CN210688776U - A Photothermal Photovoltaic Coupled Energy Supply Tracking Free Solar Concentrator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of solar energy concentrating and thermal utilization, in particular to a tracking-free solar concentrator for coupled energy supply by photothermal photovoltaics. It includes a trough compound multi-curved solar concentrator, a solar cell module, a glass cover plate, a glass vacuum tube and a straight-through tube, and a straight tube is set in the glass vacuum tube as a receiver. Among them, the trough compound multi-curved solar concentrator gathers the sunlight incident into the concentrator into the glass vacuum tube located at the focal spot inside the concentrator to realize the heating of the concentrated light; the sunlight that is not received by the glass vacuum tube is It is reflected on the solar cell module located on the inside of the glass cover to realize the concentrated light to generate electricity. At the same time, by arranging the back of the two solar cell module panels in a high and low position, a hot air duct is formed, and a micro heat exchange channel is formed between the back of the two panels, so that the heat generated by the solar cell module during operation is carried by the air in the micro heat exchange channel. At the same time, the frost on the surface of the glass cover is melted to play the role of defrosting.

Description

A Photothermal Photovoltaic Coupled Energy Supply Tracking Free Solar Concentrator

technical field

The utility model relates to a solar concentrator, in particular to a tracking-free solar concentrator for photothermal photovoltaic coupling energy supply, which belongs to the technical field of solar energy concentrating and photothermal photovoltaic applications.

Background technique

The use of solar concentrating technology can effectively overcome the shortcomings of the low quality of the collected energy. On the one hand, it improves the energy flux density on the surface of the receiver, which is one of the prerequisites for the efficient application of solar thermal and photovoltaic technologies; The heat dissipation area is smaller than the heat collection area, which is beneficial for improving the solar thermal utilization efficiency.

However, most solar concentrators have high requirements on tracking accuracy and need to track the day in real time, which increases the construction cost, maintenance cost and total power consumption of the solar concentrator utilization system. Although the tracking-free solar concentrator has the characteristics of large receiving half-angle, no moving parts, simple installation of heat exchange pipelines, low requirements for infrastructure such as electrical energy, and suitable for medium and low temperature utilization, it has poor output energy stability within a one-year working cycle. , and only within a certain period of time has a good solar energy utilization efficiency, and the external energy output is a single type. For an important form of solar energy utilization - solar concentrating solar thermal utilization technology, it is mainly used in building heating, cross-season heat storage, material drying and other fields. There is a system operation during heating period, and non-heating period (such as no heating in summer) The problem of system idleness, and at the same time, it is impossible to achieve efficient coupling with solar photovoltaic power generation technology on the same appliance. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out research on tracking-free photothermal photovoltaic high-efficiency coupled solar energy collection devices.

Utility model content

In view of this: the utility model provides a tracking-free solar concentrator for photothermal photovoltaic coupling energy supply, which can realize the combined energy supply of the non-effective condensing light power generation and the condensing light heating of the tracking-free concentrator, and improve the performance of the concentrator. Solar energy efficiency during idle periods.

The photothermal photovoltaic coupling energy supply tracking-free solar concentrator includes: a solar concentrator, a glass vacuum tube, a solar cell assembly, a glass cover plate and a bracket;

The solar concentrator is a trough-type compound multi-curved solar concentrator, including two sections of semi-parabolic reflecting surfaces and two sections of involute reflecting surfaces; after the two sections of semi-parabolic reflecting surfaces are arranged symmetrically on the left and right, their bottoms are respectively connected to the two sections. One end of the involute reflective surface is connected, and the other ends of the two involute reflective surfaces are connected together, thereby forming a shell structure with an open top and front and rear surfaces;

The top opening of the solar concentrator is a light entrance, the light entrance is covered with a glass cover plate, and concentrator side plates are installed at the openings at the front and rear ends of the solar concentrator;

A straight-through tube is coaxially arranged inside the glass vacuum tube as a receiver, and a heat-conducting medium is passed through the straight-through tube to output thermal energy to the outside; fins are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the receiving body; focal spot position;

Two or more strip-shaped card slots parallel to each other are arranged on the inner side of the glass cover plate; a group of double-sided solar cell modules are installed in each card slot, and a light-transmitting window is arranged on at least one end of the concentrator side plate, so The position of the light-transmitting window is opposite to the position of the solar cell assembly inside the solar concentrator; the electric energy generated by the solar cell assembly is output by the wire arranged in the wire slot on the side plate of the concentrator at one end.

