JPH10220914A - Plate type evaporator and absorbing device of absorbing type freezer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve performance of an evaporator and performance of an absorbing device of an absorbing type freezer. SOLUTION: In the plate type evaporator or absorbing device of an absorbing type freezer in which refrigerant liquid Rw or absorbing liquid Lc is flowed along a surface of a downstream plate 26 in a film-like manner, a heat exchanging with cooled fluid C or cooling fluid W flowed at the rear surface side of the downstream plate 26 is carried out an then flowing-down refrigerant Rw is evaporated or flowing-down absorbing liquid Lc is absorbed, the surface of the flowing-down plate 26 is formed with a liquid pool section 33 extending in a width direction of the flowing-down plate 26 to cause the flowing-down liquids Rw, Lc at the liquid pool to be uniform in a lateral width direction, and with a flat surface section 34 positioned at a downstream side of the liquid pool section 33 and the flowing-down liquids Rw, Lc made uniform from the liquid pool section 33 in a lateral width direction and flowing down along the surface in their film states.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plate-type evaporator and a plate-type absorber used in an absorption refrigerator, and more particularly, to a film-shaped evaporator in which a refrigerant liquid supplied from a refrigerant supply section is formed along a surface of a falling plate. A plate-type evaporator of an absorption refrigerating machine that evaporates a flowing-down refrigerant liquid with heat exchange with a cooling-subjected fluid flowing on the back side of the falling-down plate (that is, removal of vaporized heat from the cooling-subjected fluid), and Heat-exchange with the cooling fluid flowing on the back side of the falling plate by flowing the absorbing liquid supplied from the absorbing liquid supply unit in the form of a film along the surface of the falling plate.
The present invention relates to a plate-type absorber of an absorption refrigerator that absorbs a flowing-down absorption liquid with respect to surrounding refrigerant vapor with cooling of the absorption liquid.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a plate-type evaporator or a plate-type absorber of an absorption refrigerator, the surface of a flow-down plate through which a refrigerant liquid or an absorption liquid flows down in a film state is simply a plane in a vertical posture.

[0003]

However, in this conventional structure, the refrigerant supply unit and the absorption unit are arranged so that the refrigerant liquid and the absorption liquid flow down in an ideal film state that is continuous over the entire width of the flow-down plate surface in the width direction. Although the liquid supply from the liquid supply unit is performed by equalizing as much as possible in the width direction of the falling plate, as the liquid flows down, the liquid film at the center part of the surface of the falling plate becomes wider than the two ends in the width direction. There was a tendency to become gradually thinner, and a dry portion without a liquid film, which grows wider toward the downstream side, was likely to be formed at the center of the surface of the falling plate.

Since the area of the falling liquid film on the surface of the falling plate is reduced due to the generation of the dry portion, the heat transfer between the falling liquid and the passing fluid on the back side of the falling plate (in other words, heat transfer). (E.g., exchangeability), which leads to a decrease in evaporator performance and absorber performance. In particular, the amount of liquid flowing down is generally smaller than that of absorbers. However, in the evaporator in which the water content gradually decreases, the above-mentioned dry portion tends to occur, and this problem has been remarkable.

If the thickness of the falling liquid film on the surface of the falling plate is increased by increasing the amount of the flowing liquid or the like, the occurrence of the dry portion as described above can be prevented to some extent. When the thickness is increased, the heat transfer between the falling liquid and the passing fluid on the back surface of the falling plate is reduced due to the increase in the thickness of the film itself (specifically, the difference between the surface liquid in the falling liquid film and the fluid on the back surface of the falling plate). The heat transfer between them greatly decreases), which again causes a problem that the performance of the evaporator and the performance of the absorber decrease.

[0006] In view of the above circumstances, the main problem of the present invention is to improve the flow-down plate by simply improving the flow-down plate so that the refrigerant liquid or the absorption liquid that flows down in the form of a film on the surface of the flow-down plate is made as thin as possible. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of the dry portion as described above.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

[1] According to the invention as set forth in claim 1, the liquid reservoir formed on the surface of the falling plate through which the refrigerant liquid flows causes the linear liquid pool extending in the width direction of the falling plate to be generated. Due to the liquid flow in the width direction in the liquid pool, the accumulated flow-down liquid can be leveled in the width direction of the falling plate, and in such a state that the flow-down liquid is leveled in the width direction. By flowing down from the liquid pool in the liquid reservoir to the downstream flat portion, it is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of the dry portion as described above while minimizing the thickness of the flowing liquid film, and to prevent the downstream portion of the liquid reservoir from being downstream. The flowing liquid can be caused to flow down along the surface in a good thin film state that spreads the flowing liquid uniformly and largely in the flat portion, thereby increasing the heat transfer between the flowing refrigerant liquid and the fluid to be cooled on the back surface of the flowing plate. To improve the performance of the evaporator and thus the absorption refrigerator So it can also be possible downsizing of the absorption refrigerator This performance improvement.

