JPH1098062A - ウエッジボンディング用金合金線 - Google Patents
ウエッジボンディング用金合金線Info
- Publication number
- JPH1098062A JPH1098062A JP9206161A JP20616197A JPH1098062A JP H1098062 A JPH1098062 A JP H1098062A JP 9206161 A JP9206161 A JP 9206161A JP 20616197 A JP20616197 A JP 20616197A JP H1098062 A JPH1098062 A JP H1098062A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- bonding
- wire
- gold alloy
- alloy wire
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
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Abstract
能にする接合強度を得ること。 【解決手段】 カルシウム(Ca)を1〜100重量pp
m 、さらにパラジウム(Pd)、銀(Ag)、白金(P
t)のうち少なくとも1種を0.2〜5.0重量%含有
し残部が金及び不可避不純物からなる組成を有する金合
金線であって該金合金線の引張強さが33.0kg/mm2
以上、伸び率が1〜3%であるウエッジボンディング用
金合金線。さらにMg,Y,La,Eu,Ge,Beの
うち少なくとも1種を1〜100重量ppm 添加してもよ
い。
Description
グ用金合金線に係り、高温接合強度に優れてICチップ
の高密度配線用として好適な金合金線に向けられる。
場合、ワイヤーを介して配線するワイヤーボンディング
方法が知られている。この中でもICチップのAl電極
とワイヤーを接合する方式により、超音波併用熱圧着接
合及び超音波接合が主流を占めている。
ヘッドボンディング方法により行われている。ネールヘ
ッドボンディング方法による接合法を図1を用いて説明
する。図1(a)に示す様にワイヤー2をキャピラリー
1に挿通しその先端に電気トーチ3を対向させ、ワイヤ
ー2との間で放電させることにより、ワイヤー2の先端
を加熱、溶融してボール4を形成する。
ー1を下降させて該ボール4をICチップ6上のAl電
極5の上に押圧接合する。この時図示しないが超音波振
動がキャピラリー1を通して付加されると共に、ICチ
ップ6はヒーターブロックで加熱されるため上記ボール
4は熱圧着され圧着ボール4′となる。次いで図1
(c)に示すようにキャピラリー1は所定の軌跡を描い
て、外部配線8の上に移動し、下降する。この時図示し
ないが超音波振動がキャピラリー1を通して付加され、
外部配線8はヒーターブロックで加熱されるためワイヤ
ー2側面が熱圧着される。
7はワイヤー2をクランプしたまま上昇することによ
り、ワイヤー2が切断され配線が完了する。一方超音波
接合は通常振動を接合部へ伝えるのに最適なウエッジボ
ンディング方法により行われている。これはウエッジ状
ツールを用いる方法である。ウエッジボンディング方式
による接合法を図2を用いて説明する。
ッジ11下端部に挿通し、この下方にICチップ16上
のAl電極15を移動する。次いで図2(b)に示すよ
うにウエッジ11を下降させて常温のまま超音波振動を
付加してワイヤー12をAl電極15に接合する。次い
で図2(c)に示すようにクランパー17が開放され、
ウエッジ11は所定の軌跡を描いて、外部配線18の上
に移動し、下降する。この時図示しないが常温のまま超
音波振動がウエッジ11を通して付加され、ワイヤー1
2を外部配線18に接合する。
17はワイヤー2をクランプしたままウエッジ11が上
昇することにより、ワイヤー12が切断され配線が完了
する。前記ネールヘッドボンディング方法は生産性に優
れている為好ましい方法であるが、熱を用いる為ワイヤ
ー材料として金合金線を用いて使用され、酸化し易いア
ルミ合金線には不適である。
1 がワイヤー外径Dの3〜4倍になることが微細な配線
を行う際のネックになるという限界を有している。次の
ウエッジボンディング方法は生産性は低下するものの室
温で処理出来る為ワイヤー材料としてアルミ合金線を用