Further, the double-sided solar cell assembly is formed by connecting the solar cell panel A and the solar cell panel B opposite to each other; the solar cell panel A and the solar cell panel B are arranged in a high and low position, wherein the solar cell panel A and The card slot is clamped, and there is a gap between the solar panel B and the end face of the card slot to form a hot air duct; the gap between the solar panel A and the back of the solar panel B forms a micro heat exchange channel;

During the power generation process of the double-sided solar cell module, the air in the micro heat exchange channel is heated and rises through the hot air channel and moves along the inner surface of the glass cover plate to ablate the frost on the glass cover plate; finally, the gas flows along the exhaust channel Drain the solar concentrator.

Further, the exhaust channel includes: a hot air port and two or more ventilation holes are provided on the solar concentrator;

A concentrator frame extends outward from the top of the semi-parabolic reflective surface, and a hot air channel is arranged in the concentrator frame on the side where the solar panel B is located, and the hot air channel communicates with the outside world; at the same time, light is concentrated on this side. More than two ventilation holes are arranged in the frame of the concentrator for connecting the interior of the solar concentrator with the hot air channel, and the hot air ports and the ventilation holes are in a plane parallel to the glass cover inside the frame of the concentrator.

Beneficial effects:

(1) The utility model utilizes the feature of the multi-curved reflection concentrator with a large receiving half-angle, which reduces the requirement of the concentrator on the tracking accuracy, and can realize the tracking-free arrangement, and at the same time, the incident sunlight can be concentrated to improve the reception at the focal spot position. The energy flux density on the surface of the body; the sunlight that is not received by the receiver is received and generated by the double-sided solar cell module in the concentrator, which realizes the combined supply of ineffective concentrating light power generation and concentrating light heating in the tracking-free concentrator. It can improve the utilization efficiency and economy of the concentrator in the idle period.

(2) The hot air generated during the power generation process can ablate the frost on the glass cover of the concentrator, and the protection of the glass cover greatly reduces the influence of dust on the surface of the solar cell module on its power generation performance.

(3) The utility model efficiently couples the solar concentrating heat collecting technology and the solar photovoltaic power generation technology in one appliance, which ensures the effective operation time of the solar concentrating heat collecting system and reduces the non-energy supply period of the fixed solar concentrator. The damage of high temperature to the receiver improves the ability of distributed application of solar concentrators, realizes the application of zero-energy solar thermal photoelectric, and has broad application prospects.

(4) The utility model can enrich the energy supply mode of the solar concentrator, eliminate the influence of frost on the efficiency in the process of solar concentrating and heat collecting in winter in high latitude regions, and reduce the effect of the receiving body during the non-energy supply period. The impact of reducing the life of the device, increasing the operating time of the trough compound multi-curved solar concentrator, enriching the energy supply mode of the solar concentrator, and further reducing the construction cost of the solar concentrating application system.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the light path diagram of the trough-type compound multi-curved solar concentrator with normal incidence of sunlight (where a, b, and c refer to incident sunlight);

Fig. 3 is the light path diagram of the solar light incident declination angle less than the receiving half-angle oblique incident trough-type compound multi-curved solar concentrator (where d, e, f refer to incident sunlight);

Fig. 4 is the light path diagram of the solar light incident declination angle greater than the receiving half angle oblique incident trough compound multi-curved solar concentrator (wherein g, h, i refer to incident sunlight);

Fig. 5 is the working principle diagram of the micro heat exchange channel of the solar cell module;

FIG. 6 is a diagram of an embodiment in which different bifacial solar cell modules replace the same bifacial solar cell module;

Fig. 7 is the arrangement and installation diagram of the utility model for the foundation arrangement in front of the greenhouse.

