JPH08303169A - Hole drilling method and hole drilling equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Object] To provide a hole excavation method and a hole excavation device capable of suppressing the occurrence of misalignment and inclination of the excavator main body during excavation work. [Structure] The advanced hole 6 is excavated by a first excavator having a rotary table 3 and a down-the-hole drill 2 in the ground 1, and a guide rod 7 is inserted into the advanced hole 6 to
A second excavator 8 having a excavating tool for excavating the main body, a fixing means for fixing the stationary portion 10 of the main body to the wall surface of the excavation target hole 7a of the ground 1, and a propulsion means for propelling the excavating tool on the guide rod 7. It is mounted so that the reaction force of the excavation during the excavation work is taken by both the wall surface of the excavation target hole 7a of the ground 1 and the guide rod 7, and the excavation tool is rotated while performing excavation according to the propulsion distance of the propulsion means. The excavation is carried out and repeated until the entire length of the excavation target hole 7a is formed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention has a relatively large pore size,
The present invention relates to a hole excavation method and a hole excavation device suitable for excavating a shaft (vertical hole) having a large depth.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 24 is a side view showing an example of a conventional hole excavation method and hole excavating device, and FIG. 25 is an enlarged side view showing the excavator shown in FIG.

In this conventional technique, the ground 11 shown in FIG. 24 is used.
An excavator 120 for excavating a target hole 119 is provided with a fixing means for holding the main body by pressing the wall surface of the hole 119, and an excavating tool arranged below the main body.

As shown in FIG. 25, the fixing means described above extends the expansion plate 122 capable of pressing the wall surface of the hole 119 of the ground 118 and the expansion plate 122 so as to press the ground 118, and expands the expansion plate 122. Plate 122
And a hydraulic cylinder 121 that contracts so as to separate from the ground 118. These hydraulic cylinders 12
The fixing means composed of the combination of 1 and the expansion plate 122 is provided in three directions in the horizontal plane. Figure 2
In 4,25, only two sets are shown. Further, these fixing means are attached to the stationary portion 133.

Below the stationary portion 133, a movable portion 134 which is rotatable via a bearing is connected. By the stationary portion 133 and the moving portion 134, the excavator 12
The body of 0 is configured.

The moving part 134 is rotatable by a rotating means, that is, an electric motor 136. Further, the moving portion 134 is fixed by the propelling means, that is, the hydraulic cylinder 135 having one end connected to the stationary portion 133 and the other end connected to the moving portion 134.
It is possible to move downward with respect to 3. Further, a central cutter 137 is attached to the lowermost position of the moving portion 135, and an outer peripheral cutter 138 forming a fixed excavation bit is attached to an upper position of the central cutter 137, which is further expandable and contractible in the radial direction. An outermost cutter 139 forming a moving drill bit is mounted. The central cutter 137, the outer peripheral cutter 138, and the outermost peripheral cutter 139.
This constitutes an excavation tool capable of excavating earth and sand and rock.

The earth and sand excavated by these excavators is sucked into the hopper 126 via the earth discharging pipe 125 by the operation of the vacuum suction device 124 shown in FIG. 24, and the outside of the hole 119 from below the popper 126. Is discharged to. In addition, the lower end of the earth discharging pipe 125 has a cylindrical hole 133a formed in the stationary portion 133 of the excavator 120 and having a sufficiently large diameter.
Is inserted in the center cutter 137 and is opposed to the back surface of the central cutter 137. A turret device 123 is preliminarily installed at a position above the hole 119, and the turret device 123 is installed in the turret device 123.
A laser vertical meter 127 is provided to detect misalignment between the center of 0 and the center of the hole 119 that is the target excavation hole. In addition, the hook 1 for hoisting the excavator 120 or the like
31 is also provided.

Further, the stationary means 133 of the excavator 120 is provided on the upper surface thereof with the fixing means, the propulsion means, and the television camera 140 capable of monitoring the excavation tool. In addition, on the ground near the tower device 123, the TV camera 14
A monitoring operation panel 128 capable of inputting a video signal of 0 and a detection signal of the laser vertical gauge 127, a hydraulic cylinder 121 forming a fixing means, and a hydraulic cylinder 1 forming a propulsion means.
35, a power unit 129 which is a drive source of a hydraulic cylinder for expanding and contracting the outermost peripheral cutter 139, and the electric motor 1.
A generator 130, which is a drive source for 36 and the like, is provided.

The above-described excavator 120, the turret device 123 including the laser vertical meter 127, the earth discharging means including the vacuum suction device 124, the hopper 126 and the earth discharging pipe 125, the monitoring operation panel 128, the power unit 129, and the power generation. Machine 13
0 and the like constitute a hole excavating device that excavates a target hole 119 in the ground 118.

In the prior art, using the hole excavating device thus constructed, hole excavation is carried out as follows. For example, a large hole is excavated immediately below the turret device 123, and the excavator 120 is suspended in the hole via the hook 131 of the turret device 123. In this state, FIG.
The hydraulic cylinder 121 of the fixing means shown in FIG. 2 is extended to press the expansion plate 122 against the wall surface of the hole in the horizontal plane. As a result, the stationary portion 133 of the excavator 120 is fixed.

Next, the electric motor 136 is driven to rotate the moving portion 134 and extend the hydraulic cylinder 35 constituting the propulsion means. As a result, the central cutter 13
7, the outer peripheral cutter 138, and the outermost peripheral cutter 139 descend in the ground 118 while rotating, and a hole 119 is formed in the ground 118.
Is drilled. When the moving portion 134 is lowered by the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 135 of the propelling means, the electric motor 136
To stop.

In this state, the hydraulic cylinder 121 of the fixing means
Contracting, the expansion plate 122 separates from the wall surface of the hole 119 of the ground 118, and the hydraulic cylinder 35 of the propulsion means contracts due to the weight of the stationary portion 133, for example, and the stationary portion 13
3 descends so as to approach the moving portion 134.

Next, the hydraulic cylinder 121 of the fixing means is again provided.
Are expanded and contracted, and the expansion plate 122 is pressed against the wall surface of the hole 119 formed by excavation. As a result, the excavator 1
Twenty stationary parts 133 are fixed.

Next, the electric motor 136 is driven to rotate the moving portion 134 and the hydraulic cylinder 13 of the propulsion means.
Extend 5 As a result, similarly to the above, a hole 119 having a length corresponding to the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 135 is drilled. Hereinafter, by repeating the same operation, the hole 119 having a desired length can be excavated.

During the above-mentioned excavation, the earth and sand collected on the back of the central cutter 137 by the excavation is operated by the vacuum suction device 124 to pass through the earth discharging pipe 125 and the hopper 1.
26 is sucked in and discharged from below the hopper 126 to the outside.

Further, during the above-mentioned excavation, the center of the excavator 120 and the center of the target hole 119 are affected by the degree of soil hardness of the ground 118 and the degree of soil unevenness. When a misalignment, which is a misalignment, or a tilt of the excavator 120 occurs, the misalignment is caused by the monitoring operation panel 128 according to the detection signal output from the laser vertical meter 127.
Alternatively, a signal for correcting the inclination is output, and corresponding one of the hydraulic cylinders 121 constituting the fixing means is selectively expanded / contracted according to this signal.

The fixing means, the operating state of the excavator, etc.
The video signal output from the television camera 140 allows the monitoring operation panel 128 to be monitored.

[0018]

In the above-mentioned prior art, since the holding of the excavator 120 is fixed by simply pressing it against the wall surface of the hole 119 after excavation with the expansion plate 122, as described above. Due to the influence of the soil quality of 118 and the difference in the stroke amount when the hydraulic cylinder 121 as the fixing means is fixed, the target hole 119 is associated with the excavation work.
The center of the excavator is relatively large with respect to the center of the excavator 120, and the excavator 120 is likely to have a relatively large inclination. In such a case, it takes time to control the operation for adjusting the posture to correct the excavator 120. Therefore, it is difficult to expect the improvement of excavation work efficiency.

Further, since the reflection surface of the laser vertical meter 127 has to be formed on the portion of the excavator 120 where large vibration can occur, it is difficult to detect the above-mentioned misalignment and inclination,
Along with this, it is difficult to excavate a hole with high verticality.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances in the prior art, and a first object thereof is a hole capable of suppressing the misalignment and inclination of the excavator main body caused by excavation work. An object is to provide a drilling method and a hole drilling device.

A second object is to provide a hole excavating device capable of efficiently discharging excavated soil regardless of the ground condition and excavation depth.

[0022]

In order to achieve this object, the hole excavating method according to claim 1 of the present invention excavates an advanced hole having a hole diameter smaller than an excavation target hole in the ground, and the advanced hole is formed. Insert the guide rod into the
An excavator having an excavating tool for excavating the ground, a rotating means for rotating the excavating tool, a propulsion means for propelling the excavating tool, and a fixing means for fixing the main body to the ground is mounted, and in this state Then, the rotating means, the propulsion means, and the fixing means of the excavator are selectively operated to propel the excavator along the guide rod to excavate the excavation target hole.

