JPH0797927B2 - Seeding sheet - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a sowing sheet, and more particularly to a sowing sheet suitable for germination / growth of plants and suppressing germination / growth of weeds.

Conventional technology and problems Conventionally, a water-soluble adhesive was used to fix the seeds on the surface of one sheet of water-disintegrating and biodegradable material, or to hold the seed between two sheets of the material. The sheet is known as a sowing sheet.

Compared with direct sowing, this sowing sheet makes it easier to control the interval between seeds and the sowing amount in order to adapt to the optimum yield, and also saves the labor of sowing work and thinning work after germination. Further, it has an advantage that the seeds and cultivated soil can be prevented from being washed away due to wind and rain.

However, in the conventional seeding sheet, especially the two-sheet sheet, the sheet is interposed between the seed and the soil, so that the seed and the soil are not so well-adapted. When it dries up, the seeds and soil separate and cannot be moistened. Further, the sheet itself becomes an obstacle when the roots and shoots are elongated, and may be more disadvantageous than the case of direct sowing from the viewpoint of germination and growth.

A problem after sowing is the complexity of weeding. Especially for plant seeds that require a long period of time to germinate, there are few suitable herbicides that can be safely used at this stage, and therefore manual work in an unnatural posture is often required. However, heretofore, almost no seeding sheet has been found that fully considers measures against weeds.

Means for Solving the Problems In view of such circumstances, the present inventors have a good compatibility with seeds and soil, do not adversely affect germination and growth due to the presence of a sheet, and suppress weeds. We have earnestly conducted research to develop a seeding sheet that can be used.

The present invention has been made as a result of such research and comprises a base material seal having a light-shielding property and having a plurality of holes, and a cover sheet having water-disintegrating properties and biodegradability, which are bonded to each other. The seeding sheet is characterized in that seeds are fixed on the joint side surface of the covering sheet at a position corresponding to the above with a water-soluble adhesive.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view schematically showing the seeding sheet of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing a base material sheet and a covering sheet constituting the seeding sheet of FIG.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the seeding sheet of the present invention is
Basically, it consists of a base sheet (1), a cover sheet (2) and seeds (3).

First, the covering sheet (2), which is usually on the upper side when laid, is made of a material having water-disintegrating property and biodegradability. here,
As used herein, the term water-disintegrating property means that water dissolves or physically separates the tissue.
In addition, the term "biodegradable" means that the substance finally becomes a so-called inorganic substance by the action of microorganisms in the soil. That is, the cover sheet used in the present invention is disintegrated by water and finally returns to soil.

On the other hand, the base material sheet (1), which comes into contact with the lower ground surface when the seeding sheet is laid, is made of a material having a light shielding property by black coloring or aluminum vapor deposition. Preferably, the material is one that is relatively less likely to collapse or decompose due to irrigation or natural rainfall as compared with the covering sheet material. this is,
This is because, as will be described later, the base material sheet is allowed to remain for an appropriate period even after the covering sheet is absent.

Next, referring to specific sheet materials, examples of the material of the base sheet used in the present invention include a polyolefin film colored in black and a polyolefin film having one surface vapor-deposited with aluminum. It is also possible to use a dense non-woven fabric obtained by accumulating cellulose-based ultrafine fibers colored in black and strongly entwining the fibers with each other by needle punching.

On the other hand, as a material for the covering sheet, there is a dry or wet non-woven fabric derived from a natural product such as pulp or cotton. A water-soluble film represented by polyvinyl alcohol can also be used as this material.

The seeding sheet of the present invention is formed by joining the cover sheet and the base sheet. The base sheet is provided with a plurality of holes, and the seed (3) is fixed by the adhesive (4) on the adhesive surface of the covering sheet portion corresponding to each hole. At this time, the seeds are spaced apart from each other and arranged regularly or randomly. Here, examples of adhesives that can be used for fixing seeds include water-soluble natural or synthetic polymer compounds such as starch-based ones, glue, casein, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl methyl ether, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone. .

On the other hand, the base material sheet and the cover sheet are bonded by bonding with a water-soluble resin such as polyvinyl methyl ether or polyvinyl pyrrolidone. Alternatively, they can be joined by a heat sealing method or the like.

By adopting such a configuration, the adhesive (4) is dissolved by water caused by rainfall or irrigation in the early stage after laying the sheet, and the seed (3) is settled in the soil. Such rapid settling allows the seeds to begin normal physiological activity towards germination without being adversely affected by the sheet. The holes (5) provided in the base material sheet are provided so as not to prevent the landing. Therefore, it is preferable that the size of such holes is such that at least seeds can pass through and the area is less than 30 cm ² . If the area is too large, the seed spacing will be too large, and from the viewpoint of seeding amount, it will also reduce the light-shielding property.
It is not preferable from the viewpoint of weed control as described below.