Among them: 1-concentrator frame; 2-solar concentrator; 3-solar panel A; 4-micro heat exchange channel; 5-solar panel B; 6-line slot; 7-glass cover; 8- Hot air outlet; 9-vent hole; 10-bracket; 11-glass vacuum tube; 12-positioning pin; 13-receiver; 14-bearing; 15-concentrator side plate; 16-transparent window; 17-hot air duct; 18-semi-parabolic reflective surface; 19-involute reflective surface; 20-card slot; 21-fan; 22-air outlet; 23-air inlet.

Detailed ways

The present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Example 1:

This embodiment provides a tracking-free solar concentrator for photothermal photovoltaic coupling energy supply, which can realize the combined energy supply of the tracking-free concentrator ineffectively concentrating light to generate electricity and concentrating light to generate heat; the solar concentrator can be used in Winter building solar heating system, greenhouse heating system, industrial heat supply system, etc.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the tracking-free solar concentrator includes: a solar concentrator 2 , a glass vacuum tube 11 , a solar cell assembly, a glass cover 7 and a bracket 10 .

The solar concentrator 2 is a trough compound multi-curved solar concentrator, including two sections of semi-parabolic reflecting surfaces 18 with the same structure and two sections of involute reflecting surfaces 19 with the same structure; the parabolic reflecting surface means that the reflecting surface is a semi-parabola After extending for a certain length, the involute reflecting surface means that the reflecting surface is obtained after extending a certain length with an involute. The structure of the solar concentrator 2 is shown in FIG. 2 . After the two sections of semi-parabolic reflective surfaces 18 are symmetrically arranged, their bottoms are connected to one end of the two sections of involute reflective surfaces 19 respectively, and the other ends of the two sections of involute reflective surfaces 19 are connected together, thereby forming the top and front and rear openings. shell structure. The top opening is the opening of the solar concentrator 2 opposite to the two sections of the involute reflecting surfaces 19. The top opening of the solar concentrator 2 is the light entrance, the light entrance is covered with the glass cover plate 7, and at the same time the solar concentrator Condenser side plates 15 are installed at the openings at the front and rear ends of the optical device 2 .

Inside the glass vacuum tube 11, a metal straight-through tube is coaxially arranged as the receiver 13, and a heat-conducting medium (such as air or heat-conducting oil) is passed through the straight-through tube, and fins are arranged on the outer circumference of the receiver 13 to absorb more concentrated sun rays. Light, absorbed on both sides. The glass vacuum tube 11 is supported at the focal spot position of the solar concentrator 2 by the bracket 10 , and the axis of the glass vacuum tube 11 is consistent with the length direction of the parabolic reflecting surface 18 and the involute reflecting surface 19 . Specifically, the two axial ends of the glass vacuum tube 11 protrude from the concentrator side plates 15 at the front and rear ends of the solar concentrator 2 respectively, and are supported on the brackets 10 at the front and rear ends through the bearings 14, so that the solar concentrator 2 can wrap around the glass. The axis of the vacuum tube 11 rotates, and after rotating to the set angle, the solar concentrator 2 is fixed by the positioning pin 12, that is, the solar concentrator 2 and the bracket 10 are fixedly connected by the positioning pin 12, so as to realize the solar concentrator 2 free of charge. Track fixed placement.

On the inner side of the glass cover plate 7 (the side facing the inside of the solar concentrator 2 ), a plurality of parallel strip-shaped card slots 20 are arranged, and the card slots 20 are used for installing solar cell modules; 18 and the longitudinal direction of the involute reflecting surface 19 are the same. A group of double-sided solar cell assemblies are installed in each card slot 20, and the double-sided solar cell assemblies are formed by connecting two solar cell panels facing each other. Light-transmitting windows 16 are provided on the concentrator side plates 15 at the front and rear ends of the solar concentrator 2, and the position of the light-transmitting windows 16 is opposite to the position of the solar cell components inside the solar concentrator 2, which is conducive to the incident sunlight at a large azimuth angle. When the solar cell module is irradiated, the electric energy generated by the solar cell module is outputted by the wires arranged in the wire slot 6 on the side plate 15 of the concentrator at the other end. The light-transmitting window 16 can also be provided on only one end of the concentrator side plate 15. When in use, the installation orientation of the solar concentrator can be adjusted so that the end with the light-transmitting window 16 faces east.

