JPS5831254A - Collector for solar heat - Google Patents
Collector for solar heatInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5831254A JPS5831254A JP56130688A JP13068881A JPS5831254A JP S5831254 A JPS5831254 A JP S5831254A JP 56130688 A JP56130688 A JP 56130688A JP 13068881 A JP13068881 A JP 13068881A JP S5831254 A JPS5831254 A JP S5831254A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lens
- liquid
- heat collecting
- heat
- collecting tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は、簡単な操作により、地球の公転に起因する
焦点のずれの調整を自在とし、集熱フィンを小さくして
放熱による損失を低減し、年間を通じて効率よく太＠熱
を集熱するようにした太陽熱集熱装置に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention makes it possible to freely adjust the focus shift caused by the earth's revolution through simple operations, reduce heat loss due to heat radiation by making the heat collection fins smaller, and efficiently increase heat throughout the year. @Relating to a solar heat collection device that collects heat.
従来、太陽熱を有効に集熱するため、レンズにより太陽
光を集光する太陽熱集熱装置は、第１図々いし第４・図
に示すように構成されている。それ □らの図面におい
て、（１）は太陽熱集熱器、＋２１ Ｎ：集熱器ｆｉｌ
のガラス外管、（３）は外管（２）内に配設された集熱
管、（４）は外管（２）の−に方に外冴（２）に平行に
設置され太陽光を集熱管（３）に集光するレンズであり
、集熱器（＋］ オ、Ｊ：びレンズ（４）から太１ｉ１
ｉＳ ＦＮ’＋集熱装置ｆ”？が）ｒｉｔｉ成されてい
る。BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, in order to effectively collect solar heat, a solar heat collecting device that uses a lens to collect sunlight has been constructed as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. In those drawings, (1) is a solar collector, +21 N: collector fil
The glass outer tube (3) is a heat collecting tube placed inside the outer tube (2), and (4) is installed parallel to the outer tube (2) on the negative side of the outer tube (2) to catch sunlight. This is a lens that focuses light on the heat collector tube (3), and the heat collector (+) is a lens that focuses the light on the heat collector (+).
iS FN' + heat collector f"?)riti is formed.
そして、第１図（ａ）に示す」：うＫ、太陽光がレンズ
（４）に垂直に入射するときに、集熱管（３）に集光さ
れるよう、集熱管（３）をレンズ（４１の焦点に設置ｉ
″？する。Then, as shown in Fig. 1(a), the heat collecting tube (3) is connected to the lens ( Installed at 41 focal points i
"?do.
しかし、この場合、太陽が移・１ｉｆＪＬ、同図（ＩＩ
）に示すように、レンズ（４）に斜め方向から入射する
古、太陽光は集熱管（３）に集光されなくなり、効率」
：＜集熱することができない。However, in this case, the sun moves ・1ifJL, the same figure (II
), the sunlight that enters the lens (4) from an oblique direction is no longer focused on the heat collection tube (3), reducing efficiency.
:<Heat cannot be collected.
そこで、太陽方位の１日の時間変化に対し、常に集熱管
（３）に太陽光が集光されるように、し′／ズ（４）を
動かして太陽光を追尾することが行なゎハ、でいる。す
なわち、集熱器（１１を南北方向に設置するとともに、
第２図の実線矢印に示すように、春分および秋分の頃に
太陽光がレンズ（４）に１日直人引するよう、集熱：Ｈ
＋ｌとレンズ（４）とを設置１σ１１／１の緯度θに等
しく傾斜して設置し、レンズ（４）を集熱管（３）を中
心にして動かすことにより、太陽の１日の動きに追尾し
、常に集熱管（３）に集光するものである。Therefore, the lens (4) is moved to track the sunlight so that the sunlight is always focused on the heat collection tube (3) as the sun's direction changes over the course of the day. Ha, I'm here. That is, while installing the heat collector (11) in the north-south direction,
As shown by the solid line arrow in Figure 2, heat is collected by H
+l and the lens (4) are installed at an angle equal to the latitude θ of 1σ11/1, and by moving the lens (4) around the heat collecting tube (3), it is possible to track the daily movement of the sun. , the light is always focused on the heat collecting tube (3).
