JPH0932461A - Tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To excavate an inclined shaft of an intended diameter directly through a cutting-down operation without excavating a pilot hole. SOLUTION: A plurality of rotary conduit pipes 11 open to the front side of the edge of a cutterhead 4 are connected to a conduit pipe 9 by means of a swivel joint 10, and debris sucked into the conduit pipe by the action of a vacuum pump 17 is decompressed by a rotary feeder 15. The debris is conveyed back on a railed belt conveyor 26 and then conveyed out using a sludge trolley 27.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator, and more particularly to a tunnel excavator which excavates a slant shaft by cutting down by rotating a cutter head provided on the front side.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to dig an inclined shaft for sucking up and dropping water in a power generation facility, for example, Japanese Patent Publication 7-23
A tunnel excavator as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 676 is used. As shown in FIG. 9, this tunnel excavator 100 performs reaming with a large diameter by performing a diameter expansion excavation while dropping excavated earth and sand along the pilot hole 101 having a small diameter to be preliminarily excavated. The holes 102 are formed.

[0003]

However, according to this construction method, although the pilot hole 101 has to be excavated in advance, the diameter of the pilot hole 101 is small.
After all, there is a problem that it takes a very long time to form the inclined shaft because the excavation work must be performed twice together with the diameter expansion excavation.

The present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem, and it is a tunnel excavator capable of directly excavating an inclined shaft having an intended diameter by cutting down without excavating a pilot hole. It is intended to provide.

[0005]

A tunnel excavator according to the present invention is a tunnel excavator that excavates a slant shaft by cutting a head provided on the front side of the tunnel excavator. It is characterized in that a conveying means is provided for forcibly conveying to the rear side of the tunnel excavator against gravity.

According to the tunnel excavator according to the present invention, since excavated earth and sand generated at a face is conveyed to the rear side of the tunnel excavator by the conveying means, a reaming hole for dropping the excavated earth and sand as in the conventional case is dug. It is possible to directly excavate the inclined shaft directly without any need. Therefore, the labor for digging the reaming hole can be saved, and it is not necessary to prepare an excavator for the reaming hole, so that the inclined shaft can be formed economically.

In the tunnel excavator according to the present invention, the carry-out means is provided with a swivel provided so that a tip end portion thereof is open to a front surface of a peripheral edge portion of the cutter head and a base end portion thereof is provided coaxially with a rotation axis of the cutter head. A rotary pipe part connected to the joint, and a fixed pipe part provided so as to communicate with the rotary pipe part through the swivel joint and to extend to the rear side of the tunnel excavator,
With a vacuum pump provided in the middle of this fixed pipe part,
The excavated earth and sand may be carried out through the rotary pipe part and the fixed pipe part. By doing so, the tip end opening of the rotary pipe portion provided in the peripheral portion of the cutter head rotates together with the rotation of the cutter head, and the excavated soil is efficiently collected from the peripheral region of the peripheral portion of the cutter head where the excavated soil is likely to collect. It can be sucked into the rotary pipe section and conveyed to the rear side of the tunnel excavator through the fixed pipe section.

The conveying means is provided with a tip end opening toward the front surface of the peripheral edge of the cutter head and a base end connected to a swivel joint provided coaxially with the rotation axis of the cutter head. A pipe portion, a fixed pipe portion that is connected to the rotary pipe portion through the swivel joint and is provided so as to extend to the rear side of the tunnel excavator, and a fluid transport pump that is provided in the middle of the fixed pipe portion. And a water supply means for supplying water to the excavated earth and sand, and the excavated earth and sand in the form of a slurry mixed with water can be carried out through the rotary pipe portion and the fixed pipe portion. By doing so, the excavated earth and sand are efficiently discharged together with water from the peripheral region of the cutter head where the excavated earth and sand are likely to collect, as described above.