[0008] By the way, to prevent the occurrence of dry parts,
The falling plate through which the refrigerant liquid flows down may be a corrugated plate (for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 8-95481), and a thick pool portion may be formed in the flowing liquid film at each of the valleys in the corrugated plate shape. This is effective, but in this case, the thickness of the falling liquid film on the surface of the falling plate is large because there are a large number of valleys that cause a thick film portion at small intervals in the liquid flowing direction, and because of the large liquid flowing resistance due to the wave shape. On the whole and on the average, and the heat conductivity tends to decrease due to the increase in film thickness.

In this regard, according to the first aspect of the present invention,
A flat part is formed downstream of the liquid reservoir part, and the flowing liquid leveled out in the liquid reservoir part flows down along the surface of this flat part in a film form. It is possible to avoid a decrease in heat conductivity due to an increase in the overall thickness of the liquid film, and it is possible to more effectively improve the evaporator performance.

[2] According to the second aspect of the present invention, similarly to the evaporator according to the first aspect of the present invention, the falling plate formed on the surface of the falling plate through which the absorbing liquid flows is formed. By generating a linear liquid pool extending in the width direction of the liquid pool, by the liquid flow in the width direction in the liquid pool,
The accumulated flowing liquid can be leveled in the width direction of the falling plate, and the falling liquid flows down from the liquid pool in the liquid reservoir to a flat surface downstream in a state of being leveled in the width direction. By doing so, it is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of the dry portion as described above while minimizing the thickness of the falling liquid film as much as possible, and to form a good thin film that spreads the flowing liquid uniformly and largely on the flat surface downstream of the liquid reservoir. In this state, it is possible to flow down along the surface, thereby increasing the heat transfer between the flowing-down absorbing liquid and the cooling fluid on the backside of the flowing-down plate, thereby improving the performance of the absorber and hence the performance of the absorption refrigerator. And the improvement in performance also allows the absorption refrigerator to be downsized.

Further, as an advantage unique to the absorber,
In the liquid pool by the liquid pool, a liquid flow is generated to level the flowing liquid in the lateral width direction. With this liquid flow, the absorption of the rare absorbing liquid and the refrigerant vapor, in which the absorption of the refrigerant vapor has progressed, is not yet achieved. It is possible to promote the mixing with the concentrated absorbent that has not progressed, and it is possible to efficiently absorb the falling absorbent film to the surrounding refrigerant vapor in a more uniform concentration state. Can be effectively improved.

[0012] Further, the falling plate is a corrugated plate, and the absorbing liquid is caused to flow down the falling plate (Japanese Patent Application No. 8-95481).
As in the case of the evaporator according to the first aspect of the present invention, a flat portion is formed downstream of the liquid reservoir, and the flowing liquid leveled in the liquid reservoir is formed along the surface of the flat portion. In addition, since the film is caused to flow down in the form of a film, it is possible to avoid a decrease in heat conductivity due to an increase in the thickness of the flowing liquid film as a whole by a corrugated plate type, and it is possible to more effectively improve the absorber performance.

[3] According to the third aspect of the present invention, the liquid flowing down from the upstream (the refrigerant liquid and the absorbing liquid in the evaporator) at the upper edge side of the convex portion extending in the width direction of the flowing plate as the liquid reservoir. In the form of receiving the absorbing liquid, a linear liquid pool extending in the width direction of the falling plate can be generated at the upper edge side, and the flowing liquid is leveled in the liquid pool in the width direction. In this state, the flowing liquid can flow over the convex part and flow down to the downstream flat part, thereby effectively preventing the generation of dry parts while keeping the thickness of the flowing liquid film as small as possible. Thus, the flowing liquid can be caused to flow down in a good thin film state in which the flowing liquid spreads uniformly and largely on the flat portion downstream of the convex portion.

[4] According to the invention as set forth in claim 4, the height of the convex portion as the liquid reservoir is set to 0.5 to 5.0 mm, so that the thickness of the falling liquid film is minimized. However, it is intended to prevent the formation of dry parts, and to allow the flowing liquid (refrigerant liquid in the evaporator, absorbing liquid in the absorber) to flow down in a good thin film state that spreads uniformly and largely on the flat part downstream of the convex part. The objectives could be achieved effectively and this was confirmed by experiments.

[5] According to the invention as set forth in claim 5, the width of the convex portion as the liquid reservoir in the liquid flowing direction is 1 to 1.
By setting the thickness to 0 mm, the thickness of the flowing liquid film is made as small as possible, while preventing the formation of a dry portion, and the flowing liquid (refrigerant liquid in the evaporator, absorbing liquid in the absorber) in the flat portion downstream of the convex portion. It was possible to effectively achieve the intended purpose of flowing down in a good thin film state, which spreads uniformly and widely, and this was confirmed by experiments.