Further, in the hole excavating method according to claim 2 of the present invention, in the invention according to claim 1 described above, after excavating the excavation target hole for a predetermined distance, the excavator is stopped to stop the excavator. The main body is disengaged from the ground, the main body is moved by a distance corresponding to the predetermined distance, the main body is fixed to the ground again in this state, and the excavator is propelled along the guide rod. After excavating the ground by a predetermined linear distance, then retreating the excavation tool by the predetermined linear distance, rotating the excavation tool by a predetermined amount, and then propelling the excavation tool along the guide rod. The ground is excavated by a predetermined linear distance, and thereafter, the excavation target hole is excavated by a predetermined distance by repeating the receding of the excavating tool by a predetermined linear distance, the rotation by a predetermined amount, and the propulsion of the predetermined linear distance. Similar to The work are then configured to perform repeated until the entire length of the drilling target hole.

Further, a hole excavating method according to a third aspect of the present invention is the method according to the first aspect, wherein the excavating tool is propelled along the guide rod to excavate the excavating target hole. The excavator is configured to be rotated and propelled.

Further, in the hole excavating method according to claim 4 of the present invention, in the invention according to claim 3 described above, after excavating the excavation target hole for a predetermined distance, the excavator is stopped to stop the excavator. The main body is disengaged from the ground, the main body is moved by a distance corresponding to the predetermined distance, the main body is fixed again to the ground in this state, and the excavator is propelled while rotating along the guide rod. Then, the ground is excavated for a predetermined distance, and thereafter, the same operation is repeated until the entire length of the excavation target hole is formed.

Further, the hole excavating device according to claim 11 of the present invention is: a first excavator for excavating an advanced hole smaller than an excavation target hole in the ground; and an advanced hole formed by the first excavator. A second excavator that includes a guide rod that is inserted into the ground, a fixing unit that fixes the main body to the ground, and a drilling tool that drills the ground, and that is guided by the guide rod to drill the drilling target hole. It is equipped with it.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the hole digging device according to the above-mentioned tenth aspect, the second excavator can be fixed to the wall surface of the digging target hole via the guide rod. A stationary part and a moving part connected to the stationary part and movable along the longitudinal direction of the guide rod; fixing means for fixing the stationary part to the wall surface of the target hole for excavation; Excavation tool that is mounted on a section and excavates the excavation target hole in the ground, a rotating means that rotates the excavation tool, one end connected to the moving part, and the other end connected to the stationary part, And a propulsion means for propelling the section.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the hole excavating device according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, wherein the moving portion regulates rotation of the guide rod and the excavation target hole around the wall surface. It has a non-rotating portion, a rotating portion that can freely rotate around the wall surface of the guide rod and the excavation target hole, and the excavator is attached to the rotating portion.

A hole excavating device according to a twentieth aspect of the present invention is the hole excavating device according to any one of the above-mentioned eleventh to thirteenth aspects, wherein the excavation of the ground is performed by the excavator of the second excavator. It is configured to have a soil discharging means for discharging the earth and sand to the outside of the ground.

According to a twenty-first aspect of the present invention, there is provided the hole excavating device according to the twenty-first aspect, wherein the excavating tool is an earth drill bucket, and the earth drill bucket is the earth removing means. It is configured to double as.

[0031]

The hole excavating method according to claims 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the present invention and the hole excavating apparatus according to claims 11, 12, 13 and 20 both excavate a target hole during a hole excavating operation. By fixing the excavator body to the wall surface of the excavation target hole by the fixing means, it is possible to take the reaction force, and the guide rod that guides the excavator can also take the reaction force. Can be regulated so as to reduce the swing of the excavator. Therefore, it is possible to excavate along the extension direction of the guide rod, and it is possible to suppress misalignment of the center of the excavator with respect to the center of the excavation target hole and occurrence of inclination of the excavator.

A drilling device according to claim 21 of the present invention is
The earth drill bucket, which is an excavator, also serves as a soil removal means,
Excavation material can be deposited on the earth drill bucket in an amount according to the capacity of the earth drill bucket without being influenced by the ground condition and the excavation depth. Therefore,
The excavated earth and sand can be discharged to the outside by raising the excavator from the target excavation hole, and the earth and sand discharge work can be efficiently performed without providing any special earth discharge means.

[0033]

Embodiments of the hole excavation method and the hole excavation device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a hole excavation method corresponding to claims 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 9 of the present invention.

In this embodiment, first, as shown in (a) of FIG. 1, a first excavator for excavating a guide hole having a diameter smaller than an excavation target hole, that is, an advanced hole, is arranged on the ground 1. To do. This first excavator is a down-the-hole drill 2 for excavating an advanced hole, and this down-the-hole drill 2
It includes a rotary table 3 for rotating the rotary table 3, a hydraulic power unit 4 as a drive source for the down-the-hole drill 2 and the rotary table 3, and a compressor (not shown) as a drive source for the down-the-hole drill 2. In addition, the first excavator having the down the hole drill 2 is
JP-A-3-119284, JP-A-63-3124
It is known as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 97.

When the hydraulic power unit 4 is operated to rotate the rotary table 3 from the state shown in FIG.
As shown in (b) of FIG. 1, the down-the-hole drill 2 is used for excavation with air from the compressor.
The earth and sand generated by excavation are discharged to the outside of the ground 1 by blowing air generated by a compressor onto the excavated portion, for example. When the down-the-hole drill 2 is pulled upward from such a state, the advanced hole 6 is formed in the ground 1.
Is formed.

In the present embodiment, in particular, as shown in FIG. 1C, a turret device 62 is erected above the advanced hole 6. The turret device 62 is provided with a winch 63. In such a state, the guide rod 7 is inserted into the advanced hole 6, and the second excavator 8 that forms an excavation target hole having a larger diameter than the advanced hole 6 is attached to the guide rod 7. Second
The guide rod 7 is inserted into the cylindrical hole formed in the center of the excavator 8. Although the guide rod 7 is inserted into the advanced hole 6 formed by the down-the-hole drill 2 in the present embodiment, the down-the-hole drill 2 may be used as the guide rod 7. Here, a pulley 66 is provided on the upper portion of the second excavator 8, and a pulley 64 is also provided on the turret device 62. The wire 65 pulled out from the winch 63 of the turret device 62 is wound around the pulley 66 of the second excavator 8 and the pulley 64 of the turret device 62, and its end is fixed to the turret device 62. To be done. Therefore, by driving the winch 63, the wire 65 moves, and the second excavator 8 can be hung up and down along the extension direction of the guide rod 7.

The second excavator 8 has an excavator for excavating the ground 1, a rotating means for rotating the excavator in a horizontal plane, a propelling means for propelling the excavator, and a main body fixed to the ground 1. And a fixing means to do so. The drive source for the rotating means, the propulsion means, and the fixing means is the hydraulic power unit 4 described above. The hydraulic power unit 4 is operated to selectively drive the rotating means, the propulsion means, and the fixing means of the second excavator 8.
When the rotating means and the propulsion means are driven in a state in which the upper part constituting the main body of the excavator 8 is fixed by driving the fixing means, the excavator attached to the lower part constituting the main body rotates and the guide rod rotates. Propagate downward along 7 and ground 1
It is possible to excavate a vertical hole extending in the vertical direction, which is a desired excavation target hole.

In this case, for example, the main body of the second excavator 8 is equipped with the above-mentioned fixing means, and the stationary portion 10 that can be fixed to the wall surface of the excavation target hole 7a formed in the ground 1 and the excavator 12 are provided. It is configured to have a moving unit 12 for holding. The above-mentioned fixing means includes an expansion plate 61 capable of pressing the wall surface of the excavation target hole 7a, and a hydraulic cylinder 60 for expanding and contracting the expansion plate 61. The rotating means described above is composed of, for example, the hydraulic motor 20, and includes the moving unit 12
Is rotated in the horizontal plane. The above-mentioned propulsion means are
For example, it comprises a hydraulic cylinder 21 and propels the moving part 12 downward.

When the excavation work by the second excavator 8 is started, first, the fixing means of the second excavator 8 is driven, that is, the hydraulic cylinder 60 is extended to move the turret device 62.
The stationary portion 10 of the second excavator 8 is fixed to the constituent members.
When the hydraulic power unit 4 is operated from this state to drive the hydraulic motor 20 which is the rotating means of the second excavator 8 and the hydraulic cylinder 21 which is the propulsion means, the moving portion 12 including the earth drill bucket 19a which is the excavating tool. Is propelled while rotating downward, and is a hydraulic cylinder 2 which is a propulsion means.
A predetermined amount of hole excavation corresponding to one stroke is performed. Here, the second excavator 8 is once stopped. In this state, the hydraulic cylinder 60 is contracted, the stationary part 10 is released from the turret device 62, and the winch 63 is driven. Due to the weight of the stationary part 10, the stationary part 10 moves a predetermined distance corresponding to the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 21. To descend.