At this time, if a base material sheet of a material that is relatively slow to disintegrate or decompose is used, it exists around the seed even after the disappearance of the covering sheet to prevent soil from drying, and it is possible to suppress an increase in soil temperature. The seeds of the present invention are particularly suitable for stable production of low temperature crops in the high temperature season. Examples of such low temperature crops include spinach, lettuce, salad vegetables, Chinese cabbage, celery, peas, green beans, radish, carrots and the like.

Further, when the seeding sheet of the present invention is laid by adopting the configuration as described above, the light-shielding base material sheet covers the ground surface, so that light does not reach the weed seeds and germination and growth can be suppressed. it can. On the other hand, the settled target seed settles in the hole portion, that is, in a position where the light-shielding material does not exist in the vicinity, so that it can receive light.

In the seeding sheet of the present invention, if desired, various hormones, minerals, or useful microorganisms, physiologically active substances produced by the microorganisms, enzymes, etc. are allowed to adhere to the sheet material or fixed seeds, and germination / growth of the seeds is performed. Can be promoted.

The seeding sheet of the present invention can be easily manufactured by joining the covering sheet to which the seeds are fixed and the perforated base sheet by the method described above.

Thus, the obtained seeding sheet of the present invention is preferably used for seeding various plants other than the above-mentioned low temperature crops by laying on bare ground of cultivated land, cultivated soil, or a breeding box, and by covering the soil appropriately. it can.

When the material forming the cover sheet is particularly excellent in water solubility, it is possible to lay the base sheet as the upper surface and the cover sheet as the lower surface in contact with the ground contrary to the general method.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.

Example 1 Paper having a basis weight of 20% / m ² of 100% unbleached pulp was used as a cover sheet,
Spinach seeds were adhered to each side at 15 cm intervals using a methanol solution of polyvinyl methyl ether as an adhesive.

Then, a black-colored polyethylene film having a thickness of 0.03 mm in which a hole having a diameter of 3 cm was drilled at a relative position to the seed of the cover sheet was attached by an adhesive as above to obtain a seeding sheet of the present invention.

This sheet was laid on the ridges of cultivated land with the polyethylene film facing down, and the soil was appropriately covered and crushed to complete the sowing work.

On the other hand, without using the sowing sheet of the present invention, a control section in which seeds were sowed, covered with soil, and crushed was provided adjacent to the test section. After 3 weeks, the germination rate (%) of both plots and the growth condition of weeds (relative value when the control plot was 100) were compared. The results are shown in Table 1. In addition, the production type was summer lacquer.

Example 2 Wet paper making of black colored pulp was carried out and the fiber aggregate density was 1.2 g.
A black paper of / cm ³ was obtained. As for the strength of this paper, the tensile strength when wet was 0.2 kg / 3 cm width or more in any direction. Holes with a diameter of 1 cm were made at intervals of 2.5 cm on the entire surface of this paper to obtain a long product having a total width of 40 cm.

Then, a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol film having a thickness of 25 μm was used as a covering sheet, and an ethanol solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone was used as an adhesive agent on one side thereof, and seeds of small turnip Kanamachi were attached at 10 cm intervals.

Both sheets were joined with the same adhesive so that the seed and the center of the hole corresponded to each other to form a long product having a width of 40 cm.

The sowing sheet thus obtained was laid with black paper on the surface of the flat ridges of the cultivated land with the black paper facing upward, and the seeding operation was completed by covering and suppressing the soil appropriately.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a sowing sheet suitable for smooth germination / growth of target seeds and capable of sufficiently suppressing germination / growth of weeds.

That is, when the seeding sheet of the present invention is used, the seeds attached to the sheet by rainfall or irrigation in the early stage of laying are easily dropped off, settled in the soil at that position, and receive light from the periphery of the upper part. The germination and growth are promoted in combination with the water retention and the soil temperature control function in the summer, which are derived from the timber sheet. Here, the covering sheet is not decomposed or disintegrated promptly to prevent the germination and growth of seeds.

On the other hand, with respect to weeds, the light-shielding property of the base sheet sufficiently suppresses the germination and growth of the weeds.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a seeding sheet of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing a base material sheet and a covering sheet constituting the seeding sheet of FIG. The symbols have the following meanings. 1: Base material sheet, 2: Cover sheet, 3: Seed, 4: Adhesive, 5: Hole

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Soichiro Kishida 270, Taga, Inagae-gun, Taga-gun, Shiga Daikan Co., Ltd. Shiga Plant (72) Inventor, Takao Sonoda, 3-1, 1-1 Higashiikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo KU Co., Ltd. Tokyo Head Office (56) Bibliographic Reference Shoko 46-28587 (JP, Y1)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A light-shielding base sheet having a plurality of holes and a cover sheet having water-disintegrating property and biodegradability, which are bonded to each other, and the cover sheet at a position corresponding to each hole. A seeding sheet, characterized in that a seed is fixed on the joint side surface with a water-soluble adhesive.