JPH0980773A - Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge and electrophotographic device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an electrophotographic photoreceptor excellent in solvent cracking resistance without deteriorating mechanical strength and fit for direct electrification, a process cartridge with the photoreceptor and an electrophotographic device. SOLUTION: This electrophotographic photoreceptor contains a polymer having constituent units represented by formula I or formulae I, II in the surface layer. In the formulae I, II, each of R1 -R4 is allyl, H, alkyl, etc., at least one of R1 -R4 is allyl, each of R5 -R7 is H, alkyl, etc., and each of X1 -X3 is alkylene.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor, a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus, and more specifically, an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer containing a specific resin,
And a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus having the photoconductor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An electrophotographic photosensitive member is disclosed in US Pat.
As shown in Japanese Patent No. 91, a photoconductive material is used, which comprises a support coated with an insulating substance in the dark, the electric resistance of which changes depending on the amount of irradiation received during image exposure. The basic characteristics required for an electrophotographic photoreceptor using this photoconductive material are (1) being able to be charged to an appropriate potential in a dark place, (2) having little potential dissipation in a dark place, ( 3) It is possible to quickly dissipate the electric charge by light irradiation.

Conventionally, selenium has been used as an electrophotographic photoreceptor.
Inorganic photoreceptors having a photosensitive layer containing an inorganic photoconductive compound such as zinc oxide and cadmium sulfide as a main component have been widely used. However, these satisfies the conditions (1) to (3), but are not necessarily satisfactory in thermal stability, moisture resistance, durability and productivity.

In order to overcome the disadvantages of inorganic photoconductors, electrophotographic photoconductors containing various organic photoconductive compounds as main components have been actively developed in recent years. For example, US Pat.
No. 7851 discloses a photoreceptor having a charge transport layer containing triallylpyrazolin, and US Pat. No. 3,871,880 discloses a charge generating layer comprising a derivative of a perylene pigment and a charge comprising a condensation product of 3-propylene and formaldehyde. Photoconductors and the like comprising a transport layer are known.

Further, the organic photoconductive compound can freely select the photosensitive wavelength range of the electrophotographic photosensitive member depending on the compound.
2754 and JP-A-56-167759 disclose substances exhibiting high sensitivity in the visible region, and JP-A-57-19576 and JP-A-61-22845.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 3 discloses a compound having sensitivity in the infrared region.

Of these materials, those exhibiting sensitivity in the infrared region are used in laser beam printers (hereinafter abbreviated as LBP) and LED printers, which have made remarkable progress in recent years, and their demand frequency is increasing.

Electrophotographic photoreceptors using these organic photoconductive compounds are used as function-separated type photoreceptors in which a charge transport layer and a charge generation layer are laminated in order to satisfy both electrical and mechanical properties. In many cases. On the other hand, as a matter of course, the electrophotographic photosensitive member is required to have sensitivity, electrical characteristics, and further optical characteristics according to the electrophotographic process applied.

Particularly in an electrophotographic photosensitive member which is repeatedly used, an electric or mechanical external force such as corona or direct charging, image exposure, toner development, transfer process, surface cleaning is directly applied to the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member. Therefore, durability against them is also required.

Specifically, electrical deterioration due to ozone and nitrogen oxides during charging, mechanical deterioration such as abrasion and scratches on the surface due to discharge during charging, rubbing of a cleaning member, and electrical deterioration Durability against deterioration is required.

[0010] The electrical deterioration is particularly problematic in that carriers stay in a portion irradiated with light and a potential difference is generated between the portion not irradiated with light and a photo memory.

Mechanical deterioration is particularly low in organic photoreceptors, which are different from inorganic photoreceptors in that they are often soft in terms of material, and durability against mechanical deterioration is inferior, and improvement in durability is particularly desired.

Various attempts have been made to satisfy the durability characteristics required for the photoreceptor as described above.

Polycarbonate resin having bisphenol A as a skeleton has been attracting attention as a resin which is often used for the surface layer and has good wear properties and electric characteristics. However, it cannot solve all the problems mentioned above and It has such a problem.

(1) It has poor solubility and shows good solubility only in a part of halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane and 1.2-dichloroethane, and these solvents have a low boiling point. When a photoconductor is manufactured using a coating solution prepared with the above solvent, the coated surface is easily whitened. It takes time to control the solid content of the coating liquid.

