JPH08212707A - Data control method and data recorder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To store the data on a medium efficiently by providing an identifier, which identifies whether the data are the recorded data in the first recording region or the recorded data in the second recording region during the access of the data to a recording medium. CONSTITUTION: A circuit switching device 11 transforms high-efficiency coded image data S11a inputted from a synchronizing-system controller 16 into input high-efficiency coded image data S1b and inputs the data to any of n-pieces of data storage devices 301 -30n . The devices 301 -30n are controlled by a control signal S14 from the controller 16, perform the storage and control of the data S11b and further reproduce the data in correspondence with the intended reproduction request. The reproduced image data are outputted to the circuit switching device 11 as data S15a. The data S15a, which are inputted to the device 11, are outputted to any of image-signal decoders 131 -13n based on the signal for indicating the circuit switching address, which is inputted from the controller 16. The AV data and the comment or text information are efficiently recorded in the device 30.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to continuous data, such as video data and audio data, which requires continuous access, and text data when recording data on a recording medium such as a hard disk or a magneto-optical disk. The present invention relates to a data management method and a data recording device for efficiently recording non-continuous data on the same recording medium.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a file management function when recording data on a disk medium such as a hard disk or a magneto-optical disk (hereinafter referred to as MO disk), there is area management such as how a file is recorded on the disk. . And in the area management, the relationship between the unit of data read and written at one time and the size of the data handled,
Also, how to allocate areas to files becomes an important issue.

In MS-DOS (registered trademark of MicroSoft Inc., USA), which is a general OS for personal computers, FAT (File Alloc) is used for managing file data.
ation table) method is used. The FAT method will be described with reference to FIG. 8A and 8B are diagrams for explaining file management in the FAT system, where FIG. 8A is a diagram showing the structure of a file entry, FIG. 8B is a diagram showing the structure of the FAT, and FIG. 8C is a description of the data recording portion of the disc. FIG. In MS-DOS, clusters are assigned as a unit when assigning an area to a file. That is, one file is divided and recorded for each cluster, and an entry is provided for each cluster. The FAT manages the connection between the clusters to form one file while showing the usage status of the clusters.

Each entry of the FAT corresponding to a cluster is (1) unused, (2) used and data is connected to another cluster, and (3) used and is the last cluster of the data. One of (4) a defective cluster. In the case of “(2)“ Used and data is connected to another cluster ””,
The next cluster number is recorded as the FAT entry. In addition, in the case of (3) “used and the last cluster of the data”, E is entered as the FAT entry.
OF (usually -1) is recorded. Therefore, by searching the file entry based on the file name, reading the number of the start cluster of the file, and tracing the FAT from the start cluster to the last cluster where EOF is written, the cluster in which the file data is recorded can be found. You can get all.

In FIG. 8, when accessing a file having a file name "file1", for example, the file entry is first searched to find the file entry "file1". When the file entry of "file1" is found, the start FAT number of the file entry is read. In the example shown in FIG. 8, it is 3. Next, the contents of the No. 3 FAT are read to obtain the next FAT number 4.
Similarly, the FAT number 8 is obtained from the contents of the 4th FAT.
And since the contents of FAT No. 8 is EOF, "fil
The file "e1" ends at this cluster. Finally, as the contents of “file1”, the clusters 3, 4,
8 data are accessed.

UNIX (US UNIX System Lab), which is rapidly spreading mainly in workstations,
In the case of a trademark of the Oratories Company, i-node is used for managing file data. This i-nod
The e method will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 shows i-
It is a figure explaining the file management in a node system, (A) is a figure which shows the structure of a file entry, (B)
Is a diagram showing a configuration of an i-node, and (C) is a diagram for explaining a data recording portion of the disc. Also in UNIX, one file is divided into blocks and recorded on the disk, and the block number in which the file is recorded is recorded in the i-node. As the block number, an indirect designated pointer indicating a block in which a plurality of direct designated pointers are written may be described in addition to the direct designated pointer directly indicating the block in which the file data is written. Information such as attribute information and size of other files is described in the i-node.