Here, when the hydraulic cylinder 60 is extended again, the expansion plate 61 comes into contact with the wall surface of the excavated hole 7a, and the stationary portion 10 is fixed. 1 (d) is a turret device 6
2 shows a state after the first excavation of a hole for a predetermined distance in a state where the stationary portion 10 is fixed and after several more times of hole excavation for a predetermined distance are performed. After the hole excavation for a distance is performed, the stationary portion 10 is fixed to the wall surface of the hole 7 a of the ground 1. In the following, the state shown in FIG. 1D will be described.

Here, when the hydraulic motor 20 and the hydraulic cylinder 21 are driven again, as shown in FIG. 1E, the moving section 1 including the earth drill bucket 19a as the excavating tool.
2 is rotated and propelled downward, and a hole is excavated for a predetermined distance corresponding to the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 21.

Here, once the excavator 8 is stopped and the hydraulic cylinder 60 is contracted to separate the expansion plate 61 from the wall surface of the hole 7a, the stationary portion 10 is released from the wall surface of the hole 7a of the ground 1, As the winch 63 is driven, the weight of the stationary portion 10 is lowered by a predetermined distance corresponding to the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 21 due to the weight of the stationary portion 10 as shown in FIG.

The same operation is repeated thereafter, and the stationary unit 10
By alternately moving the moving part 12 and the moving part 12, the excavation is advanced by a predetermined distance corresponding to the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 21, and the desired full length of the excavation target hole 7a can be formed in the ground 1.

During such excavation work, the excavation target hole 7a
The earth and sand produced by the excavation of (1) are deposited on the back surface of the earth drill bucket 1a depending on the shape of the earth drill bucket 1a, for example. Therefore, winch 63
The excavated earth and sand can be discharged to the outside of the hole 7a by driving the and excavating the second excavator 8.

After forming the excavation target hole 7a, for example, the second excavator 8 is disengaged from the guide rod 7, and the second excavator 8 is removed to the outside of the excavation target hole 7a. Further, after removing the second excavator 8 outside the excavation target hole 7a in this manner, for example, the guide rod 7 is also removed outside the excavation target hole 7a. In this way, the excavation work is completed.

In the hole excavation method of this embodiment, the reaction force at the time of excavation can be taken by the wall surface of the excavation target hole 7a excavated in the ground 1 through the fixing means and the guide rod 7 having sufficient rigidity. However, the reaction force at the time of excavation can be taken, and the swing of the second excavator 8 at the time of excavation of this hole can be restricted so as to be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to excavate straight along the extension direction of the guide rod 7,
It is possible to suppress the misalignment of the center of the excavator 8 with respect to the center of the excavation target hole 7a and the occurrence of the inclination of the excavator 8, and it is possible to excavate the hole 7a having a high degree of verticality. Also,
Basically, it is not necessary to adjust the posture of the excavator 8 during excavation work, and thus the excavation work efficiency can be improved. In addition, since the hole 7a having a high degree of verticality can be formed, the diameter of the hole 7a is not unnecessarily increased, and when concrete is placed in the hole 7a after excavation, concrete with less loss can be obtained. Can be placed.

Further, although the earth and sand are discharged through the earth drill bucket 19a, that is, the earth drill bucket 19a also serves as the earth discharging means, the earth drill bucket 19a is generally used for excavating earth and sand. It is known that an amount corresponding to the capacity of the earth drill bucket 19a can be deposited without being affected by the excavation depth, and this earth and sand can be efficiently discharged without providing any special earth discharging means. You can do it.

Further, as described above, since the reaction force at the time of excavation is taken by the wall surface of the excavation target hole 7a and the guide rod 7, the second
The excavator 8 itself does not have to consider that it takes a large reaction force, and can be made small and lightweight. Further, the guide rod 7 can be set to have a relatively small diameter dimension such that the guide rod 7 is inserted into the advanced hole 6 smaller than the diameter of the excavation target hole 7a. As a result, the overall shape of the hole excavating device including the first excavator having the down-the-hole drill 2, the guide rod 7, and the second excavator 8 can be made compact and lightweight. Therefore, the work of transporting the hole excavating device including the first excavator having the down-the-hole drill 2, the guide rod 7, and the second excavator 8 to the excavation site becomes relatively easy. The number of man-hours required for excavation can be reduced and the excavation cost can be reduced.

When the diameter of the excavation target hole 7a is increased, the size of the excavation tool such as the earth drill bucket 19a of the second excavator 8 may be set in accordance with the diameter of the excavation target hole 7a. . Therefore, the desired large excavation target hole 7a can be excavated without increasing the size of the guide rod 7 and the second excavator 8 and increasing the weight. Accordingly, it is possible to easily form the excavation target hole 7a having a large hole diameter of about 3 to 4 m, which is relatively difficult.

In the present embodiment, as described above, the work of transporting the hole excavator to the excavation site is relatively easy, and the excavation target hole having a large hole diameter of about 3 to 4 m is formed. Since it is easily possible, it can also be applied to the formation of foundation holes such as steel towers for transmission lines in mountainous areas, which were conventionally done by hand digging. As described above, when applied to the formation of a foundation hole such as a steel tower for a power transmission line in a mountainous area instead of manual digging, the excavation work efficiency can be significantly improved.

Further, in the above embodiment, the earth and sand generated by excavation is discharged to the outside through the earth drill bucket 19a which is an excavator, but the air is used to remove the excavated earth and sand from the outside of the ground 1. Alternatively, water may be supplied together with air to be discharged.

In addition, when the guide rod 7 is removed to the outside of the excavation target hole 7a after the formation of the excavation target hole 7a in the above embodiment, the guide rod 7 should be divided and then removed to the outside of the excavation target hole 7a. You may

In the above embodiment, the second excavator 8 and the guide rod 7 are removed from the excavation target hole 7a to the outside of the ground 1 after the excavation target hole 7a is formed. In the case where there is no hindrance to the insertion of a structure such as a steel tower to be inserted, these second excavator 8
The guide rod 7 and the guide rod 7 may not be removed from the excavation target hole 7a to the outside of the ground 1, but may be embedded in the ground 1 together with a structure such as a steel tower inserted in the excavation target hole 7a.

Further, in the above embodiment, the vertical hole extending vertically is drilled as the target drilling hole 7a, but the present invention is not limited to drilling such vertical hole, and it can be extended horizontally. It is also possible to excavate a horizontal hole that is formed or a vertical hole that extends in a direction inclined by a predetermined angle with respect to the vertical direction.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, when excavating the hole 7a, the earth drill bucket 19a is rotated in the horizontal plane while being simultaneously propelled for excavation. The propulsion operation of the excavator may be independently performed.

For example, instead of the above-mentioned earth drill bucket 19a as the excavator, a bucket capable of rotating in the vertical plane is attached to the moving part 12 constituting the main body of the second excavator 8. . Then, with the stationary portion 10 of the excavator 8 fixed to the wall surface of the hole 7a formed in the ground 1 via the fixing means, the bucket is rotated in the vertical plane while the hydraulic cylinder 21 serving as the propulsion means is extended. Let
As a result, it is possible to excavate a predetermined linear distance corresponding to the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 21 along the extension direction of the guide rod 7. Next, the bucket is once retracted by the above-mentioned predetermined linear distance. From this state, the turning motor 20 that is a rotating unit is driven to rotate the moving unit 12, that is, the bucket that is the excavator, by a predetermined amount in the horizontal plane. From this state, as described above, the hydraulic cylinder 21 is driven again to lower the excavator and excavate a predetermined linear distance. Similarly, the hole 7 with a predetermined depth is formed.
Drill a. Next, the fixing of the stationary portion 10 by the fixing means is released, and the stationary portion 10 is lowered by its own weight, for example. Then, again, as described above, the hole 7a having the predetermined linear distance is formed.
Excavation. Propagation of such a predetermined linear distance of the bucket, retreat, excavation by a predetermined amount of rotation is repeated,
You may make it form the full length of the desired excavation target hole 7a. Such a hole excavation method corresponds to claim 2 of the present invention.

2 to 20 show claims 11 to 1 of the present invention.
It is explanatory drawing which shows 1st Example of the hole excavation device corresponding to 7,19-21,23-35. Of these drawings, FIG. 2 is a view showing a second excavator which constitutes a first embodiment of the present invention, and is a side view showing a state in which a fixing means is omitted while including a partial cross-sectional portion. 3 is a side view of the excavator shown in FIG. 2 showing the originally provided fixing means and omitting the propelling means, and FIG. 4 shows the state of drawing the fixing means in the second excavator shown in FIG. 2 is a plan view shown in FIG.
Fig. 6 is a side sectional view showing a guide rod for guiding the second excavator shown in Fig. 6, and Fig. 6 is a side view showing the relationship between the turret device and the second excavator constituting the first embodiment of the hole excavating device of the present invention. Figure, Figure 7
FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between the second excavator that constitutes the first embodiment of the hole excavating device of the present invention and the reaction plate provided in the turret device, and FIG. 8 shows the hole excavating device of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a side view showing an arrangement relationship of a guide rod that constitutes the first embodiment, a pin that is inserted into the guide rod, and a force sensor that detects a force transmitted to the pin. FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view showing a positional relationship between a pin inserted into a guide rod that constitutes the first embodiment, a force sensor that detects a force transmitted to the pin, and a hydraulic cylinder that positions the pin.