(2) Tetrahydrafuran, dioxane, cyclohexanone or a mixed solvent thereof is partially soluble in solvents other than halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons, but the solution gels in a few days. It is not suitable for manufacturing a photoconductor because of its poor aging property.

(3) Furthermore, even if the above (1) and (2) are improved, solvent cracks are easily generated in the polycarbonate resin having bisphenol A as a skeleton.

(4) In addition, in the conventional polycarbonate resin, since the film formed of the resin has no lubricity, the photoconductor is easily scratched, and the cleaning setting is set to reduce the abrasion amount of the electrophotographic photoconductor. Image defects may occur, cleaning defects may occur due to early deterioration of the cleaning blade, and toner fusion may occur.

Regarding the solution stability described in the above (1) and (2), a polycarbonate Z resin having a bulky cyclohexylene group as a structural unit of the polymer is used, or
It has been solved by copolymerizing with bisphenol Z, bisphenol C and the like.

Solvent cracks can also be solved by using silicon-modified polycarbonate or ether-modified polycarbonate as disclosed in JP-A-6-51544 and JP-A-6-75415. . However, since these modified polycarbonates have a structure that has flexibility against internal stress in the polymer in order to prevent salt cracks compared with conventional polycarbonate resins,
As a result, there is a drawback that the mechanical strength of the polymer body is lowered.

Further, in recent years, there has been a direct charging system as disclosed in JP-A-57-17826 and JP-A-58-40566, in which a voltage is directly applied to a charging member to apply a charge to an electrophotographic photosensitive member. It is becoming mainstream.

This is a method in which a roller-shaped charging member made of conductive rubber or the like is directly brought into contact with the electrophotographic photosensitive member to apply an electric charge, and the amount of ozone generated is much smaller than that of a scorotron. About 80% of the current passed through the charger is wasted because it flows through the shield, whereas direct charging has the merit that it is extremely economical without this wasted amount.

However, the direct charging has a drawback that the charging stability is very poor because it is charged by the discharge according to Paschen's law. As a countermeasure, a so-called AC / DC charging method in which an AC voltage is superimposed on a DC voltage has been devised (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-149668).

This charging method improves the stability at the time of charging, but the amount of discharge on the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member is greatly increased due to the superposition of AC, so that the scraped amount of the electrophotographic photosensitive member is increased. A new problem has arisen, and not only mechanical strength but also electrical strength has come to be required.

[0024]

The object of the present invention is to solve the problem of having a conventional polycarbonate resin as a surface layer, to have a solvent crack resistance, a high mechanical strength, and a direct charging property. An object of the present invention is to provide an electrophotographic photosensitive member having good electric resistance and easy to manufacture, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus having the photosensitive member.

[0025]

That is, the present invention provides an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer on a conductive support, wherein the surface layer of the photosensitive member is represented by the following general formula (1).

[0026]

[Outside 10] (In the formula, R _{1 to} R ₄ are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of an alkenyl group having a double bond at a terminal, a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group. It represents at least one group selected, and at least one of R _{1 to} R ₄ has a terminal 2
It is an alkenyl group having a heavy bond, R ₅ and R ₆ are the same or different, and a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and R ₅ and R ₆ are bonded to each other. Represents at least one group selected from the group consisting of residues necessary for forming a substituted or unsubstituted divalent alkylidene group together with a carbon atom in the formula, R ₇ is the same or different, and is a hydrogen atom, At least one group selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, wherein X ₁ and X ₂ are the same or different and each represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group; Show. )
An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a polymer having a structural unit represented by the formula:

The present invention also provides an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer on a conductive support, wherein the surface layer of the photosensitive member has the above general formula (1) and the following general formula (2).

[0028]

[Outside 11] (In the formula, X ₃ represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group.) An electrophotographic photoreceptor containing a copolymer having a structural unit represented by the formula.

The present invention also relates to a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus having the above electrophotographic photosensitive member.

The halogen atom in the present invention includes a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom and a bromine atom, the alkyl group includes a methyl group, an ethyl group and a propyl group, and the aryl group includes a phenyl group. Examples of the alkylidene group include a cyclohexylidene group. In addition, examples of the substituent that these may have include the halogen atom, the alkyl group, and the aryl group as described above.