In FIG. 9, for example, when a file having a file name "file2" is accessed, the file entry is searched first to find the file entry "file2". When the file entry of "file2" is found, the i-node number of the file entry is read. In the example shown in FIG. 9, it is 20. Then, the contents of the 20th i-node are read to obtain the file size and the block number in which the data is recorded.
In the example of FIG. 9, the file size is 3000 bytes, and the data is recorded in blocks 3, 4, and 8. The block size here is 1024 bytes (= 1 Kbyte). Therefore, block 8 of 9
Up to the 52nd byte is valid data.

[0008]

However, the above-mentioned FA
The T system and i-node system file management methods have a problem in that they cannot be efficiently recorded when a large amount of data is recorded. In the FAT system or i-node system, a FAT entry or pointer is required for each cluster or block on the disk. For example, if the length of the cluster and the block is 1024 bytes, management information is required for each 1024 bytes.
This is effective for managing relatively small size data such as text data, but when handling files with large capacity such as audio data and video data, the area for management becomes enormous. It caused the problem of being lost. In addition, when a file is divided and recorded in units of clusters and blocks, there is a problem that fragments frequently occur and it is difficult to continuously read data that needs continuous access.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to efficiently store continuous data, such as audio data and video data, which require continuous access, on the same medium as discontinuous data such as text data. It is to provide a data management method that can be performed. Another object of the present invention is to provide a data management method that enables continuous access by recording data such as audio data and video data as continuously as possible.

[0010]

In order to solve the above problems, a plurality of methods are used for management according to the type of data. For that purpose, one recording medium is divided into a plurality of areas for use, and the area can be selected according to the type of file.

Therefore, the data management method of the present invention is
A data recording area of a recording medium is divided into one or more variable length records of continuous data that needs continuous access and recorded, and a non-continuous data that does not require continuous access. The recording medium is divided into one or more fixed-length blocks and a second area for recording, and data access to the recording medium is performed by determining whether the data is the recording data of the first recording area or the second recording. It is managed by a file entry having an identifier for identifying whether the data is recorded data in the area.

Further, the data recording apparatus of the present invention has a first area for recording AV data, which has a relatively large amount of data and requires continuous access, divided into one or more variable-length records, and a relatively large amount of data. AV for small text data
A data recording medium having a second area in which data other than data is divided into one or more fixed-length blocks and recorded, and data access to the recording medium is performed by recording the data in the first recording area. And a data management unit that manages by a file entry having an identifier for identifying data or the recording data of the second recording area.

In the data management method of the present invention and the data recording apparatus using the same, the recording medium is divided into an area for recording continuous data and an area for recording discontinuous data, and the respective appropriate management is performed. Data is managed by the method. When accessing the data, first, the file entry is searched based on the file name, and when the file entry is searched, the file type and the record entry number are read. If the file type is continuity data, the data management method in the continuity data storage area is tailored, and the data is accessed based on the record entry number. If the file type is discontinuous data, the data is accessed based on the record entry number according to the data management method in the discontinuous data storage area. Therefore, even on the same medium, data can be recorded by an appropriate management method depending on the type of data.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION As an embodiment of a file management system according to the present invention, first, a record entry system, which is a file management system related to the applicant of the present application, will be described with reference to FIG. 1A and 1B are diagrams for explaining file management in the record entry method. FIG. 1A is a diagram showing the structure of a file entry, FIG. 1B is a diagram showing the structure of a record entry, and FIG. 1C is a data recording portion of a disc. It is a figure explaining. In the record entry method, a file is divided into a plurality of continuous variable length areas and recorded on a disc. One continuous area is managed by a management unit called a record entry, and a plurality of record entries are linked to form file data.