[6] According to the invention as set forth in claim 6, the liquid flowing down from the upstream (the refrigerant liquid in the evaporator, the absorber, etc.) is inserted into the groove-shaped concave portion extending in the width direction of the falling plate as the liquid reservoir. In this case, a linear liquid pool extending in the width direction of the falling plate can be generated inside the recess, and the flowing liquid is leveled in the width direction in the liquid pool. In this state, the flowing liquid can flow down to the flat portion downstream of the concave portion, whereby the thickness of the flowing liquid film can be reduced as much as possible while effectively preventing the generation of a dry portion, and the concave portion can be formed. The flowing liquid can flow down in a good thin film state that spreads uniformly uniformly and largely on the downstream flat surface.

[7] According to the invention as set forth in claim 7, in each of the set of the liquid reservoir and the flat portion formed on the surface of the falling plate over a plurality of stages in the liquid flowing direction, the flattening in the liquid reservoir is performed. In this way, the flowing liquid (refrigerant liquid in the evaporator, absorbing liquid in the absorber) can flow down in a good thin film state that spreads uniformly and uniformly on the flat surface downstream of each of the liquid reservoirs. In the case where the length of the liquid flowing down is increased, it is possible to more effectively prevent the dry portion from being generated in the entire flowing plate.

[8] According to the invention as set forth in claim 8, in the evaporator in which the amount of liquid flowing down is smaller than that of the absorber, the set of the liquid reservoir and the plane portion downstream therefrom flows down in a plurality of stages in the liquid flowing direction. In forming on the plate surface, by setting the interval between the liquid reservoirs in the liquid flowing direction to 10 to 50 mm,
The formation of multiple layers of liquid reservoirs prevents the thickening of the flowing liquid film due to the increase in liquid flowing resistance, and ensures the prevention of dry parts on the entire flowing plate, which was confirmed by experiments. Was done.

Since it is important to provide a flat portion on the downstream side of each liquid reservoir, the width of the liquid reservoir in the liquid flowing direction and the distance between the liquid reservoirs must be sufficient in the liquid flowing direction. The formation of a flat portion of an appropriate length downstream of each liquid reservoir is selected as a priority condition.

[0020]

[9] According to the invention as set forth in claim 9, in the absorber in which the amount of flowing liquid is larger than that of the evaporator, the set of the liquid reservoir and the downstream flat surface is formed on the surface of the flowing plate over a plurality of stages in the liquid flowing direction. In forming, by setting the interval between the liquid reservoirs in the liquid flowing direction to 10 to 150 mm,
It is possible to prevent the flowing liquid film from being thickened by increasing the liquid flowing resistance due to the formation of a plurality of liquid reservoirs, and also to use a rare absorbing liquid and a concentrated absorbing liquid in the liquid reservoir as an advantage unique to the absorber. While ensuring a high mixing effect, it was possible to reliably prevent the occurrence of a dry portion in the entire falling plate, and this was confirmed by experiments.

Also, in this case, it is important to provide a flat portion downstream of each liquid reservoir as in the case of the embodiment of the present invention. The width and the distance between the liquid reservoirs in (1) are selected as a priority condition that a plane portion having a sufficient length in the liquid flowing direction is formed downstream of each liquid reservoir.

[10] According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, even if the liquid reservoir is formed, the flow-down liquid film at the center in the width direction of the surface of the flow-down plate tends to become thinner to some extent. On the other hand, the liquid reservoir is divided into a plurality of portions in the width direction of the falling plate, and the divided portion passes a flowing liquid (a refrigerant liquid in an evaporator and an absorbing liquid in an absorber) without forming a liquid pool. By making it a downflow path, with the replenishment of an appropriate amount of liquid passing through this bypass downflow path, in cooperation with the leveling in the liquid storage section, it is possible to further reduce the thickness of the flowing liquid film at the center of the downflow plate. Thus, it is possible to further reliably prevent the occurrence of a dry portion.

[11] According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, when the invention of the seventh aspect and the invention of the tenth aspect are combined to ensure the prevention of generation of a dry portion, the liquid flows in the downward direction. In the adjacent liquid reservoir, the formation position is shifted in the width direction of the flow-down plate to form the above-mentioned dividing portion, so that the liquid passing through the bypass downflow path in the upstream dividing portion and the bypass flowing down in the downstream dividing portion are formed. It is possible to prevent the liquid passing through the passage from overlapping and locally forming a portion having a large flowing liquid amount (that is, a portion having a locally large liquid film thickness). Coupled with leveling,
In addition, in the state where the replenishment of the liquid downstream by each dividing part is optimized, the flowing liquid (refrigerant liquid in the evaporator, absorbing liquid in the absorber) is kept in a thin film state with a uniform liquid film thickness as much as possible and flows down well. Effect can be enhanced.

[12] According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, the lyophilic treatment applied to the surface of the falling plate prevents the generation of a dry portion together with the leveling by the liquid reservoir and prevents the flow from flowing down. The effect of spreading the liquid film into a thin film having a uniform thickness can be further enhanced.

[13] According to the invention of the thirteenth aspect, as the lyophilic treatment, the surface of the falling plate is subjected to oxidation treatment after iron plating or baking treatment of copper powder particles. Or, by selecting and applying one or more of the baking treatment of the copper alloy powder or the baking treatment of the iron powder, in cooperation with the leveling by the liquid reservoir. The purpose of the lyophilic treatment, as described above, of preventing the formation of a dry portion and expanding the falling liquid film into a thin film having a uniform thickness can be effectively achieved, and this has been confirmed by experiments.