Specific examples of the structural unit represented by the general formula (1) are shown in Table 1, but not limited thereto.

[0032]

[Outside 12]

[0033]

[Outside 13] As preferable examples, structural unit examples 1, 2, 3, 9, 10
The structural units 1 and 2 are particularly preferable.

The polymer having a constitutional unit represented by the general formula (1) used in the present invention is obtained by converting a diol represented by the following general formula (3) into a terephthalic acid chloride or an isophthalic acid chloride in order to improve solubility. Interfacial polymerization can be carried out by stirring with a mixture of the substances under an alkali in a solvent / water system.

The ratio of terephthalic acid chloride to isophthalic acid chloride is determined in consideration of the solubility of the polymer, and there is no established theory. However, any chloride is 30 mol
It should be noted that the solubility of the synthesized polymer is extremely lowered when the content is less than 100%. Usually, it is preferable to synthesize at a ratio of 1/1.

[0036]

[Outside 14] (In the formula, R _{1 to} R ₄ are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of an alkenyl group having a double bond at a terminal, a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group. It represents at least one group selected, and at least one of R _{1 to} R ₄ has a terminal 2
It is an alkenyl group having a heavy bond, R ₅ and R ₆ are the same or different, and a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and R ₅ and R ₆ are bonded to each other. And at least one group selected from the group consisting of residues necessary for forming a substituted or unsubstituted divalent alkylidene group together with the carbon atom in the formula. ) In the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention, even a polymer having the same constitutional unit represented by the general formula (1),
It may be a copolymer with the structural unit represented by the general formula (2). In the case of a copolymer, the diol of the general formula (3) and the diol such as ethylene glycol may be mixed at the same time.

For example, the homopolymer of Structural Unit Example 2 is synthesized by the following procedure.

First, in a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, 1 part by weight of a monomer having the following structural formula,

[0039]

[Outside 15] 1.5 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide, 0.005 parts by weight of tributylbenzylammonium chloride and 45 parts by weight of water were added, and 0.5 part by weight of a terephthal / isophthalic acid chloride 1/1 mixture was added to 22 parts by weight of methylene chloride. Dissolved. The methylene chloride layer was added to the previously prepared aqueous layer with strong stirring, and 4 hours later, 2 parts by weight of acetic acid was added to isolate the methylene chloride layer, which was reprecipitated in a large amount of methanol, filtered, and dried to prepare. did.

The ones used in the examples were dissolved in methylene chloride and added to methanol for reprecipitation purification.
I've been there.

By using a copolymer with the general formula (2), handling such as solubility can be improved and liquid stability can be made flexible. Further, it may be a copolymer composed of two or more kinds of structural units of different kinds represented by the general formula (1).

Further, a copolymer may be prepared with a diol derived from other general bisphenols such as bisphenol Z, bisphenol A, bisphenol C, and bisphenol AF in consideration of solubility during polymerization. However, in this case, the constitutional unit represented by the formula (1) is preferably present in an amount of 20 to 100 mol%, more preferably 50 to 100 mol%, based on the whole polymer.

The electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention has particularly excellent solvent crack resistance, mechanical strength, and electric resistance characteristics under AC charging, and has good electrophotographic characteristics.

The polymer according to the present invention has an alkenyl group having a double bond at the terminal in the constitutional unit, and has a three-dimensional network and is durable by heat condensation during formation of the electrophotographic photosensitive member.

The alkenyl group preferably has 3 to 10 carbon atoms. With a vinyl group of 2, the reaction is difficult to proceed, and a long chain of 11 or more is not preferable in terms of strength.

Due to this three-dimensionalization, it is presumed that even if a chemical which causes a solvent crack enters, the internal stress is maintained and the crack does not occur.

The mechanical strength becomes strong by taking a three-dimensional structure, and the same is done with a polycarbonate resin, which is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-323630.

With respect to the electric resistance, even if molecular breakage due to electrical deterioration occurs due to three-dimensionalization, the film strength is less likely to be abruptly decreased. Furthermore, compared to the carbonate bond, the ester bond of the aryl group causes a change in current due to AC charging. Strong and especially improved in electric resistance. The reason for this has not been confirmed,
It is speculated that the carbonate bond has a large dipole moment due to the presence of oxygen atoms on both sides of the carboxy group and is weak against electric energy.