When the solar concentrator operates in winter and spring, the altitude angle of the sun is low. When the sunlight is incident at a large azimuth angle, the sunlight passing through the light-transmitting window 16 on the side of the solar concentrator 2 is absorbed by the lower surface of the inner side of the glass cover 7 . A plurality of solar cell modules receive and generate electric energy and output it to the outside world; as the sun azimuth angle decreases, the sun altitude angle increases and the solar irradiance increases, the light passing through the glass cover 7 and the solar cell modules is concentrated by the solar energy The receiver 2 converges on the receiver 13 in the glass vacuum tube 11 to provide thermal energy for the heat conduction medium in the receiver 13, thereby realizing the external output of thermal energy. The light not received by the glass vacuum tube 11 is reflected by the reflective surface of the solar concentrator 2 The solar cell module outputs electric energy to the outside; at this time, the solar energy received by the solar cell module is reduced, and the solar energy received by the glass vacuum tube 11 is increased.

When running in summer and autumn, the sun altitude angle is large, and the solar irradiance value is large at this time, most of the solar incident declination angle is greater than the receiving half angle of the concentrator, and most of the sunlight entering the solar concentrator 2 is absorbed by the solar cell module. It receives and outputs electrical energy to the outside; the sunlight converging on the receiver 13 in the glass vacuum tube 11 is only a small part of the light entering the concentrator 2, which effectively overcomes the problem that the receiver is overheated and damaged when the concentrator does not output thermal energy to the outside. The disadvantage is that the utilization efficiency of solar energy and the total energy supply of the device are improved, and the service life and effective operation time of the concentrator are prolonged.

Figure 2 is the light path diagram of the solar concentrator 2 when sunlight is normally incident, and its operation principle is explained as follows:

The light rays b and c are respectively incident on the upper and lower end points of the semi-parabolic reflective surface 18 of the solar concentrator 2 , and after being reflected, they converge on the glass vacuum tube 11 , and the light rays on the entire parabolic reflective surface are reflected on the glass vacuum tube 11 . , the light a is incident on the involute reflecting surface 19 at the bottom of the concentrator 2, and after being reflected, it converges on the glass vacuum tube 11, and the concentrated solar rays together increase the operating temperature of the heat conduction medium in the receiver 13 in the glass vacuum tube 11, External heat output.

Fig. 3 is the light path diagram of the solar concentrator 2 with the incident angle of sunlight incident less than the receiving half angle, and its operation principle is explained as follows:

The oblique incident light rays d, e, and f less than the receiving half angle of the concentrator enter the concentrator 2 through the glass cover plate 7 of the concentrator along the upper and lower edges of the two adjacent double-sided solar cell modules, and pass through the semi-parabolic reflective surface 18. After being reflected by the involute reflective surface 19, it is received by the glass vacuum tube 11, and the concentrated solar rays together raise the operating temperature of the heat conduction medium in the receiver 13 in the glass vacuum tube 11, and output heat energy to the outside; the incident sunlight that is not received by the glass vacuum tube 11 After the light is reflected by the semi-parabolic reflective surface 18 and the involute reflective surface 19, it is received by the double-sided solar cell assembly and outputs electrical energy to the outside.

Fig. 4 is the light path diagram of the solar concentrator 2 with the incident declination angle greater than the receiving half angle, and its operation principle is explained as follows:

The oblique incident light rays g and h larger than the receiving half angle of the concentrator enter the concentrator 2 through the glass cover plate 7 of the concentrator, are received by the double-sided solar cell module, and the incident light passing through the gap between the adjacent double-sided solar cell modules After being reflected by the semi-parabolic reflective surface 18 and the involute reflective surface 19, i continues to be received by the double-sided solar cell assembly, and mainly outputs electrical energy to the outside.