[14] According to the invention as set forth in claim 14, as the lyophilic treatment, a large number of notch-like narrow grooves are formed on the surface of the flat portion downstream of the liquid reservoir.
By cooperating with the leveling by the liquid reservoir, the generation of dry parts is prevented, and the purpose of the lyophilic treatment of spreading the falling liquid film into a thin film of uniform thickness and spreading it on a flat surface is effectively achieved. This has been achieved and this has been confirmed by experiment.

[15] According to the invention as set forth in claim 15, the gap between the two flow-down plates, which are disposed with the plate surfaces facing each other, is provided in the flow path of the fluid to be cooled (of the evaporator). Case) or a flow path of a cooling fluid (in the case of an absorber), and the outer surface of each of these flow-down plates as the lower surface of the flow of the refrigerant liquid or the absorbing liquid. By forming, the gap between the plates is used as a channel for the fluid to be cooled or a channel for the cooling fluid for the two falling plates, combined with the downsizing due to the improvement of the heat conductivity as described above, the evaporator The size and weight of the absorber and absorber can be more effectively achieved.

In this structure, a core material fixedly connected to each of the downflow plates on both sides is interposed between the plate gaps in a state in which a flow path of the fluid to be cooled or the cooling fluid is secured, thereby providing a cooling target. Pressure resistance to the differential pressure between the gap between the plates as a flow path of the fluid or the cooling fluid and its external space (that is, the space for evaporating the refrigerant in the case of the evaporator, and the space filled with the refrigerant vapor in the case of the absorber) In addition, the core material has an appropriate structure, and the core material has a function of adjusting the flow state of the fluid to be cooled or the cooling fluid in the gap between the plates. Promotes the heat transfer between the fluid to be cooled or the cooling fluid and the two downstream plates,
It is also possible to more effectively improve the heat conductivity of the evaporator or the absorber as a whole.

[0029]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of an absorption refrigerating machine. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an absorption liquid obtained by heating a rare absorption liquid Ls containing a refrigerant R by a heater 2 to generate a refrigerant vapor Rv. L
A condenser 3 for cooling and condensing the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Rv generated in the regenerator 1 by the cooler 4, and a condenser 5 via the refrigerant supply path 6 from the condenser 3. An evaporator cools the cooled fluid C by evaporating the refrigerant liquid Rw supplied downward by removing vaporized heat from the cooled fluid C (for example, brine or water). Reference numeral 7 denotes a refrigerant vapor Rv generated in the evaporator 5. The evaporator 5 absorbs the refrigerant vapor Rv in the concentrated absorbent Lc, and the evaporator 5 and the body 8 containing the absorber 7 are decompressed by the absorption of the refrigerant vapor Rv. The evaporation is performed at a low temperature in a reduced pressure atmosphere.

Further, in the absorber 7, the absorption heat generated due to the absorption of the refrigerant is removed by the cooling water W as the cooling fluid, and then the cooling water W is supplied to the cooler 4 of the condenser 3, It is used for cooling the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Rv in the condenser 3.

In the present embodiment, water is used as the refrigerant liquid Rw, and an aqueous solution of lithium bromide is used as the absorbing liquid L.

Reference numeral 9 denotes that, while allowing the refrigerant vapor Rv to move from the evaporator region to the absorber region inside the body 8, droplets of the refrigerant liquid Rw enter the absorber region from the evaporator region. An eliminator 10 for preventing liquid droplets of the absorbing liquid L from entering the evaporator region from the absorber region is used for cooling the refrigerant liquid Rw received by the refrigerant liquid receiver 11 at the bottom of the body without being completely evaporated by the evaporator 5. A refrigerant pump 13 which is sent to the upper part of the evaporator region via the circulation path 12 and circulates and supplies the evaporator 5;
Is an absorption liquid pump that sends the diluted absorption liquid Ls received by the absorption liquid receiver 14 at the bottom of the body to the regenerator 1 via the diluted absorption liquid path 15 after absorbing the refrigerant vapor Rv by the absorber 7.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a concentrated absorption liquid passage for supplying the concentrated absorption liquid Lc from which the refrigerant R has been separated by the regenerator 1 down to the absorber 7.
Reference numeral 7 denotes an absorption liquid heat exchanger that recovers the retained heat of the concentrated absorption liquid Lc sent from the regenerator 1 to the absorber 7 and preheats the diluted absorption liquid Ls returned to the regenerator 1.