The constitution of the electrophotographic photosensitive member used in the present invention will be described below.

The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to the present invention may be a single layer type in which the photosensitive layer contains the charge transport material and the charge generating material in the same layer, or a laminated type in which the charge transport layer and the charge generating layer are separated. It is good, but the laminated type is preferable in terms of electrophotographic characteristics.

The conductive support to be used may be any one having conductivity and may be a metal such as aluminum or stainless steel, or a metal provided with a conductive layer, paper, plastic or the like, and the shape is a sheet or a cylinder. And so on.

When the image input is laser light such as LBP, a conductive layer may be provided for the purpose of preventing interference fringes due to scattering or covering scratches on the support. This can be formed by dispersing conductive powder such as carbon black and metal particles in a binder resin. The thickness of the conductive layer is 5
-40 μm, preferably 10-30 μm is suitable.

An intermediate layer having an adhesive function is provided thereon. Examples of the material for the intermediate layer include polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, ethyl cellulose, casein, polyurethane and polyether urethane. These are applied by dissolving in an appropriate solvent.
The thickness of the intermediate layer is 0.05 to 5 μm, preferably 0.3 to
1 μm is suitable.

The charge generation layer is formed on the intermediate layer.
Examples of the charge generating substance used in the present invention include selenium-tellurium, pyrylium, thiapyrylium dyes, phthalocyanines, anthanthrone, dibenzpyrenequinone, trisazo, cyanine, disazo, monoazo, indigo, quinacridone, and asymmetric quinocyanine pigments. To be In the case of the function-separated type, the charge generation layer includes a homogenizer, ultrasonic dispersion, ball mill, vibrating ball mill, together with the binder resin and solvent in an amount of 0.3 to 4 times the amount of the charge generation material.
It is well formed by a method such as a sand mill, an attritor, a roll mill, and a liquid collision type high speed disperser, and the dispersion is applied and dried to form. The thickness of the charge generation layer is 5 μm or less, preferably 0.1 to 2 μm.

The charge transport layer is mainly formed by coating and drying a paint in which a charge transport material and the binder resin of the present invention are dissolved in a solvent. Examples of charge transport materials used include triarylamine compounds, hydrazone compounds,
Examples thereof include stilbene compounds, pyrazoline compounds, oxazole compounds, triallylmethane compounds and thiazole compounds.

These are combined with 0.5 to 2 times the amount of the binder resin, applied and dried to form a charge transport layer. The thickness of the charge transport layer is 5 to 40 μm, preferably 15 to 30
μm is suitable.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of an electrophotographic apparatus having a process cartridge having the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a drum-shaped electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention, which is rotationally driven around a shaft 2 in a direction of an arrow at a predetermined peripheral speed. The photoreceptor 1 rotates during the rotation process.
The peripheral surface of the primary charging means 3 is uniformly charged with a positive or negative predetermined potential, and then image exposure light 4 from an image exposure means (not shown) such as slit exposure or laser beam scanning exposure is received. Thus, an electrostatic latent image is sequentially formed on the peripheral surface of the photoconductor 1.

The formed electrostatic latent image is then developed by the developing means 5.
The toner-developed image developed by the toner image is transferred from a paper supply unit (not shown) between the photoconductor 1 and the transfer unit 6 in synchronization with the rotation of the photoconductor 1 and fed to a transfer material 7 fed therefrom. The image is sequentially transferred by the transfer unit 6.

The transfer material 7 which has received the image transfer is separated from the surface of the photoconductor and is introduced into the image fixing means 8 to be subjected to the image fixing so that it is printed out as a copy to the outside of the apparatus.

After the transfer of the image, the surface of the photoreceptor 1 is cleaned by the cleaning unit 9 to remove the untransferred toner, and the pre-exposure light 10 from the pre-exposure unit (not shown).
Is used for image formation repeatedly after the charge removal processing. When the primary charging unit 3 is a contact charging unit using a charging roller or the like, the pre-exposure is not necessarily required.