Example 2:

On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment 1, in order to realize the automatic defrosting function, the hot air channel 17 and the micro heat exchange channel 4) are further provided, specifically:

Each solar cell assembly is formed by the back-to-back connection of solar cell panel A5 and solar cell panel B3; wherein the solar cell panel A5 and the solar cell panel B3 are arranged in a high and low position, the solar cell panel A5 is clamped with the card slot 20, and the solar cell panel There is a gap between B3 and the end face of the card slot 20 to form a hot air duct 17; the gap between the solar panel A5 and the back of the solar panel B3 forms a micro heat exchange channel 4, which can realize the natural convection heat transfer of the internal air.

At the same time, the solar concentrator 2 is provided with a hot air port 8 and a plurality of ventilation holes 9, and the hot air generated by the solar cell assembly passes through the hot air duct 17, along the glass cover 7, through the hot air port 8 and the ventilation holes 9 to be discharged from the solar concentrator. 2 outside. Specifically: a concentrator frame 1 extends outward from the top of the semi-parabolic reflective surface 18 used to form the solar concentrator 2, and a hot air channel 8 is provided in the concentrator frame 1 on the side where the solar cell panel B3 is located, The hot air channel 8 is located in the concentrator frame 1 and extends along its length direction, and the hot air channel 8 is communicated with the outside; In the ventilation holes 9 of the channel 8 , the axis of the ventilation holes 9 is perpendicular to the axis of the hot air channel 8 , and a plurality of ventilation holes 9 are distributed along the length of the concentrator frame 1 at intervals. Therefore, the hot air port 8 and the plurality of ventilation holes 9 are all in the plane parallel to the glass cover plate 7 inside the concentrator frame 1. Using such ventilation holes 9 and hot air ports 8 can ensure good ventilation while avoiding the Rainwater enters the interior of the solar concentrator 2 .

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the micro heat exchange channel, and its operation principle is explained as follows:

The solar concentrator can be defrosted automatically. When running in winter and spring, the altitude angle of the sun is low. When the sunlight is incident at a large azimuth angle, the sunlight passing through the light-transmitting window 16 on the side of the solar concentrator 2 is located on the glass cover. 7. Multiple solar cell modules on the lower surface of the inner side receive and generate electrical energy and output it externally; at the same time, the air in the micro heat exchange channel 4 between the backs of the solar cell modules absorbs the heat of the backside of the solar cell module for power generation and rises through the hot air duct after being heated. 17 Moves along the inner surface of the glass cover 7 to ablate the frost on the glass cover 7 to improve the light transmission performance of the glass cover; finally, the heated gas is discharged from the exhaust hole 9 along the glass cover through the hot air port 8 to the condenser. .

Example 3:

On the basis of the above Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, in this embodiment, solar cell modules of different sizes are arranged inside the glass cover plate 7 . As shown in FIG. 6 , the inner surface of the glass cover plate 7 is centered on the concentrator 2 . The bifacial solar cell modules with larger area are arranged in the position, and the area of the bifacial solar cell modules is gradually reduced along the lateral direction of the concentrator 2, which can improve the ablation ability of the concentrator 2 to frost and increase the size of the concentrator 2. The ratio of external power output to reduce the amount of light escaping from the concentrator.

Example 4:

FIG. 7 is an arrangement and installation diagram of the tracking-free solar concentrators for photovoltaic light-heat combined energy supply described in Examples 1-3 arranged on the ground in front of the greenhouse.

Multiple photovoltaic photothermal combined energy supply tracking-free solar concentrators are placed in series (that is, the receivers are connected in series through the pipeline) and placed on the ground in front of the greenhouse. Air is used as the heat transfer medium, and one end of the series pipeline extends into the greenhouse as a The air outlet 22, the other end extends into the greenhouse as an air inlet 23, and a fan 21 is installed on the pipeline at the end of the air outlet 22, and the air in the greenhouse is driven by the fan 21 and enters the series concentrator through the air inlet 23 to be heated. The temperature rises and enters the greenhouse through the air outlet 22 to increase the temperature in the greenhouse.