しかし、夏至および冬至には、それぞれｗＪ２図の破線
矢印および１点鎖線矢印に示すように、太陽高度が変化
し、太陽光がレンズ（４）に斜め入射することになる。However, at the summer solstice and the winter solstice, as shown by the broken line arrow and the dashed-dotted line arrow in the wJ2 diagram, respectively, the solar altitude changes, and sunlight obliquely enters the lens (4).
このとき、太陽光のレンズ（４）への入射角をαとし、
第３図（ａ） 、 （ｈ）に示すように、垂直入射およ
び斜め入射の場合の各焦点（Ｐｏ） 、 （Ｐα）とレ
ンズ（４）の」二端面との距離を、それぞれｒｏ、ｆα
とすると、距離ｒｎは、
ｒα＝「０−邸２α ・・−・・■
となる。したがって、焦点（ＰＯ）の手前、すなわち、
集熱管（３）の」１方に集光されてしまい、集熱管（３
）へはＬの幅をもって入射することになる。ここで、と
表わされ、太陽の一年の動きに対し、幅りは第４・図に
示すように変化し、夏至および冬至では入」肘用αが地
軸の傾斜角の２３．１６°となり、同角度が最大値であ
るから、０式より、夏至お」：び冬至に最大値０．１８
（Ｉの幅で、集熱管（３）に入射する。At this time, the angle of incidence of sunlight on the lens (4) is α,
As shown in Figures 3(a) and (h), the distances between each focal point (Po), (Pα) and the two end surfaces of the lens (4) in the case of normal incidence and oblique incidence are ro and fα, respectively.
Then, the distance rn is rα='0-house2α...■.Therefore, in front of the focal point (PO), that is,
The light is focused on one side of the heat collecting pipe (3),
) with a width of L. Here, it is expressed as , and the width changes as shown in Figure 4 with respect to the yearly movement of the sun, and at the summer and winter solstice, the angle α is 23.16°, which is the inclination angle of the earth's axis. Since the same angle is the maximum value, from the formula 0, the maximum value at the summer solstice and winter solstice is 0.18.
(It enters the heat collecting tube (3) with a width of I.
したがって、年間を通じ、し／ズ（４１ＩＣ，１：り甲
光された太陽光をすべて集熱管（３）に受光するために
、幅０．１８ＣＩの集熱フイ゛／（５）を端然’ｉ’ｌ
’ ＋３１に設けなければならない。Therefore, throughout the year, in order to receive all of the solar radiation reflected by the solar panel (41 i'l
' Must be provided at +31.
しかし、１）１１記幅広の集熱フィン１５１を設けると
、該集熱フィン（５）からの放熱に」：す、集熱効率の
低下を招くことに々るため、集熱フィ゛／の幅を小さく
することが（ｌ）寸しい。However, 1) If the wide heat collecting fins 151 described in item 11 are provided, the heat dissipation efficiency from the heat collecting fins (5) will be reduced. It is (l) too small to make it small.
この発明け、１１！Ｉ ：記の点に’＋Ｙ？ 、ｓＹｆ
Ｉ−てなされたものであり、つぎにこの発明を、その
１実／＋ｆＩｉ例を示１゜た第５図以下の図面とともに
詳、ｉ］１に説１１’ｌする、。Invent this, 11! I: '+Y' on the marked point? ,sYf
Next, this invention will be explained in detail in i]1, together with the drawings from FIG. 5 showing one example of the invention.
それらの図面において、（６）ｉ１７Ｊ：集熱管（３）
に太１易尤を集光する集光レンズ、ｆ７Ｈ７ｔ：集光し
／ズ（６）のＪｌ（部レンズ、（８）は集光レンズｆ１
３１の丁Ｈ’＜６に形成されだ液体レンズであり、液体
注入１］ ＋９１から液体を自在に注入、排出すること
ができ、該メ１シ体の２．ＩＥ人、排出により集光レン
ズ（６１の焦点距離を自在に調整できる。In those drawings, (6) i17J: Heat collecting pipe (3)
A condensing lens that condenses the light, f7H7t: Jl (part lens) of (6), (8) is a condensing lens f1
31 is a liquid lens formed at H'<6 of the mesh body, and liquid can be freely injected and discharged from the liquid injection 1] +91, and the liquid lens 2. The focal length of the condenser lens (61) can be freely adjusted by ejecting the IE.