In FIG. 1, when accessing a file having a file name "file3", for example, the file entry is first searched to find the file entry "file3", and the record entry number of the file entry is read. In the example shown in FIG. 1, it is 1. next,
The contents of the record entry 1 are read out, and the linked record entry number, the start block number of the record, and the record size are read out. From the starting block number and record size of this record, "file
The data of "3" becomes accessible. Similarly, by following the linked record entries, "fi
data of "le3" are sequentially accessed. When the linked record entry number becomes EOF, the data of "file3" ends at that record entry. In the case of FIG. 1, the data is blocks 1200 to 100 blocks long, 1400 to 600 blocks long and 220 blocks.
It is composed of three continuous areas of 0 to 300 blocks long.

In such a record entry method, a record entry is used for one continuous area on the medium. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the management area for data having a relatively large size such as audio data and video data, as compared with the FAT system and the i-node system. On the other hand, such a record entry method is
Since the size of one management information becomes large, the effect is not sufficient for data such as text data that has a large number of relatively small data. Therefore, there is a demand for a method of appropriately managing both relatively large-sized data such as audio data and video data and relatively small-sized data such as text data using management information having a small capacity.

A data management method according to the present invention and a data recording device to which the data management method is applied will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an AV server device to which the file management method of the present invention is applied. This AV server device is mainly composed of a large-capacity data recording device, records various AV data composed of video signals and audio signals, and outputs the data appropriately for requesting editing or broadcasting. It is a supply device.

First, referring to FIG. 2, the AV server device 1
The overall configuration and operation will be described. A digitized video signal is input to the AV server device 1. Digital video signal S10 which is the input is inputted to the video signal high-efficiency coding apparatus 10 ₁ to 10 _n, the high-efficiency encoded video data S11a is generated coded with high efficiency. It should be noted that the video signal high-efficiency encoders 10 ₁ to 10
The coding rate at _n is the synchronization system control execution unit 16
Is set by the control signal S12. Further, the high-efficiency encoders 10 ₁ to 10 _n normally operate by a synchronization signal based on the synchronization signal S18 input to the synchronization system control execution device, but extract the clock and frame timing from the input video signal S10. Can also be used internally, and when operated in this manner, a video signal synchronized with the video signal synchronization signal can be input. The generated high-efficiency coded video data S11a is input to the circuit switching device 11 such as a routing switcher for a broadcasting station.

The circuit switching device 11 converts the input high-efficiency encoded video data S11a into the input high-efficiency encoded video data based on the control signal S13 indicating the circuit switching destination input by the synchronous system control execution device 16. As S11b, the data is input to any of the _n data storage devices 30 ₁ to 30 _n . The data storage devices 30 ₁ to 30 _n are individually controlled by the control signal S14 from the synchronous system control execution device 16, and are stored in the data storage devices 30 ₁ to 30 to be described later.
The data management device 308 in _n stores and manages the input high-efficiency coded video data S11b, and reproduces the input high-efficiency coded video data S11b according to a desired reproduction request. The reproduced video data is output to the circuit switching device 11 as reproduction high-efficiency coded video data S15a.

The reproduced high-efficiency coded video data S15a input to the circuit switching device 11 is high based on the control signal S13 indicating the circuit switching destination input from the synchronous system control execution device 16 as at the time of input. As the efficiency-coded video data S15b, n video signal decoding devices 13 _{1 to} 13
Input to any of _n . Video signal decoding apparatus 13 ₁ -
13 _n is the input high-efficiency coded video data S15b
Is decoded to generate a restored video signal S16, which is output from the AV server device 1 to, for example, an editing device. It should be noted that the decoding is performed by using the encoded data (high-efficiency encoded video data S15
Since it can be automatically decoded according to b), no particular control signal is input to the video signal decoding devices 13 _{1 to} 13 _n .