As shown in FIG. 2, the evaporator 5 and the absorber 7
Each has a plate type. The evaporator 5 has a plurality of refrigerant liquid flow-down panels 5A arranged in parallel in a vertical posture in the evaporator region inside the body 8 and a refrigerant liquid supply unit. A refrigerant liquid disperser 18 for uniformly dispersing and supplying the refrigerant liquid Rw to both surfaces of each of the refrigerant liquid flowing down panels 5A from the upper edge side in the width direction of the panel is provided. Similarly, the absorber 7 includes a body 8
And a plurality of absorbent flow-down panels 7A arranged side by side in a vertical position parallel to each other in the interior of the absorber area, and a concentrated absorbent Lc from the upper edge side to both surfaces of each absorbent flow-down panel 7A as an absorbent supply section. And an absorbing liquid dispersing device 19 for dispersing and supplying the liquid evenly in the width direction.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a support frame for supporting the refrigerant liquid falling panel 5A and the absorbing liquid flowing panel 7A, and reference numeral 21 denotes a support frame for supporting the refrigerant liquid flowing panel 5A and the absorbing liquid flowing panel 7A from the side.

Next, the specific structure of the refrigerant liquid disperser 18 and the refrigerant liquid falling panel 5A on the evaporator side, and the specific structure of the absorbent liquid disperser 19 and the absorbent liquid falling panel 7A on the absorber side will be described. Since these are almost the same structure on the evaporator side and the absorber side, FIGS. 3 and 4 showing these structures show both the evaporator side and the absorber side for simplification of explanation. There is.

Refrigerant liquid disperser 18 and absorbing liquid disperser 19
As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG.
And the main supply gutters 22A and 22B disposed above the juxtaposed row of the absorbent flow-down panels 7A and the upper edge side of the respective refrigerant liquid flow-down panels 5A and the absorbent flow-down panels 7A. A gutter-like body 24 closed at both ends for receiving a quantitative distribution supply of the refrigerant liquid Rw or the concentrated absorption liquid Lc by dropping from the main supply gutters 22A and 22B through the outflow device 23,
A large number of liquid outflow slits 25 are formed at predetermined intervals on both side walls of these gutter-like bodies 24, respectively.

That is, the refrigerant liquid R received by the gutter 24
By letting w or the concentrated absorbent Lc flow out from the multiple liquid outflow slits 25 on both side walls, the refrigerant liquid Rw is absorbed on both surfaces of each refrigerant liquid falling panel 5A, and the concentrated liquid is absorbed on both surfaces of each absorbent liquid falling panel 7A. The liquid Lc is supplied from the upper edge side in a state in which the liquid Lc is evenly dispersed in the width direction of the panel, whereby the refrigerant liquid Rw is formed along the panel surface on both surfaces of each of the refrigerant liquid flowing down panels 5A. The concentrated absorbing solution L is allowed to flow down on both surfaces of each absorbing solution flowing down panel 7A.
c is caused to flow down in a film form along the panel surface.

The main supply gutter 22A on the side of the evaporator 5 has:
The refrigerant supply path 6 from the condenser 3 and the refrigerant circulation path 12 from the refrigerant pump 10 are connected, and the concentrated supply liquid path 16 from the regenerator 1 is connected to the main supply gutter 22B on the absorber 7 side. Connected.

Outflow device 2 attached to main supply gutters 22A and 22B
As shown in FIG. 5, reference numeral 3 denotes a tubular member in which a slit 23a for communicating the internal liquid path with the outside is formed in the longitudinal direction, and the refrigerant liquid Rw or the concentrated liquid is absorbed in a state where gas enters from the slit 23a. By causing the liquid Lc to flow out,
Smooth out the liquid.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the coolant flow-down panel 5A and the absorption liquid flow-down panel 7A have a gap between the two flow-down plates 26 arranged opposite to each other. It is formed as a plate-like container structure in which the peripheral edge between the plate gaps is closed except for the fluid inlet 27a at one lower end and the fluid outlet 28a at one upper end, and the lower edge on one side is provided at the lower edge of the panel. Cooled fluid C supplied from fluid inlet 27a
And the cooling water W are distributed over the entire width of the gap between the plates, while the upper edge of the panel receives the fluid C to be cooled and the cooling water W at the full width of the gap between the plates. Forming an outlet tubular portion 28 leading to the fluid outlet 28a on one side of the upper end,
Thereby, the gap between the two flow-down plates 26 is formed between the flow path of the fluid C to be cooled in the evaporator 5 or the absorber 7.
The flow path of the cooling water W as the cooling fluid in the above.

That is, in the evaporator 5, the refrigerant liquid Rw is caused to flow down in the form of a film along both surfaces (the outer surfaces of the two flow-down plates 26) of the refrigerant liquid flow-down panel 5A. The fluid inlet 27 from the header 29 via the branch pipe 29a
is passed through the flow path between the plate gaps (that is, the back surfaces of the two flow-down plates 26) of the refrigerant flow-down panel 5A, whereby the flowing-down refrigerant liquid Rw is cooled. C is evaporated while removing heat of vaporization from C.

In the absorber 7, the concentrated absorbing liquid Lc flows down in a film form along both surfaces (the outer surfaces of the two falling plates 26) of the absorbing liquid flowing down panel 7A. Passing the cooling water W supplied from the header 30 to the fluid inlet 27a via the branch pipe 30a to the flow path between the plate gaps in the absorbing liquid flow-down panel 7A (that is, the back surface of each of the two flow-down plates 26). Then, the falling absorption liquid Lc is absorbed by the surrounding refrigerant vapor Rv while being cooled by the cooling water W.