Further, in the tunnel excavator according to the present invention, a chamber for temporarily storing the excavated soil is provided in the cutter head, and a scraper for scraping the excavated soil and the excavated soil excavated by the scraper are provided. An opening introduced into the chamber may be provided on the front side of the cutter head. According to this configuration, the excavated soil is once taken into the chamber inside the cutter head, and then the excavated soil is conveyed to the rear side of the tunnel excavator. A belt conveyor with crosspieces, a screw conveyor, or the like can be used as this conveying means. In addition, the conveying means may be provided with a sludge pipe having a tip portion arranged in the chamber and a vacuum pump connected to the sludge pipe, and the excavated earth and sand may be directly conveyed through the sludge pipe. it can. Further, the transport means is provided with a sludge pipe having a tip end portion arranged in the chamber, a fluid transport pump connected to the sludge pipe, and a water feed means for supplying water to the chamber, and excavating earth and sand. It can also be made into a slurry mixed with water and discharged through the sludge pipe.

In the present invention, when the transfer means uses a vacuum pump, a secondary transfer means is further provided on the downstream side of the transfer means, and the vacuum pump is provided between the secondary transfer means and the transfer means. It is possible to provide a rotary feeder in which only the excavated earth and sand are decompressed and taken out while maintaining the decompressed state of the air. Since the carrying capacity of the vacuum pump is relatively small, it is very rational to release the depressurization with the rotary feeder and carry the excavated soil by the secondary carrying means.

In the tunnel excavator of the present invention,
It is preferable to provide a drainage pump that discharges the spring water that enters the tunnel excavator or the water that comes out of the excavated earth and sand. It is also preferable to provide a buffer tank for temporarily storing the spring water that enters the tunnel excavator. By providing such a buffer tank,
Even if a large amount of water suddenly springs out of the ground, by temporarily storing spring water in the buffer tank, it is possible to avoid the situation where the tunnel excavator is submerged in water.

Other objects of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description given below. However, while the detailed description and specific examples describe the most preferred embodiments, various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the detailed description, and This is described as an example.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A concrete embodiment of the tunnel excavator according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a tunnel excavator 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. This tunnel excavator 1 is supported by a cutter head support 2 at the front of the main body and rotates a cutter head 4 having a plurality of disk cutters 3 on the front surface by a reduction motor 5 and
The main gripper 6 provided in the main body applies a reaction force to the tunnel pit wall 7 and the thrust jack 8 transmits the propulsive force to the cutter head support 4 to perform the excavation operation.

A conduit 9 for excavating earth and sand is inserted in the center of the cutter head support 4, and the tip of the conduit 9 is fixed to the front center of the cutter head support 4 with a swivel joint. Connected to 10. The swivel joint 10 is connected to the base end of a rotary conduit 11 arranged in the cutter head 4. The tip portion 12 of the rotary conduit 11 is connected to the peripheral edge portion of the cutter head 4 so as to open to the front surface of the peripheral edge portion.

The tip portion 12 of the rotary conduit 11 is shown in FIG.
As enlargedly shown in (c) and (d), it is flattened into a fan shape, and two partition members 13 are provided in the opening at the tip thereof as shown in FIG. 1 (e). At the tip portion 12, scratches (excavated earth and sand) generated at the face 14
Although 15 is sucked by the suction force of a vacuum pump which will be described later, a gap having a large diameter is prevented from being sucked by the partition member 13. In FIG. 1 (c), a white arrow indicates the rotation direction of the cutter head 4, and the tip portion 12 is arranged so as to be inclined with respect to this rotation direction (the surface direction of the cutting face 14).

Any number of rotary conduits 11 having the tip portion 12 can be provided.
As shown in (b), eight cutter heads 4 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

Further, the rear end of the conduit 9 is connected to a rotary feeder 16, and a vacuum pump 17 is arranged at the rear end of the rotary feeder 16 so as to pass through the main beam 18. The tip portion of the suction conduit 19 provided at is connected. An enlarged sectional view of the rotary feeder 16 is shown in FIG. As described above, the rotary feeder 16 has the vacuum chamber 20 and the separation chamber 21, and the vacuum chamber 20 is depressurized by the vacuum pump 17. Also,
In the separation chamber 21, a plurality of shielding plates 23 that rotate around a shaft 22 are provided in a cylindrical space. In addition, on the lower side of the separation chamber 21, there is a slit discharge hole 2 which is open to the outside air pressure.
4 are provided. Further, a plurality of fine holes are provided on a part of the side wall of the separation chamber 21, and a drainage pump 25 is provided on the opposite side of these fine holes.