In the present invention, among the constituent elements such as the electrophotographic photosensitive member 1, the primary charging means 3, the developing means 5 and the cleaning means 9 described above, a plurality of components are integrally combined to form a process cartridge, The process cartridge may be detachably attached to the main body of the electrophotographic apparatus such as a copying machine or a laser beam printer. For example, at least one of the primary charging unit 3, the developing unit 5, and the cleaning unit 9 is integrally supported together with the photoconductor 1 to form a cartridge, and the cartridge can be attached to and detached from the apparatus body by using a guide unit such as a rail 12 of the apparatus body. It can be the process cartridge 11.

When the electrophotographic apparatus is a copying machine or a printer, the image exposure light 4 is reflected light or transmitted light from the original document, or the original document is read by a sensor and converted into a signal, which is performed in accordance with this signal. Laser beam scanning,
Light emitted by driving the LED array, driving the liquid crystal shutter array, and the like.

On the other hand, when used as a facsimile printer, the image exposure light 4 becomes exposure light for printing received data. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of this case.

The controller 14 controls the image reading section 13 and the printer 22. The entire controller 14 is controlled by the CPU 20. The read data from the image reading unit 13 is transmitted to the partner station through the transmission circuit 16. The data received from the partner station is sent to the printer 22 through the receiving circuit 15. Predetermined image data is stored in the image memory. The printer controller 21 controls the printer 22. 17 is a telephone.

The image received from the line 18 (image information from a remote terminal connected via the line) is demodulated by the receiving circuit 15, the CPU 20 decodes the image information, and sequentially stores it in the image memory 19. Is done. When the image of at least one page is stored in the memory 19, the CPU 20 performs image recording of the page. The CPU 20 reads out the image information of one page from the image memory 19, and Sends out image information. The printer controller 21 is
When receiving one page of image information from the CPU 20, the printer 22 is controlled to record image information of the page. The CPU 20 is receiving the next page during recording by the printer 22.

In this way, the image is received and recorded.

The electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention can be used not only in electrophotographic copying machines, but also in laser beam printers, C
RT printer, LED printer, liquid crystal printer,
It can be widely used in electrophotographic application fields such as laser plate making.

[0069]

EXAMPLES Examples will be described below. In the examples, “parts” indicates “parts by weight”.

Example 1 An aluminum cylinder having a diameter of 30 mm and a diameter of 254 mm was used as a support, and a coating material composed of the following materials was applied to the support by a dipping method at 140 ° C.
It was heat-cured for 30 minutes to form a conductive layer having a thickness of 15 μm.

Conductive pigment: SnO ₂ coated barium sulfate 10 parts Resistance adjusting pigment: titanium oxide 2 parts Binder resin: phenol resin 6 parts Leveling material: silicone oil 0.001 part Solvent: methanol, methoxypropanol 0.2 / 0.8 20 parts Next, a solution prepared by dissolving 3 parts of N-methoxymethylated nylon and 3 parts of copolymerized nylon in a mixed solvent of 65 parts of methanol and 30 parts of n-butanol was applied onto the above by a dipping method to give 0.5 μm. Was formed.

Next, the diffraction angles 2θ ± 0.2 ° in the X-ray diffraction spectrum of CuKα are 9.0 °, 14.2 °, 2
Oxytitanium phthalocyanine (TiOPc) 4 parts having strong peaks at 3.9 ° and 27.1 °, polyvinyl butyral (trade name: S-REC BM2, manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.)
After dispersing 2 parts and 60 parts of cyclohexanone in a sand mill using φ1 mm glass beads for 4 hours, 100 parts of ethyl acetate was added to prepare a dispersion liquid for a charge generation layer. This was applied by a dipping method to form a 0.3 μm charge generation layer.

Next, 9 parts of an amine compound having the following structural formula

[0074]

[Outside 16] 1 part of amine compound of the following structural formula

[0075]

[Outside 17] And 10 parts of the polymer described in Condition 1 of Table 2. It was dissolved in a mixed solvent of 30 parts of monochlorobenzene and 70 parts of dichloromethane. This coating material was applied by a dipping method and dried at 120 ° C. for 2 hours to form a 25 μm charge transport layer.

Next, the evaluation will be described.

The device is a Hewlett-Packard LBP
"Laser jet 4plus" (process speed 7
1 mm / sec). In the remodeling, primary charging was controlled by constant current control and constant voltage control. The produced electrophotographic photosensitive member was subjected to paper passing durability at 30 ° C. and 90% RH with this apparatus. The sequence was an intermittent mode in which the print was stopped once for each print.

