JPS59502105A - Coal-water dispersion - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Coal-water dispersion The present invention is made of finely ground fossilized coal dispersed in a liquid and has a very long shelf life. and relating to liquid fuels suitable for transportation and energy production. More specifically , the present invention uses water and pulverized coal (coal content is at least 60 parts by weight). ) and an additive.

Coal dispersion is extremely less polluting than solid coal, and is also easier to handle. and certain risks during transportation and storage are also eliminated. The above dispersion is This is also preferable from an economical point of view.

The reason for using coal dispersions is in large and small plants for electricity and heat production. The plan is to increase the use of coal as a basic energy source in a planned manner. Ru. In this respect, solid coal is difficult to handle for various reasons, and therefore coal Conversion of into liquid form is generally considered an interesting method. Coal to liquid product The chemical conversion of oil, so-called liquefaction, is still not comparable to that of oil. And this method The earliest it will be possible to contribute to the global energy supply is just before the year 2000. It is thought that The chemical conversion of coal into gaseous products, so-called vaporization, is This appears to be a desirable use of coal. However, this method also requires technical development. Despite spending a large amount of resources, it still involves considerable technical difficulties. Ru.

Physical conversion is another method of converting coal into liquid form, and the present invention is directed to this method. It is about law. This may consist of water alone or certain organic fuels, e.g. Can consist of water combined with hot oil (heating oil), methanol etc. It is carried out by dispersing it in a liquid.

The present invention relates primarily to dispersions of pulverized coal in water.

One of the problems with producing coal-water fuels is that the surface structure of the coal is often Additives make dispersion of coal particles even more difficult during non-extraction processing steps. be.

When stabilizing a coal-water dispersion, which is thermodynamically unstable by definition, , in the application of the present invention, by creating a force that opposes the particle attraction, Decrease sedimentation and flocculation rates. This repulsion effect is achieved through three main principles: Thing 75: I can do it.

That is, electrostatic stabilization, steric stabilization, and stabilization due to water utilization. This cheap Stabilization changes the energy of the particles and (also) creates a high barrier that prevents particle attraction. generate. Based on these principles, water can be reduced by adding small amounts of organic additives. High content of coal particles can be stabilized in solution.

In order to generate new colloidal systems, interparticle attractions are minimized and flocchylation is imparting properties to the system that develop a repellent barrier against turbulence and subsequent sedimentation. It is necessary to Some forms of steric stabilization with hydrophilic polymers include coal-water dispersions. Some provide favorable conditions for long-term stabilization of

Coal-water fuel production processes often involve the removal of inorganic components by some method.

First, the coal is ground in one or more mills into a polydisperse particle size distribution. . The total particles are smaller than about 300 microns, and about 35 percent of the total amount is smaller than 40 microns.

When producing the coal-water fuel according to the present invention, the main steps involved are: flotation enrichment, which leads to selective hydrophobization and charging. The coal and foreign substances are separated from each other. For this purpose, a combination of aliphatic alcohol and a blowing agent is used. Various drugs are used, generally consisting of mixtures. Other agents suitable for coal flotation are: Water-insoluble oils with blowing agents and zwitterionic surfactants and trace amounts of alkyl sulphurs It is a mixture of foscunate.

4 After the flotation step, the coal is dewatered mechanically, for example by means of a rotating vacuum filter. stone The use of surface-active substances in the dehydration of charcoal has been studied in the laboratory and by The study was conducted on a pilot scale. The inventors have identified two types of surfaces that improve the degree of dehydration. It has been found that activators exist.

1) Surfactants that change the surface tension of water.

2) Substances with hydrophobizing properties.

Among the first major types of surfactants, anionic surfactants are the best. I understand. Examples of surfactants that can be used include alkylaryl There are sulfonates and alkyl sulfosuccinates.

In the final processing stages of producing coal-water fuels, dispersants and optionally stabilizers are used. Add agent. Some of the known dispersants for pulverized coal in water or oil include , for example, anionic polynaphthalene sulfonates, polycardic acids and non-ionic There are ethylene oxide derivatives.

The total amount of dispersant calculated as a weight percent of the total dispersion depends on the physical properties of the dispersion. It has long been known that it has a completely decisive meaning. Apart from coal, dispersants , is one of the important items used in the production of dispersions.

The inventor also found that different types of coal require different types of dispersants. . Therefore, the present invention provides basic compounds of the same type but with different electric potentials. A method for dispersing coal particles by means of a loaded object is provided. Particularly active dispersion The agent comprises one or more hydrophilic ethylene oxide chains and surrounding hydrophobic aromatic moieties. It is increased in size.

The molecular charge is anionic, cationic, or preferably zwitterionic Can be done. The charge of the molecules changes depending on the surface charge of the coal itself.

Among this type of zwitterionic compounds, zwitterionic alkylaryl ethoxy It is suitable to choose a rate such as sodium nonylphenethoxymethyl tauride. There is. This compound combines the terminal hydroxyl group of nonylphenol ethoxylate and the sulfonyl group. react with sodium methyl tauride and the resulting halide with sodium methyl tauride. It is most easily manufactured by making it.

The overall structural formula of this compound is CXHyAr-〇(C2H40)nCaHbN(cH3)ccHdso3Na expressed.

Other zwitterionic compounds that make excellent dispersion media for certain coals include: It is an ethoxylated quaternary nitrogen sulfate. This type of compound is PC-37 It is commercially available from GAF under the name .

Cationic compounds that can be used according to the invention are mainly pyridine and It is based on Norin. All of them have aromatic ring structures with hydrophobic properties. They have something in common. Pyridine reacts with ether to form alkoxymethylpyridine form a compound. Additionally, these cationic dispersants contain at least 50 ethylene It is characterized by containing an oxide unit.

