CN206787084U - Compound more curved surface groove type solar concentrating collectors with automatic defrosting system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of solar energy concentration and heat utilization, in particular to a composite multi-curved surface trough type solar energy concentration heat collector. Composite multi-curved trough solar concentrator with automatic defrosting function, when the sun's altitude angle is low, the sunlight passing through the glass light inlet is reflected by the semi-parabolic and vertical reflectors to the black light absorbing with light traps On the panel, the air in the air heating chamber is further heated. Part of the heated hot air heats the glass cover, and the other part enters the inner surface of the linear Fresnel condenser, and then rises along the inner surface of the glass cover to realize the defrosting function. When the sun's altitude angle is high, the sunlight passing through the glass cover is incident on the semi-parabolic surface and the parabolic reflecting surface, and after reflection, it converges on the fins in the glass vacuum tube receiver and is absorbed by the heat exchange medium in the fluid channel, passing through the linear Fresnel The sunlight from the concentrator is directly collected on the receiver, and the two parts of the collected sunlight together provide thermal energy to the heat exchange medium.

Description

Composite multi-curved trough solar concentrator with automatic defrosting function

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of solar energy concentration and heat utilization, in particular to a composite multi-curved surface trough type solar energy concentration heat collector.

Background technique

At present, most of the trough solar concentrating collectors that are popularized and used are mainly parabolic concentrating heat collectors. Its advantage is that the temperature of concentrating heat is high, but its disadvantage is that the rotation center of the concentrating collector does not coincide with the center of gravity of the whole device. It belongs to the form of "external concentrating light"; the glass vacuum tube receiver is located on the upper part of the parabolic concentrating heat collector, which is easy to form shadows on the reflective surface, which affects the concentrating efficiency of the concentrator, and the parabolic reflector is easy to fall dust, which affects the reflection effect ; For winter use in high latitude areas, the frost on the parabolic reflector needs to be exposed to the sun for a period of time before it can be eliminated, resulting in a shortened normal operation time of the concentrating collector. Therefore, in order to overcome the shortcomings of the parabolic reflector concentrator and further solve the impact of frost on the trough concentrator in winter, it is formed by combining the reflective concentrator with a composite multi-curved surface and the concentrator with a linear Fresnel mirror. And it is meaningful to use the obliquely incident sunlight to heat the glass cover plate and then defrost the trough solar concentrating heat collector.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is: in order to eliminate the impact of frost on the solar concentrating heat collector in high latitude areas in winter, prolong the effective working time of the trough type solar concentrating heat collector, and improve the concentration of the trough type solar concentrating heat collector. The utility model provides a composite multi-curved surface trough solar concentrating heat collector with automatic defrosting function.

The technical scheme of the utility model is: a composite multi-curved surface trough solar collector with automatic defrosting function, which includes: a concentrator, a glass cover plate, a glass vacuum tube receiver, a black light-absorbing panel and a tapered hot air catheter;

The concentrator is a trough structure, the front and rear sides are semi-parabolic reflective surfaces, the bottom surface is a parabolic reflective surface, and the two semi-parabolic reflective surfaces are respectively connected by two vertical reflective surfaces; the concentrator One end of the opening at the left and right ends of the glass is closed by a glass light inlet and a side plate, and the other end is closed by a black light-absorbing plate; an air heating cavity is formed between the black light-absorbing plate and the two semi-parabolic reflective surfaces;

The black light-absorbing plate is provided with vertically arranged light traps, the top of the black light-absorbing plate is provided with a cover plate, and the bottom is provided with a cold air inlet connected with the air heating chamber; the cover plate is provided with a hot air channel connected with the air heating chamber, The hot air outlet communicated with the hot air channel, and the semicircular hot air cavity communicated with the hot air channel through the hot air lift hole; the semicircular hot air cavity is provided with a hot air through hole;

The tapered hot air conduit is provided with spray holes, and the tapered hot air conduit communicates with the hot air outlet;

The two ends of the glass vacuum tube receiver with fins inside pass through the black light-absorbing plate and side plate, and are set above the parabolic reflective surface;

There is an arched structure in the middle of the glass cover, and a linear Fresnel condenser is arranged at the arched structure; the glass cover is set on the top of the condenser; the focal positions of the linear Fresnel condenser and the parabolic reflector are all connected to the glass vacuum tube. The device coincides; the hot air passage hole is opposite to the linear Fresnel concentrator, and the nozzle hole is opposite to the glass cover.