いて使用されている。また図3(b)に示す様につぶれ
幅L2 がワイヤー外径Dの1.5〜2.5倍に抑制出来
るという特徴を有している。
は他の材料と対比して耐蝕性に優れている為、半導体装
置の耐蝕性に対する信頼性を確保する面で配線材料とし
て最も好ましい材料である。一方最近の半導体装置に対
して高密度配線が要求されている。これの対応として金
合金線とICチップ電極との接合部の配線方向と直角方
向での拡がりを小さくすることが必要である。
てネールヘッドボンディングを行うに当たって、圧着ボ
ールの外径を小さくする事が試みられたがその大きさに
も限度がある。
従来からネールヘッドボンディング用として提案されて
いる金合金線を用いてICチップ電極にウエッジボンデ
ィングを行ってみたところ、接合部の配線方向と直角方
向での拡がりはネールヘッドボンディング方法と対比し
て小さくすることは出来るものの、ICチップの作動状
態を考えて高温状態に晒した後の接合部での接合強度
(以下高温接合強度という)が小さく半導体装置の信頼
性が低下するという問題が生じてきた。
ICチップ電極にウエッジボンディングを行うことによ
り、配線方向と直角方向での接合部の拡がりを小さくし
て高密度配線に対応するとともに高温接合強度を向上さ
せて半導体装置の信頼性を向上させることの出来る金合
金線を提供する事を目的とする。
重ねた結果、高純度金に所定量のCa及び所定量のP
d,Ag,Ptのうち少なくとも1種を共存し、通常の
ネールヘッドボンディング用金合金線より伸び率を小さ
くし且つ引張り強さを大きくした金合金線とすることに
より、前記組成と材料特性の相乗効果によって前述の目
的を達成し得ることを知見し、本発明を完成するに至っ
た。
(Ca)を1〜100重量ppm 、さらにパラジウム(P
d)、銀(Ag)、白金(Pt)のうち少なくとも1種
を0.2〜5.0重量%含有し、残部が金及び不可避不
純物からなる組成を有する金合金線であって該金合金線
の引張強さが33.0kg/mm2 以上、伸び率が1〜3%
であることを特徴とするウエッジボンディング用金合金
線が提供される。
Ge,Beのうち少なくとも1種を1〜100重量ppm
添加することができる。
金合金線は高純度金に所定量のCaとPd,Ag,Pt
のうち少なくとも1種を含有した組成を有し、伸び率を
小さくし、引張り強さを大きくすることを特徴とする。 (1)組成 原料高純度金としては少なくとも99.99重量%
以上、好ましくは99.995重量%以上、最も好まし
くは99.999重量%以上に精製した高純度金が用い
られる。
g,Ptのうち少なくとも1種を共存した組成にすると
ともに所定の伸び率及び引張り強さとすることにより、
その相乗効果によって高温接合強度を向上させる事がで
きる。 (b)Ca含有量が1重量ppm 未満になると1重量ppm
以上と対比して高温接合強度は小さくなる。Ca含有量
が100重量ppm を超えるとICチップに割れが生じる
為、これを避けるため不十分な接合しか出来なくなり高
温接合強度は小さくなる。
の条件のもとに1〜100重量ppmと定めた。好ましく
は1〜50重量ppm である。 (c)この効果は上記所定量のCaとPd,Ag,Pt
のうち少なくとも1種の共存に加えて、Mg,Y,L
a,Eu,Ge,Beのうち少なくとも1種の成分を1
〜100重量ppm の範囲内で添加しても所定の伸び率及
び引張り強さを有する金合金線であれば所定量のCa及
びPd,Ag,Ptのうち少なくとも1種を共存した効
果が維持され高温接合強度を向上させる事ができる。
なくとも1種を所定量添加し、所定量のCaを添加しな
い場合、所定の伸び率及び引張り強さを有しても高温接
合強度は小さくなる。 〔Pd,Ag,Pt〕 (a)前記高純度金に上記所定量のCaとPd,Ag,
Ptのうち少なくとも1種を共存して所定量の金純度を
有する組成にするとともに所定の伸び率及び引張り強さ
とすることにより、その相乗効果によって高温接合強度
を向上させる事ができる。
1種が0.2重量%未満になると0.2重量%以上と対
比して高温接合強度は小さくなる。5.0重量ppm を超
えるとICチップに割れが生じる為、これを避けるため
不十分な接合しか出来なくなり高温接合強度は小さくな
る。この為Pd,Ag,Ptのうち少なくとも1種の含
有量は所定の伸び率及び引張り強さの条件のもとに0.
