger 41 Cooling water tank 42 Cold water tank 43 Cold water pipe 44 Cold water circulation pump 45 Open / close valve 45 Flow control valve 46 Liquid level Sensor 47 Pump 48 Refrigerant liquid return pipe 49 Refrigerant liquid dispersing means 50 Refrigerant liquid return pipe 51 Open / close valve 52 Heat exchanger 53 Exhaust gas pipe

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Toshio Kubo 2-5-5 Keihanhondori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka F-term in Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (Reference) 3L093 AA01 BB01 BB22 BB29 BB37 CC00 DD08 DD09 EE21 GG04 HH08 HH15 JJ06 KK01 KK03 LL01

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A rectifier provided with a heating unit for heating an absorption liquid to vaporize and separate a refrigerant contained in the absorption liquid, and a refrigerant vapor supplied from the rectifier to a first heat medium. A condenser that liquefies by exchanging heat, an evaporator that evaporates by exchanging heat with the second heat medium while lowering the refrigerant liquid supplied from the condenser, and a refrigerant vapor that is supplied from this evaporator In the absorption heat pump device, which has an absorber that reacts with the absorbing liquid supplied from the reservoir to cause the absorbing liquid to absorb the refrigerant and returns the absorbing liquid that has absorbed the refrigerant to the rectifier, An absorption heat pump device comprising: a refrigerant liquid return pipe extending from a lower part to an upper part of a rectifier; and a pump provided in the refrigerant liquid return pipe, wherein an alcohol-based fluid is used as a refrigerant. 2. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein heat is exchanged in the middle of the refrigerant liquid return pipe with an appropriate fluid having a higher temperature than the refrigerant liquid flowing through the refrigerant liquid return pipe. An absorption heat pump device comprising: 3. The absorption heat pump device according to claim 1, wherein a pump provided in the refrigerant liquid return pipe is operated based on an amount of the refrigerant liquid accumulated at a bottom of the evaporator. How to operate the heat pump device.