FIG. 10 shows the first part of the hole excavating device of the present invention.
1 is a side view showing a state of hole excavation work carried out by the embodiment of FIG. 11, FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a relationship between a turret device, a control room, and a hydraulic power unit in the state shown in FIG.
2 is a side view showing a state of earth removal work carried out by the first embodiment of the hole excavating device of the present invention, and FIG. 13 is a state in which the second excavator is moved laterally from the state shown in FIG. FIG. 14 is a side view showing a state in which the second excavator is laterally moved in the same manner as shown in FIG. 13 in order to remove boulders existing in the excavated hole.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing the relationship between various switches and control devices provided in the control room shown in FIG. 11 and various sensors and various operating devices provided in the second excavator or turret device. .

FIG. 16 shows the first part of the hole excavating device of the present invention.
1 is a plan view of a guide rod and a second excavator for explaining the direction and magnitude of an eccentric load acting on the guide rod in the embodiment of FIG. 17, FIG. 17 is a side view corresponding to FIG. 16, and FIG.
8 is a side view showing an arrangement relationship between a turret device and a second excavator for explaining the direction and magnitude of an eccentric load acting on the guide rod in the first embodiment of the hole excavating device of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is an explanatory view schematically illustrating the magnitude of the eccentric load acting on the guide rod in the first embodiment of the hole excavating device of the present invention, and FIG. 20 is the eccentric load acting on the guide rod shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which converted into the magnitude | size of the force for driving a fixing means the direction and magnitude.

The first embodiment of this excavator has, as a basic configuration, a first excavator which excavates an advanced hole 6 in the ground 1 having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the excavation target hole 7a, and the first excavator. Guide rod 7 inserted in the formed advanced hole 6
And a second excavator including fixing means for fixing the main body to the ground 1, and a drilling tool for drilling the ground 1, and being guided by the guide rod 7 to drill the drilling target hole 7a. There is.

Among these configurations, the first excavator for excavating the advanced hole 6 is, for example, the down-the-hole drill 2 for excavating the advanced hole 6 smaller than the excavation target hole 7a shown in FIG. Hydraulic power unit 4 which is a drive source for driving the drill 2 and the rotary table 3.
And a compressor that supplies pneumatic pressure to the down-the-hole drill 2. As described above, the first excavator having such a down the hole drill 2 is
It is known from JP-A-3-119284.

The remaining structure is particularly shown in FIGS.
Will be described below. As shown in FIG. 5, the guide rod 7 introduced into the advanced hole 6 formed by the first excavator has a basic structure made of, for example, a cylindrical pipe extending in the vertical direction. Further, it can be divided into a plurality of parts, and these divided parts are integrated by being screwed together by a screw connecting portion 7b.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the second excavator 8 mounted on the guide rod 7 is connected to the stationary portion 10 arranged at the upper portion and below the stationary portion 10 to guide the excavator. It has a main body composed of a moving portion 12 that can move along the longitudinal direction of the rod 7.

The stationary part 10 is attached to the ground 1
The fixing means for fixing to the wall surface of the excavation target hole 7a is provided. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the fixing means includes an expansion plate 61 capable of pressing the wall surface of the excavation target hole 7a, and an extendable hydraulic cylinder 6 for moving the expansion plate 61.
It consists of 0's. The fixing means composed of the combination of the expansion plate 61 and the hydraulic cylinder 60 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, the positions are provided in four directions of front, rear, left and right in the horizontal plane.

As shown in FIG. 2 etc., the above-mentioned moving portion 12 has a cylindrical portion 23 into which the guide rod 7 is inserted at the central position.
And a main frame 16 that forms a non-rotating portion that is connected to the stationary portion 10 that is fixed and that is restricted from rotating around the wall surface of the guide rod 7 and the excavation target hole 7a,
The sub-frame 18 is provided with a sub-frame 18 that forms a rotating portion that can freely rotate around the wall surface of the guide rod 7 and the target hole 7a for excavation, and a swivel bearing 17 that is interposed between the main frame 16 and the sub-frame 18. 18
The ground drill bucket 19a, which is a drilling tool that is fixed to the ground and is used to drill the drilling target hole 7a in the ground 1, and the fixed drilling bit 1
9d, moving drill bit 19e, and main frame 1
The hydraulic motor 20 is fixed to No. 6 and rotates the sub-frame 18, that is, rotates the earth drill bucket 19a.

The earth drill bucket 19a described above is
It is arranged at the lowermost part of the moving part 12, and has a storage part 19c on the back surface thereof as shown in FIG. Such an earth drill bucket 19a is known. By lifting the second excavator 8, the earth and sand accumulated in the storage portion 19c of the earth drill bucket 19a can be discharged to the outside of the excavation target hole 7a. That is, this earth drill bucket 19a is a drilling tool and also serves as a means for discharging earth and sand. Further, the fixed excavating bit 19a is arranged above the side portion of the earth drill bucket 19a, and is fixed to the moving portion 12 so as not to move itself. And the mobile drill bit 19e also
Although it is arranged above the side portion of the earth drill bucket 19d, it can be moved in the radial direction of the excavator 8 by the diameter-expanding cutter hydraulic cylinder 19f attached to the moving unit 12, that is, the diameter can be increased.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, an earth drill bucket 19 is provided between the stationary portion 10 and the moving portion 12 described above.
Propulsion means for promoting a is provided. This propulsion means is composed of, for example, a hydraulic cylinder 21 having an upper end connected to a frame forming the stationary part 10 and a lower end connected to a main frame 16 forming a non-rotating part of the moving part 12, and performing a stretching operation. This hydraulic cylinder 21 is shown in FIG.
4, four guide rods 7 are provided at equal intervals so as to surround the guide rod 7.

Further, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6 and the like, in the upper part of the ground 1 at the drilling position of the excavation target hole 7a,
A turret device 62 capable of hoisting the second excavator 8 is provided. In this turret device 62, masts 71 are erected at positions in the four directions of front, rear, left and right in a horizontal plane, and the inside of each of these masts 71 is provided with the above-mentioned fixing means as shown in FIG. A reaction force plate 76 with which the constituent expansion plate 61 can contact is arranged.

A frame 72, which is a support member, is provided on the upper portion of the mast 71, and a holding table 73 is arranged on the frame 72. A winch 63 and a pulley 64 are arranged on the holding base 73. Further, as shown in FIG. 6 and the like, a pulley 66 is arranged above the stationary portion 10 of the second excavator 8, and the wire 65 fed from the winch 63 is retained by the pulley 66 of the stationary portion 10 and the holding portion. It is wound around the pulley 64 of the table 73 and its end is fixed to the holding table 73. By driving the winch 63, the wire 65 moves, and the second excavator 8 can be lifted and lowered. The winch 63 and the wire 65 described above constitute a removing means for removing the second excavator 8 in the excavation target hole 7a to the outside of the excavation target hole 7a.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the turret device 62 is provided with a pin 78 for positioning the guide rod 7 inserted into the advanced hole 6. A force sensor 77 for detecting the force received by the guide rod 7 in association with the excavation work by the second excavator 8 is attached to the pin 78. As shown in FIG. 9, the force sensor 77 is attached to a holding table 73 and held by an extendable hydraulic cylinder 79 arranged at four positions in the horizontal, front, rear, left and right directions.

Further, as shown in FIG. 13, a rail 74 is arranged on the frame 72 of the above-mentioned turret device 62, and a roller 75 engaging with the rail 74 is provided below the holding base 73.
Is provided. As the roller 75 rolls on the rail 74, the holding table 73 can move laterally, that is, in a horizontal plane. As shown in FIG. 13, the rail 74 and the roller 75 described above constitute a transfer unit that transfers the holding table 73 so as to move the second excavator 8 laterally from the position above the excavation target hole 7a. There is.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the soil 83 discharged from the earth drill bucket 19a is disposed so that it can be located in the lower part of the inside of the four masts 71 of the tower 62. An earth removal stage 82 is provided for placement. The earth removal stage 82 is movable.