In such a structure, when the vacuum pump 17 is operated, the gap is sucked from the tip portion 12 of the rotary conduit 11 together with air and, in most cases, also mixed with water, and the swivel joint. 10 and the conduit 9 to pass through the vacuum chamber 20 of the rotary feeder 16.
Be led to. Here, the air is sucked in by the suction conduit 19, the gap and the water drop into the separation chamber 21, and are rotatably conveyed while being sandwiched between the shield plates 23 and 23. During this rotary transportation, water flows out through the plurality of pores and is sucked out of the machine by the drainage pump 25. Further, the misalignment is conveyed to above the misalignment discharge hole 24 and drops from this misalignment discharge hole 24. At the time of this drop, the slip is released from the reduced pressure state.

In order to further convey the dropped scraps to the rear side of the tunnel excavator 1, as shown in FIG. 1A, they extend from below the rotary feeder 16 to the rear side of the tunnel excavator 1. A belt conveyor 26 is provided. Since the belt conveyor 26 is arranged so as to incline upward as it goes to the rear side, a plurality of crosspieces are planted on the surface side so that the slips that are conveyed do not slip off.

Below the rear end portion of the belt conveyor 26, there is provided a slide truck 27 for further carrying the slip outside the mine. Also, the belt conveyor 2
A hopper 28 is provided on the lower side of the rear end portion of 6, and the sludge is dropped into the slit truck 27 through the hopper 28.

The shavings placed on the belt conveyor 26 often contain a small amount of water, and water may spring out from the tunnel pit wall. May cause harm. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1A, the drainage pump 29 is provided near the lower portion of the cutter head support 2.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a tunnel excavator 30 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The tunnel excavator 30 is for carrying out excavation work by rotating the cutter head 4 by a drive motor while generating reaction force from the pit wall by the main gripper 6a and generating propulsion force by the lattice jack 31. Also in this tunnel excavator 30, the rotary conduit 1 whose base end is connected to the swivel joint 10 is provided at the peripheral edge of the cutter head 4 as in the above-described embodiment.
One tip 12 is provided.

In the case of this embodiment, excavation is performed while water is supplied through the water supply pipe 33 into the chamber 32 of the cutter head 4. Therefore, the slurry in which the slip is mixed with water is sucked into the rotary conduit 11. Further, the conduit 9 a connected to the rotary conduit 11 via the swivel joint 10 is connected to the crusher 34. A relay mud pump 35 is provided downstream of the crusher 34, and a mud pipe 9c is connected to the mud pump 35. By operating a sludge pump (not shown) provided further downstream of the sludge pipe 9c and the relay sludge pump 35, a slurry composed of water and sludge is generated from the tip 12 of the rotary conduit 11. The slurry is sucked and finely crushed by the crusher 34, and the fine-grained slurry is discharged to the rear side of the tunnel excavator 30 through the mud discharge pipe 9c. A plurality of relay sludge pumps 35 may be provided if necessary.