2〜5.0重量%と定めた。本発明の金合金線は、出発
高純度金にやはり高純度の添加元素を添加することによ
り、得られる金合金線の不純物量を制御することができ
る。添加元素も99.99重量%以上、さらには99.
995重量%以上、99.999重量%以上にすること
ができるので、得られる金合金線の不純物を100重量
ppm 以下、さらには20重量ppm 以下にすることができ
る。 (2)伸び率 上記所定量のCaとPd,Ag,Ptのうち少なく
とも1種を含有し残部が金及び不可避不純物からなる組
成にし、所定の引張り強さにするとともに伸び率を1〜
3%とすることにより、その相乗効果によって高温接合
強度を向上させる事ができる。本発明に於いて伸び率
は、室温で、金合金線を標点距離を100mmとして引張
速度10mm/分で引張試験機で引っ張り、破断した時の
伸び量を測定して次式の値を伸び率とする。
することが好ましい。
は小さくなる。この為伸び率は1〜3%と定めた。好ま
しくは2〜3%である。 (3)引張り強さ 上記所定量のCaとPd,Ag,Ptのうち少なく
とも1種を含有し残部が金及び不可避不純物からなる組
成にし、所定の伸び率にするとともに引張り強さを3
3.0kg/mm2 以上とすることにより、その相乗効果に
よって高温接合強度を向上させる事ができる。
なると33.0kg/mm2 以上と対比して、高温接合強度
は小さくなる。この為引張り強さは33.0kg/mm2 以
上と定めた。好ましくは33.0〜70.0kg/mm2 で
あり、さらに好ましくは33.0〜63.0kg/mm2 で
ある。 (4)金合金線の製造方法 本発明になる金合金線の好ましい製造方法を説明する。
炉で溶解した後インゴットに鋳造する。該当インゴット
に溝ロール、伸線機を用いた冷間加工と中間アニールを
施し、最終冷間加工により直径10〜100μmの細線
とした後最終アニールを施すものである。ここで本発明
になる合金組成の場合、最終アニールの温度が上昇する
につれて伸び率は1〜3%を維持したまま、引張り強さ
が徐々に低下する温度領域がある。また同一組成であっ
ても最終冷間加工率の大きさによって引張り強さは変わ
ってくる。この為最終冷間加工率と最終アニール温度を
制御して伸び率と引張り強さを調整する。このようにし
て伸び率は1〜3%を維持し、引張り強さが33.0kg
/mm2 以上、好ましくは33.0〜70.0kg/mm2 と
なる温度領域でアニールする事が必要である。更にアニ
ール温度が上昇すると伸び率が4%以上となり引張り強
さは更に低下してくる。従来から使用されているネール
ヘッドボンディング用の金合金線は伸び率が4%以上の
ものが使用されているが本発明になる金合金線では所定
の引張り強さと1〜3%伸び率を与えるために、合金組
成に対応した最終冷間加工率を調整し更に低い温度領域
でアニールする。 (5)用途 本発明になるウエッジボンディング用金合金線はICチ
ップをリードに接続する方法及びICチップを直接基板
に接続するリードレスで接続する方法の何れに用いても
好適である。なお、ここでいうウエッジボンディングと
は、ICチップの電極、例えばAl電極と外部リードや
他の電極をワイヤーで配線する際、ワイヤーと電極部の
接合がファーストボンド、セカンドボンド共にボールを
形成することなく、ウエッジ状ツールを用いてワイヤー
側面を圧着して接合するボンディングであり、必要に応
じてウエッジ状ツールを介して超音波を印加したり電極
部を加熱する。
を行った後高温接合強度に優れている理由は明らかでは
ないが、有効元素としてのCaが添加されていること、
有害元素がその含有量を規制されていること、又伸び率
が小さく、引張り強さが大きいことがウエッジボンディ
ングによる超音波接合を行う際、材料の不必要な変形を
阻止することと相まって生成されるAu−Al金属間化
合物が熱的に安定なものが得られているためではないか
と考えられる。
明する。 (実施例1)純度99.999重量%の高純度金に所定
量のCa及びPdを添加し真空溶解炉で溶解した後鋳造
して表1に示す組成の金合金、即ち1重量ppm Ca、
1.0重量%Pd、残部が金及び不可避不純物からなる
組成の金インゴットを得、これに溝ロール、伸線機を用
いた冷間加工と中間アニールを施し、最終線径25μm
とし、最終アニールにより引張り強さが39.8kg/mm
2 、伸び率2〜3%になるように仕上げた。
(新川株式会社製 SWB−FA−US30)を用いて
前述の図2に示す方法でICチップのAl電極上及び外
部配線上に超音波ボンディングを行った。この時ICチ
ップ側のボンディングはボンディング荷重を45g、ボ
ンディング時間を30ms、ボンディングパワーを0.6
4wの条件で行った。
炉で100時間保持した。次いで試料を炉から取り出
し、外部配線側でワイヤーを切断し次の方法でICチッ
プ側の高温接合強度を測定した。即ちICチップ側を治
具で固定し、ワイヤーを上方に引っ張り破断荷重を測定