The hydraulic power unit 4 for driving the rotary table 3 of the first excavator, the down-the-hole drill 2 and the like constitutes the hydraulic cylinder 60 and the rotating means which constitute the fixing means of the second excavator 8. Hydraulic motor 2
0, a hydraulic cylinder 21 that constitutes a propulsion means, and a diameter-expanding cutter hydraulic cylinder 19 that drives a moving excavation bit 19e
f, a drive source that drives a hydraulic cylinder 79 and the like that holds a force sensor 77 provided in the turret device 62.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10 and the like, a control room 80 for controlling the operation of the second excavator 8 and the like is arranged adjacent to the hydraulic power unit 4. This control room 8
15, the excavator down switch 86 that outputs an instruction signal to drive the winch 63 to lower the second excavator 8 and the second excavator 8 are raised. An excavator raising switch 87 that outputs an instruction signal for driving the winch 63, and an excavation start switch 88 that outputs an instruction signal for starting excavation by the second excavator 8.
An excavation end switch 89 that outputs an instruction signal to end the excavation by the second excavator 8 and an exhaust signal that outputs an instruction signal to start discharging the earth and sand accumulated in the earth drill bucket 19a to the outside of the excavation target hole 7a. Sat start switch 9
0, an earth terminating switch 91 that outputs an instruction signal for terminating the earth and sand discharge, and a holding table 7 provided in the slag device 62.
Holding stand transfer switch 11 for outputting a transfer instruction signal of No. 3
0, and a stage transfer switch 111 that outputs an instruction signal for transferring the earth removal stage 82 included in the turret device 62.

In the control room 80, these switches 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 110, 11 are provided.
1 is provided with a control device 99 for inputting an instruction signal. The control device 99 is composed of, for example, a microcomputer, and has an input / output unit, a storage unit, and a calculation unit. The calculation unit includes an excavation control unit 100 that controls excavation by the second excavator 8 and earth removal work. , And a misalignment control unit 101 for controlling the attitude of the second excavator 8 during excavation.

The above-mentioned switches 86, 87, 88, 8
The instruction signals of 9, 90, 91, 110, and 111 are input to the excavation control unit 100 of the control device 99. Further, the detection signal of the force sensor 77 provided in the above-described turret device 62 is input to the misalignment control unit 101 of the control device 99.

The second excavator 8 is equipped with an angle sensor 93 for detecting a deviation around the guide rod 7 of the excavator 8 with respect to a reference position immediately below the force sensor 77 in a state of being mounted on the guide rod 7. The detection signal of the angle sensor 93 is also applied to the misalignment control unit 101 of the control device 99.
Is input to Further, in the present embodiment, the distance L1 between the mounting position of the force sensor 77 and the second excavator 8 (illustrated in FIG. 18).
A distance sensor 94 for detecting the distance is also provided.
Is input to As the distance sensor 94, for example, a sensor that detects the amount of change in the length of the wire 65 fed from the winch 63 can be provided.

The drive signal output from the excavation control section 100 of the control device 99 is converted into an electric signal as it is or converted into a hydraulic signal in the hydraulic power unit 4,
A winch drive device 95 for driving the winch 63, a holding table transfer device 96 for transferring the holding table 73, a hydraulic motor 20 for rotating the moving part 12 of the excavator 8, a hydraulic cylinder 21 for propelling the moving part 12 of the excavator 8, Expanding cutter hydraulic cylinder 19f for moving the moving excavating bit 19e mounted on the moving part 12 of the excavator 8 and the moving part 12 of the excavator 8.
Opening / closing cylinder 97 for opening / closing the earth drill bucket 19a mounted on the earth, earth moving stage transfer device 98 for moving the earth removing stage 82 provided in the sword device 62, and the stationary portion 10 of the excavator 8 on the wall surface of the excavation target hole 7a. It is given to each of the fixed hydraulic cylinders 60. The drive signal output from the misalignment control unit 101 of the control device 99 is
In the hydraulic power unit 4, it is converted into a hydraulic signal and given to the hydraulic cylinder 60 that fixes the stationary portion 10 to the wall surface of the excavation target hole 7a.

The excavating operation performed by the first embodiment of the hole excavating device of the present invention thus constructed will be described below with reference to FIG. 1 again.

The first excavator including the down the hole drill 2, the guide rod 7, the second excavator 8 and the like are transported to the excavation site. At the time of excavation work, first, as shown in (a) of FIG. 1, in order to excavate an advanced hole 6 having a diameter smaller than the excavation target hole 7a in the ground 1, a first drill 1 having a down-the-hole drill 2 and a rotary table 3 is provided. An excavator is installed on the ground 1. From the state of FIG. 1A, the hydraulic power unit 4 is operated to rotate the rotary table 3,
When air is supplied from the compressor to the down-the-hole drill 2, the down-the-hole drill 2 is drilled, as shown in FIG. The earth and sand generated by excavation are discharged to the outside of the ground 1 by blowing air generated by a compressor onto the excavated portion.
When the down-the-hole drill 2 is pulled up from such a state, the advanced hole 6 is formed in the ground 1. The guide rod 7 shown in FIG. 5 is inserted into the advanced hole 6.

For example, in the state where the guide rod 7 is inserted into the advanced hole 6 in this way, the turret device 62 is constructed as shown in FIG. 6 and the stage transfer switch 111 provided in the control room 80 is operated. . As a result, the excavation control unit 100 of the control device 99 causes the earth removal stage transfer device 98 to move.
A drive signal is output to the soil discharging stage 82 shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 and is transferred to the outside of the turret device 62 to form a space in which the second excavator 8 can be placed.

Next, with the second excavator 8 suspended from the wire 65, the excavator down switch 86 or the excavator up switch 87 provided in the controller 80 is operated. As a result, the winch drive device 95 is driven, and
Etc., as shown in FIG.
The second excavator 8 is mounted on the guide rod 7 while the second excavator 8 is suspended or hoisted by the driving of the third excavator 3. FIG. 6 shows a state after the second excavator 8 is attached to the guide rod 7. Next, as illustrated in FIG. 9, one of the hydraulic cylinders 79 (four in the front, rear, left, and right) is selectively expanded and contracted to force the force sensor 77.
And the pin 79 is moved to fit the pin 78 into the guide rod 7. As a result, the guide rod 7 is positioned so as not to swing.

When starting the excavation work by the second excavator 8, first, the excavation start switch 88 shown in FIG. 15 provided in the control room 80 is operated. As a result, the pressure oil is supplied to the four hydraulic cylinders 60 constituting the fixing means,
These hydraulic cylinders 60 extend, and accordingly, each of the expansion plates 61 presses the corresponding reaction force plate 76 of the turret device 62, and the stationary portion 10 of the excavator 8 is fixed to these reaction force plates 76. It In addition, the diameter expansion cutter hydraulic cylinder 1
Pressure oil is also supplied to 9f, the hydraulic cylinder 19f extends, and the moving excavating bit 19e is kept in a diameter-expanded state.
The states shown in FIGS. 6, 7, 8, and 9 show the states at this time.

In this state, the hydraulic motor 20 as the rotating means and the hydraulic cylinder 21 as the propulsion means are driven according to the drive signal output from the excavation control section 100 of the control device 99 shown in FIG. An earth drill bucket 1 which is an excavating tool is propelled while rotating downwardly.
9a, the fixed excavation bit 19d, and the movable excavation bit 19e perform excavation of a predetermined distance corresponding to the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 21.

Here, the excavation end switch 8 in the control room 80
When 9 is operated, the hydraulic motor 20 and the hydraulic cylinder 21 output from the excavation control unit 100 of the control device 99 are stopped, and the hydraulic cylinder 60 forming the fixing means is contracted so that the expansion plate 61 is moved to the turret device 62. When the movable excavating bit 19e is detached from the reaction force plate 76, the diameter expansion cutter hydraulic cylinder 19f contracts.

In this state, when the excavator down switch 86 of the control room 80 is operated, the winch drive device 95 operates according to the drive signal output from the excavation control section 100 of the control device 99, and the excavator 8 of the excavator 8 is operated. The hydraulic cylinder 21 contracts due to the weight of the stationary part 10 and the stationary part 10 moves to the moving part 12.
Descend to approach. When the stationary portion 10 descends by a predetermined distance, the winch drive device 95 stops.

After repeating such an operation several times, when the excavation start switch 88 of the control chamber 80 is operated again, the hydraulic cylinder 60 of the fixing means is extended and each of the expansion plates 61 is excavated. Then, the stationary portion 10 is fixed. Further, the hydraulic motor 20 and the hydraulic cylinder 21 of the propulsion means are driven to propel the moving unit 12 while rotating downward, and the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 21 is changed by the earth drill bucket 19a, the fixed drill bit 19d, and the movable drill bit 19e. Corresponding predetermined distance drilling is performed.

Hereinafter, the same operation is repeated until the earth and sand are sufficiently accumulated in the earth drill bucket 19a. 1 (d) and FIG. 10 show a state of the excavation operation just before the stationary part 10 is fixed in the excavation target hole 7a by the fixing means and excavation is started, and FIG. (E) shows a state in which excavation of a predetermined distance according to the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 21 is completed, and (f) in FIG.
Shows a state in which the stationary part 10 is fixed in the excavation target hole 7a by the fixing means for the next predetermined distance of excavation.