そして、前記と同様に、集熱器（１）と集光レンズ（６
）とを南北方向に設置するとともに、設置位置の、緯度
θに等しい角度に傾斜して設置する。さらに、液体レン
ズ（８）に液体を注入して焦点距離の短いレンズとし、
該レンズの焦点に集熱器Ｈの集熱管（３）が位置するよ
うに、集熱器ｆｉｌおよび集光レンズ（６１を設置する
。Then, in the same way as above, the heat collector (1) and the condensing lens (6
) are installed in the north-south direction, and are installed at an angle equal to the latitude θ of the installation location. Furthermore, a liquid is injected into the liquid lens (8) to make it a lens with a short focal length,
A heat collector fil and a condensing lens (61) are installed so that the heat collecting tube (3) of the heat collector H is located at the focal point of the lens.
このとき、春分および秋分には、太陽光が集光し／ズ（
６）に垂直入射するため、第６図（ａ）に示すよう例、
集熱管（３）に太陽光が集光される。At this time, on the vernal and autumnal equinoxes, sunlight is concentrated
6), so as shown in Fig. 6(a),
Sunlight is concentrated on the heat collecting tube (3).
一方、太陽光が集光レンズ（６）に入射角αで入射する
と、液体レンズ（８）に液体が注入された！、″！、で
は、集熱管（３）の」１方に集光され、集熱管（３）へ
は、ある幅をもって入射する。このとき、和レンズ（６
）の幅を（１とすると、集熱管（３）への入射幅Ｗａは
、と表わされ、従来と同様に、太陽の１年の動きに対し
、第３図に示すように変化し、夏至および冬至に最大値
０．］８ｄとなる。On the other hand, when sunlight entered the condensing lens (6) at an incident angle α, liquid was injected into the liquid lens (8)! , ``!'', the light is focused on one side of the heat collecting tube (3), and enters the heat collecting tube (3) with a certain width. At this time, a Japanese lens (6
) is (1), the incident width Wa to the heat collecting pipe (3) is expressed as, and as in the past, it changes as shown in Figure 3 with respect to the movement of the sun in a year, The maximum value is 0.]8d at the summer and winter solstice.
そこで、液体し／ズ（８）の液体を排出し、集光レンズ
（６）を基部レンズ（７）のみで４１１４成し、焦点距
離を長くすることにより、第６図（ＩＩ）の破線に示す
」：うに、集光レンズ（６）に斜め入射する太陽光を集
熱管（３）に集光することができる。したかつて、夏至
および冬至の以前に、液体レンズ（８）の液体を排出す
ることにより、集熱管（３）に太陽光を集光することが
できる。Therefore, by discharging the liquid from the liquid lens (8), forming the condensing lens (6) with only the base lens (7), and increasing the focal length, the broken line in Fig. 6 (II) "Show": In this way, sunlight that is obliquely incident on the condenser lens (6) can be condensed onto the heat collection tube (3). In the past, before the summer solstice and the winter solstice, sunlight can be focused on the heat collecting tube (3) by draining the liquid from the liquid lens (8).
つぎに、液体レンズ（８）の液体を排出した状態の集光
レンズ（６）に、太陽光が垂直入射した場合、第６図（
１））の実線に示すように、集熱管（３）の下方の焦点
（Ｐ）′に太陽光が集光され、集熱管（３）にはＷＩ＋
の幅をもって入射する。ここで、集光レンズ（６）の」
一端面から集熱管（３）寸での距離を「、焦点の）′寸
での距離をｆ′とすると、距離ｆ′は
Ｗｂ −（１−ｃｏｓ２ａ＋）・ｄ −＝（ｉ）に
最大値０．１５ｄとなる。したがって、春分および秋分
のそれぞれの前後の期間に、液体レンズ（８）に液体を
注入した状態にし、集光レンズ（６）の焦点を短くする
ことにより、集熱管（３）に太陽光を集光することがで
きる。Next, when sunlight is perpendicularly incident on the condensing lens (6) with the liquid in the liquid lens (8) drained, as shown in Fig. 6 (
As shown by the solid line in 1)), sunlight is concentrated at the lower focal point (P)' of the heat collecting tube (3), and the heat collecting tube (3) has WI+
incident with a width of . Here, the condenser lens (6)
If the distance from one end surface to the heat collector tube (3) is ``, and the distance from the focal point to 0.15d. Therefore, during the periods before and after the vernal and autumnal equinoxes, by filling the liquid lens (8) with liquid and shortening the focal point of the condensing lens (6), the heat collecting tube (3 ) can concentrate sunlight.