When the toner was used up, the toner was replenished, and the image was durable until a problem occurred.

Further, abrasion was carried out for 15 minutes using a Taber abrasion tester using an abrasive tape, and the weight reduction amount at that time was measured.

Further, regarding the solvent cracking property, the presence or absence of solvent cracks was observed by observing the presence of solvent grease on the surface for 48 hours after leaving it for 48 hours, and observing the presence or absence of solvent cracks. It was set to x.

The results are shown in Table 3.

[0082]

[Outside 18]

(Examples 2 to 14) An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the binder resins for the charge transport layer described in Conditions 2 to 14 in Table 2 were used. Table 3 shows the results.

[0084]

[Outside 19]

(Comparative Examples 1 to 5) An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the binder resin used in the charge transport layer was selected from conditions 1 to 5 shown in Table 4. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0086]

[Outside 20]

[0087]

[Outside 21]

(Examples 15 to 17) An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the binders used in the charge transport layer were selected from conditions 1 to 3 shown in Table 6. The results are shown in Table 7.

[0089]

[Outside 22]

[0090]

[Outside 23]

[0091]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, it has excellent resistance to solvent cracks without impairing mechanical strength, has high mechanical strength, and has good electric resistance characteristics against discharge by direct charging. It has become possible to provide an electrophotographic photosensitive member suitable for direct charging that is easy to perform, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus having the photosensitive member.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of an electrophotographic apparatus having a process cartridge having an electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a block diagram of a facsimile having the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electrophotographic photoreceptor of this invention 2 axis 3 Primary charging means 4 Image exposure light 5 Developing means 6 Transfer means 7 Transfer material 8 Image fixing means 9 Cleaning means 10 Pre-exposure light 11 Process cartridge 12 Rail 13 Image reading section 14 Controller 15 Receiving circuit 16 transmitting circuit 17 telephone 18 line 19 image memory 20 CPU 21 printer controller 22 printer