When a considerable amount of earth and sand has accumulated in the storage portion 19c of the earth drill bucket 19a after the operation for ending the excavation for a predetermined distance is performed, the excavator raising switch 87 in the control room 80 is operated. As a result, the winch drive device 95 is driven according to the drive signal output from the excavation control unit 100 of the control device 99, and the excavator 8 causes the excavation target hole 7 to be excavated.
It is hoisted in the turret device 62 located above a. Here, the stage transfer switch 111 in the control room 80 is operated. As a result, the earth unloading stage 82 is transferred to just below the excavator 8. In this state, the soil discharge start switch 90 in the control room 80 is operated. Pressure oil is supplied to the earth drill bucket opening / closing cylinder 97 according to a drive signal output from the excavation control unit 100 of the control device 99, the lower portion of the earth drill bucket 19a is opened, and the excavated earth and sand in the earth drill bucket 19a is opened. Are discharged onto the soil discharging stage 82, as shown in FIG. After the discharge of the excavated earth and sand is completed, the earth discharge completion switch 91 in the control room 80 is operated. As a result, the earth drill bucket opening / closing cylinder 97 operates according to the drive signal output from the excavation control unit 100 of the control device 99, and the earth drill bucket 19a.
The lower part of is closed. Next, when the stage transfer switch 111 is operated, the excavation control unit 100 of the control device 99.
The earth unloading stage transfer device 98 operates in response to the drive signal output from the machine, and the earth unloading stage 82 loaded with the earth unloading 83 is transferred to the outside of the turret device 62. The soil discharge 83 on the soil discharge stage 82 is removed from the soil discharge stage 82 by means not shown.

Further, when the entire length of the excavation target hole 7a is formed and the hole excavation work is completed, or as shown in FIG. 14, during the hole excavation work, the boulders 85 and the like which are obstacles to the operation are the excavation target hole 7a. When the guide rod 7 is present in the control chamber 80, the guide rod 7 is divided in the vicinity of the excavator 8 and the holding table transfer switch 110 provided in the control room 80 is operated. As a result, the holding platform transfer device 96 operates in accordance with the drive signal output from the excavation control unit 100 of the control device 99, and FIG.
As shown in FIG. 14, the holding table 73 moves laterally from the position above the excavation target hole 7a, and the excavator 8 can be moved laterally accordingly. Therefore, the wire 6
It is possible to remove the excavator 8 that has been suspended via 5 from the wire 65 and remove it. Further, as shown in FIG. 14, when the boulder 85 exists in the excavation target hole 7a,
The boulders 85 are removed, and the guide rod 7 and the excavator 8 are returned to the original excavable state.

When the second excavator 8 is removed at the end of the work, the remaining divided portion of the guide rod 7 housed in the excavation target hole 7a should also be removed outside the excavation target hole 7a. Is performed.

As described above, the target hole 7a can be excavated straight along the extension direction of the guide rod 7.

In order to form the excavation target hole 7a with higher accuracy, the control of the excavator 8 that processes the detection signals output from the force sensor 77, the angle sensor 93, and the distance sensor 94 is performed. It About this control
The description will be given below based on 6 to 20.

As described above, the force sensor 7 is attached to the guide rod 7.
7, the force sensor 77 is composed of, for example, a biaxial detection type load cell or the like, and can detect forces in two directions of XY orthogonal to each other in FIG. FIG. 16
The two axes of X′-Y ′ of No. 1 are fixed to the propelling means fixed when the stationary portion 10 of the excavator 8 is fixed to the wall surface of the excavation target hole 7a, that is, the four hydraulic cylinders 21. It is two orthogonal axes connecting the opposing ones. If the guide rod 7 and the excavator 8 are provided with blocking means for blocking the movement of the excavator 8 around the guide rod 7, the X-Y axis that is the direction of the force detected by the force sensor 77 in advance, and the excavation X'-Y virtually set on the machine 8
It is possible to match the axis. In such a case, the angle sensor 93 provided in the excavator 8 described above is unnecessary. In the first embodiment, since the above-mentioned blocking means is not provided, even if an attempt is made to match the X-Y axis of the force sensor 77 with the X'-Y 'axis set on the excavator 8. As the wire 65 that suspends the excavator 8 is twisted, it is difficult to match them. Therefore, the angle sensor 93 of the excavator 8 converts the XY biaxial force detected by the force sensor 77 into a virtual biaxial X′-Y ′ set on the excavator 8. Is used as a means of.

Further, as shown in FIG. 18, the force sensor 77
N is a force obtained by combining the forces of the X-Y biaxial directions detected by 1., F is an unbalanced load received by the excavator 8 due to the excavation by the earth drill bucket 19a, and a reaction force received by the guide rod 7. Assuming that P and the eccentric load F occur at a substantially central position in the height direction of the earth drill bucket 19a, the lower end of the earth drill bucket 19a that produces a reaction force P and the substantially central position in the height direction of the earth drill bucket 19a described above. When the distance between the force sensor 77 and the substantially central position of the earth drill bucket 19a in the height direction is L1 as described above, the following formula is established.

F = P + N (1) P × L2 = N × L1 (2) Here, the distance L2 can be a constant determined by the shape of the earth drill bucket 19a. As described above, the force N is obtained as the resultant force of the respective detection values in the XY biaxial directions detected by the force sensor 77. The distance L1 is obtained according to the signal output from the distance sensor 94 described above. Therefore, the reaction force P received by the guide rod 7 can be calculated from the equation (2).
Further, the magnitude of the unbalanced load F received by the excavator 8 can be obtained from the above equation (1) by the reaction force P thus obtained and the resultant force N obtained by the force sensor 77 as described above. . The direction of the eccentric load F is opposite to the reaction force P and the resultant force N.

In the hole excavation work, as shown in FIG. 15, the force sensor 77, the angle sensor 93, and the distance sensor 9 are used.
The respective detection signals of No. 4 are input to the misalignment control unit 101 of the control device 99 provided in the control room 80. At this time, in the misalignment control unit 101, for example, the resultant force N is obtained from the forces of the XY biaxial directions detected by the force sensor 77, and the wire 65 detected by the distance sensor 94 is detected. The distance L1 in FIG. 18 is obtained from the amount of change in length. Then, the distance L2 which is a constant shown in FIG. 18, the resultant force N and the distance L obtained as described above.
From 1, the calculation for obtaining the reaction force P of the guide rod 7 is performed based on the equation (2). Next, from the pressure P thus obtained and the resultant force N, a calculation for obtaining the eccentric load F received by the excavator 8 shown in FIG. 18 is performed based on the above equation (1).

The resultant force N and the reaction force P obtained as described above
And the force F are as shown in FIG. Here, based on the detection signal of the angle sensor 93, as shown in FIG. 19, an operation for converting the eccentric load F on the XY axis into a force F ′ on the X′-Y ′ axis is performed, and further, Force F'X
The component forces in the ‘′, Y’axis directions are obtained. Then, a target operation amount for expanding or contracting the corresponding one of the hydraulic cylinders 60 of the fixing means shown in FIG. 16 is calculated so that these component forces become zero. A drive signal corresponding to this target operation amount is output from the misalignment control unit 101 of the control device 99, and the corresponding hydraulic cylinder 60 is driven according to this drive signal.

In this way, the posture of the excavator 8 can be controlled so as to receive a substantially uniform force over the entire circumference of the excavator 8 during the hole excavation work.
And the center of the guide rod 7, that is, the drilling target hole 7
It is possible to realize hole excavation in which the center of a is almost always matched.

Also in the first embodiment of the hole excavating device constructed as described above, as in the case of the embodiment of the hole excavating method shown in FIG. The wall surface of 7a can take a reaction force at the time of excavation, and the guide rod 7 can also take a reaction force, so that the swing of the second excavator 8 at the time of excavating the hole is restricted. You can As a result, it is possible to excavate along the extension direction of the guide rod 7 while suppressing the misalignment of the center of the excavator 8 with respect to the center of the excavation target hole 7a and the occurrence of the inclination of the excavator 8, which is highly accurate. The hole 7a having verticality can be excavated. Further, basically, it is not necessary to adjust the posture of the excavator 8 during excavation work, and accordingly, excavation work efficiency can be improved. In addition, since the hole 7a having a high degree of verticality can be formed, the diameter of the hole 7a is not unnecessarily increased, and when concrete is placed in the hole 7a after excavation, concrete with less loss can be obtained. Can be placed.

Further, although the earth drill bucket 19a also serves as a soil discharging means, the earth drill bucket 19a does not depend on the ground condition and the excavation depth of the excavated earth and sand, and the earth drill bucket 19a does not depend on the capacity of the earth drill bucket 19a. A large amount can be deposited, and this earth and sand can be efficiently discharged without providing any special earth discharging means. Further, in the above-described embodiment, when starting the hole excavation by the second excavator 8, the reaction force plate 76 provided on the mast 71 of the turret device 62 is used to take the reaction force. It is economical because it does not require a large structure to take reaction force.