Numeral 31 denotes a fluid outlet 2 of the refrigerant liquid falling panel 5A.
The cooled fluid discharge header 32, which collects and guides the cooled fluid C delivered from the outlet pipe 8a through the branch pipe 31a, is the cooling water W delivered from the fluid outlet 28a of the absorbent flow-down panel 7A.
Is a cooling water discharge header that is guided through the branch pipe 32a.

The outer surfaces of the two flow-down plates 26 forming the refrigerant flow-down panel 5A and the absorption liquid flow-down panel 7A, respectively,
With respect to the flow of the refrigerant liquid Rw or the absorbing liquid Lc from above, a linear liquid pool extending in the width direction of the falling plate is generated, and the flowing liquid Rw, Lc is leveled in the width direction by the liquid pool. A plurality of liquid reservoirs 33 to flow downstream are formed in a plurality of stages in the liquid flowing direction, and the downstream of each of the liquid reservoirs 33 is leveled from the liquid reservoir 33 in the lateral width direction. A flat portion 34 is formed in a vertical posture for causing the supplied flowing liquids Rw and Lc to flow down along the surface in a film state.

That is, the liquid reservoir 33 and the flat portion 3
4 is provided over a plurality of stages in the liquid flowing direction, so that the liquid film thickness of the flowing refrigerant liquid Rw and the flowing absorbing liquid Lc is minimized, but the dry film free of liquid film is formed in the center of the surface of the flowing plate. The flowing liquids Rw and Lc are caused to flow down along the surface of the flowing plate in a good thin film state which spreads uniformly and widely in a state in which the generation of the flowing liquid is effectively prevented. High heat transfer between Rw and the fluid C to be cooled on the back surface of the falling plate is ensured, and the falling liquid Lc and the cooling water W on the back surface of the falling plate are secured in the absorbing liquid falling panel 7A.
To ensure high heat transfer.

In the present embodiment, as the liquid reservoir 33, specifically, a convex portion 33a projecting outward on the surface of the flow-down plate 26 extends in the width direction of the flow-down plate. On the upper edge side, a linear liquid pool extending in the width direction of the falling plate is formed on the upper edge side in such a manner as to receive the flowing liquids Rw, Lc from the upstream, and the flowing liquids Rw, Lc are horizontally transferred in the liquid pool. In a state where the liquid Rw and Lc are leveled in the width direction, the flowing liquids Rw and Lc flow over the convex portion 33a and flow down to the vertical plane portion 34 downstream.

The height h of the projection 33a is 0.5 to 5.0 m.
m, the width d of the convex portion 33a in the liquid flowing direction is 1 to 10 m
m, the interval k between the convex portions 33a in the liquid flowing direction is
10 to 50 mm is suitable for the refrigerant liquid falling panel 5A, and 10 to 150 mm for the absorbing liquid falling panel 7A. However, since the vertical flat part 34 is required downstream of each convex part 33a, the convex part 33a is required. The width d and the distance k between the protruding portions 33a are selected from the above preferred ranges with the formation of the vertical plane portion 34 as a priority condition. So, for example,
When selecting 10 mm as the width d of the convex portion 33a,
The interval k between the projections 33a is sufficiently larger than 10 mm. Conversely, when 10 mm is selected as the interval k between the projections 33a, the width d of the projection 33a is 1 mm.
It should be sufficiently smaller than 0 mm.

The appropriate number of convex portions 33a in the middle portion of the plurality of convex portions 33a are divided into a plurality in the width direction of the falling plate, and these divided portions 35 (that is, portions where the convex portions 33a are not present) are formed. A bypass downflow path for passing the downflow liquids Rw and Lc in a state where no liquid pool is formed is provided.
Among the convex portions 33a in the middle stage where the 5 is provided, the convex portions 33a adjacent to each other in the liquid flowing down direction are shifted in their formation positions in the flowing plate horizontal width direction to form the dividing portions 35.

In other words, while the falling liquid films Rw and Lc at the center in the width direction of the falling plate surface tend to become gradually thinner, an appropriate amount of the liquid film Rw and Lc downstream through the bypass falling passage by the dividing portion 35 is used. Of the flowing liquid films Rw and Lc at the center of the flowing plate is more reliably prevented from becoming thin.

The outer surface of the falling plate 26 forming the refrigerant liquid falling panel 5A of the refrigerant liquid falling panel 5A and the absorbing liquid falling panel 7A is iron-plated as a lyophilic treatment for the refrigerant liquid Rw. Oxidation treatment, or, baking treatment of copper particles, or, baking treatment of copper alloy particles, or, and select and apply one or more of baking treatment of iron particles, As shown in FIG. 6, a large number of notched narrow grooves 36 are formed in the vertical plane portion 34, so that the effect of spreading the flowing refrigerant liquid Rw into a thin film having a uniform thickness is further enhanced.