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. An electrophotographic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer on a conductive support, wherein the surface layer of the photoreceptor has the following general formula (1): (In the formula, R _{1 to} R ₄ are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of an alkenyl group having a double bond at a terminal, a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group. It represents at least one group selected, and at least one of R _{1 to} R ₄ has a terminal 2
It is an alkenyl group having a heavy bond, R ₅ and R ₆ are the same or different, and a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and R ₅ and R ₆ are bonded to each other. Represents at least one group selected from the group consisting of residues necessary for forming a substituted or unsubstituted divalent alkylidene group together with a carbon atom in the formula, R ₇ is the same or different, and is a hydrogen atom, At least one group selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, wherein X ₁ and X ₂ are the same or different and each represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group; Show. )
An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising a polymer having a structural unit represented by the formula: 2. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, wherein the alkenyl group having a double bond at the terminal is an allyl group. 3. In an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer on a conductive support, the surface layer of the photoreceptor has the following general formulas (1) and (2). (In the formula, R _{1 to} R ₄ are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of an alkenyl group having a double bond at a terminal, a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group. It represents at least one group selected, and at least one of R _{1 to} R ₄ has a terminal 2
It is an alkenyl group having a heavy bond, R ₅ and R ₆ are the same or different, and a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and R ₅ and R ₆ are bonded to each other. Represents at least one group selected from the group consisting of residues necessary for forming a substituted or unsubstituted divalent alkylidene group together with a carbon atom in the formula, R ₇ is the same or different, and is a hydrogen atom, At least one group selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, wherein X ₁ and X ₂ are the same or different and each represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group; Show. ) [Outside 3] (In the formula, X ₃ represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group.) An electrophotographic photoreceptor containing a copolymer having a structural unit represented by the formula. 4. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 3, wherein the alkenyl group having a double bond at the terminal is an allyl group. 5. A process cartridge which integrally supports an electrophotographic photosensitive member and at least one unit selected from the group consisting of a charging unit, a developing unit and a cleaning unit, and which is detachable from the main body of the electrophotographic apparatus. The photographic photoreceptor is an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer on a conductive support, and the surface layer of the photoreceptor is represented by the following general formula (1). (In the formula, R _{1 to} R ₄ are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of an alkenyl group having a double bond at a terminal, a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group. It represents at least one group selected, and at least one of R _{1 to} R ₄ has a terminal 2
It is an alkenyl group having a heavy bond, R ₅ and R ₆ are the same or different, and a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and R ₅ and R ₆ are bonded to each other. Represents at least one group selected from the group consisting of residues necessary for forming a substituted or unsubstituted divalent alkylidene group together with a carbon atom in the formula, R ₇ is the same or different, and is a hydrogen atom, At least one group selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, wherein X ₁ and X ₂ are the same or different and each represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group; Show. )
A process cartridge, which is an electrophotographic photoreceptor containing a polymer having a structural unit represented by: 6. The process cartridge according to claim 5, wherein the alkenyl group having a double bond at the terminal is an allyl group. 7. A process cartridge which integrally supports an electrophotographic photoreceptor and at least one means selected from the group consisting of a charging means, a developing means and a cleaning means, and which is detachable from the main body of the electrophotographic apparatus. The photographic photoreceptor is an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer on a conductive support, and the surface layer of the photoreceptor is represented by the following general formula (1).
And general formula (2) (In the formula, R _{1 to} R ₄ are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of an alkenyl group having a double bond at a terminal, a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group. It represents at least one group selected, and at least one of R _{1 to} R ₄ has a terminal 2
It is an alkenyl group having a heavy bond, R ₅ and R ₆ are the same or different, and a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and R ₅ and R ₆ are bonded to each other. Represents at least one group selected from the group consisting of residues necessary for forming a substituted or unsubstituted divalent alkylidene group together with a carbon atom in the formula, R ₇ is the same or different, and is a hydrogen atom, At least one group selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, wherein X ₁ and X ₂ are the same or different and each represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group; Show. ) [Outside 6] (In the formula, X ₃ represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group.) An electrophotographic photoreceptor containing a copolymer having a structural unit represented by the formula. 8. The process cartridge according to claim 7, wherein the alkenyl group having a double bond at the terminal is an allyl group. 9. An electrophotographic apparatus having an electrophotographic photosensitive member, a charging unit, an image exposing unit, a developing unit and a transfer unit, wherein the electrophotographic photosensitive member is an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer on a conductive support. Therefore, the surface layer of the photoreceptor is represented by the following general formula (1). (In the formula, R _{1 to} R ₄ are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of an alkenyl group having a double bond at a terminal, a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group. It represents at least one group selected, and at least one of R _{1 to} R ₄ has a terminal 2
It is an alkenyl group having a heavy bond, R ₅ and R ₆ are the same or different, and a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and R ₅ and R ₆ are bonded to each other. Represents at least one group selected from the group consisting of residues necessary for forming a substituted or unsubstituted divalent alkylidene group together with a carbon atom in the formula, R ₇ is the same or different, and is a hydrogen atom, At least one group selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, wherein X ₁ and X ₂ are the same or different and each represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group; Show. )
An electrophotographic apparatus, which is an electrophotographic photoreceptor containing a polymer having a structural unit represented by: 10. The electrophotographic apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the alkenyl group having a double bond at the terminal is an allyl group. 11. An electrophotographic apparatus having an electrophotographic photoreceptor, a charging means, an image exposing means, a developing means, and a transferring means, wherein the electrophotographic photoreceptor has a photosensitive layer on a conductive support. Therefore, the surface layer of the photoconductor has the following general formulas (1) and (2). (In the formula, R _{1 to} R ₄ are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of an alkenyl group having a double bond at a terminal, a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group. It represents at least one group selected, and at least one of R _{1 to} R ₄ has a terminal 2
It is an alkenyl group having a heavy bond, R ₅ and R ₆ are the same or different, and a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and R ₅ and R ₆ are bonded to each other. Represents at least one group selected from the group consisting of residues necessary for forming a substituted or unsubstituted divalent alkylidene group together with a carbon atom in the formula, R ₇ is the same or different, and is a hydrogen atom, At least one group selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, wherein X ₁ and X ₂ are the same or different and each represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group; Show. ) [Outside 9] (In the formula, X ₃ represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group.) An electrophotographic apparatus containing an electrophotographic photoreceptor containing a polymer having a structural unit represented by the formula. 12. The electrophotographic apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the alkenyl group having a double bond at the terminal is an allyl group.