以」−より、春分、夏至、秋分、冬至、春分の各中間の
時期に、それぞれ液体レンズ（８１の液体の排出、注入
、排出、注入を繰り返すことにより、太陽光の集熱管（
３）への入射幅を小さくすることができる。すなわち、
このときの入射幅Ｗｅは春分および秋分のそれぞれの前
後の期間、すなわち、液体レンズ（８）に液体が注入さ
れている間は、０式にしたがって変化し、夏至および冬
至のそれぞれの前後の期間、す々わち、液体レンズ（８
）から液体が排出されている間は、０式にしたがって変
化し、太杖用時に、同図に示すように、最大値０．０４
ｄをとる。Therefore, at each intermediate period of the vernal equinox, summer solstice, autumnal equinox, winter solstice, and vernal equinox, by repeating the draining, injecting, draining, and injecting of the liquid lens (81), a solar collector tube (
3) The width of incidence on the beam can be made smaller. That is,
The incident width We at this time changes according to the formula 0 during the periods before and after the vernal and autumnal equinoxes, that is, while the liquid is injected into the liquid lens (8), and during the periods before and after the summer and winter solstices. , liquid lens (8
) while the liquid is being discharged, it changes according to the 0 formula, and when using a thick cane, the maximum value is 0.04 as shown in the figure.
Take d.
したがって、年間を通じて集熱管（３）に集光するため
には、幅０．０４．ｒｌの集約フィンを設ければよく、
従来のように、し／ズの幅の１８％の幅のＱ％ ｆｌｙ
フィンに対し、４・％の幅の集熱フイ、／で済み、放熱
面積を低減でき、集熱効率の向上を図ることができる。Therefore, in order to concentrate the light on the heat collecting pipe (3) throughout the year, the width is 0.04. All you need to do is provide an RL aggregation fin,
As before, Q% fly with a width of 18% of the width of the
A heat collection fin with a width of 4% is sufficient compared to the fin, which reduces the heat radiation area and improves heat collection efficiency.
また、この発明の太１易熱果熱装置ｄ１．１日の太陽の
動きを追尾できるのはもちろＡ７である。Moreover, it is of course possible to track the movement of the sun on the 1st day of the 1st day of the 1st heat-generating device of this invention.
なお、集光レンズ（６）は、焦点距離を調整自在な液体
レンズのみから構成してもよい。Note that the condenser lens (6) may be composed only of a liquid lens whose focal length is adjustable.
以」−のように、この発明の太陽熱集熱装置によると、
集熱器と該集熱器に太陽光を集光する集光レンズとを南
北方向に設置するとともに、集熱器と集光レンズとを設
置位置の緯度にほぼ等しい角度に傾斜して設置し、集光
し／ズの少なくとも一部を液体し／ズにより構成し、液
体レンズの液体を地球の公転に追尾して排出、注入自在
にしたことにより、−年の春分、夏至、秋分、冬至、春
分の各中間の時期に、液体レンズの液体をそれぞれ排出
、注入、排出、注入するのみで、地球の公転に起因する
焦点のずれを調整することができるとともに、集熱器の
集熱フィンを小さくして放熱による損失を低減でき、集
熱効率の向上を図ることができる。According to the solar heat collecting device of this invention,
A heat collector and a condensing lens for concentrating sunlight on the heat collector are installed in the north-south direction, and the heat collector and the condensing lens are installed at an angle approximately equal to the latitude of the installation position. By making at least a part of the light condensing lens a liquid lens, and by making the liquid in the liquid lens track the revolution of the earth and be able to discharge and inject it freely, , by simply draining, injecting, draining, and injecting the liquid in the liquid lens at the midpoint of each vernal equinox, it is possible to adjust the focus shift caused by the earth's revolution, and also to adjust the focus shift caused by the earth's revolution. It is possible to reduce the loss due to heat radiation and improve the heat collection efficiency.