The tunnel excavator 30 of this embodiment is provided with buffer tanks 36, 36a for temporarily storing the sudden spring water from the tunnel shaft along the inner wall of the outer cylinder of the tunnel excavator 30. There is. These buffer tanks 36,
The water temporarily stored in 36a is then discharged to the outside of the machine. In this embodiment, the drainage pump 37 is provided in the buffer tank 36a, and the water drained by the drainage pump 37 is joined to the sludge pipe 9c by the conduit 38, and the water is discharged to the rear side of the tunnel excavator 30 together with the slurry. Discharge. The buffer tanks 36 and 36a may be provided in any number along the tunnel pit wall, and a plurality of drainage means may be provided.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of a tunnel excavator 40 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The tunnel excavator 40 has a structure similar to that of the tunnel excavator 30 in the first half, but the length of the sludge discharge pipe 9c is short.
A belt conveyor 41 with a crosspiece is provided downstream of the. The slurry discharged from the sludge discharge pipe 9c falls on the belt conveyor 41 with crosspieces, but most of the water is separated and flows down.
Therefore, the buffer tank 36b provided below the front end portion of the belt conveyor 41 with crosspieces has a wide opening 42 on the upper side so as to receive the water that flows down. Therefore, the buffer tank 36b has a function of temporarily storing the spring water and a function of always storing the water separated from the slip. In the case of this embodiment, the water discharged by the drainage pump 37 is not joined to the sludge pipe 9c but discharged by another conduit (not shown).

Further, the depleted moisture conveyed to the rear end portion of the belt conveyor 41 with crosspieces falls to the sled trolley 27 through the hopper 28 as in the case of the tunnel excavator 1 and is carried out.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a tunnel excavator 50 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In this tunnel excavator 50, as shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), eight scrapers 51 are erected at equal intervals, and openings 52 for introducing a gap into the inside of the cutter head 4a are provided directly beside each scraper 51. There is.

When the cutter head 4a rotates, the scrapes generated at the face are scraped by the scraper 51, and the outside of the face plate of the cutter head 4a (as indicated by the outline arrow in FIG. It is introduced from O) to the inside (I) through the opening 52. The introduced slip is a bucket constituted by two partition plates 53, 53 standing upright on both sides of the opening 52, and a slidable slide plate 54 as shown in FIG. 5A. When the bucket portion is caught and rotated by the portion and rotates near the uppermost portion of the cutter head 4a, it falls along the slide plate 54 as indicated by reference numeral 55 in FIG. 5A.

A hopper 56 and a belt conveyor 57 with crosspieces are provided at this drop position. Therefore,
The falling scraps are captured by the hopper 56, mounted on the belt conveyor 57, and conveyed to the rear side of the tunnel excavator 50. At the rear end portion of the belt conveyor 57, the same slot machine 27 as the tunnel excavator 1 and the like is provided.

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view of the tunnel excavator 60 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. In this tunnel excavator 60, the structure of the cutter head 4a is the same as that of the tunnel excavator 50, but a screw conveyor 61 is used as a slip transfer means. As described above, the misalignment taken in through the hopper 56 is conveyed from the front end to the rear end of the screw conveyor 61. A shutter 62 for controlling the fall of the slip is provided on the lower side of the rear end portion, and the same slide truck 27 as described above is arranged below the shutter 62.

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view of a tunnel excavator 70 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. The construction of this tunnel excavator 70 is the same as that of the tunnel excavator 30 except for the cutter head 4a, and the construction of the cutter head 4a is the same as that of the tunnel excavator 50. However, the hopper 56 as shown in FIG. 5 (a) is not provided, and the tip 71 of the conduit 9a is bent upward, and the horizontally cut opening of the tip 71 serves as a hopper. Plays.

FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional view of a tunnel excavator 80 according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. This tunnel excavator 80 has the same construction as the tunnel excavator 70 except that the belt conveyor 41 with crosspieces of the tunnel excavator 40,
It is a combination of a buffer tank 36b, a hopper 28, and a slit trolley 27.

The water discharged together with the sludge in the above-mentioned embodiment or the water discharged alone can be reused as water which is mixed with the sludge to form a slurry. Further, the tunnel excavator of the present invention is not limited to the shield type and may be an open type.

As mentioned above, it is obvious that the present invention can be variously modified. Such modifications do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention and all such modifications and changes that are obvious to those skilled in the art are included in the claims.

[Brief description of drawings]

1A and 1B are views showing a tunnel excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view, FIG. 1B is a front view in Z view of FIG. 1A, and FIG. a) DD line sectional view,
(D) is a side view of (c), (e) is a bottom view of (d).