した。10個の平均値を測定値とし、測定結果を表1に
示す。 (実施例2〜50、比較例1〜26)金及び金合金線の
組成、伸び率及び引張り強さを表1に示すようにしたこ
と以外は実施例1と同様にして細線に仕上げ、超音波ボ
ンディングを行った後高温接合強度を測定した。
〜5.0重量%のPd,Ag,Ptのうち少なくとも1
種を添加した組成であって、伸び率2〜3%、引張強さ
39.1〜41.5kg/mm2 である実施例1〜23は高
温接合強度が3.5〜5.1gと優れた効果を示した。
のとき高温接合強度が4.1〜5.1gである為好まし
く用いられる。 (2)前記組成にMg,Y,La,Eu,Ge,Beの
うち少なくとも1種を所定量添加して、伸び率1〜3%
(2〜3%)、引張強さ39.2〜41.5kg/mm2 で
ある実施例24〜42は高温接合強度が4.3〜5.1
gであり、同様に優れた効果を示していることが判る。
成及び伸び率を有し、引張強さが33.0〜60.6kg
/mm2 である実施例43〜51は高温接合強度が3.8
〜4.4gであり優れた効果を示した。 (4)本発明に係わるCa及びPd,Ag,Ptのいず
れも含有しない比較例1は高温接合強度が0.6gと悪
い事が判る。
せず、Pd,Ag,Ptのうち少なくとも1種を含有す
る比較例2〜5は高温接合強度が2.5〜2.8gと悪
い事が判る。 (6)50重量ppm のCaを含有するものの、Pd,A
g,Ptのうち少なくとも1種にかえて2.0重量%の
Cuを含有し所定の伸び率及び引張強さを有する比較例
6は高温接合強度が0.5gと悪い事が判る。
なくとも1種を含有するものの、Caの含有量が200
重量ppm である比較例7〜10は高温接合強度が1.0
〜1.4gと悪い事が判る。 (8)所定量のCaを含有するものの、Pd,Ag,P
tのうち少なくとも1種の含有量が0.11重量%であ
る比較例11〜14は高温接合強度が3.2〜3.3g
と悪い事が判る。
d,Ag,Ptのうち少なくとも1種の含有量が6.0
重量%である比較例15〜18は高温接合強度が1.2
〜1.6gと悪い事が判る。 (10)所定量のCa及びPd,Ag,Ptのうち少な
くとも1種を含有し、所定の伸び率を有するものの引張
り強さが33.0kg/mm2 未満である比較例19〜22
は高温接合強度が2.6〜2.9gと悪い事が判る。
tのうち少なくとも1種を含有し、所定の引張り強さを
有するものの伸び率が2〜3%を超える比較例23〜2
6は高温接合強度が2.0〜2.4gと悪い事が判る。
g,Ptのうち少なくとも1種を含有し残部が金及び不
可避不純物からなる組成を有し且つ所定の伸び率と引張
り強さを有するウエッジボンディング用金合金線によれ
ば高温接合強度を向上させることが出来半導体装置の信
頼性向上に効果的である。前記含有成分に加えて所定量
のMg,Y,La,Eu,Ge,Beのうち少なくとも
1種を含有した場合においても同様の効果を示すもので
ある。
明。
グ方法による接合部の形状、寸法を示す。
Claims (2)
- 【請求項1】 カルシウム(Ca)を1〜100重量pp
m 、さらにパラジウム(Pd)、銀(Ag)、白金(P
t)のうち少なくとも1種を0.2〜5.0重量%含有
し、残部が金及び不可避不純物からなる組成を有する金
合金線であって該金合金線の引張強さが33.0kg/mm
2 以上、伸び率が1〜3%であることを特徴とするウエ
ッジボンディング用金合金線。 - 【請求項2】 さらにMg,Y,La,Eu,Ge,B
eのうち少なくとも1種を1〜100重量ppm 添加した
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載のウエッジボンディング
用金合金線。
Priority Applications (1)
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JP20616197A JP3690902B2 (ja) | 1996-07-31 | 1997-07-31 | ウエッジボンディング用金合金線 |
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP8-202413 | 1996-07-31 | ||
JP20241396 | 1996-07-31 | ||
JP20616197A JP3690902B2 (ja) | 1996-07-31 | 1997-07-31 | ウエッジボンディング用金合金線 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH1098062A true JPH1098062A (ja) | 1998-04-14 |
JP3690902B2 JP3690902B2 (ja) | 2005-08-31 |
Family
ID=26513361