In conclusion, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A photothermal photovoltaic coupling energy supply tracking-free solar concentrator, characterized in that: comprising: a solar concentrator (2), a glass vacuum tube (11), a solar cell assembly, a glass cover plate (7) and a bracket ( 10); The solar concentrator (2) is a trough-type compound multi-curved solar concentrator, comprising two sections of semi-parabolic reflecting surfaces (18) and two sections of involute reflecting surfaces (19); wherein the two sections of semi-parabolic reflecting surfaces (18) ) after the left and right are symmetrically arranged, its bottom is respectively connected with one end of the two involute reflecting surfaces (19), and the other ends of the two involute reflecting surfaces (19) are connected together, thereby forming a shell with an open top and front and rear surfaces. structure; The top opening of the solar concentrator (2) is a light entrance, the light entrance is covered with a glass cover plate (7), and the concentrator side is installed at the openings at the front and rear ends of the solar concentrator (2). plate (15); The glass vacuum tube (11) is coaxially provided with a straight-through tube as a receiver (13), and a heat-conducting medium is communicated in the straight-through tube for externally outputting thermal energy; fins are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the receiver (13); The glass vacuum tube (11) is installed at the focal spot position of the solar concentrator (2); Two or more strip-shaped card slots (20) parallel to each other are arranged on the inner side of the glass cover plate (7); a group of double-sided solar cell assemblies are installed in each card slot (20), at least one end of which is on the side of the concentrator The plate (15) is provided with a light-transmitting window (16), and the position of the light-transmitting window (16) is opposite to the position of the solar cell assembly inside the solar concentrator (2); the electric energy generated by the solar cell assembly is set by The wire output in the wire slot (6) on the side plate (15) of the concentrator at one end. 2. The photothermal photovoltaic coupled energy supply tracking-free solar concentrator according to claim 1, wherein the double-sided solar cell assembly is composed of a solar cell panel A (5) and a solar cell panel B (3) panels The solar cell panel A (5) and the solar cell panel B (3) are arranged in a high and low position, wherein the solar cell panel A (5) is clamped with the card slot (20), and the solar cell panel B (3) There is a gap with the end face of the card slot (20) to form a hot air duct (17); the gap between the back of the solar panel A (5) and the back of the solar panel B (3) forms a micro heat exchange channel (4) ; During the power generation process of the double-sided solar cell module, the air in the micro heat exchange channel (4) is heated and rises through the hot air channel (17) to move along the inner surface of the glass cover plate (7), and the air in the glass cover plate (7) The frost is ablated; finally the gas is discharged from the solar concentrator (2) along the exhaust channel. 3. The photothermal photovoltaic coupled energy supply tracking-free solar concentrator according to claim 2, wherein the exhaust passage comprises: a hot air port (8) and more than two ventilation holes (9); A concentrator frame (1) extends outward from the top of the semi-parabolic reflective surface (18), and a hot air port (8) is arranged in the concentrator frame (1) on the side where the solar cell panel B (3) is located. , the hot air port (8) communicates with the outside world; at the same time, more than two ventilation holes ( 9), the hot air port (8) and the ventilation hole (9) are in a plane parallel to the glass cover plate (7) inside the concentrator frame (1). 4. The photothermal photovoltaic coupling energy supply tracking-free solar concentrator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the size of the solar cell assembly located at the center position of the inner surface of the glass cover plate (7) is the largest, and its The size of the solar cell modules on both sides decreases proportionally. 5. The photothermal photovoltaic coupling energy supply tracking-free solar concentrator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the two axial ends of the glass vacuum tube (11) respectively protrude from the solar concentrator (2) After the concentrator side plates (15) at the front and rear ends are supported on the brackets (10) at the front and rear ends through the bearings (14), the solar concentrator (2) can rotate around the axis of the glass vacuum tube (11) and rotate to After setting the angle, the solar concentrator (2) is positioned by the positioning pin (12).

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