In addition, in the AV server device 1, LA
The control command S17a is sequentially transmitted to the control command transmission device 15 from the host application system 14 such as a computer device connected via N. The control command transmitting device 15 converts the control command S17a from a LAN communication protocol into a protocol capable of communicating with the synchronous system control executing device 16, and transfers the converted control command S17b to the synchronous system control executing device 16. . According to this control signal,
The above-mentioned units perform desired operations.

Next, the data storage devices 30 ₁ to 30 _{n according} to the present invention of the AV server device 1 will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the data storage devices 30 ₁ to 30 _n , and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of the data management device 308 realized in software format on the memory circuit (MEM). is there. As shown in FIG. 3, the data storage device 30 _i
(I = 1 to n) has a format conversion device (CNV) 31 and a disk device 32, and the disk device 32 includes a write / read circuit (W / R device) 302 and a control circuit 304.
And a memory circuit 306.

The high-efficiency coded video data S11b transmitted by the data transmission medium capable of transmitting the baseband digital video signal is input to the format conversion device 31 and converted into a format that can be input to the disk device 32. To be done. On the other hand, the data reproduced from the disk device 32 is
It is input to the format conversion device 31 and converted into reproduction high-efficiency coded video data S15a transmitted by a data transmission medium capable of transmitting a baseband digital video signal, which is equivalent to that at the time of recording.

The W / R device 302 of the disk device 32 is
Controlled by the control circuit 304, the MO disk 40 is rotated, and the recording data input from the format conversion device 31 is written to the MO disk 40. Also, the MO disc 40
The recording data is read from and output to the format conversion device 31. The control circuit 304 uses the synchronous system control execution device 16
Based on a control signal S14 from the memory circuit 306, each program of the data management device 308 is executed and the W / R device 302 is controlled to record or reproduce the recording data on the MO disk 40. To perform.

In the present embodiment, the data storage device 30 _i writes / reads (accesses) recording data to / from the MO disk device 40 in units of 1 Kbyte blocks. The format conversion device 31 and the disk device 32 are connected via a general-purpose connection line S120 in which data and control signals are mixed. Further, the data storage device 30 _i can arbitrarily change the recording / reproducing speed within the range of the maximum data transfer speed of the disk device 32.

Further, the above-mentioned data management device 308 is
As shown in FIG. 4, the control circuit 30 is included in the memory circuit 306.
4, which is realized in the form of software executed by the record entry generation program (REG) 31.
0, link data generation program (LDG) 312, head position data generation program (HDG) 314, recording length data generation program (RLDG) 316, file entry generation program (FEG) 318, access management program (AM) 320, free area Ensuring program (EAG) 322, recording data writing program (DW)
324, free recording area management program (EAM) 32
8, a data management program (DM) 330, a recording data read program (DR) 332, and an operating system (OS) 334 that controls the execution of these programs.

As described above, in the AV server device 1, various material AV data obtained through interviews and the like are high-efficiency coded by the video signal high-efficiency coding device 10 and desired via the circuit switching device 11. The data is stored in the data storage device 30 of FIG. Then, when a predetermined AV data supply request signal is input from the application system 14 such as an editing device to the control command transmission device 15 via the LAN, each unit is controlled by the synchronous system control execution device 16 to generate the AV data. Output is done. That is, the requested AV data recorded in the data storage device 30 is reproduced,
It is input to the video signal decoding device 13 via the circuit switching device 11. Then, it is decoded by the video signal decoding device 13 and output to the editing device.

In such an AV server device 1,
Along with the AV data, shooting information and comments related to each AV data, or text information such as a telop at the time of program transmission is simultaneously recorded and used together with the AV data. In this case, it is necessary to simultaneously record AV data, which has a large data amount and is mainly accessed continuously, and text data, which has a small data amount and does not need continuous access, on the same recording medium of the data storage device 30 at the same time. Occurs. The data management method of the present invention is applied to a data management method in such a case.