Further, as described above, since the reaction force at the time of excavation is taken by the wall surface of the excavation target hole 7a and the guide rod 7, the second
The excavator 8 itself does not have to consider that it takes a large reaction force, and can be made small and lightweight. Further, the guide rod 7 can be set to have a relatively small diameter dimension such that the guide rod 7 is inserted into the advanced hole 6 smaller than the diameter of the excavation target hole 7a. As a result, the overall shape of the hole excavating device including the first excavator having the down-the-hole drill 2, the guide rod 7, and the second excavator 8 can be made compact and lightweight. Therefore, the work of transporting the hole excavating device including the first excavator having the down-the-hole drill 2, the guide rod 7, and the second excavator 8 to the excavation site becomes relatively easy. The number of man-hours required for excavation can be reduced and the excavation cost can be reduced.

When the diameter of the excavation target hole 7a is increased, the size of the excavation tool such as the earth drill bucket 19a of the second excavator 8 may be set in accordance with the diameter of the excavation target hole 7a. . Therefore, it is possible to easily excavate a desired large excavation target hole 7a without increasing the size of the guide rod 7 and the second excavator 8 and increasing the weight. This makes it possible to easily form the excavation target hole 7a having a large hole diameter of about 3 to 4 m, which is relatively difficult.

As described above, the work of transporting the hole excavating device to the excavation site is relatively easy, and it is 3 to 4 m.
Since it is possible to easily form excavation target holes with large diameters in the front and rear, it can also be applied to the formation of foundation holes such as steel towers for transmission lines in mountainous areas, which were conventionally done by hand. it can. As described above, when the method is applied to the formation of a foundation hole such as a steel tower for a power transmission line in a mountainous area in place of manual digging, the excavation work efficiency can be significantly improved.

FIG. 21 is a side view showing a second embodiment of the hole excavating device of the present invention, and FIG. 22 is a plan view of the second embodiment shown in FIG.

In the second embodiment, as means for discharging earth, means for vacuum suctioning and discharging earth and sand accumulated in the storage portion 19c of the earth drill bucket 19a, that is, means for discharging earth using pneumatic pressure is used. I have it.

In the third embodiment, the vacuum device 102 is provided on the ground, and the hopper 104 for accommodating the earth and sand is provided on the turret device 62, and the filter unit is provided in the conduit between the hopper 104 and the vacuum device 102. 103 is provided. The lower end of the soil discharge pipe 105, one end of which is connected to the hopper 104, faces the storage portion 19c of the earth drill bucket 19a. Other configurations are similar to those of the first embodiment described above.

In the second embodiment, the vacuum device 102 is operated when discharging the earth and sand accumulated in the storage portion 19c of the earth drill bucket 19a during the hole excavation work. By the operation of the vacuum device 102, the earth and sand in the storage portion 19c is sucked into the earth discharge pipe 105 and stored in the hopper 104. The vacuum device 10
The air sucked in 2 is purified in the filter unit 103. In this way, the earth and sand removed from the storage portion 19c of the earth drill bucket 19a and stored in the hopper 104 can be discharged to the outside of the tower device 62 by an appropriate means by opening the lower side of the hopper 104. it can. Other functions and effects are the same as those of the above-described first embodiment of the hole excavating device.

FIG. 23 is a side view showing a third embodiment of the hole excavating device of the present invention. In the third embodiment, as the excavator attached to the lower end of the moving portion 12 of the second excavator 8, instead of the earth drill bucket 19a in the second embodiment shown in FIG. A roller bit 106 for excavating the ground 1 as it rotates is provided. Other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 22 described above. With this structure, the excavation target hole 7a can be excavated in the ground 1 with high accuracy.

Although the guide rod 7 can be divided into a plurality of parts in the above embodiment, when the excavation target hole 7a has a relatively short excavation distance, the guide rod 7 does not have a divided portion. 7 may be provided.

Further, in the above embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder 60 is provided as a means for driving the expansion plate 61 of the fixing means, but an electric motor is provided in place of the hydraulic cylinder 60, and the rotation of the electric motor is converted into a linear motion. A conversion means such as a rack for conversion may be provided, and the expansion plate 61 may be advanced and retracted via this conversion means. Although four fixing means are provided at front, rear, left and right positions in the horizontal plane, only two fixing means may be provided so as to face each other, or only three fixing means may be provided at equal intervals. Also, if necessary, equidistantly 5
You may make it the structure arrange | positioned more than one piece.

Further, although the force sensor 77, the angle sensor 93, and the distance sensor 94 are provided in the above-described embodiment, basically, the excavation target hole having a high degree of verticality is obtained regardless of the detection signals of these. Since it is possible to excavate 7a, the sensor 77, 93, 94 may not be provided.

Further, in the above embodiment, the hydraulic motor 20 is provided as the fixing means, but an electric motor may be provided instead of the hydraulic motor 20.

Further, in the above embodiment, the earth drill bucket 19a, which is an excavating tool, is provided as the earth discharging means, and the vacuum device 102 is provided. However, means for blowing the earth and sand of the excavated portion by air pressure is provided, and compressed air is used. The soil may be discharged while being sprayed, or a means for discharging the soil using water pressure may be provided.

[0116]

Since the hole excavating method and the hole excavating apparatus according to the claims of the present invention are configured as described above, the excavation reaction force can be obtained by both the wall surface of the excavation target hole and the guide rod. Yes, it can be regulated to reduce rocking of the excavator during hole drilling work, and along the extension direction of the guide rod,
It is possible to regulate the misalignment of the center of the excavator with respect to the center of the excavation target hole and the occurrence of tilting of the excavator, and therefore, basically, it is not necessary to adjust the posture of the excavator in the horizontal plane, It is easy to control, and it is possible to excavate a hole having a verticality with higher accuracy than in the past, with high work efficiency.

Further, particularly in the hole excavating device according to the twenty-first aspect, since the excavating tool is an earth drill bucket that also serves as earth removing means, the earth excavating work can be efficiently realized by lifting the earth drill bucket. Basically, it is not necessary to provide other earth discharging means, and it is possible to improve the efficiency of the earth discharging work of this excavated earth and sand.
It is economical because the number of components of the device can be suppressed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a hole excavation method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view showing a second excavator which constitutes the first embodiment of the hole excavating device of the present invention, and is a side view showing a state including a partial cross-sectional portion and omitting fixing means.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a state in which the originally provided fixing means is omitted and the propulsion means is omitted in the excavator shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a state in which a fixing means is drawn in the second excavator shown in FIG.

5 is a side sectional view showing a guide rod on which the second excavator shown in FIG. 2 is guided.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing the relationship between the turret device and the second excavator that constitute the first embodiment of the hole excavating device of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between the second excavator that constitutes the first embodiment of the hole excavating device of the present invention and the reaction force plate provided in the turret device.

FIG. 8 is a guide rod which constitutes a first embodiment of the hole excavating device of the present invention, and a pin which is inserted into the guide rod,
It is a side view which shows the arrangement relationship of the force sensor which detects the force transmitted to this pin.

FIG. 9 shows a positional relationship between a pin inserted into a guide rod that constitutes the first embodiment of the hole excavating device of the present invention, a force sensor that detects a force transmitted to the pin, and a hydraulic cylinder that positions the pin. It is a side view shown.

FIG. 10 is a side view showing a state of a hole excavating operation performed by the first embodiment of the hole excavating device of the present invention.

11 is a plan view showing the relationship among the turret device, the control chamber, and the hydraulic power unit in the state shown in FIG.

FIG. 12 is a side view showing a state of earth removing work carried out by the first embodiment of the hole excavating device of the invention.

13 is a side view showing a state in which the second excavator is moved laterally from the state shown in FIG.

FIG. 14 is a side view showing a state in which the second excavator is laterally moved in the same manner as shown in FIG. 13 in order to remove boulders existing in the excavated hole.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a relationship between various switches and a control device provided in the control room shown in FIG. 11, and various sensors and various operating devices provided in the second excavator or turret device.

FIG. 16 is a plan view of the guide rod and the second excavator for explaining the direction and the magnitude of the unbalanced load acting on the guide rod in the first embodiment of the hole excavating device of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a side view corresponding to FIG.

FIG. 18 is a side view showing the positional relationship between the turret device and the second excavator for explaining the direction and the magnitude of the unbalanced load acting on the guide rod in the first embodiment of the hole excavating device of the present invention. is there.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory view schematically illustrating the magnitude of an eccentric load that acts on the guide rod in the first embodiment of the hole excavating device of the present invention.

20 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the direction and magnitude of the eccentric load acting on the guide rod shown in FIG. 19 are converted into the magnitude of the force for driving the fixing means.

FIG. 21 is a side view showing a second embodiment of the hole excavating device of the present invention.

22 is a plan view of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 21. FIG.

FIG. 23 is a side view showing a third embodiment of the hole excavating device of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a side view showing an example of a conventional hole excavation method and hole excavation device.