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP20616197A Expired - Fee Related JP3690902B2 (ja) | 1996-07-31 | 1997-07-31 | ウエッジボンディング用金合金線 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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JP (1) | JP3690902B2 (ja) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2006035803A1 (ja) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-06 | Tanaka Denshi Kogyo K.K. | Au合金ボンディング・ワイヤ |
JP2006203164A (ja) * | 2004-12-21 | 2006-08-03 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 接合性、直進性および耐樹脂流れ性に優れたボンディングワイヤ用金合金線 |
WO2009060698A1 (ja) * | 2007-11-06 | 2009-05-14 | Tanaka Denshi Kogyo K. K. | ボールボンディング用金合金線 |
JP2011142163A (ja) * | 2010-01-06 | 2011-07-21 | Tanaka Electronics Ind Co Ltd | 金(Au)合金ボンディングワイヤ |
JP2012099802A (ja) * | 2010-10-08 | 2012-05-24 | Tatsuta Electric Wire & Cable Co Ltd | ボールボンディング用ワイヤ |
WO2012117512A1 (ja) * | 2011-03-01 | 2012-09-07 | 田中電子工業株式会社 | 金(Au)合金ボンディングワイヤ |
-
1997
- 1997-07-31 JP JP20616197A patent/JP3690902B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2006035803A1 (ja) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-06 | Tanaka Denshi Kogyo K.K. | Au合金ボンディング・ワイヤ |
EP1811555A1 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2007-07-25 | Tanaka Denshi Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Au ALLOY BONDING WIRE |
EP1811555A4 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2012-06-20 | Tanaka Electronics Ind | AU-ALLOY BOND WIRE |
JP2006203164A (ja) * | 2004-12-21 | 2006-08-03 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 接合性、直進性および耐樹脂流れ性に優れたボンディングワイヤ用金合金線 |
JP4641248B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-21 | 2011-03-02 | 田中電子工業株式会社 | 接合性、直進性および耐樹脂流れ性に優れたボンディングワイヤ用金合金線 |
WO2009060698A1 (ja) * | 2007-11-06 | 2009-05-14 | Tanaka Denshi Kogyo K. K. | ボールボンディング用金合金線 |
JP2011142163A (ja) * | 2010-01-06 | 2011-07-21 | Tanaka Electronics Ind Co Ltd | 金(Au)合金ボンディングワイヤ |
JP2012099802A (ja) * | 2010-10-08 | 2012-05-24 | Tatsuta Electric Wire & Cable Co Ltd | ボールボンディング用ワイヤ |
WO2012117512A1 (ja) * | 2011-03-01 | 2012-09-07 | 田中電子工業株式会社 | 金(Au)合金ボンディングワイヤ |
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