The depth of the narrow groove 36 for the lyophilic treatment is set to 0.1.
It is preferable that the distance between the narrow grooves 36 in the liquid flowing direction is 0.3 to 3.0 mm.

The absorbing liquid flowing down panel 7A has a larger amount of liquid flowing down than the refrigerant liquid flowing down panel 5a, and has a lower possibility of producing a dry portion without a liquid film than the refrigerant liquid flowing down panel 5a. In the embodiment, the lyophilic treatment as described above for the falling plate 26 forming the absorbing liquid falling panel 7A is omitted.

In the formation of the refrigerant flow-down panel 5A and the absorption liquid flow-down panel 7A, a deck plate-shaped core 37 as shown in FIG. 7 is provided between the two flow-down plates 26 forming the panel. Are interposed in a vertical groove position, and the core material 37 is fixedly connected to each of the flow-down plates 26 on both sides by welding or brazing, so that the fluid C to be cooled in the gap between the plates inside the panel is formed. While securing the flow path and the flow path of the cooling water W, a high pressure resistance against the differential pressure between the inside and outside of the panel is ensured, and the flow of the fluid C to be cooled or the flow of the cooling water W in the gap between the plates is disturbed by the core 37. This further improves the heat conductivity of the refrigerant liquid flowing down panel 5A and the absorbing liquid flowing down panel 7A.

The vertical plane portion 34 of the falling plate 26 also functions as a portion that enables the core member 37 to be fixedly connected to the falling plate 26 by linear welding or linear brazing. A high panel strength can be ensured by this linear welding or linear brazing.

[Another Embodiment] Next, another embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 8, a convex portion 33a as a liquid reservoir 33
May be provided at an end of the end plate with an end stop portion 38 for preventing the flowing-down liquids Rw and Lc from flowing from the end to the lateral edge of the falling plate 26.

The convex portion 33a serving as the liquid reservoir 33 may be formed by pressing the falling plate 26, or may be formed by attaching a convex forming member to the falling plate 26.

Instead of providing the convex portion 33a as the liquid reservoir 33, as shown in FIGS.
A concave portion 33b that is depressed on the surface of the flow-down plate 26 may extend in the width direction of the flow-down plate, or a thin gutter-like body as the liquid reservoir 33 may be provided on the surface of the flow-down plate 26.

As shown in FIG. 11, a liquid supply tray 39 is provided as a refrigerant liquid disperser 18 and an absorbent liquid disperser 19 above the juxtaposed row of the refrigerant liquid falling panel 5A and the absorbing liquid falling panel 7A. From the liquid supply tray 39, a large number of the outflow devices 2
According to 4, the refrigerant liquid Rw and the absorption liquid Lc may be directly supplied to both surfaces of the respective refrigerant liquid falling panels 5A and the respective absorbing liquid falling panels 7A in a state of being uniformly dispersed in the panel width direction. .

In the above-described embodiment, the absorbing liquid flow-down panel 7A
Although the lyophilic treatment on the surface of the falling plate 26 that forms the cooling liquid flowing down panel 5A is omitted in some cases, the surface of the flowing down plate 26 that forms the absorbing liquid flowing down panel 7A is also omitted. The lyophilic treatment as described above may be performed.

In the above-described embodiment, a plurality of refrigerant flow-down panels 5A are arranged in parallel in the evaporator region inside the body 8, and a plurality of absorbent liquid flow-down panels 7A are arranged in the absorber region adjacent to the evaporator region. Although the structure in which the cooling liquid flow panels 5A and the absorbing liquid flow panels 7A are alternately arranged and arranged side by side may be adopted instead of this.

The refrigerant liquid Rw is not limited to water, and various other liquids can be used as the refrigerant liquid Rw.
Further, the absorbing liquid L is not limited to the aqueous lithium bromide solution, and various other liquids can be used as the absorbing liquid L.

As an additional means for making the liquid film uniform, an appropriate vibration is applied to the falling plate 26, or the notch-like narrow groove 36 formed in the flat portion 34 is formed in a fine lattice shape. Thus, the uniformity of the flowing liquid film of the refrigerant liquid Rv or the absorbing liquid Lc may be further promoted.

Although the single-effect type absorption refrigerator is described in the above embodiment, the present invention can also be used for a double-effect absorption refrigerator.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an absorption refrigerator.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an evaporator and an absorber.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a downflow panel.

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of the downflow panel.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of the outflow device.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of a downflow panel.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional plan view of the downflow panel.