Beneficial effects: the utility model utilizes the principle of composite multi-curved surface reflection and linear Fresnel mirror transmission to focus the incident sunlight in the forward direction, that is, the glass vacuum tube receiver is located inside the concentrating heat collector, which belongs to the form of "inner concentrating light". For obliquely incident sunlight that cannot be concentrated on the surface of the glass vacuum tube receiver, the air in the hot air chamber on the side wall is heated by reflection, and then the hot air heats the glass cover to realize the automatic defrosting function. In addition, the composite multi-curved solar concentrator The optical heat collector also has the advantages of low tracking accuracy requirements, can absorb part of the scattered light, and the glass cover protects the mirror surface.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional effect of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is the light path diagram of normal incident sunlight of the utility model.

Fig. 3 is the light path diagram of oblique incident sunlight of the utility model.

Fig. 4 is an optical principle diagram of the optical trap in the utility model.

Fig. 5 is a working principle diagram of the black light-absorbing panel of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the arrangement and installation diagram of the utility model on the building roof.

Fig. 7 is an arrangement and installation diagram of the utility model on the back wall of facility agriculture.

Fig. 8 is a diagram of an embodiment in which a black light-absorbing panel is arranged in honeycomb instead of a flat black light-absorbing panel.

Fig. 9 is a diagram of an embodiment of a triangular optical trap instead of a circular optical trap.

detailed description

The utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

Referring to accompanying drawing 1, the composite multi-curved surface trough solar concentrating heat collector with automatic defrosting function, it comprises: concentrator, glass cover plate 1, glass vacuum tube receiver 12, black light-absorbing panel 9 and tapered hot air conduit 5;

The concentrator is a trough structure, the front and rear sides are semi-parabolic reflective surfaces 2, the bottom surface is a parabolic reflective surface 4, and the two semi-parabolic reflective surfaces 2 and parabolic reflective surfaces 4 are respectively separated by two vertical reflective surfaces 3 Connection; one end of the openings at the left and right ends of the concentrator is closed by the glass light inlet 17 and the side plate 18, and the other end is closed by the black light-absorbing plate 9; air is formed between the black light-absorbing plate 9 and the two semi-parabolic reflecting surfaces 2 Heating chamber 19;

The black light-absorbing plate 9 is provided with vertically arranged light traps 8, the top of the black light-absorbing plate 9 is provided with a cover plate 21, and the bottom is provided with a cold air inlet 26 communicating with the air heating chamber 19; The hot air passage 23 that chamber 19 communicates, the hot air outlet 25 that communicates with hot air passage 23, and the semicircular hot air chamber 11 that communicates with hot air passage 23 through hot air lift hole 24; Semicircular hot air chamber 11 is provided with hot air through hole 22;

The tapered hot air conduit 5 is provided with a spray hole 6, and the tapered hot air conduit 5 communicates with the hot air outlet 25;

The two ends of the glass vacuum tube receiver 12 with fins 15 inside pass through the black light-absorbing plate 9 and the side plate 18, and are arranged above the parabolic reflecting surface 4;

The middle part of the glass cover 1 is provided with an arched structure, and the arched structure is provided with a linear Fresnel condenser 10; the glass cover 1 is arranged on the top of the condenser; Both coincide with the glass vacuum tube receiver 12; the hot air through hole 22 is opposite to the linear Fresnel concentrator 10, and the nozzle hole 6 is opposite to the glass cover plate 1.

Further, in practical applications, in order to avoid affecting the heat collection efficiency of the trough solar collector due to changes in the sun's altitude angle, the concentrator in the utility model is designed to be able to rotate around the glass vacuum tube receiver 12, and by positioning Pin 13 realizes positioning. In this way, the utility model can properly adjust the inclination angle according to the season or month, so as to improve the applicability and economical efficiency of the heat collector.