第１図ないし第４・図は従来の太陽熱集熱装置を示し、
第１図（ａ）はある状態の切断正面図、（ｂ）は他の状
態の切断正面図、第２図は設置状態を示す左側面図、第
３図（ａ）は一部の切断正面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）の一部
切断斜視図、第４図は太陽光の集熱管への入射幅の年変
化を示す関係図、０４５図以下の図面はこの発明の太陽
熱集熱装置の１実施例を示し、第５図は要部の斜視図、
第６図（ａ）ｔ／″ｉ第５図の液体レンズの液体排出状
態の切断正面図、（ｂ）は第５図の液体レンズの液体排
出状態の切断正面図、第７図は第６図（１））の状態に
おける太陽光の集熱管への入射幅の年変化を示す関係図
、第８図は第６図（ａ）。
（１））の状態に交互に変化させた場合における太陽光
の集熱管への入射幅の年変化を示す関係図である。
（１）・・・集熱器、（６）・・・集光レンズ、（８）
・・・液体レンズ。
代理人 弁理士 藤田龍太部
第５図
第６図
（ＣＩ） （ｂ）
１１Ｊ７図
第 ８ 図Figures 1 to 4 show conventional solar heat collectors,
Figure 1 (a) is a cutaway front view in one state, (b) is a cutaway front view in another state, Figure 2 is a left side view showing the installation state, and Figure 3 (a) is a partially cutaway front view. Figure 4 (b) is a partially cutaway perspective view of (a), Figure 4 is a relational diagram showing annual changes in the width of incidence of sunlight on the collector tube, Figure 045 and the following drawings are the solar heat collector of this invention. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the main parts,
6(a) is a cutaway front view of the liquid lens in FIG. 5 in a liquid discharged state, (b) is a cutaway front view of the liquid lens in FIG. 5 in a liquid discharged state, and FIG. 7 is a cutaway front view of the liquid lens in FIG. Figure 8 is a relational diagram showing annual changes in the width of incidence of sunlight on the collector tube under the conditions shown in Figure (1)), and Figure 8 is shown in Figure 6 (a). It is a relational diagram showing annual changes in the width of incidence of sunlight on the heat collection tube. (1)... Heat collector, (6)... Condensing lens, (8)
...Liquid lens. Agent: Patent Attorney Ryuta Fujita Department Figure 5 Figure 6 (CI) (b) Figure 11J7 Figure 8
Claims (1)
を南北方向に設置するとともに、前記集熱器と前記集光
レンズとを設置位置の緯度にほぼ等しい角度に傾斜して
設置し、前記集光レンズの少なくとも一部を液体レンズ
により構成し、前記液体レンズの液体を地球の公転に追
尾して排出、注入自在にしたことを特徴とする太陽熱集
熱装置。■ A heat collector and a condensing lens for concentrating sunlight on the heat collector are installed in the north-south direction, and the heat collector and the condensing lens are tilted at an angle approximately equal to the latitude of the installation position. 1. A solar heat collecting device, wherein at least a part of the condensing lens is made of a liquid lens, and the liquid of the liquid lens can be freely discharged and injected by tracking the revolution of the earth.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56130688A JPS5831254A (en) | 1981-08-19 | 1981-08-19 | Collector for solar heat |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56130688A JPS5831254A (en) | 1981-08-19 | 1981-08-19 | Collector for solar heat |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5831254A true JPS5831254A (en) | 1983-02-23 |
Family
ID=15040237
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56130688A Pending JPS5831254A (en) | 1981-08-19 | 1981-08-19 | Collector for solar heat |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5831254A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2890181A1 (en) * | 2005-08-23 | 2007-03-02 | Joel Gilbert | Solar energy condensing optical system e.g. converging lens, for producing electricity, has converging lens positioned so that longitudinal, transversal and lateral axes are oriented horizontally, south and towards polar star, respectively |
| JP2007265254A (en) * | 2006-03-29 | 2007-10-11 | Nohmi Bosai Ltd | Photoelectric separable sensor |
| WO2009064252A2 (en) | 2007-11-16 | 2009-05-22 | Intermultilock Ab | Solar heating element and solar heating unit used for cold production |
-
1981
- 1981-08-19 JP JP56130688A patent/JPS5831254A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2890181A1 (en) * | 2005-08-23 | 2007-03-02 | Joel Gilbert | Solar energy condensing optical system e.g. converging lens, for producing electricity, has converging lens positioned so that longitudinal, transversal and lateral axes are oriented horizontally, south and towards polar star, respectively |
| JP2007265254A (en) * | 2006-03-29 | 2007-10-11 | Nohmi Bosai Ltd | Photoelectric separable sensor |
| WO2009064252A2 (en) | 2007-11-16 | 2009-05-22 | Intermultilock Ab | Solar heating element and solar heating unit used for cold production |
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