FIG. 8 is a front view of a downflow panel showing another embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a front view of a downflow panel showing another embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional side view of a downflow panel showing another embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a liquid disperser showing another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 18 Refrigerant Liquid Supply Unit 19 Absorbent Liquid Supply Unit Rw Refrigerant Liquid Lc Absorbent Liquid (Dense Absorbent Liquid) 26 Descending Plate C Cooled Fluid W Cooling Fluid 33 Liquid Reservoir 34 Plane 33a Convex 33b Concave 35 Disconnect 35 Small Groove 37 core material

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. A refrigerant liquid supplied from a refrigerant supply unit is caused to flow down in a film form along the surface of a falling plate, and the flowing refrigerant liquid evaporates with heat exchange with a fluid to be cooled flowing on the back side of the falling plate. A plate-type evaporator of an absorption refrigerator, wherein a linear liquid pool extending in the width direction is formed on a surface of the flow-down plate through which the refrigerant liquid flows, and the flow-down liquid is laterally moved by the liquid pool. A liquid reservoir that is leveled in the width direction and flows downstream, and a flowing liquid that is located downstream of the liquid reservoir and that is supplied in a flattened widthwise direction from the liquid reservoir and supplied. A plate evaporator of an absorption refrigerator in which a flat portion is formed to flow down along the surface. 2. An absorption liquid supplied from an absorption liquid supply section is caused to flow down in a film form along the surface of a falling plate, and the falling absorption liquid is subjected to heat exchange with a cooling fluid flowing on the back side of the falling plate. A plate-type absorber of an absorption refrigerator that absorbs the surrounding refrigerant vapor, wherein a linear liquid pool extending in the width direction is formed on the surface of the flow-down plate through which the absorption liquid flows down, A liquid reservoir part in which the flowing liquid is leveled in the width direction in the liquid pool and flows downstream, and is located downstream of the liquid reservoir part and is leveled in the width direction from the liquid reservoir part. A plate-type absorber of an absorption refrigerator having a flat portion for causing a supplied flowing liquid to flow down along a surface in a film state. 3. The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein a convex portion protruding outward on the surface of the falling plate extends in the width direction of the falling plate as the liquid reservoir. Plate type evaporator or absorber. 4. The plate-type evaporator or absorber of an absorption refrigerator according to claim 3, wherein the height of the projection is 0.5 to 5.0 mm. 5. The width of the convex portion in the liquid flowing direction is 1 to 5.
The plate type evaporator or absorber of the absorption refrigerator according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the thickness is 10 mm. 6. The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein a groove-like concave portion that is depressed on the surface of the falling plate extends in the width direction of the falling plate as the liquid reservoir. Plate type evaporator or absorber. 7. The liquid collecting part and the flat part located downstream of the liquid collecting part are formed in a plurality of stages in the liquid flowing direction on the surface of the falling plate. 4. A plate type evaporator or an absorber of the absorption refrigerator described in the above item. 8. An interval between the liquid reservoirs in the liquid flowing direction of the refrigerant liquid is set to 10 to 50 mm, and a set of the liquid reservoir and the flat portion located downstream thereof is provided on the surface of the falling plate. 8. The plate evaporator of an absorption refrigerator according to claim 7, wherein the plate evaporator is formed in a plurality of stages in a liquid flowing direction. 9. The space between the liquid reservoirs in the liquid flowing direction of the absorbing liquid is set to 10 to 150 mm, and a set of the liquid reservoir and the flat portion located downstream thereof is provided on the surface of the falling plate. The plate-type absorber of the absorption refrigerator according to claim 7, wherein the plate-type absorber is formed in a plurality of stages in a liquid flowing direction. 10. The liquid collecting part is divided into a plurality of parts in the width direction of the falling plate, and the dividing part is formed as a bypass flow passage for passing the flowing liquid without forming a liquid pool.
The plate type evaporator or absorber of the absorption refrigerator described in any one of the above. 11. A plurality of sets of the liquid reservoir and the flat portion located downstream thereof are formed on the surface of the flow-down plate in a plurality of stages in the liquid flow-down direction, and are formed in the liquid reservoirs adjacent in the liquid flow-down direction. The plate-type evaporator or absorber of an absorption refrigerator according to claim 10, wherein the dividing portion is formed by shifting a forming position in a width direction of the falling plate. 12. The plate type evaporator or absorber of an absorption refrigerator according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the surface of the falling plate is subjected to a lyophilic treatment for the flowing liquid. 13. The lyophilic treatment, wherein the surface of the falling plate is subjected to an oxidation treatment after being plated with iron, a baking treatment of copper particles, or a baking treatment of copper alloy particles. 13. The plate type evaporator or absorber of an absorption refrigerator according to claim 12, wherein any one or a plurality of baking treatments of iron powder granules are selected and performed. 14. The plate type evaporator of an absorption refrigerator according to claim 12, wherein, as the lyophilic treatment, a large number of notched narrow grooves are formed in the surface of the flat portion. Or absorber. 15. A gap between the two flow-down plates arranged with their plate surfaces facing each other as a flow path of a cooling fluid or a cooling fluid, and an outer surface of each of the flow-down plates. As a flow lower surface of the refrigerant liquid or the absorption liquid, the liquid reservoir and the flat portion are formed on the outer surfaces thereof. In this structure, the flow path of the fluid to be cooled or the cooling fluid is provided between the plate gaps. A core material fixedly connected to each of the flow-down plates on both sides in a secured state is interposed.
15. A plate-type evaporator or an absorber of the absorption refrigerator according to any one of 14.