Then, the data management method of the present invention applied to the data storage device 30 of the AV server device 1 will be described below. The data storage device 30 includes a plurality of MOs.
Although it is composed of a disk device, a data management method for one of the MO media will be described below.

First, the structure of the MO disk of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of the MO disk, (A) is a diagram showing the overall configuration, and (B) is a diagram showing the configuration within the system area SA. The MO disc of the present embodiment has a recording medium
It is divided into four areas, that is, a system area SA, a file entry FE, a continuous data area CA (Continuous Area), and a non-continuous data area RA (Random Area). Data is actually recorded in the continuous data area CA (Contin
continuous area) and a non-continuous data area RA (Random Area) which is a recording area for non-continuous data.

As shown in FIG. 5B, the system area SA is an area in which the parameters of the entire disc are described, and the media identifier, user information and file system parameters are recorded. The user information is an area open to the user. File system parameters include file entry FE, continuous data area CA,
The start block of each area of the non-contiguous data area RA, the number of file entries, the number of record entries and i-nodes described later are recorded.

The file entry FE has a structure common to the continuous data area CA and the non-continuous data area RA, and is provided separately from each area. The structure of the file entry FE is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the file entry FE describes the file type together with the file name, that is, continuous data or non-continuous data. Further, the pointer in each area is described in the next 4 bytes of the file type. This is because when the file type is continuous data, the pointer to the first record entry of the file data in the continuous data area CA is
When the file type is discontinuous data, a pointer to the i-node number of the file data in the discontinuous data area RA is described.

The continuous data area CA is an area in which continuous data such as AV data is recorded, and the recorded data is managed by a record entry method. This record entry method is the same as the method described above with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 5A, the continuous data area CA has a super block, a record entry, free area information, and a continuous data recording area that represent the internal structure of the continuous data area CA.

The non-continuous data area RA is an area in which non-continuous data such as text data is recorded, and the recorded data is managed by the i-node system. This i-
The node method is the same as the method described above with reference to FIG. In the non-contiguous data area RA, as shown in FIG. 5A, a super block representing the internal structure of the non-contiguous data area RA and an i-n indicating an empty area of the i-node.
There are an ode bitmap, a block bitmap showing an empty area, an i-node recording area, and a discontinuous data recording area.

Next, a procedure for accessing data in the MO drive to the MO disk medium having such a structure will be described. First, this MO disc is MO
When inserted in the drive, first the system area SA
Is read, and it is determined where on the disc the file entry FA, the continuous data area CA, and the non-continuous data area RA are located. Continuous data area C
For A and the non-contiguous data area RA, the super block is further read and the management information in each recording area is read.

The MO drive obtains management information from these pieces of information and determines the access position. An access procedure for the file data will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, a file entry is acquired from the file name of the file to be accessed (step s
21). Next, the file type is acquired from the file entry, and it is determined whether the file is a continuous data file or a discontinuous data file (step s22).

If the file to be accessed is a continuous data file such as AV data, the first record entry number is acquired from the file entry and that number is set in the access record list (step s23). ). Next, the record entry of the acquired record number is loaded (step s24). And
The record entry is added to the access record list (step s25). Next, the LINK of the record entry is referred to, and if LINK ≠ EOF, the record number of LINK is set as the acquisition record number, and the processing from step s24 is repeated (step s26). If LINK = EOF in step s26, the file data is accessed according to the access record list (step s27).

On the other hand, if the file to be accessed is a non-continuous data file such as text data in step s22, the i-node number is acquired from the file entry (step s28). Next, the i-node having the i-node number is loaded into the memory (step s29). Then, the file data is accessed according to the block pointer described in the i-node (step s30). When the access to the file data is completed in steps s27 and s30, the process ends (step s31).