The working principle of the present utility model is: when the sun altitude angle is low, the sunlight passing through the glass light inlet 17 is reflected by the semi-parabolic surface 2 and the vertical reflection surface 3 onto the black light-absorbing panel 9 with the light trap 8, and then The air in the air heating chamber 19 is heated. Due to the low density of the heated air, a part of the heated air passes through the nozzle holes 6 on the air duct 5 to heat the glass cover plate 1, so as to realize the elimination of frost in the morning in winter, and the other part passes through the semicircular heat The hot air through hole 23 on the air chamber 11 enters the inner surface of the linear Fresnel condenser 10 and then rises along the glass cover 1 to realize the defrosting function. When the solar altitude angle is high, the sunlight passing through the glass cover plate 1 is incident on the semi-parabolic surface 2 and the parabolic reflecting surface 4, and after being reflected, it converges on the fin 15 in the glass vacuum tube receiver 12, and then is absorbed by the fluid channel 14. The heat exchange heat medium absorbs, and the sunlight passing through the linear Fresnel condenser 10 is directly concentrated on the receiver, and the above two parts of the sun light converged together provide thermal energy to the heat exchange medium.

Referring to accompanying drawing 2, it is the normal incident light path diagram of sunlight of the present utility model. In Figure 2, the principle of operation is explained as follows:

The rays a and b are incident on the linear Fresnel condenser 10, and after transmission, they converge on the fin 15 in the glass vacuum tube receiver 12 located at the focal point of the linear Fresnel condenser 10, and the light c passes through the glass cover plate 1 and then enters the On the semi-parabolic reflective surface 2, after being reflected, it converges on the fin 15, and the light d passes through the glass cover plate 1 and is incident on the parabolic reflective surface 4, after being reflected, it converges to the glass vacuum tube at the focal position of the parabolic reflective surface 4 to receive On the fins 15 in the device 12 , the above-mentioned converging sunlight jointly heats the heat exchange medium in the fluid channel 14 .

Fig. 3 is the light path diagram of oblique incident sunlight of the utility model. In Figure 3, the operating principle is explained as follows:

The oblique incident ray e is incident on the semi-parabolic reflective surface 2 through the glass light inlet 17, and is then reflected into the light trap 8. The oblique incident ray f is incident on the parabolic reflective surface 4 through the glass light inlet 17, and is reflected to the black On the light-absorbing panel 9, these two parts of light jointly increase the temperature of the air in the air heating chamber 19, and the hot air enters the lower edge of the glass cover 1 and the inner surface of the linear Fresnel condenser 10 respectively through the air channel, so that the glass cover 1 And the temperature of the linear Fresnel condenser 10 is raised to realize the defrosting function.

Fig. 4 is an optical principle diagram of the optical trap in the utility model. The operating principle is explained as follows:

The reflected light rays x and z enter the light trap 8. Since the light trap 8 has the characteristics of small entrance and large internal space, the incoming light rays x and z are reflected multiple times in the light trap 8, and the energy is absorbed many times, and the reflected light y is directly The incident incident on the black light-absorbing panel is absorbed, and the air in the air heating chamber 19 is heated. In order to prevent heat loss, the black light-absorbing plate 9 and the two semi-parabolic reflective surfaces 2 are covered with thermal insulation material 20 on the periphery.

Fig. 5 is a working principle diagram of the black light-absorbing panel of the present invention. The operating principle is explained as follows:

The sunlight incident on the light trap 8 and the black light-absorbing panel 9 jointly heats the air in the air heating chamber 19, and part of the heated air enters the reduced-shrink air duct 5 through the hot air outlet 25 along the hot air passage 23, and the rest Enter the semicircular hot air chamber 11 through the hot air hole 24, enter the inner surface of the linear Fresnel condenser 10 through the hot air through hole 22, and enter the air heating chamber 19 through the cold air inlet 26 to supplement the air circulation. .

Fig. 6 is the arrangement and installation diagram of the utility model on the building roof.

Several composite multi-curved trough solar collectors with automatic defrosting function are connected in series and in parallel to form a heat collection system connected to the roof of the building through the bracket 16 to provide heat for building heating and other building energy.

Fig. 7 is an arrangement and installation diagram of the utility model on the back wall of facility agriculture.