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a rotary feeder,
(A) is sectional drawing, (b) is an AA line sectional view of (a).

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a tunnel excavator according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a tunnel excavator according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a tunnel excavator according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a tunnel excavator according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a tunnel excavator according to a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional view showing a tunnel excavator according to a seventh embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating a conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

1,30,40,50,60,70,80 Tunnel excavator 4,4a Cutter head 9 Conduit (fixed) 10 Swivel joint 11 Rotating conduit 15 Slurry (excavated earth and sand) 16 Rotary feeder 17 Vacuum pump 27 Zlitoroko 28 Hopper 35 Relay Sludge pump 36, 35a, 36b Buffer tank 51 Scraper 52 Opening 54 Slide plate 56 Hopper

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. In a tunnel excavator for excavating a slant shaft by cutting down a cutter head provided on the front side, excavated earth and sand generated at a face is forced to the rear side of the tunnel excavator against gravity. A tunnel excavator, which is provided with a transporting means for transporting. 2. The rotating means, wherein the conveying means is provided such that a front end portion thereof is opened to a front surface of a peripheral edge portion of the cutter head and a base end portion thereof is connected to a swivel joint provided coaxially with a rotation axis of the cutter head. A pipe part, a fixed pipe part that is connected to the rotary pipe part through the swivel joint and is provided so as to extend to the rear side of the tunnel excavator, and a vacuum pump provided in the middle of the fixed pipe part. It is provided, and excavated earth and sand is carried out through the said rotary pipe part and a fixed pipe part, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
A tunnel excavator according to claim 1. 3. The rotating means, wherein the conveying means is provided such that a tip end portion thereof is opened to a front surface of a peripheral edge portion of the cutter head and a base end portion thereof is connected to a swivel joint provided coaxially with a rotation axis of the cutter head. A pipe portion, a fixed pipe portion that is connected to the rotary pipe portion through the swivel joint and is provided so as to extend to the rear side of the tunnel excavator, and a fluid transport pump that is provided in the middle of the fixed pipe portion. And a water supply means for supplying water to the excavated earth and sand, and the excavated earth and sand in the form of a slurry mixed with water are carried out through the rotary pipe part and the fixed pipe part. Tunnel excavator described in. 4. A chamber for temporarily storing excavated earth and sand is provided in the cutter head, and a scraper for scraping the excavated earth and sand and an opening for introducing the excavated earth and sand scraped by the scraper into the chamber. The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, wherein is provided on a front surface side of the cutter head. 5. The conveyor means is a belt conveyor with crosspieces, the front end of which is arranged in the chamber and the rear end of which extends to the rear of the tunnel excavator. The listed tunnel excavator. 6. The screw conveyor according to claim 4, wherein the conveying means is a screw conveyor having a front end portion arranged in the chamber and a rear end portion extending rearward of the tunnel excavator. Tunnel excavator. 7. The transporting means comprises a sludge discharge pipe having a tip portion arranged in the chamber and a vacuum pump connected to the sludge discharge pipe, and carries out excavated soil through the sludge discharge pipe. The tunnel excavator according to claim 4, wherein: 8. The transport means comprises a sludge discharge pipe having a tip end portion arranged in the chamber, a fluid transport pump connected to the sludge pipe, and a water supply means for supplying water into the chamber, The tunnel excavator according to claim 4, wherein the excavated soil is made into a slurry mixed with water and carried out through the sludge discharge pipe. 9. A secondary transport means is further provided on the downstream side of the transport means, and only the excavated earth and sand is depressurized while maintaining the depressurized state of air by the vacuum pump between the secondary transport means and the transport means. 8. The tunnel excavator according to claim 2, further comprising a rotary feeder that is released and taken out. 10. The tunnel excavation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a drainage pump that discharges spring water that enters the tunnel excavator or water that comes out from the excavated earth and sand. Machine. 11. The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, further comprising a buffer tank that temporarily stores spring water that enters the tunnel excavator.