As described above, according to the data management method of the present invention, the recording data is divided into continuous data and non-continuous data,
Recording is performed in a predetermined area by a predetermined management method. As a result, AV data that has a relatively large amount of data and that needs continuous access and text data that has a relatively small amount of data that does not require continuous access are recorded on the same recording medium by appropriate management methods. Is now possible. Specifically, for example, in the data storage device 30 of the AV server device 1 as shown in FIG.
It has become possible to efficiently record V data and shooting information and comments related to the AV data, or text information such as a telop when a program is transmitted, simultaneously.

The data management method of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and various modifications can be made. For example, the file management method for the non-continuous data area RA is the i-node method, but this may be the FAT method. Further, although the MO disk medium has been described in the present embodiment, a hard disk may be used.

[0041]

According to the data management method of the present invention and the data recording apparatus to which the data management method is applied, the amount of data management area used is suppressed as compared with the method of handling continuous data and non-continuous data in the same recording area. , Efficient use becomes possible. Further, since the data recording area is separated, it is possible to reduce the fragments in recording the continuity data, and it is possible to record the continuity data so that continuous access can be easily performed. Therefore, in the data recording apparatus of the present invention, data having a relatively large size such as audio data and video data and data having a relatively small size such as text data are
It is possible to appropriately record on the same recording medium.

[Brief description of drawings]

1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating file management in a record entry method, where FIG. 1A is a diagram showing a configuration of a file entry, and FIG. 1B is a diagram showing a configuration of a record entry;
(C) is a diagram for explaining the data recording portion of the disc.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an AV server device to which an embodiment of a data management method of the present invention is applied.

3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a data storage device of the AV server device shown in FIG.

4 is a diagram showing a configuration of a data management device implemented in a software format in a memory circuit of the data storage device shown in FIG.

5 is a diagram showing a configuration of an MO disc used in the data storage device of the AV server device shown in FIG.
(A) is a diagram showing the overall configuration of the MO disk, and (B) is a diagram showing the configuration within the system area SA.

6 is a diagram showing the structure of a file entry FE of the MO disc shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an access procedure for file data.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating file management in the FAT system, in which (A) is a diagram showing a configuration of a file entry;
(B) is a diagram showing the configuration of the FAT, and (C) is a diagram for explaining the data recording portion of the disc.

9A and 9B are diagrams illustrating file management in the i-node system, in which FIG. 9A is a diagram showing a file entry configuration, FIG. 9B is a diagram showing an i-node configuration, and FIG. It is a figure explaining a recording part.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... AV server device 10 ... Video signal high efficiency encoding device 11 ... Circuit switching device 13 ... Video signal decoding device 14 ... Application system 15 ... Control command transmission device 16 ... Synchronous system control execution device 30 ... Data storage device 31 ... Format Conversion device 32 ... Disk device 302 ... W / R device 304 ... Control circuit 306 ... Memory circuit 308 ... Data management device 310 ... Record entry generation program (REG) 312 ... Link data generation program (LDG) 314 ... Head position data generation program (HDG) 316 ... Recording length data generation program (RLDG) 318 ... File entry generation program (FEG) 320 ... Access management program (AM) 322 ... Free space securing program (EAG) 324 ... Recording data writing program (DW) 328 … Free space Recording area management program (EAM) 330 ... Data management program (DM) 332 ... Recording data read program (DR) 334 ... Operating system (OS) 40 ... MO disc

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A first area for recording continuity data, which requires continuous access, in a data recording area of a recording medium by dividing it into one or more variable-length records, and a non-continuous area that does not require continuous access. Property data is divided into one or more fixed-length blocks and a second area for recording, and data access to the recording medium is performed by determining whether the data is the recording data of the first recording area, A data management method of managing by a file entry having an identifier for identifying whether the data is recorded data in the second recording area. 2. A first area in which AV data is divided and recorded in one or more variable-length records, and a second area in which data other than AV data is divided and recorded in one or more fixed-length blocks. Management of a data recording medium having the same and management of access to the recording medium by a file entry having an identifier for identifying whether the data is the recording data of the first recording area or the recording data of the second recording area Data recording device having a data management means for performing.