FIG. 25 is a side view showing the excavator shown in FIG. 24 in an enlarged manner.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Ground 2 Down-the-hole drill (first excavator) 3 Rotary table (first excavator) 4 Hydraulic power unit 5 Compressor 6 Advanced hole 7 Guide rod 7b Screw connection part 8 Second excavator 10 Stationary part (main body) 12 Moving part (main body) 16 Main frame (non-rotating part) 17 Slewing bearing 18 Subframe (rotating part) 19a Earth drill bucket (drilling tool) 19c Storage part 19d Fixed drilling bit (drilling tool) 19e Moving drilling bit (drilling tool) 19f diameter expansion cutter hydraulic cylinder 20 hydraulic motor (rotating means) 21 hydraulic cylinder (propelling means) 60 hydraulic cylinder (fixing means) 61 expansion plate (fixing means) 62 turret device 63 winch 64 pulley 65 wire 66 pulley 71 mast 72 frame 73 Holding table 74 Rail 75 low 76 Reaction Plate 77 Force Sensor 78 Pin 79 Hydraulic Cylinder 80 Control Room 82 Excavation Stage 83 Excavation 84 Handle 85 Rock Rock 86 Winch Down Switch 87 Winch Up Switch 88 Excavation Start Switch 89 Excavation End Switch 90 Exhaust Start Switch 91 Excavation End switch 93 Angle sensor 94 Distance sensor 95 Winch drive device 96 Winch transfer device 97 Earth drill bucket opening / closing device 98 Earth removal stage transfer device 99 Control device 100 Excavation control unit 101 Misalignment control unit 102 Vacuum device 103 Filter unit 104 Hopper 105 Discharge Earth pipe 106 Roller bit (drilling tool) 110 Holding table transfer switch 111 Stage transfer switch

Front page continuation (71) Applicant 000177944 Yamaka Denki Co., Ltd. 2-11-3 Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo (71) Applicant 000005522 Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. 2-6-2 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Kazuo Aizawa 1-17-10 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo (Uchida Hiroyuki Kyobashi Building) Himeno Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takeo Takemi 1-10-2 Minami-Aoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo Gakunanken (72) Inventor Nobuhiro Kusagawa 1-27-52 Nishigahara, Kita-ku, Tokyo Chitose Electric Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Masanori Hasato 9 Nibancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Santec Co., Ltd. (72) Akira Sato Inventor Akira Sato 2-6-9 Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Cabin Aoyama 2nd floor Yamaka Denki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tadashi Muraoka 650 Jinrachicho, Tsuchiura, Ibaraki Prefecture (72) Inventor, Tomihiro Aihara, 650 Kintatemachi, Tsuchiura City, Ibaraki Prefecture Hitachi Construction Machinery Engineering Co., Ltd. Within the company

Claims (35)

[Claims] 1. An advanced hole having a hole diameter smaller than a target hole for excavation is excavated in the ground, a guide rod is inserted into the advanced hole, and an excavator for excavating the ground and the excavator are inserted in the guide rod. An excavator having a rotating means for rotating, a propulsion means for propelling the excavator, and a fixing means for fixing the main body to the ground is mounted, and in this state, the rotating means, the propulsion means, and the fixing means of the excavator are mounted. A hole excavation method, wherein the means is selectively operated to propel the excavator along the guide rod to excavate the excavation target hole. 2. After excavating the excavation target hole for a predetermined distance,
The excavator is stopped, the main body of the excavator is disengaged from the ground, and the main body is moved by a distance corresponding to the predetermined distance. In this state, the main body is fixed to the ground again, and the excavator is Is excavated along the guide rod to excavate the ground by a predetermined linear distance, then the retreat of the excavator by the predetermined straight distance, and then the excavator is rotated by a predetermined amount, and then the excavator is Is excavated along the guide rod to excavate the ground by a predetermined linear distance, and thereafter, the excavation tool is repeatedly retracted by a predetermined linear distance, rotated by a predetermined amount, and excavated by propulsion by a predetermined linear distance by repeating a predetermined distance. The excavation target hole is excavated only, and the same operation as described above is repeated until the entire length of the excavation target hole is formed.
The hole drilling method described. 3. The hole excavating method according to claim 1, wherein when the excavation tool is propelled along the guide rod to excavate the excavation target hole, the excavation tool is propelled while rotating. 4. After excavating the excavation target hole for a predetermined distance,
The excavator is stopped, the main body of the excavator is disengaged from the ground, and the main body is moved by a distance corresponding to the predetermined distance. In this state, the main body is fixed to the ground again, and the excavator is 4. The hole according to claim 3, wherein the hole is excavated while rotating along the guide rod to excavate the ground for a predetermined distance, and then the same operation is repeated until the entire length of the excavation target hole is formed. Excavation method. 5. The earth and sand generated by excavation of the ground are discharged to the outside of the ground.
The hole excavation method described in any one of 1. 6. The hole excavating method according to claim 1, wherein the excavation target hole is a vertical hole extending in a vertical direction. 7. The hole excavation method according to claim 1, wherein the excavation target hole is a horizontal hole extending in a horizontal direction. 8. The hole excavating method according to claim 1, wherein the excavator is removed to the outside of the excavation target hole after the entire length of the excavation target hole is formed. 9. The hole excavating method according to claim 8, wherein the guide rod is removed outside the excavation target hole after the excavator is removed. 10. The hole excavation method according to claim 9, wherein the guide rod is once divided and then removed. 11. A first excavator for excavating an advanced hole smaller than an excavation target hole in the ground, a guide rod inserted into the advanced hole formed by the first excavator, and a main body with respect to the ground. And a second excavator including a fixing means for fixing the hole and an excavator for excavating the ground, and a second excavator guided by the guide rod to excavate the excavation target hole. 12. The second excavator is a stationary part that can be fixed to the wall surface of an excavation target hole via the guide rod, and is connected to the stationary part, and is movable along the longitudinal direction of the guide rod. A main body including a movable part, a fixing means for fixing the stationary part to the wall surface of the excavation target hole, an excavator attached to the movable part for excavating the excavation target hole in the ground, and the excavator. The hole excavating device according to claim 11, further comprising: a rotating unit that rotates, one end of which is connected to the moving unit and the other end of which is connected to the stationary unit, and a propulsion unit that propels the moving unit. 13. A non-rotating portion in which the moving portion is restricted from rotating around the wall surface of the guide rod and the excavation target hole, and a rotating portion in which the guide rod and the excavation target hole can freely rotate around the wall surface. The hole excavating device according to claim 12, wherein the excavating tool is attached to the rotating portion. 14. The fixing device according to claim 11, wherein the fixing means includes a hydraulic cylinder and an expansion plate pressed against the wall surface of the excavation target hole as the hydraulic cylinder operates. The hole drilling device described. 15. The rotating means is one of a hydraulic motor and an electric motor.
The hole excavating device according to any one of 1 to 13. 16. The hole excavating device according to claim 11, wherein the propulsion means comprises a hydraulic cylinder. 17. The hole drilling device according to claim 11, wherein the drilling tool is an earth drill bucket. 18. The hole excavating device according to claim 11, wherein the excavating tool is a roller bit. 19. The hole drilling device according to claim 11, wherein the first drilling machine has a down-the-hole drill for drilling the advanced hole. 20. The soil discharging means for discharging the earth and sand generated by excavation of the ground by the excavator of the second excavator to the outside of the ground, according to any one of claims 11 to 13. The hole drilling device according to. 21. The hole excavating device according to claim 20, wherein the excavating tool is an earth drill bucket, and the earth drill bucket also serves as the earth discharging means. 22. The hole excavating device according to claim 20, wherein the earth removing means is at least one of an earth discharging means and a water discharging means. . 23. The hole excavating device according to claim 11, wherein the guide rod is formed to be separable. 24. A removal means for removing the second excavator to the outside of the ground is provided.
The hole drilling device described. 25. The hole drilling device according to claim 24, wherein the removing means includes a wire. 26. The hole drilling device according to claim 11, wherein the drilling tool includes an earth drill bucket, a fixed drill bit, and a movable drill bit. 27. The hole drilling device according to claim 26, further comprising a hydraulic cylinder for operating the moving drill bit. 28. The hole excavating device according to claim 11, further comprising a tower device that holds the second excavating device. 29. The hole excavating device according to claim 28, wherein the turret device has a winch capable of lifting and lowering the second excavator. 30. The hole excavating device according to claim 29, wherein the turret device has a holding table for holding the winch and a transfer means for transferring the holding table. 31. The hole excavating device according to claim 30, wherein the transfer means includes a rail provided on the turret device, and a roller mounted on the holding table and rolling on the rail. . 32. The hole excavating device according to claim 28, wherein the turret device has a pin for positioning the guide rod. 33. The hole excavating device according to claim 32, wherein the pin portion is provided with a force sensor for detecting a force received by the guide rod. 34. The hole excavating device according to claim 32, wherein the turret device includes a hydraulic cylinder for positioning the pin. 35. The hole excavating device according to claim 28, wherein the turret device has a reaction force plate with which the fixing means can be engaged.