Among the anionic dispersants, which are relatively expensive and are applied in relatively small quantities, alkaline dispersants are Mention may be made of the salts of ruaryl ethoxylates. This type of anionic compound The material is best suited for hydrophilic coals.

All dispersants according to the invention have a molecular weight of 1,500 It has the above properties and is water soluble.

The invention will now be described by way of illustrative examples.

1) Non-micelle-forming and therefore relatively poorly soluble zwitterionic surfactants, such as resins. The chin or alkyl betaine is emulsified in water to form a liquid crystalline phase.

The emulsion (0.03% by weight of coal) is fed to the grinding step of the fuel preparation process. flotation In the mixing process just before mixing, lecithin, hexadecane and methyl isobutyl ketone are Add a formulation consisting of 1/5/2. Total amount of additives and The composition can be varied depending on the quality of the different coals (from 0.01 to 0.05% by weight). After the flotation step, a small amount of alkyl sulfosuccinate (10 ~50g/ton coal) to improve the degree of dehydration in the filter. filterke The key contains 15 to 22 grams of water.

2) Approximately 909 (22,2%) of the wet refined coal filter cake from the above process , a nonylphenoxy polyethylene oxyethanol amine with a molecular weight of about 5,000. monium salt and homogeneously mixed with the dispersant O425I dissolved in water.

By varying the concentration of the aqueous solution with respect to the dispersing medium, a mixture of coal can be obtained. Adjust content to 70%. The dispersion thus obtained is suitable for transport and for liquid combustion. It has excellent properties for direct combustion as a fuel.

A caking agent is added to the dispersion to achieve storage stability as well as flocculation and sedimentation stability. can be added.

Calculation may be reversible or irreversible. reversible Kerification is the modification of small amounts of metal ions in combination with metal ions such as aluminum or boron. Starch, polysaccharides, xanthan, guar It can be obtained by gum or alginate. The reversible caking process degree or PH8 can be controlled by changing .

Irreversible kerification of coal-water dispersions is possible, for example, with various clays, bentonites, coals, etc. This can be done using an innies clay or the like. The resulting fuel product is clear It has pseudoplastic rheology.

The inventor has discovered that the coal-water fuel has extremely good oil costs for heat and steam production. It was discovered that it has interchangeability. The fuel is refined from a large amount of inorganic foreign matter. , and more favorable than traditional coal technologies from an environmental and handling perspective. It is.

Procedural amendment (formality) %formula% 1.Display of the incident PCT/SE　83100396 2. Name of the invention Coal-water dispersion 3. Person who makes corrections Relationship to the incident: Patent applicant actieborak 4. Agent Address: 8-10-6 Shimome, Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105, subject to amendment (1) Column for the representative of the applicant in the document pursuant to the provisions of Article 184-5, Paragraph 1 of the Patent Law (2) Application translation No. ■ column (3) Translation of the description and claims (4) Power of attorney 7. Contents of correction (], ), (2), (4,) As attached (3) Description and claims engraving (no changes in content) 8. List of attached documents (1) Patent Act Article 184-5, Paragraph 1 1 document according to the provisions of (2) 1 copy of application solicitation translation (3) Translation of the specification and claims: one copy each (4) Power of attorney and translation: one copy each

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. At least one of the additives contained in the dispersion has an affinity for the coal surface. at least one hydrophobic group based on ethylene oxide and at least one water-soluble group based on ethylene oxide. Molecular weight including 1. Characterized by being an ionic surfactant polymer of O’OO or higher The water, additives, and surface are used for the adsorption of zwitterionic substances or other hydrophobizing substances. Therefore, the coal content is at least as high as that of the dispersion. 55% by weight dispersion. 2. Claim 1, in which a hydrophobic moiety is added on one or more aromatic groups dispersion liquid. 3. The dispersion according to claim 1, wherein the additive has a zwitterionic charge. 4 The additives are imidazolene derivatives, betaine derivatives, and zwitterionic amino acid inducers. Claims 1 or 3 containing a zwitterionic group of a conductor or a lecithin derivative. The dispersion liquid according to any one of the above. 5 The additive is a zwitterionic salt or a zwitterionic salt of an ethoxylated quaternary nitrogen compound. Claims 1, 3 or 4, which are aqueous alkylaryl ethoxylates. The dispersion liquid according to any of paragraphs. 6. According to either claim 1 or 2, the additive has a cationic charge. Dispersion as described. 7. Claims in which the additive is an ethoxylated cyclic alkyl ammonium compound The dispersant according to any one of Items 1, 2, and 6. 8. Additives include pyridine, quinoline, isoquinoline, benzindazole, and benzindazole. Zuthiazole, benztriazole, virolison, imidazole group or these based on an unsaturated heterocyclic compound containing at least one derivative of the group The dispersion liquid according to any one of the desired ranges 1, 2, 6, or 7. 9. The additive is at least one member of the group consisting of pyboridine, morpholine, or their derivatives. Claims 1 and 2 are based on saturated nitrogen compounds containing. The dispersion liquid according to any one of item 6 and item 7. 10. According to either claim 1 or 2, the additive has an anionic charge. Dispersion as described. 11 The additive is a salt of alkylaryloxyethyleneoxyalcohol. The dispersion according to any one of Items 1, 2, and 10. 12 Additive is ammonium of alkylphenoxypolyethyleneoxyethanol The salt according to any one of claims 1, 2, 10, or 11, which is a salt. dispersion liquid. 13 The total amount of additives is 2% of the total weight of the dispersion11 The dispersion liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 12, which does not exceed . 14. Claim 1 in which the total amount of additives does not exceed 0.8 cm of the total weight of the dispersion. The dispersion liquid according to any one of Items 1 to 13. Engraving (no changes in content) 1