A plurality of composite multi-curved trough solar concentrating collectors with automatic defrosting function are connected in series and installed on the agricultural back wall of the facility with the help of bracket 16, to heat the heat exchange medium in the hot water storage tank 27, and through the installation in the back wall The heat exchange pipeline 28 provides heat supply for facility agriculture in winter.

Fig. 8 is a diagram of an embodiment in which a black light-absorbing panel is arranged in honeycomb instead of a flat black light-absorbing panel. The operating principle is explained as follows:

The black light-absorbing panel 29 is arranged in honeycomb instead of the flat black light-absorbing panel 9, which increases the light-absorbing area of the light-absorbing panel, increases the heat-absorbing area of the air, improves the heat-absorbing efficiency of the hot air, and strengthens the honeycomb structure. Structural rigidity of light-absorbing panels.

Fig. 9 is a diagram of an embodiment of a triangular optical trap instead of a circular optical trap. The operation principle is explained as follows: the circular light trap 8 is replaced by the triangular light trap 30, which reduces the manufacturing difficulty of the light trap.

To sum up, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present utility model. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (5)

1. compound more curved surface groove type solar concentrating collectors with automatic defrosting system, it is characterized in that：It includes：Optically focused Device, glass cover-plate (1), glass evacuated pipe receivers (12), black light-absorbing plate (9) and tapered hot air duct (5)；

The concentrator is slot type structure, and its front and rear sides is half parabolic reflector (2), and bottom surface is parabolic reflector (4), two It is connected respectively by two vertical reflectings surface (3) between half parabolic reflector (2) and the parabolic reflector (4)；It is described poly- The open at one end of the left and right ends of light device realizes closing by glass light inlet (17), side plate (18), and the other end is inhaled by the black Tabula rasa (9) realizes closing；Air heating chamber is formed between the black light-absorbing plate (9) and two half parabolic reflectors (2) (19)；

The black light-absorbing plate (9), which is provided with, erects straight arranged light trapping (8), and the top of the black light-absorbing plate (9) is provided with cover plate (21), bottom is provided with the inlet of cold air (26) communicated with the air heating chamber (19)；The cover plate (21) be provided with it is described Hot-air channel (23) that air heating chamber (19) communicates, the hot air outlet (25) communicated with the hot-air channel (23), And the semicircle hot-air chamber (11) being connected with the hot-air channel (23) by hot-air liter hole (24)；The semicircle Shape hot-air chamber (11) is provided with hot-air through hole (22)；

The tapered hot air duct (5) is provided with spray orifice (6), the tapered hot air duct (5) and the hot air outlet (25) it is connected；

Inside is provided with glass evacuated pipe receivers (12) both ends of fin (15) through the black light-absorbing plate (9), described Side plate (18), it is arranged on above the parabolic reflector (4)；

Domes are provided with the middle part of the glass cover-plate (1), linear Fresnel condenser (10) is provided with the domes；Institute State the top that glass cover-plate (1) is arranged on the concentrator；The linear Fresnel condenser (10), the parabolic reflector (4) focal position overlaps with the glass evacuated pipe receivers (12)；The hot-air through hole (22) and the linear phenanthrene Relatively, the spray orifice (6) is relative with the glass cover-plate (1) for Nie Er condensers (10).

2. having compound more curved surface groove type solar concentrating collectors of automatic defrosting system as claimed in claim 1, it is special Sign is：The periphery of the black light-absorbing plate (9) and two half parabolic reflectors (2) is laid with insulation material (20).

3. there are compound more curved surface groove type solar concentrating collectors of automatic defrosting system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, its It is characterized in：The both ends of the glass evacuated pipe receivers (12) are fixed on support (16), and the concentrator can be around the glass Vacuum tube receiver (12) rotates, and is realized and positioned by alignment pin (13).

4. there are compound more curved surface groove type solar concentrating collectors of automatic defrosting system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, its It is characterized in：The black light-absorbing plate (9) is provided with alveolate texture (29).

5. there are compound more curved surface groove type solar concentrating collectors of automatic defrosting system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, its It is characterized in：The glass evacuated pipe receivers (12) connect with heat storage water tank (27), and the heat storage water tank (27) passes through heat exchanger tube Road (28) carries out heat supply to facility.